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TRANSACTIONS
OF
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
VOLUME XIX.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY :
SOLD AT THEIR HOUSE IN HANOVER-SQUARE;
AND BY MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER-ROW.
1909-10.
earey
iad
D0
CONTENTS.
Zoological Results of the Ruwenzori Expedition, 1905-1906.
1. Preface. By W. R. Ocitvin-Granz, F.Z.S.
2. Itinerary. By R. B. Woosnam :
3. Vermes. By Franx E. Bepparp, M.A., F.R.S,, F.Z.8.
4, Mollusca. By E. A. Smirn, I.S8.0., F.Z.S. (Plate 7.)
5. Crustacea. By W. T. Catman, D.Sce., F.Z.S.
6. Arachnida. By ALS. Hirst, F.Z.S.
7. Neuroptera. By W. F. Kirsy, F.L.S., F.E.S.
8. Orthoptera. By W. F. Krrsy, F.L.S., F.E.S
9. Rhynchota. By W. L. Distanwr. (Plate IT.)
10. Diptera. By Ervust E. Austen, F.Z.S. ae 11)
11. Lepidoptera Heterocera. By Sir Georce F. Hampson, Bart., F.Z.S.
12. Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. By F. A. Hzron. (Plate V.).
13. Hymenoptera. By the late Col. C. T. Bineuam, F.Z.S.
page 1
(Plate LV.) 103
14, Coleoptera. By Giusert J. Arrow, F.E.S., C. O. Warernouss, P.ES.,
C. J. Ganan, M.A., and Guy A. K. Marsuatt, F.Z.S. (Plates VI. & VIL). 185
15. Pisces, Batrachia, and Reptilia. a G. A. Bounrnesrr, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S. (Plates
WIQUL, & 1D) . : ; :
16. Aves. By W. R. Ocitvin-Grant, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., &e.
Appendix.—
On some Points in the Anatomy of Bradypterus cinnamomeus.
By W. P. Pycrart, F.Z.S., M B.O.U., &e. (Plates X.-XIX.) . 253
17. Mammalia. By O1primtp Tuomas, F.R.S., F.Z.S., and R. C. Wroventon,
F.Z.S. (Plates XX.-XXIV.).
List of the Papers contained in Vol. XIX. . . .. .
Index of Species, &c.
4.8]
eas
wie vous
: A
PEL, eter rn co
TRANSACTIONS
OF
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
Vou.. X1X.—Parr 1.
(Puates L.-III. and Trxt-rigurus 1-12.)
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY,
SOLD AT THEIR HOUSE JIN HANOVER SQUARE;
AND BY MESSRS, LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO., PATERNOSTER ROW.
October 1909.
Price £2. 10s. Od.
Taylor and Francis, Printers. ] {Red Lion Court, Fleet Street.
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TRANSACTIONS
OF
HHH ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS
OF THE
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION, 1905—-1906.
1. PREFACE.
Received and read November 17, 1908.
EVER since its discovery by Sir Henry Stanley in 1888, the great range of mountains
in Equatorial Africa known as Ruwenzori, or the ‘‘ Mountains of the Moon,” has
attracted the attention of naturalists in all parts of the world, especially in Europe
and America. ‘The isolated position and the great altitude attained by the forest-clad,
snow-capped peaks, rising to nearly 17,000 feet, made it certain that a rich and
peculiar Fauna and Flora must await the investigations of the explorer.
With a view to benefiting the British Museum (Natural History), I therefore
determined, if possible, to be first in the field; but the task of raising sufficient
funds for the purpose of sending out a large and properly equipped expedition took
VOL. XIX.—ParRT I. No. 1.—October, 1909. B
2 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
more time to achieve than I had at first contemplated. At last, however, this
difficulty was overcome through the generosity of—
His Grace Tue Duxe or Beprorp, K.G., President of the
Zoological Society of London,
Tue Hart or Darrmourn, F.ZS.,
Viscount Iveaeu, F.Z.S.,
Lorp Srratucona anp Mount Royat,
The Hon. N. C. Roruscurxp, F.Z.S.,
Sir Atexanper Barrp, F.Z.S.,
Dr. Lupwie Monp, F.Z.S.,
Mr. W. A. Bett, F.ZS.,
The late Mr. C. Czarnixow, F.Z.S.,
Mr. W. H. Sr. Quintin, F.Z.S.,
Tue TrusTEES OF THE Percy Suapen Fund, and
Tue WorsutpruL Company or FisHMONGERS,
who became Subscribers to the Ruwenzori Expedition Fund on the understanding
that the first set of specimens collected should be presented to the British Museum.
Mr. C. EH. Fagan, Secretary of the British Museum (Natural History), kindly
consented to act as Treasurer to the fund.
Meanwhile, the services of four first-rate field-naturalists and collectors,
Mr. R. B. Woosnam (leader of ) Late of the
the Expedition), Worcestershire
Mr. R. E. Denv, Regiment,
Hon. Greratp Lecer, and
Mr. Dovetas CarrurHers,
were secured, and to these was finally added Mr. A. F. R. Wouuaston, who undertook
to look after the health of the various members of the Expedition and to form
botanical and entomological collections.
It would be difficult to find any five individuals who could have carried out
the work so successfully and thoroughly as these gentlemen have done, and to
anyone who studies the following pages this will be abundantly evident. To
Mr. R. B. Woosnam, the leader of the Expedition, special praise is due for the
admirable manner in which he conducted the exploration of Ruwenzori and brought
it to a most successful termination in the face of many serious difficulties. The
Zoological Society of London, in recognition of the signal services he has rendered
to science on this and other similar occasions, has awarded him a silver medal, and
certainly no reward was ever more justly merited. The botanical results have already
been published in a paper by Dr. A. B. Rendle and others, which appeared in the
‘Journal of the Linnean Society: Botany,’ vol. xxxviii. pp. 228-279 (January 1908).
The organization and equipment of this large Expedition took many months to
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—PREFACE. 3
arrange, and before it had reached its destination and commenced work a number of
the birds peculiar to the region had already been procured and sent to the British
Museum by Mr. F. J. Jackson, C.B., whose nephew, Mr. Geoffrey Archer, paid a short
visit to the north-eastern slopes of Ruwenzori in February 1902.
The Ruwenzori range has now been investigated as completely as is at present possible ;
unfortunately, the western heights, which lie within the Congo territory, had to be
abandoned before they had been properly explored, owing to the hostility of the natives.
The collections formed are among the finest that have ever been sent to the British
Museum, both as regards the number of species and the perfect condition in which
they have reached this country ; and, so far as the birds are concerned, they no doubt
contain the great majority of the species which occur on Ruwenzori.
Some slight idea of what has been done may be gathered from the following list of
the specimens which have been received :—
404 Mammalia. 25 Neuroptera.
2470 Aves. 47 Hymenoptera.
135 Reptilia and Amphibia. 1372 Lepidoptera.
31 Pisces. 130 Hemiptera.
12 Crustacea.
100 Arachnida.
1015 Coleoptera.
33 Orthoptera.
23 Homoptera.
55 Diptera *.
88 Mollusca.
66 Vermes.
A large number of the species were new to science.
Lastly, a very fine collection of dried plants (including many new species) was made.
Numerous growing plants and seeds were also sent home, and are now being cultivated at
the Royal Botanic Gardens at Edinburgh, under the care of Professor I. Bayley Balfour.
The close affinity between the Highland Fauna of Ruwenzori and that of the
Cameroon is a very striking feature of the collection as a whole; and now that the
various groups have been thoroughly worked out, it is evident that a very valuable
addition has been made to our knowledge of the Fauna and Flora of Tropical Africa.
It is in accordance with the traditions of the Zoological Society that the heavy cost
of publishing the zoological results of the Expedition should have been assumed by
that body.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT.
British Museum (Nat. Hist.),
Cromwell Road, London, 8.W.
* « Notes on a Collection of SrpHonaprera from Ruwenzori, Uganda.” By the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild,
M.A., F.LS., FES.
A separate copy of this paper, which appeared in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, (2) xix.
pp. 76-79, pl. i. (1908), has been forwarded by the author. It was unfortunately received too late to be
incorporated in the body of this work.
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RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
2. ITINERARY.
Octroser 1905 to NovemMBeER 1906.
By R. B. Woosnam.
Received and read November 17, 1908.
[Text-figures 1 & 2.|
Leaving England on October the 8th, 1905, by one of the German East African Company’s
boats, the Expedition landed at Mombasa on November the 6th. All the supplies
and most of the camp-equipment, collecting-boxes, and other impedimenta had been
dispatched by a previous boat to the care of Messrs. Smith, Mackenzie, and Co., who
had sent them off on their way up country. The Expedition was thus able to proceed
without delay by the first train to Kisumu on Victoria Nyanza and thence, by one of
the excellent steamers which have lately been built upon the lake, to Entebbe, the
whole journey from Mombasa taking three days, whereas, before the construction of
the Uganda Railway, it was a long and difficult march of three months. During the
few days spent at Mombasa much kind advice and assistance were obtained from
Mr. F. J. Jackson, C.B., C.M.G., at that time Acting Commissioner of the Kast Africa
Protectorate, and his wide experience of Uganda enabled him to supply the members
of the Expedition with valuable information upon many points.
At Entebbe a serious delay of twelve days was caused by the non-arrival of the
truck-load of supplies and camp-equipment, which had been sent off from Mombasa
a fortnight earlier, and which we were assured would be waiting for us. Telegrams
having been dispatched to all possible sources of information, news was at last obtained
that the missing truck had been delayed at Nairobi and that it would be forwarded
at the first opportunity. The fortnight’s stay at Entebbe, though an annoying loss
of time, passed pleasantly enough for the members of the Expedition. A little
collecting was done and a memorable day’s expedition was made on the lake in canoes,
resultimg in the death of several crocodiles and a hippopotamus.
The long war-canoes of Victoria Nyanza, holding 40 paddlers, are quite worthy of
note. They are made of long thin planks, each of which is hewn from a single tree-
trunk. As no saw or similar tool is used only one plank can be made from each tree,
and the whole trunk has to be cut away in small chips on either side till only the
plank remains. The planks are sewn together with grass or strips of fibre, one
forming the bottom and two or more the sides of a light strong craft, which is capable
6 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Text-fig. 1.
3)
CENTRAL AFRICA
Rovtes of the
| “BRITISH MUSEUM EXPEDITION”
TO
RUWENZORI ann tae LAKE REGION
5 wo
‘ = P i
E
7 o 8 a
PZ a 4
ee ee
cai (i
es
Map oF RuweEnzort AnD THE LAxn Rueron.
(Reproduced from part of Major R. G. Bright’s Survey, by the kind permission of the Colonial Office and
that of the Royal Geographical Society.)
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 7
of being driven through the water at a great pace by a well-trained crew. Canoes of
a similar pattern are often used on Lake Edward, but not on the Congo River, where
they are all of the “ dug-out ” type.
In the neighbourhood of Entebbe, the absence of ducks on Victoria Nyanza was
remarkable, and all the herons, egrets, cormorants, and other water-birds were always
to be seen perched upon trees: possibly the presence of numbers of crocodiles may
account for this.
Professor Minchin, F.Z.S., kindly allowed the members of the expedition to visit the
laboratory of the Sleeping Sickness Commission, where investigations of great interest
and of vast importance to Uganda were being carried out.
Before leaving Entebbe, the discovery was made, at the eleventh hour, that
Ruwenzori and all the country about the foot of the mountains was a “ game-reserve,”
in which no shooting of any kind was permitted, but, after application had been made
to the Commissioner of the Uganda Protectorate, special permission to collect was
granted to the members of the Expedition.
In arranging the caravan for the march from Entebbe to Ruwenzori, much valuable
help was given by the Collector, Mr. J. Martin, and the Assistant Collector,
Major Treffry.
When, at last, all preparations were complete, a start was made from Entebbe on
November the 23rd, and Fort Portal, the Government post near the western border of
the Uganda Protectorate, was reached on December the 13th. From there a march
of four days brought us to the small village of Bihunga, where the first base-camp
was formed at an altitude of about 6500 feet, in the valley of the Mubuku River, along
which lies the only known route to the snows on the eastern side of Ruwenzori.
The march from Entebbe is extremely uninteresting and monotonous. The country
is undulating, almost hilly in places, covered with dense elephant-grass from 12 to 14
feet high and broken stretches of shorter spear-grass intermixed with mimosa bushes.
Here and there great masses of granite-like rock protrude on the crests of the ridges
where rain has washed away the soil. Guinea-fowls were sometimes to be seen on
these rocky ridges, but usually succeeded in baffling their pursuers by escaping into
the thick grass. Francolins were often heard calling in the evenings, but without
a dog there was little chance of flushing them. The bottoms of the valleys were
swampy and more thickly wooded with dark-leaved trees, or sometimes, in the larger
valleys, there was a broad expanse of waving papyrus-swamp, but the road was
generally shut in on both sides by the tall elephant-grass, which effectually excludes
all view of the surrounding country. The march from Entebbe took longer than was
anticipated, owing to the caravan being rather long and hampered by several awkward
loads: with a small caravan the distance of about 170 miles to Fort Portal can be
traversed in ten days. Porters are the only, but are not an ideal, means of transport ;
if the number is over 30 or 40 they are a continual source of trouble to feed, and
are becoming more expensive and more difficult to obtain every year.
8 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Fort Portal is the seat of Government of the kingdom of Toro, and it promises to
develop into a town of some importance in the future. The district is very healthy—
cows, sheep, and goats thrive well; beans, sweet-potatoes, bananas, and maize are
largely grown ; and cotton and coffee are being tried with some success. In the event
of the gold-mines at Kilo, just over the Congo border, proving rich, a good deal of the
traffic will go through Fort Portal.
The Church Missionary Society has a large and important station at Fort Portal,
under the care of Mr. H. E. Maddox, who has a thorough knowledge of the natives and
their language: to him the Expedition was greatly indebted for help and advice
and also for information derived from his experience of previous journeys to Ruwenzori.
There is a well-organized hospital for natives, where some excellent work is being done,
and a large brick church is now in process of construction. There is also a large
station of French Roman Catholic Fathers close at hand.
Between the two Mission stations, upon the summit of the highest ridge of Fort
Portal, stands the “‘ Palace’ of Kasagama, the King of Toro.
Fort Portal is the headquarters of the Sub-Commissioner of the Western Province
of the Uganda Protectorate, and also of the Collector of the Toro district, Mr. J. O.
Haldane, to whom the expedition was deeply indebted for continual help and kind
hospitality.
CAMPS.
The first camp on Ruwenzori was formed in the Mubuku Valley on the east side
of the range, at an altitude of 6500 feet, and was occupied for four months. From
this base-camp short expeditions were made up to the higher regions and snows, but
the impenetrable nature of the bamboo- and tree-heath-zones, as well as much of the
forest, coupled with the absence of native paths above 7000 feet, prohibited much
exploration without considerable expense in cutting roads.
From the Mubuku Valley a move was made to the southern end of the range,
where another base-camp, formed at Mokia, at an altitude of about 3400 feet, was
occupied for two months.
The country at the south end of Ruwenzori forms a great contrast to the dense
elephant-grass and damp tropical valleys of the central part of the range. Here there
is a distinct lack of moisture; short grass, euphorbia and acacia trees form a
welcome change. On the plain, at the foot of the hills, there are several small
crater-lakes of salt water, and deep dry ravines with precipitous sides extend from the
mountains for some distance on to the plain. This dry country extends round the
south of Ruwenzori and down the Semliki Valley as far as the Lume River. From
that point to Fort Beni the road passes over open undulating plains covered with
spear-grass and interspersed with many tall Borassus palms. From Fort Beni nearly
to the north end of Ruwenzori the Semliki Vailey is overspread by the Eturi Forest,
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 0)
which extends on to the lower slopes of the mountains. ‘This part of the Semliki
Valley and Ruwenzori is almost unexplored; but at the time of our visit the tribes
dwelling there had rebelled against Congolese authority and we were unable to enter it.
There is no doubt that cannibalism is still practised in this district, and also by the
Baambas on the north-western slopes of Ruwenzori. Between Lake Edward and
Fort Beni the Semliki is a shallow sluggish river, but below the Fort, shortly after
the river enters the forest, there is a dangerous rapid and probably there are more lower
down. It is a noteworthy fact that no crocodiles were seen nor were any traces of
them found either in Lake Edward or in the upper part of the Semliki above the
rapids, and the natives assert that they do not exist there. In Lake Albert and
the lower part of the Semliki crocodiles abound and are always to be seen, as also
in Lake Tanganyika and the Congo rivers. It seems very curious that there should be
no crocodiles in Lake Edward: the rapids on the Upper Semliki certainly do not
explain their absence.
From the camp at Mokia another move was made round into Congolese territory,
with the intention of making a third camp on the west side of the range, in a
position corresponding to the first camp in the Mubuku Valley. A suitable camping-
place was found in the Butagu Valley at an altitude of a little over 7000 feet;
but, owing to the rebellious state of the tribes at the foot of the mountains, it was only
occupied for three days. Matters then became so unpleasant that collecting was out
of the question and the Expedition was compelled to beat a hasty retreat to Fort
Beni, the Congolese Post on the Semliki River. This was a great disappointment, as
no systematic collecting had been done in the district which lies on the west side of
Ruwenzori between the Butagu Valley and the north end of the range. The Butagu
is the largest valley on the west side and leads directly to the snows, but the river has
not so great a volume of water as the Mubuku on the east side. From Fort Bem
a hurried march was made through the forest to Irumu, on the Eturi River, by an
entirely unused road on the west of the Semliki Valley, where no inhabited villages
were seen, and where no food for carriers was obtainable for nearly 100 miles. This
is probably one of the most uninhabited parts of the whole Eturi Forest, and the
number of elephants and buffaloes which frequent it is extraordinary. About 6 or 8
miles from Irumu the forest terminates abruptly and its place is taken by an open
rolling country of tall grass with patches of forest in the hollows. From Irumu a
well-used road was followed back to Fort Portal. Shortly after leaving Irumu, the
road passes over low hills which form the watershed of the Nile and Congo rivers and
extend along the west bank of the Semliki to the mountains on the west of Lake
Edward. Camps were formed for a short time in the Luimi (Wimi) Valley and at the
north end of the range. Subsequently the Expedition set out on the return journey
to England, travelling through the Congo Forest to Boma on the west coast. At the
present day this is an easy journey to make, provided the sanction and assistance of
VOL. XIX.—PaRT I. No. 2.—October, 1909. Cc
10 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
the authorities of the Independent State of the Congo have been obtained. From Fort
Portal we returned to Irumu, by the same road previously traversed, and thence a march
of eleven days along a well-kept path through the forest brought us to Mawambi, the
next Congolese post. Here it was necessary to engage fresh carriers for the march
of eight days to Avakubi on the Aruwimi River. On the Aruwimi dug-out native
canoes are used for all transport, and with these we continued our journey down
to Basoko, where the Aruwimi joins the Congo. There are many dangerous rapids
on the Aruwimi and at each it was necessary to unload the canoes, which were then
taken down the rapids by expert canoe-men, while the baggage was carried round to
the smooth water below by the women. ‘The latter do all the work of carriers in the
Aruwimi district, the men working only in the canoes.
At Basoko we said good-bye to the canoes and canoe-men, but not without regret,
and embarked in the steam-boats which now run regularly up and down the Congo.
From Basoko ten days brought us to Leopoldville at the head of the rapids, and the
remaining journey of two days to the coast was made by railway.
During the whole of our journey through Congolese territory we received the greatest
kindness and hospitality from the officials of the Independent State, and every possible
assistance was given and consideration shown to the members of the Expedition.
GENERAL FEATURES OF RUWENZORI.
On the journey from Entebbe, as Toro was approached, a sharp look-out was kept
for the first glimpse of the “ Mountains of the Moon,” but it was not until we were
within two days’ march of Fort Portal that we were rewarded with a sight of them. At
dawn on the morning of December the 15th, from a camp called Butiti, about 30 miles
from the foot of the mountains, we obtained our first and only view of the entire
range absolutely clear of clouds. A great mass of dark blue mountains lay spread
out before us in the form of a long ridge culminating near the middle in a group of
high snow-clad peaks. Just to the south of the snow a few sharp jagged points of
black rock rose against the sky-line, while towards the north the ridge ran down more
gradually in a long slope nearly to Lake Albert. Dawn was tinging the snow-peaks
with pink, but the gloom of night still hung around the lower slopes and valleys. It
was a magnificent view, yet there was something foreboding and repellent in this rugged
mass of dark mountains which usually wrapped themselves so stubbornly in their
cloak of mist.
Ruwenzori is a mountain-range lying just north of the Equator, and forms a long
ridge between Lakes Albert and Edward. It lies between latitude 0° and 1° N. and
is cut by longitude 30° E. The whole range is about 70 miles long and 30 miles
across the widest part. It does not run due north and south, but rather N.N.East and
5.S.West. The loftiest part of the ridge is formed by a cluster of peaks, the highest
of which attains an altitude of 16,794 feet. The extent of snow is small in proportion
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. ILL
to the length of the range, and an area about 10 miles long by 8 miles broad
contains all the permanent snow.
The slope of the west side of the ridge is very much steeper than that of the east,
and the distance from the foot of the mountains to the watershed is considerably less.
Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot estimated the western slope at an angle of 22° and the eastern
slope at 4°.
At the south end two long narrow spurs project from the main mass into the Lake
Edward plain, reaching almost to the shore of the lake. At the north end the lower
slopes gradually subside into the high country of over 5000 feet which surrounds
Fort Portal, and continues along the east side of Lake Albert ; but the main ridge,
which is quite narrow at this point, extends into the Semliki Valley, nearly to Lake
Albert.
The permanent snow-line on the east side is 14,500 feet; on the west side it is
probably lower, owing to the fact that the latter is more protected from the sun’s
rays than the east. Unfortunately the snow-line on the west side was not actually
attained, although two members of the party climbed to an altitude of 11,000 feet,
and would undoubtedly have reached the snow had they not been suddenly compelled
to return on account of a native disturbance below.
Above 6000 feet the temperature on Ruwenzori never rises very high nor does it
fall very low at the summit. At an elevation of 6500 feet in the Mubuku Valley the
maximum and minimum Fahrenheit observed during four months averaged max. 74°-04,
min. 58°16; at 12,500 feet the maximum and minimum observed were max. 51°,
min. 36°; once in the early morning at 10,000 feet the vegetation was white with
frost. Above the snow-line the temperatures observed by H.R.H. the Duke of the
- Abruzzi were max. 43°, min. 26°.
The rainfall and moisture on the mountain above 5000 feet are excessive, and
during 118 days spent in the Mubuku Valley rain fell on 78 days. The dry and wet
seasons on the mountains and in the Toro district are as follows :—
The dry season continues from the last week of December to the middle of
February ; this does not mean that there is no rain then, but that there is less than
at other times. From the middle of February till May and sometimes till June there
is rain, but it is not excessive. June, July, and August are generally fine and fairly
dry with only a little rain, but they are seldom so dry as January, and sometimes during
June there is a very heavy rainfall. From September to the middle of December the
rainfall is very great, November and December being the wettest months of all.
There is a very marked contrast between the climate of the south and the central
portion of the range. At the south end the rainfall is much less, and the vegetation,
as already stated, consists of short grass and acacia trees, the whole district having an
arid appearance, much like parts of South Africa. The same conditions occur at the
north end, but not to such a marked degree as at the south.
c2
12 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
THE CLOUD.
One of the most characteristic and at the same time most objectionable features of
Ruwenzori is the ever-present cloud, which forms every morning and veils the upper
regions in gloom and moisture. It disappears almost as regularly every evening at
sunset, the mountains being nearly always clear of cloud during the night. Looking
down from the heights in the early morning, the clouds may be seen forming into
a bank which gradually rises and drifts up the mountain-side, all the while receiving
reinforcements from the hot damp atmosphere below. By about 10 a.m. all signs of
snow-capped mountains are blotted out and from below travellers can see nothing but
a great bank of clouds apparently resting upon a high ridge. This is the real reason
why Ruwenzori remained undiscovered for so long, although several travellers had
approached within sight of it before its actual discovery by Sir Henry Stanley in 1888.
When first the cloud is seen drifting silently up on to the mountain it is an interesting
and curious phenomenon, and the stranger comes running out of his tent lest it should
pass before he has seen it; but after a time, when familiarity has bred contempt, one
begins to dread and hate this silent extinguisher of sunlight and joy that casts a
gloom and stillness over the land which a few moments before was filled with life and
the songs of birds.
Fortunately it is seldom that the cloud forms below 8500 or 9000 feet, but when
it does it brings a chilling and depressing sensation that is difficult to withstand,
and in a house or tent it is sometimes necessary to light candles to enable one to read
or work.
GLACIERS.
The glaciers and snow-fields of Ruwenzori are only insignificant remains of what
they were during an earlier epoch, when the valleys leading from the higher parts of
the range were probably all occupied by larger or smaller glaciers.
Undoubtedly the Mubuku Glacier, which now terminates at 13,690 feet, extended
much farther down the valley in former times, probably to below the Bihunga village
at 6500 feet. Unmistakable strie and many great ‘“‘ perched blocks” may be seen
scattered far down the valley.
The ascent of the Mubuku Valley is made in a curious succession of broad flat steps.
The first at 10,000 feet must be more than a mile long and three or four hundred
yards broad; then there is a steep climb up an almost perpendicular cliff to an
altitude of nearly 11,000 feet, then another extent of flat valley, followed by a climb,
and again a broad flat step at 12,000 feet, and another below the glacier at about
12,800 feet. The bottom of the valley and especially these flat steps are so deeply
buried in peaty bog, the rotten vegetation of ages, that the old surface is completely
hidden and few traces can now be seen of terminal moraines.
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 13
VALLEYS VISITED.
The valleys visited by the expedition were the Mubuku and Luimi (Wimi) on the
east side; a smaller valley, the Muhokya (Mokia), near the south end; and the
Butagu on the west side. From the last-named we were obliged to beat a hasty
retreat immediately after entering it. The Mubuku, Nyamwamba, Butagu, Russirubi,
and Luimi are the largest and most important valleys of the range, although there are
of course numerous smaller ones. Of these five large valleys, only the first four lead
directly to the snow.
The streams flowing from the higher parts of Ruwenzori are all cold and clear, very
slightly tinged with brown from the bogs in the higher valleys, and carry many little
specks of glittering mica. On the plains at the foot of the mountains, where they
cease to be foaming torrents, they resemble the most perfect trout-streams an angler
could desire; and if trout were turned into them they might prove to be so in reality,
for they contain an abundance of food and a plentiful supply of cool water.
The smaller streams are not so clear and carry large quantities of fine sand and
mica in suspension. In the Luimi Valley there are hot springs rising actually in the
bed of the river at an altitude of 6000 feet. Where they bubble up the water is
almost boiling and there is a strong smell of sulphur, the rocks being thickly coated
with a bright brick-red deposit of iron. ‘There are also hot springs at the north end
of the range, and the natives have great faith in them for curing all manner of diseases
and wounds.
In the Mubuku Valley there is a beautiful waterfall at 10,000 feet, and in the
Luimi Valley there is also a small fall at about 7000 feet, but it is insignificant in
comparison with the Mubuku fall. In the Mubuku Valley between two of the snow-
covered ridges, at about 14,200 feet, there is a pass, named the Freshfield Pass by
H.R.H. the Duke of the Abruzzi. This would enable natives and animals to move
from one side of the mountains to the other, but being far above the forest, almost on
the limit of vegetation, itis never used. ‘The natives prefer one at an altitude of about
10,000 feet, which crosses the ridge a little to the north of the Luimi Valley. Several
small streams from the north end unite at the foot of the mountains and form the
Mpanga River, which flows southwards and finds its way into Lake George (Ruisamba).
DIVISIONS OF RUWENZORI.
For the purpose of describing the distribution and range of the mammals and birds
of Ruwenzori, the mountain may be divided into the following zones of vegetation
running concentrically round the ridge in belts, which can be most clearly shown in a
diagram (text-fig. 2, p.15.), The boundaries of these zones on the west side are not so
well defined as on the east and come lower down. ‘This may be accounted for partly
by the more humid climate on the west side and partly by the cloud-bank which
intervenes before the sun has reached the western slopes.
14 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Table of Zones.
( 16,816 » )
16,000 \ Snow and bare rock. | NO ey ae
| 15,000 { 16,794-14,500. (Oe eed a
worms.
| 14,500 J )
14,000 | )
| 13,500 | Senecios and Lobelias.
| 13,000 ( 14,500-12,500.
Almost always enveloped | |
in cloud during the day- 4 12,500 J
time. | 12,000 \
|
11,500 Tree-Heaths la Little animai-life.
| 11,000 \ and Moss.
| 10,500 12,500-10,000. |
| 10,000
9500.)
| Bamboos.
| 808d 10,000-8500. J
8500 J \
8000 >
7500 . Forest.
7000 8500-6500. |
|
6500 _ e Abundant animal-life.
6000 \ |
00 |
S Grass.
4000 |
3000 J J
These divisions must not be taken as hard-and-fast lines of difference, for the edges
of the zones necessarily merge gradually one into another. Examples of the
characteristic vegetation of one zone may often be seen in the middle of the next, and
there is always a difference between the altitudes of the zones as observed in valleys or
on exposed ridges. Again, it must not be thought that the particular plants named
constitute the sole vegetation of the zones; they are merely taken as the most
conspicuous and characteristic species of certain altitudes. It was most unfortunate
and disappointing that the Expedition was prevented from making systematic collec-
tions on the west side; there is so little material from that locality that a comparison
of the two sides is at present impossible. Although only a few of the birds were
obtained on the west side, we saw and heard enough to enable us to say that all or
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 15
nearly all the species which inhabit the east side above 6500 ft. are to be found also
on the west.
Many mammals known from the east side were also identified on the west, and it will
probably be found, when sufficient material has been obtained, that the fauna above
6500 ft. is almost identical on both sides of the range. ‘This is true also of the flora in
Text-fig. 2.
|
16815 FT
14500 of eS |
SENECIOS i
12500 FT LOBELIAS 12500 FT
SEMLIKI
VALLEY
2500 FT
DIAGRAM OF THE RUWENZORI RANGE (VIEWED FROM THE SOUTH), SHOWING
THE SEQUENCE OF ZONES OF VEGETATION, AND THE WAY IN WHICH THE
LIMITS OF THE ZONES ARE LOWER UPON THE WEST.
(Reproduced by permission of the Royal Geographical Society.)
general, but, from the hurried observations we were able to make, we were of the
opinion that there are several plants on the west which are not found on the east side.
Beginning at the base and working up the slopes of the range, we find the following
zones :—
A. Tue Grass-Zone (from 3000 to 6500 feet).
Except in its north-eastern quarter, where the slopes merge into the highlands of
Toro at an altitude of about 5000 feet, Ruwenzori rises abruptly from the plains
of Lakes George and Edward and the Semliki Valley, that is, from an altitude of
about 3000 ft. These plains, with the exception of that part of the Semliki Valley
where an eastward extension of the Eturi Forest becomes continuous with the Ruwen-
zori Forest, are covered with short grass and scattered trees of euphorbia and acacia,
the typical “ park-like” country of Central and Southern Africa. Short grass and
bushes characterize the slopes to a height of about 5000 feet, where the zone of
16 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
elephant-grass begins. Small patches of forest, especially along the banks of the
streams, are found in this zone, and a good deal of native-cultivation is seen. The
elephant-grass extends to a height of 6500 feet, where the forest begins.
B. THe Forest-Zone (from 6500 to 8500 feet).
On a clear day when the cloud rests upon the higher part of the ridge, leaving that
part below 10,000 ft. exposed, an instructive view can be obtained from Fort Portal.
The forest-belt appears as a well-defined dark band running the whole length of the
ridge without a break, but diminishing in breadth towards the north end until, at the
point where it disappears over the ridge, it is only a narrow strip about 100 yards wide
and a good deal mixed with bamboo.
As one approaches the forest from below, it appears impenetrable, for the bushes
and lower part of the trees along the edge are overgrown with such a mass of tangled
creepers and rank undergrowth that further progress seems impossible without cutting
a way through or following one of the few native paths. Fortunately this only exists
along the lower edge, especially round the native-clearings. Once inside the forest it
is possible to walk in any direction, and only here and there is one stopped by an
impenetrable tangle of undergrowth. Throughout a considerable part of the forest
the surface of the ground is covered with ferns, through which one may walk with
comparative ease, and in some of the valleys patches of magnificent tree-ferns flourish.
In the lower parts of the forest there are many great rope-like creepers hanging from
the trees—in fact, the lower margin of the forest-zone, especially in the valleys, is almost
as tropical in appearance as the forests of Uganda and the Congo. Above 7000 ft.
many of the tropical forms vanish, and species of mammals and birds known only
from Ruwenzori begin to appear. At about 6500 ft. one first meets with lobelias
(Lobelia giberroa), which form such a conspicuous feature of the higher altitudes. The
majority of the trees are less than 2 ft. in diameter, except in the lower valleys, where
some fine trees are seen, notably Symphonia globulifera and Pseudocedreta utilis, the
latter attaining a great size and being a valuable timber-tree. The single species of
conifer, Podocarpus milanjiana, which is found on Ruwenzori, appears first at about
7500 ft., but is most plentiful where the forest joins the bamboo-zone.
In many places the lower margin of the forest has been cut back several hundred
feet by the natives in clearing the ground for cultivation. These old spaces when
left disused become thickly overgrown with rough grass, shrubs, scented herbs, and
thistles, and are favourite places for birds, especially for all the smaller Finches.
The lower margin of the forest-belt at 7000 ft. marks, as a rule, the limit of human
habitations, but in the Luimi (Wimi) Valley there is a village in a large clearing in
the middle of the forest at 8000 ft. This, however, was the only instance observed of
natives living much above the lower forest-line, though most of the large open spaces
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. ile)
covered with fern (bracken), which are to be seen in the lower parts of the forest, are
probably old sites of cultivation.
The following is a list of the mammals and birds known to frequent the forest-zone,
but many of them are also to be found outside it :—
Forest-Zone (6500 to 8500 feet).
MAMMALS.
Anthropopithecus troglodytes.
Colobus ruwenzorii.
Cercopithecus leucampyx stuhlmanni.
Rousettus angolensis.
Epomophorus, sp. inc.
Pipistrellus nanus.
Crocidura nyanzz.
ss niobe.
Sylvisorex lunaris.
Chrysochloris stuhlmanni.
Felis pardus ruwenzorii.
Genetta stuhlmanni.
35 bettoni.
Mungos sanguineus proteus.
Sciurus ruwenzoril.
Funisciurus boehmi emini.
op carruthersi.
BIrps.
Serinus graueri.
Parus fasciiventris.
Dryoscopus holomelas.
Bradypterus barakee.
o cinnamomeus.
Apalis personata.
>> Yruwenzoril.
Geocichla piagge.
Turdus abyssinicus.
Alethe poliothorax.
» poliophrys.
Turdinus pyrrhopterus.
VOL. XIX.—PART I. No. 3.—October, 1909.
Graphiurus soleatus.
Otomys denti.
Dendromus insignis.
Mus ugande.
», jacksoni montis.
> denniz.
», univittatus lunaris.
Leggada bufo.
Thamnomys venustus.
(Enomys bacchante editus.
Cricetomys gambianus.
Lophuromys aquilus.
we woosnaml.
Dasymys medius.
Arvicanthis massaicus.
Potamocheerus cheeropotamus.
Cephalophus rubidus.
Turdinus atriceps.
Xenocichla kikuyuensis.
Andropadus latirostris.
Graucalus czsius.
Tarsiger ruwenzori.
Batis diops.
Trochocercus albonotatus.
Cryptolopha leta.
Mesopicus ruwenzori.
Turacus emini.
Haplopelia jacksoni.
Francolinus, sp. ine.
18 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
C. Tue BamBoo-Zone (8500 to 10,000 feet).
The bamboo-zone, which begins at the upper limit of the forest-zone, may be said to
extend from 8500 to 10,000 ft. on the east side, and from 7000 to 8500 or 9000 ft. on
the west side of the range.
A bamboo-jungle requires little description. From a distance it appears light-
coloured in comparison with the forest and uniformly smooth, and it might be easily
mistaken for undulating ridges covered with short grass, while in reality the bamboos
are 30 ft. high and 3 to 4 inches in diameter. Where the bamboo-jungle is unmixed
with forest it is impenetrable without cutting a path, for the dead bamboos
lying across the growing stems make a most effectual barricade. In the densest
parts practically no vegetation grows beneath the bamboos, except mosses and
lichens, and the ground is thickly carpeted with the long thin yellow or whitish
leaves. Here and there throughout the bamboo-zone long strips and clumps of
tall conifers (Podocarpus milanjiana) may be seen on the tops of the ridges, especially
along the lower parts of the zone. In these dense jungles there is little or no life
to be seen, the birds preferring the more open parts, and the mammals, with the
exception of monkeys and chimpanzees, finding no food to attract them. ‘These
latter frequent the bamboo-zone in search of the young shoots, and traces of
chimpanzees were found as high as 10,000 ft.
In the valleys, along the banks of the streams, thin patches of forest may be seen
here and there as high as 10,000 ft. It is in places of this kind that several species
of birds, which really belong to the forest below, are occasionally found and are thus
sometimes to be met with in the bamboo-zone. On the south side of the Mubuku
Valley at an altitude of 9900 ft., in the thickest part of the bamboo, there is a small
lake, but the only birds seen upon it were some Grebes and Green Sandpipers, the latter
(Totanus ochropus) were also seen on the Mubuku River as high as 11,000 ft. A
few Black Ducks (Anas sparsa) were seen in the Mubuku Valley up to 12,000 ft., and
were observed to be breeding in a broad swampy part of the river at 10,000 ft.
So far as we could ascertain, no mammals are confined to this zone, and the only
bird which is more or less peculiar to it is Johnston’s Touraco (Gallirex johnstoni), the
chief habitat of which is among the lower bamboo and Podocarpus-trees.
The following is a list of the mammals and birds which are known to inhabit the
Bamboo-zone :—
Bamboo-Zone (8500 to 10,000 feet).
5 granti. Dasymys medius.
MamMALs.
Anthropopithecus troglodytes. | Otomys denti.
Myosorex blarina. | Mus denniz.
Sylvisorex lunaris. | Lophuromys aquilus.
|
Chrysochloris stuhlmanni.
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 19
Birbs.
Sitagra aliena. | Turdinus pyrrhopterus.
Serinus graueri. | a atriceps.
Cinnyris regius. | Xenocichla kikuyuensis.
Zosterops jackson. | Andropadus latirostris.
Parus fascliventris. | Alseonax pumilus.
Dryoscopus holomelas. | Tarsiger ruwenzori.
Bradypterus barake. | Chloropeta kenya.
5 cinnamomeus. Trochecercus albonotatus.
Apalis personata. Cryptolopha leta.
> ruwenzoril. | Mesopicus ruwenzori.
Geocichla piaggze. | Gallirex johnstoni.
Turdus abyssinicus. Haplopelia jacksoni.
Cossypha archeri. | Columba arquatrix.
Alethe poliophrys. | Francolinus, sp. inc.
D. Tue Tree-Heatu- and Moss-Zonz (10,000 to 12,500 feet).
In this zone may be seen perhaps the most weird scenery of all. The trunks and
branches of the heath-trees, wrapped in their thick masses of moss, on which grow
luxuriant ferns, present all manner of curious and grotesque forms. The trees them-
selves are 30 to 40 feet high and lean at all angles, as if weighed down by their burdens
of wet moss. Generations of dead ancestors lying across one another upon the ground,
and covered over with a soft treacherous layer of moss a foot or more in depth, make
the walking both difficult and dangerous. One may easily take a false step into a hole
6 or 8 feet in depth between two trunks ; and these fallen trees are not soft rotten wood,
but are well preserved and hard as steel, with many dangerous sharp points where the
boughs have been broken off. It is truly wonderful how the Bakonjo porters (the
tribe inhabiting the lower slopes of the mountain) carry the loads over these slippery
tree-trunks, with intervening morasses of black mud 2 or 3 feet in depth, for they never
drop a load and get along at a good pace.
The best idea of the scenery of the moss- and heath-zone is obtained by picturing a
wood of large birch-trees, upon which an abnormally heavy fall of snow has descended
without a breath of wind to disturb it as it settles, so that it rests in great masses
along the trunks and boughs and hangs in curiously-shaped lumps among the more
slender branches. The moss on the giant heath looks much like this, but the masses on
the trees and stumps are larger; the moss, too, is of many beautiful shades of colour—
green, brown, yellow, pink, sometimes almost white, and many shades of red, all
blending together into a perfectly harmonious and warm tint of reddish-brown. The
soft beds of moss look comfortable and most inviting to sit upon, but a disappointment
p2
20 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
awaits one should the invitation be accepted, for the moss is like a sponge full of water
and moisture drips from the trees above. Long wisps of grey and straw-coloured lichen
swinging gently in the breeze give a look of great antiquity to the scene.
Very few mammals inhabited the wet and gloomy regions between 9000 ft. and the
summit. The only species which existed in any numbers were Otomys dartmouthi and
Dasymys montanus, which were extraordinarily numerous from 12,000 to 13,500 ft.,
and the Hyrax (Procavia ruwenzorii), which was plentiful from 10,000 to 12,000 ft.,
but was not found lower down.
This is the real home of the Alpine Flycatcher (Cryptolopha alpina), and it is far
more numerous than any other species of bird found in this zone. The male utters
a short melodious song, not unlike that of the Willow-Wren, a bird which it closely
resembles in its habits.
In this zone is found Stuhlmann’s Sun-bird (Cinnyris stuhlmanni), a bird with a
remarkably restricted range, for the species is entirely confined to a belt between
10,000 and 11,000 ft., and is by no means common. It is perhaps most plentiful just
on the border of the bamboo and tree-heaths, where the two zones intermingle,
and on this account it may sometimes be met with a little lower down, but never above
11,000 ft.
The difficulty of working the high cold regions prevented much trapping, and the
list of animals which can be given as inhabiting the tree-heath-zone only includes :—
Tree-Heath- and Moss-Zone (10,000 to 12,500 feet).
MamMats.
Rousettus lanosus. Otomys dartmouthi.
Myosorex blarina. Mus denniz.
Crocidura fumosa montis. Lophuromys aquilus.
Sylvisorex lunaris. Dasymys montanus.
Chrysochloris stuhlmanni. Procavia ruwenzorii.
Felis pardus ruwenzorii. Cephalophus rubidus.
y> serval ?
Birps.
Corvultur albicollis. Turdus abyssinicus.
Cinnamopterus tenuirostris. Cossypha archeri.
Serinus graueri. Tarsiger ruwenzori.
Cinnyris stuhlmanni. Cryptolopha alpina.
Parus fasciiventris, Swift, small (not obtained).
Bradypterus cinnamomeus. Buteo auguralis.
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 21
E. Tue SENecto- and Lopenia-Zone (12,500 to 14,500 feet).
At an altitude of about 12,500 ft. the tree-heaths almost disappear and senecios
and lobelias, which appeared at a lower level, are the most prominent feature
of the vegetation. Lobelia deckenti is found abundantly in the level swamps up to
13,000 ft., and L. stwhlmanni, which appeared first at 10,000 ft., is replaced at
12,000 ft. by LZ. wollastoni, which flourishes on the mountain-slopes up to 14,000 ft.
In the level places the ground is a swamp covered by moss, rushes (Luzula
johnstont), and lobelias. On the slopes bushes of helichrysum grow amongst the
lobelias, and beneath the moss is black mud a foot or more in depth.
Two Shrews (Crocidura fumosa montis and Sylvisorex lunaris) were caught on the
swampy ground below the glacier, near the source of the Mubuku, at an altitude of
about 12,800 ft., and a small animal, probably one of these Shrews, was seen at an
altitude of 14,200 ft.
A few large Fruit-Bats (Rousettus lanosus) inhabited the caves and cliffs at 12,500 ft.,
but apparently they did not feed so high up and always flew down the valley in the
evening. No other Bats were seen above 10,000 ft.
Several specimens of a Mouse (Lophuromys aquilus) were caught at about 12,000 ft.,
and they were plentiful in the swampy ground at 10,000 ft. A few specimens of Mus
dennie were caught in the rock-shelters at 12,500 and 10,000 ft.
Otomys dartmouthi and Dasymys montanus are extraordinarily numerous in this zone,
and their runs were to be seen in all directions through the deep moss; but in spite of
their numbers they were very difficult to catch, for they would take nothing that was
offered to them as a bait, and the majority of the specimens obtained were caught by
traps set in the runs. They appeared to be feeding upon rushes, mosses, and ever-
lasting flowers, and refused the fresh beans, cheese, or bread offered to them, though a
few were caught with a bait of oatmeal. Apparently both these species occur as high
as 14,000 ft., as was proved by their numerous runs, but unfortunately none were
caught in the traps set at that altitude.
Leopards wander up to the snow-line, but it is difficult to ascertain whether any
live permanently high up on the mountains above 10,000 ft. Certain it is that
under one of the numerous overhanging ledges of rock at 12,500 ft. there was a dry
shelter in which a Leopard had evidently reared a litter of cubs, but there is still the
question of food. Even supposing that small antelopes go up to 12,000 ft., though it
is unlikely that they are found above 10,000 ft., the highest altitude at which any were
seen, there would hardly be sufficient numbers to attract Leopards. In a Leopard’s
droppings at 12,000 ft. the hoof of a Red Duiker (probably Cephalophus rubidus) was
found, but the animal was doubtless eaten lower down. Leopards living high up
might, of course, become expert in the art of catching Hyrax, and might then acquire
a liking for their flesh, and this seems their only possible means of subsistence.
22 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
One is, however, inclined to think that the Leopards of which traces were seen on
the path to the snows in the Mubuku Valley were visitors from the foot of the
mountains and not residents at high altitudes.
Under many of the overhanging cliffs and in caves at 12,000 and 13,000 ft. traces of
some large cat, probably a Serval, were found. It was preying on the Hyrax, but
although traps were set in the most likely places, none of our party was lucky enough
to catch one.
The examples of Hyrax (Procavia ruwenzorit) obtained on the mountain were found
from 10,000 ft. up to 14,300 ft. At lower elevations, where the rock is exposed on
the surface, forming cliffs and cracks, the Hyrax may also be found, but no traces of
them were seen below 10,000 ft. in the regions visited by the Expedition. ‘They
were most plentiful at an elevation of from 10,000 to 11,000 ft.
A species of Buzzard and a little Hawk which looked much like a Common Hobby
were seen at 12,500 ft., but specimens were not procured.
No Owls were seen or heard above 9000 ft.
This is the home of the gorgeous Sun-bird Nectarinia dartmouthi, and in the
early morning, when the sun sometimes shines for an hour or two, the country seems
alive with the beautiful green males and the more sombrely clad females. ‘They are
not so conspicuous in dark misty weather, but the short bright song of the male may
often be heard in spite of mist and rain. They are extremely plentiful in this zone, but
are absolutely confined to it, none being ever found below 12,500 ft.
The only other bird which was at all numerous in this zone was the large Swift
(Cypselus maximus), which nests in colonies in the higher cliffs up to 14,000 ft.
The Abyssinian Thrush (Turdus abyssinicus) was seen above 14,000 ft., but probably
does not breed above 13,000 ft.
The White-necked Raven was seen flying about above the snow-line, and a pair had
a nest in a cliff overhanging the camp at 12,500 ft.
The Alpine Flycatcher (Cryptolopha alpina) was found sparingly up to 14,000 ft.,
but this species is far more plentiful among the tree-heaths below 12,500 ft.
A few examples of Rtippell’s Reed-Warbler (Bradypterus cinnamomeus) and
Grauer’s Streaked Seed-eater (Serinus graueri) were seen up here, but they were
probably only stragglers from below,
Senecio- and Lobelia-Zone (12,500 to 14,500 feet).
MAMMALS.
Rousettus lanosus. | Otomys dartmouthi.
Crocidura fumosa montis. | Mus denniz.
Sylvisorex lunaris. | Lophuromys aquilus.
Felis pardus ruwenzorii. Dasymys montanus.
» serval ? Procavia ruwenzoril.
R. B. WOOSNAM—ITINERARY. 2
OQ
Birbs.
Corvultur albicollis. | Turdus abyssinicus.
Serinus graueri. | Cryptolopha alpina.
Nectarinia dartmouthi. | Cypselus maximus.
Bradypterus cinnamomeus.
F. Tur Snow-Zone (14,500 to 16,794 feet).
Permanent snow lies at about 14,500 ft., and, as Ruwenzori is practically on the
Equator, the snow-line is constantly at the same altitude. No Palearctic forms are
found among the mammals and birds, but among the plants there are many alpine
genera. No mammals or birds live above the snow-line. Butterflies, moths, and
diptera were seen on the snow up to 16,000 feet, blown there by the almost constant
wind. On the bare rocks above the snow-line a few worms, lichens, and mosses
were seen.
eat Set
Ss
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ae
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ny
i
Na Py lla
Sully
us
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
3. VERMES. *
By Frank E. Bepparp, V.A., F.RS., F.ZS.
Received April 9, read April 23, 1907.
[Text-figures 3-8. |
Tue following pages relate to a number of species of Eudrilide collected by the
Ruwenzori Expedition which I received from the Natural History Museum through the
kindness of Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. They were collected upon Mt. Ruwenzori along
with a number of other species of Oligocheeta belonging to the genera Benhamia and
Alma. These latter genera have been lately investigated by Signor Cognetti de Martiis +,
upon material collected by H.R.H. the Duke of the Abruzzi from the same locality.
I have therefore limited myself to the description of the Eudrilide, of which specimens
must, I should presume, have been collected by the Italian expedition; but, so far as
I am aware, they have not up to the present been described. All the species are new,
but are referable to genera already defined, which genera are in every case East African
in range.
Suborder OLIGOCH ATA.
POLYTOREUTUS RUWENZORII Beddard.
Polytoreutus ruwenzorti Beddard, P.Z.S. 1907, p. 415.
Of this species the collection contained but a single example, and that in a not very
good state of preservation for dissection. I have, however, been able to ascertain, as I
think without doubt, that the species is new and allied to a small group of species
of this genus of which all the members hitherto known have been described by
Michaelsen {. This group—which includes the species P. kirimaensis, P. usindjaensis,
and P. sylvestris—is limited to the shores of Victoria Nyanza, Albert Nyanza, and the
neighbouring country; and the occurrence therefore of an ally upon Mt. Ruwenzori is
not surprising. ‘The likeness of these four forms is to be seen chiefly in the peculiar
relations of the diverticula of the spermathecal pouch and, in three of them at any
rate §, in the existence of paired copulatory pouches debouching to the exterior on
* Mr. Beddard’s Memoir is reprinted from P. Z.S. 1907, pp. 415-431.
T Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, vol. xxi. notes i. and iii.; vol. xxii. note xiv.
£ “ Regenwiirmer,” in Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, 1896.
§ Apparently not in P. usindjaensis.
VOL. XIX.—PART I. No. 4.—October, 1909. E
26 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
either side, and independent, of the penis The present species, the exact locality
of which within this area I fix by means of its specific name, is represented by a fully
mature example which measures 77 mm. in length by 5-6 mm. in breadth. It is
therefore a rather stout and comparatively short worm.
The setw of Polytoreutus ruwenzorti are disposed like those of other species of the
genus: 7.é. the ventral sete are much wider apart than the lateral sete. ‘The distance
between each seta of the ventral pair is something like three times that which separates
the individual sete of the lateral pair. I have endeavoured to make an exact study of
the distribution of the sete upon the clitellar segments, concerning which there is
some but not exhaustive information, on some other species of the genus already
described ; for this character seems to be one of probably systematic value. On these
segments I could only find one of the two setz of the lateral pair, and the seta present
was the innermost. I ought to mention that these statements depend upon a micro-
scopic examination of the entire cuticle stripped from the body, and not merely upon
an inspection of the entire worm with a lens. The apertures through which the sete
are protruded are so obvious that the failure to find one is strong evidence of its
absence. The ventral sete, on the other hand, were present upon the clitellar segments
with the exception of the xviith, where only the outer seta of the pair was present.
Ventrally the clitellum is not so strongly developed as it is laterally and dorsally,
which facts may be related to the presence or absence of sete.
The clitellum of Polytoreutus ruwenzorit is, like that of Polytoreutus sylvestris and
some, but not all, other species, best developed laterally and dorsally. Ventrally it is
not so well-developed, and here the intersegmental furrows are plainer than they are
laterally. It embraces segments xiii. to xvii., which is the usual extent of the clitellum
in this genus.
The nephridiopores lie in front of the lateral pair of setze, in front of each pair, but
not definitely opposite either of the pair. They commence apparently in the fourth
segment. A notable fact with reference to these pores is that when the cuticle is
stripped off—and I have mapped the pores by this means—a considerable strip of
the (as it would therefore appear) chitinous lining of the duct of the nephridium is also
stripped off and protrudes from each aperture. I have not noticed anything of this
kind in other Oligocheta.
The oviducal pores are quite conspicuous and lie upon the xivth segment behind and
to the outside of the nephridial row and the lateral seta of that segment. The single
male pore is on the border of segments xvii./xviii. and the spermathecal pore behind
it upon the interval xviii./xix.
The internal anatomy of this species, so far as concerns the alimentary and
circulatory organs, seems to agree with that of the next species to be described and
with the members of this genus generally.
The sperm-sacs are like those of Polytoreutus generally (but not P. bettonianus) in
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 27
being exceedingly long, and at their commencement and for a long way back of much
less diameter than they are more posteriorly. The sacs extend for more than
30 segments back from their point of origin. That of the right side is fifteen segments
longer than the shorter sperm-sac of the left side. The difference in length in this
species is more pronounced than in that next to be described. The dilated chambers
at the beginning of the sperm-duct immediately after it leaves the funnel are conspicuous
in this as in the next species. The spermiducal glands are peculiar in form and do not
altogether agree with those of P. sylvestris, to which they appear to come nearer in
structure than to those of other species of the genus Polytoreutus. They agree, however,
with the last-named species in the fact that the duct of the gland instead of emerging,
as is the rule among these worms, from the end of the spermiducal gland, leaves the
gland some little way in front of the proximal end. Each gland is rather bent in form,
but otherwise lies straight. It is of firm consistency, but is not covered with a sheath
of muscle appreciable to the naked eye or through a lens. The slight bending of the
corresponding glands in Polytoreutus sylvestris figured by Michaelsen is rather
exaggerated in the present species; they appear also to be rather longer in P. sylvestris
than in P. rwwenzorvi. Michaelsen does not mention in that species a character which
is very noteworthy in P.ruwenzor. He describes the “prostate”’ glands indeed merely
as being “‘unregelmassig eingeschniirte.” In the specimen of P. ruwenzorii reported
upon here the surface of the gland was much marked by furrows, and the appearance
given was that of a very long gland tightly coiled up with some concrescence between
the individual loops of the coil. ‘There is no indication of anything of the kind in the
figures given by Michaelsen either of P. sylvestris or of its allies. The two copulatory
chambers mentioned by Michaelsen * in P. sylvestris and P. kirimaensis are quite as large
in P. rwwenzortvi as in those species,
As in several species—for example, Polytoreutus kirimaensis f,—the present species
of Polytoreutus is to be characterised by a very slender spermathecal sac which lies
beneath the nerve-cord, than which it is no thicker. It is thus difficult to see, and, as
Michaelsen has remarked, is apt to escape the eye. Particularly was this the case with
the worm described in the present communication. For the contents were very slight
in certain regions of the sac, which rendered it even more difficult of observation.
It is certainly no wider than the nerve-cord, which overlies it. It is largely by virtue
of the different forms which the spermathecal sac shows in this genus that the species
of Polytoreutus are discriminated.
The species which I name Polytoreutus rwwenzorii is quite different in details, so far
as concerns this organ, from any other species of which descriptions have been published.
It comes nearest to Polytoreutus t kirimaensis so far as I can gather, but shows
obvious differences from that species.
* Loe. cit.
7 Michaelsen, “ Die Regenwiirmer Ost-Afrikas,” in Deutsch-Ost-Atrika, vol. iv. 1896, p. 16,
£ Loe. cit. pl. 11. fig. 21.
E2
28 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The median spermathecal sac is slender as in that species and is straight or nearly so
in its course beneath the nerve-cord, not much convoluted as in the allied Polytoreutus
sylvestris*. Anteriorly the sac passes into the fourteenth segment near to the anterior
wall of that segment without any change. Arrived there it ends in two diverticula of
short extent. These diverticula are apparently of much shorter extent than in any of the
species Polytoreutus kirimaensis, P. usindjaensis, and P. sylvestris, whose spermathecal
apparatus is built upon the same plan as that of P. ruwenzorii. Michaelsen, as a matter
of fact, does not differentiate, except in the case of P. usindjaensis, between each
diverticulum and the oviduct with which it becomes continuous, which in fact opens
into it according to my interpretation of these various structures in the genus
Polytoreutus +. In the figure annexed hereto this arrangement is rendered plain. The
Text-fig. 3.
“ye EN |
?
Spermathecal sac of Polytoreutus ruwenzorii.
d. Diverticulum of sac. 0.d. Oviducal pore. 9. Spermathecal pore.
sudden diminution of the cecum of the spermathecal sac (text-fig. 3) where it is
continuous with the oviduct is obvious. Moreover, the oviduct is extremely long as
compared with that of some other species, and is much coiled. Much more so is this
the case with Polytoreutus rwwenzorii than with any of the three species mentioned
as coming nearest to it in respect of the spermathecal sac and its forward diverticula.
But apparently these three species do agree with P. ruwenzorié in having a much longer
oviduct than in many other species of the genus. ‘here is a further point of agreement
between the new species described in the present paper and the three Hast-African
* Where, however, it is also occasionally less convoluted, perhaps in less mature individuals (Michaelsen,
loc. cit. pl. ii, fig. 23).
T P.Z.S8. 1902, vol. ii. p. 206 et seq.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 29
species with which I have compared it in the nature of the spermathecal diverticula.
The slender spermatheca just in front of the terminal section of the male efferent
apparatus divides into two branches, which diverge at right angles and run dorsally,
this portion of the spermatheca forming a tube more than 5 mm. in length. ‘Towards
the dorsal median line the tube of each side turns back upon itself after emitting a very
short but slightly swollen diverticulum ; the recurrent branch runs alongside of the
outgoing branch, the two forming a loop which suggests at first sight a nephridium.
It is indeed not very much thicker than the nephridia. The returning branch then,
having arrived at the level of the point whence it departed, dorsally turns at right
angles and joins its fellow a little in front of the external aperture, which is quite
inconspicuous. This peculiar origin of the diverticulum on each side is exactly
matched in the three species to which the present is evidently allied, viz. Polytoreutus
usindjaensis, P. kirimaensis, and P. sylvestris. But in all of the three species mentioned
the diverticulum itself is of some considerable calibre. Polytoreutus kirimaensis comes
nearest to the present species in that the diverticulum is smaller than in the other two.
But even in that species it is much larger than in P. rwwenzorii. There is thus no
difficulty in discriminating Polytoreutus ruwenzorii by the structure of the female
efferent and copulatory apparatus. It is very interesting to notice that Polytoreutus
ruwenzorit also shows points of resemblance to P. sylvestris and P. kirimaensis (but
apparently not to P. usindjaensis) in the structure of the male efferent apparatus, which
has been already described. ‘There seems to be no doubt that these four species form
a little group of Polytoreutus ; but it is not possible in my opinion to separate them off
from the other species as a genus or even a subgenus, at least at present.
It is clear from the above account that Polytoreutus rwwenzorit comes nearest to
P. sylvestris of Michaelsen. It is only, as I think, with this species that we have to
reckon in determining the distinctness or otherwise of the Polytoreutus which I regard
as new.
The most plain differences from this species are to be seen in the small size of the
spermathecal diverticula and the very reduced length in front of the undivided portion
of the posteriorly fused spermathecal sacs. It may be thus defined :—
POLYTOREUTUS RUWENZORIL.
Length 70-80 mm.; breadth 4-5 mm. Distance between sete of ventral pair three
times that between sete of lateral pair. Outer seta of lateral pair absent on clitellar
segments. Clitellum saddle-shaped. Male pore avit./xvitt. ; spermathecal pore xvitt./aix.
No genital area behind pores. Spermathecal sac bifurcate for a short distance in front ;
posterior diverticula very small; oviduct between spermathecal sac and receptaculum
very long. Right sperm-sac longer than left. Spernviducal glands giving off duct in
front of proximal end gland, much furrowed. Copulatory chambers present.
30 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PoLytoreutus GRANTI Beddard.
Polytoreutus granti Beddard, P. Z. S. 1907, p. 420.
In describing some years since * several species of this genus from East Africa, I
found among a collection from Mt. Kenya two closely allied species, which, however,
were plainly to be differentiated upon a careful study. It is interesting to find upon
Ruwenzori the same presence of two closely allied species of Polytoreutus, not—it may
be remarked—specially related to their congeners of Kenya. To find closely related
species in the same comparatively restricted area is rather more remarkable than would
have been the existence of more remotely allied examples of the same genus. This
species, which I have named after Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, F.Z.S., comes nearer to Poly-
toreutus kirimaensis than does P. ruwenzorii. It is represented by a single specimen,
not fully mature as to the clitellum, but apparently quite fully mature as to the
sexual organs. One of the two copulatory chambers and the penis were protruded.
The size and the external characters generally agree with those of P. ruwenzorit.
The worm is a trifle more slender. ‘The elited/iwm was not developed, and upon the
segments to be included in it I observed no deficiency of sete such as occurs in
P. ruwenzorti. The relations between the distances which separate the two sete of
each pair are much as in P. ruwenzorii. In the same way I observed a long tube
of chitin to be extruded from the nephridiopores. I do not like to assert positively
that there is a difference between the two species in the segment which contains the
first pair of nephridiopores. But in the present species I noted a pair of these
apertures in the third segment, 7. ¢. a segment further forwards than I observed the
same pores in P. rwwenzorii. The internal anatomy seems to agree with that of
P. ruwenzorii and other species of Polytoreutus in the alimentary canal with its
appended calciferous glands and in the situation of the last heart (eleventh segment).
It may be mentioned, however, that P. granti, like P. ruwenzorii, has the dorsal
vessel doubled in the twelfth segment. This doubling of the dorsal vessel is known
in the genus Polytoreutus—tor example, in P. gregorianus f.
The male organs of reproduction are much like those of P. ruwenzorii, and yet show
differences in minutie. As in that and other species of the genus, there is but a single
vas deferens on each side, ending in front in an elongated chamber (“‘Samenmagazine ”)
behind the funnel. The sperm-sacs are but a single pair. They are elongated and
not so markedly thin anteriorly as in P. rwwenzorii and other species. The right-hand
sac, as in that species, is longer than the left, but the difference is not quite so
pronounced. The length of the longer sac is 21 mm. ‘The two sacs are not joined at
* “On some new Species of Earthworms belonging to the Genus Polytoreutus, &e.,” P. Z. 8. 1902, vol. ii.
p. 190.
+ Beddard, P. Z. S. 1901, vol. i. p. 191. Michaelsen has not referred to the condition of the dorsal vessel
in the species with which the present is particularly compared.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 31
their distal extremity. The terminal apparatus of the male efferent ducts is quite like
that of P. ruwenzorii. In precisely the same way (text-fig. 4) the spermiducal gland
is almond-shaped, and somewhat bent upon itself at the point whence its duct emerges ;
the surface is not, however, quite so strongly furrowed. The copulatory chambers seem
to be exactly as in P. ruwenzorii.
The female organs of generation (text-fig. 5, p. 32), on the other hand, show greater
differences from the same organs in P. rwwenzorti. There is the same slender median
spermathecal sac which underlies the nerve-cord and is hardly convoluted in its course.
Nor is it of any greater diameter than the nerve-cord. Anteriorly this sac divides into
two, but there is no marked division near to the point of bifurcation of the sac between
the spermathecal sac and the oviduct which opens into it. This break is very clear
in P. rwwenzorii. And in that species the diverticula * of the spermathecal sac are
Text-fig. 4.
Terminal male organs of Polytoreutus grantt.
e.c. Copulatory chamber. p. Spermiducal gland.
short, the greater part of the coiled tube intervening between the unpaired spermathecal
sac and the receptaculum being the oviduct. In the present species I could not
ascertain the precise spot where the oviduct debouched into the diverticula of the
spermathecal sac, but this point is at any rate very far removed from the point of
bifurcation of the spermathecal sac; the greater part of the coiled tube, therefore,
which intervenes between the unpaired spermathecal sac and the receptaculum being
referable to the diverticula of the spermathecal sac. This important difference
between these two species, otherwise very nearly allied, is remarkable. It is apparently
correlated with another structural feature in which they differ. In examining micro-
scopically this part of the reproductive apparatus in glycerine after removal from the
body, I noted in addition to the receptaculum, called by Michaelsen the ‘ Eitrichter-
blase,” a spherical chamber which obviously corresponds to what Michaelsen calls the
* The word “diverticulum” is, of course, not strictly correct. The two spermathece are fused in the
middle and separate at both ends.
32 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
“ Ovarialblase,” and which is believed by him to contain the ovary. In Polytoreutus
ceruleus * this Ovarialblase forms the end of the branch of the spermathecal sac into
which it opens on the one hand, and is connected on the other with a narrow tube
communicating with the Hitrichterblase, which is, I think, part of the funnel of the
oviduct pulled out by the retreating spermathecal sac. I cannot be certain that the
spherical chamber in Polytoreutus granti has the same connections, but I cannot help
regarding it as the homologous structure. I have not represented it in the figure
(text-fig. 5). Now this appears to be wanting in Polytoreutus ruwenzorii altogether, as
it is, for example, in Polytoreutus magilensis. Where it does occur it appears to mark
the boundary between the oviduct and the spermathecal sac; if so, then the present
species has, as I have already suggested, a very long diverticulum to the spermathecal
sac and a short oviduct ¥.
Text-tig. 5.
AG
o.d.
a.
$
Spermathecal sac of Polytoreutus granti.
Lettering as in text-fig. 3.
Polytoreutus granti differs from its ally P. ruwenzorii in possessing, like P. kirima-
ensis and P. sylvestris, considerable appendages to the spermathecal sac posteriorly.
These measured in my example 6 mm., and were therefore just a trifle shorter than
the spermiducal glands, which measure 7 mm. in length. The proportions, in fact,
are not very different from those of P. sylvestris ; but in the present species the length
of both structures seems to be considerably less than in P. sylvestris, where they extend
very much further back in the body. As in that species, however, the spermathecal
diverticulum on each side receives or emits the duct leading to the exterior from the
side and not from the end. The relationshipseof the diverticulum to the thread-like
regions of the spermathecal sac which enter and leave it were precisely like those
* Michaelsen, JB. Hamb. wiss. Anst. ix. Taf. iv. fig. 30.
v Beddard, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. n.s. vol. xxxiv. pl. xxv. fig. 7.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 33
depicted by Michaelsen for P. sylvestris, and not like those of P. kirimaensis ; for in
the latter species the spermathecal diverticulum simply bifurcates at its end into the
incurrent and excurrent regions of the spermathecal sac.
The above account of the anatomy of Polytoreutus granti shows that it cannot be
confused either with the species which I have just described or with any other known
form. It comes nearest to P. ruwenzorii and to P. sylvestris. It differs most
markedly from P. rwwenzorii by the characters of the spermathecal diverticula, and by
the great length of the anterior undivided portion of the spermathecal sac. It differs
from P. sylvestris mainly in the presence of a well-marked circular chamber at the
end of the undivided spermathecal sacs, and by the shorter spermathecal diverticula
and spermiducal gland. It may be thus defined :—
POLYTOREUTUS GRANTI.
Length 70-80 mm.; breadth 4-5 mm. Distance between setw of ventral pair three
times that between sete of lateral pair. Male pore xvii./xviii., spermathecal pore
xvidi./aix. Spermathecal sacs long and much coiled in undivided anterior region ;
posterior diverticula of some length. Oviduct between spermathecal sacs and recep-
taculum ovorum not long. Right sperm-sac longer than left. Spermiducal glands
furrowed ; duct arising before proximal end of gland. Copulatory chambers present.
NEUMANNIELLA RUWENZORI Beddard.
Neumanniella ruwenzorii Beddard, P. Z. 8. 1907, p. 428.
I refer two fully mature, moderately large individuals, as well as a number of
smaller specimens, of an earthworm, apparently new to zoology, to the genus
Neumaniiella *, for reasons which the following account of its structure will render
plain. The principal distinguishing feature of the genus is thus described by its
founder, viz.:—‘ Die fiir mehrere neue Arten aufgestellte Gattung Mewmanniella
unterscheidet sich von den verwandten Gattungen Eminoscolex, Gardullaria und
Teleudrilus durch die vollstandige Unpaarigkeit der Samentasche.” This is plainly to
be seen in Newmanniella ruwenzorii. ‘The larger of the two examples is 105 mm. long
and measures 3 mm. in diameter. It is not strongly pigmented. The prostomiwm is
very small and restricted within the peristomial segment.
The setew have the usual arrangement met with in this genus. The individual sete
of the ventral pair are much wider apart than the closely paired sete of the lateral
pair. The distance between each seta of the ventral pair is fully five times as great as
that which separates the two sete of the lateral pair. ‘The sete are rather small. On
some segments, at any rate, of the clitellum there are no sete present at all. This is
certainly the case with segment xiy., where the exact position of the lateral seta
* Michaelsen, ‘“‘ Die Oligocheten Nordost-Afrikas,” Zool. Jahrb. (Abth. f. Syst.) xviil. p. 501.
VOL. XIX.—par? I. No. 5.—October, 1909. F
)
d4 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
between the nephridiopore in front and the ovipore behind could be easily fixed.
There is no trace upon the cuticle (which was stripped off and examined) of these sete
or of the orifices through which they protrude. In Mewmanniella siphonocheta
Michaelsen particularly notes that sete are present * upon the clitellum. Nothing is
said upon the matter in the case of other species. The absence of sete upon the
clitellum is well known to occur in certain species of Pheretima, while other species
have them on the clitellum.
The nephridiopores are very plainly visible upon the clitellar segments only with the
use of a lens; but they are not thus visible upon the other segments of the body.
The reason for this is not wholly, if at all, the turgescence of the clitellar segments,
which thus makes the pores obvious. When the cuticle is stripped off it is very
distinctly to be noted that the pores themselves are smaller in size upon the pre-
clitellar than upon the clitellar segments. ‘The difference is very considerable. This
ean hardly be the result of stretching, and must indicate a larger nephridium, or, at
least, a larger terminal duct to the nephridium. I observed the first nephridiopore
upon the third segment. Michaelsen states (of the species where he notes the
point) that the nephridiopores lie in line with the pair of sete ¢ d. I found in
Neumanniella ruwenzorivi a decided relationship to seta c. These pores are, it should
be added, near to the anterior dividing-line of their segment.
The clitellum of Newmanniella ruwenzorii is complete all round the body. It is as
strongly developed upon the ventral as upon the dorsal side. Its yellow colour
contrasts with the rest of the body. The clitellum shows some variation from species
to species of this genus in the fact of being saddle-shaped or as in the present species.
It begins upon the xiiith segment, the posterior one-third of which is invaded by the
clitellar epithelium. At the other extremity it ends upon the xvilith segment, so that
the dimensions are as in other species of the genus, and as in the Eudrilide generally.
T have already remarked upon the apparent absence of sete upon this region of the
body ; there are also no traces to be observed externally of penial sete in the
neighbourhood of the male generative pore or elsewhere.
The most anterior of the generative pores is the spermathecal aperture. ‘This is very
conspicuous in the middle line and just on the boundary-line of segments xiii. and xiv.
It is rather a small orifice, but nevertheless quite evident. ‘There is no modification
of the integument in its neighbourhood. On the xivth segment are the padred orifices
of the oviducts. These lie exactly behind the nephridiopores of that segment and not
far from the posterior boundary of the xivth segment. The apertures are quite
conspicuous, but not much (if at all) larger than the nephridiopores upon the clitellum,
which, as already mentioned, are wider than those apertures upon the segments in
front of the clitellum.
* Loe. cit. p. 502.
* N. siphonocheta and NV. tenuis, loc. cit. pp. 502 & 505.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES.
(Sv)
On
The male pore is a single aperture like the spermathecal pore. It lies exactly on
the boundary-line of segments xvil. and xviii. It is considerably larger than the
spermathecal pore, and the actual orifice is surrounded by an area having a rather
transparent appearance. There is no protrusion of the Bursa propulsoria, nor is the
orifice situated upon an area which is at all raised beyond the general level of the
body. Apart from the slightly modified integument surrounding the male pore,
which has no counterpart in the case of the spermathecal pore, the body of this
species shows no genital papille.
With regard to internal structures | have no observations to make, save those
based upon examination with a lens and a microscope in the case of detached pieces
of certain organs and systems. I have not investigated this Eudrilid by means of
sections on account of its poor state of preservation.
With regard to the alimentary tract, the paired calciferous glands seem to me to
be rather further back than the thirteenth segment, but as the worm was much
softened I should not like to be quite certain. The condition of the proximal
swellings upon the sperm-ducts seems in this genus to offer systematic characters for
the differentiation of the species. For in NV. tenuis these ‘“‘Samenmagazine” are
hardly marked at all, and they are quite conspicuous in WV. siphonocheta. In the
present species these structures are present, but rather different im their condition
from those of some other Eudrilide. Each of these swellings upon the sperm-duct is
of oval form, tapering towards each end; but instead of lying immediately after the
funnel of the sperm-duct, there is a considerable stretch of narrow tubular sperm-duct
before the funnel. The latter lies deep within the sperm-sac. I have observed the
characters of these bodies in the smaller specimens, but not in that from which the
present description of the species has been prepared.
The terminal male efferent apparatus is constituted as follows:—Hach of the two
prostate or spermiducal glands measured about 10 mm. in length, and each gland was
folded only once upon itself, thus forming a U. ‘The diameter of each gland was
not more than, if indeed quite so much as, 1 mm. The (morphologically) posterior
end of each gland lay further forwards in the body than the proximal or anterior end
of each spermiducal gland. Anteriorly each tubular spermiducal gland suddenly
narrowed to form a firm and slender duct; the two ducts running backwards soon
join and form an unpaired tube which constitutes one limb of a U, the anteriorly
directed limb being the Bursa propulsoria. The spermiducal glands have a soft
Opaque appearance; they are not hard and with a nacreous glitter as in some
Eudriiids. On the other hand, the Bursa propulsoria has an almost metallic
appearance to the naked eye. It is slender and fusiform. ‘There are no penial sete.
The spermathecal gland of this KEudrilid was unfortunately cut into when the
animal was slit open along the back. It is more or less globular in shape, and
occupies about the first half of the clitellum. It is quite dorsal in position, lying
F 2
36 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
immediately beneath the body-wall, and has pushed the dorsal blood-vessel to the
left. The contents were an opaque white granular mass, in which could be detected
nothing resembling a spermatophore, though the friable coagulated matter may have
been the material out of which a spermatophore was to be constructed. The sperma-
thecal sac (text-fig. 6), it should be said, widens out from its duct, which lies to the
right side of the gut. I could see no indication of any communication between the
spermathecal sac and the cavity of the intestine, such as occurs, for example, in
Parascolex. 'The narrow duct of the spermathecal sac shows no nacreous glitter, nor
Text-fig. 6.
Spermathecal apparatus of Newmanniella ruwenzorit.
d. Diverticula of spermathecal sac (S.). f. Funnel of oviduct. 0.d. Oviducal pore.
2. Spermathecal pore.
does it ultimately widen out into any structure that may be termed a Bursa copulatrix.
On the contrary, the duct of the spermathecal sac just before its opening on to the
exterior suddenly narrows to half its former calibre and becomes more muscular, with
transverse and longitudinal fibres. At the point where this narrowing begins, two
ceca, one on each side, are given off and slightly curled backwards. These arise
therefore from what I have termed the duct of the spermatheca. These ceca are
rather longer than the very narrow terminal chamber of the spermatheca, with a
diameter half again the width of that chamber; each cecum is about half the
diameter of the wider part of the duct of the spermatheca. From the extremity of
each ceecum arises a short tube with very weak muscular walls; this becomes a little
wider, and at a short distance from the spermathecal cecum contains the oviducal
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 37
funnel, which can be seen to fan out within the chamber so formed. The oviduct
apparently also opens partly into the receptaculum ovorum; the short oviduct opens
on to the exterior in the usual way. The receptaculum ovorum was full of eggs.
I could find no ovary within the chamber into which the funnel of the oviduct opens,
and suspect that the ovarial tissue has been entirely transferred to the receptaculum
ovorum. In any case, the various sacs and ducts mentioned appeared to form a closed
system in which the ovary, if persistent elsewhere, was not included. I am not clear
how far this species agrees and disagrees with others of the genus. In three of the
four species described by Michaelsen, that naturalist figures a tube which encloses the
oviducal funnel at one end and opens at the other into the spermathecal sac. ‘There
is no indication of any diverticula of the spermathecal sac which receives the
“¢ Verbindungsschlauch,” such as I find in Newmanniella ruwenzorii. Nor could
I, as already mentioned, detect a special ovarian sac lodging the ovary and com-
municating with the rest of the egg-conducting apparatus, such as Michaelsen found.
It should be observed that this bifurcation of the spermathecal sac anteriorly to
receive the oviducts is exactly like the disposition of this sac in Polytoreutus. Its
presence in the species Mewmaniella ruwenzorii necessitates a revision of the generic
characters used by Michaelsen, who uses as a generic character the fact that
‘*Samentasche ganz unpaarig.” This character alone therefore serves to discriminate
the present species from all of those described by Michaelsen. It may be thus
defined :—
NEUMANNIBLLA RUWENZORIL.
Length 105 mm.; breadth 3 mm. Distance between ventral sete about five times that
between dorsal sete. Some of the sete absent from clitellum. Clitellum complete,
xiti./aviti. Male pore single, median, upon avii./aviii. Spermathecal pore single,
median, upon wiii./viv. Spermiducal glands with well-marked narrow long duct,
each of which joins its fellow to open into fusiform muscular terminal chamber.
No penial sete. Spermathecal sac with two diverticula, which receive oviducts at
eatremities, and a small narrow muscular Bursa propulsoria.
EMINOSCOLEX RUWENZORII Beddard.
Eminoscolex ruwenzorii Beddard, P. Z. 8. 1907, p. 428.
I refer to a new species of the genus Himinoscolex a worm which is considerably
softened, but in which the more important characters are nevertheless plainly visible.
The completely paired condition of the male and female organs, coupled with the
ventral calciferous pouches in segments ix., x., xi. and the paired glands in
segment Xili., are decisive of its generic position.
The worm measures rather more than 200 mm. in length by 4-5 mi. in width, and
38 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
is thus the largest species of the genus. The colour above is dark purplish brown.
The clitellum was not developed. The setw are paired; but the phrase descriptive of
these structures in Michaelsen’s amended definition of the genus*, viz., ‘‘ Borsten
ventral sehr weit, lateral enger gepaart,”’ hardly applies to the present species.
The ventral sete (text-fig. 7) are rather wide, much as in Polytoreutus, but the
lateral sete are only slightly more approximated, the proportions being about 5: 6.
It is remarkable that on the nine or ten anterior segments of the body the ventral sete
are very much larger, perhaps twice the size of the lateral sete; this discrepancy
Text-fig. 7.
Ventral view of Eminoscolex ruwenzorir.
Some of the segments are numbered.
ceases after that point, and both pairs of setz are equisized and small. The ventral
pair of sete of the xviith segment are absent.
The nephridiopores lie in front of the lateral pair of sete, and are not specially
related to one or other of the pair. They appear to begin in the third segment.
The oveducal pores are upon the xivth segment, in line with the nephridiopores.
The spermathecal pores are paired as in other species of the genus. The pore of
each side lies m front of the outer of the ventral pair of sete. The pores are not very
large.
* “Die Oligocheten Nordost-Afrikas,” Zool. Jahrb. (Abth. f. Syst.) Bd. xviii. p. 482.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 39
On the following intersegmental furrow (¢. é., xili./xiv.) are two pairs of minute
orifices, which lie on a level with each of the four ventral sete. They are rendered
more conspicuous by being surrounded with a yellowish area. ‘This area is the
expression of internal sacs, which probably correspond to the copulatory glands found in
many Earthworms of the families Megascolicide and Geoscolicidee, but not, I believe,
hitherto recorded among the Eudrilide. These sacs, though small, are very easily to
be seen when the septum separating segments xiii. and xiv. is pushed forward.
The male pores are very large and conspicuous, and lie between segments xvii. and
XVlll, in a straight line with the spermathecal pores. ‘The flaps of skin surrounding
the pores cause them to be rather obliquely set, as is shown in the accompanying
figure (text-fig. 7). The hinder margin of each orifice is much thickened and forms
a glandular pad ; the two very nearly meet in the middle line behind.
The intersegmental septa are not very much thickened, and they cease to be at all
thickened after that which separates segments xi./xil. The gizzard, which is well
developed, though not very large, lies undoubtedly in segment v. The median
calciferous pouches are in segments ix., x., and xi. ‘The paired calciferous glands of
segment xill. have rather an unusual form. ach consists of a relatively narrow
tubular coiled structure very much longer than it is broad. ‘his lies coiled on each
side of the gut in the xilith segment.
The dorsal blood-vessel is nowhere double; the last pair of hearts is in segment x1.
The male organs are much like those of other species of this genus. The present
species is holandrous, and the sperm-sacs are two pairs, more or less tongue-shaped
bodies, in segments xi. and x11. The ends of the sperm-ducts near to where they open
into the sperm-sacs are, as in other Eudrilide, dilated into what Michaelsen has
termed a “*Samenmagazin.” As in other species of Hminoscolex, the region of the
sperm-ducts in question is not only widened but is of some length and coiled, forming
a body of oval contour constituted by the closely approximated windings of the tube.
It is conspicuous through its white colour as in other Eudrilide. The sperm-duct
opens into the tip of the spermiducal gland (text-fig. 8, p. 40), which is in this species
directed forwards ; the entire gland is sausage-shaped and bent once upon itself. It
ends in a narrow muscular duct which opens into the rather large Bursa propulsoria ;
the latter is of circular contour. ‘There are no penial sete.
The female organs of generation were so much softened that some details have
probably escaped me. It is, however, plain that there are a pair of nearly spherical
spermathecal sacs which are perfectly free from each other and do not communicate,
as in some species of the genus, at the distal extremity with each other. The oviduct
is very long and straight in its course ; anteriorly it is seen to communicate with a
rather small receptaculum ovorum, which lies close to the septum dividing the x1ith
from the xivth segment to the outside of the oviduct. In the other side is a slight
swelling which appears to be fixed against the septum dividing the same segments,
40 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
which doubtless represents the ‘ Eitrichterblase” and the “ Ovarialblase.” I am
doubtful whether this chamber is also in communication with the spermathecal sac or
surrounds it. It is not, however, necessary to settle this point for purposes of the
identification of the species, which I believe is sufficiently distinguished from other
species of the genus hitherto described. Of these there are ten species known.
A peculiarity of Hminoscolex ruwenzorii is the thickened fold which bounds the
male pores posteriorly, and is comparable to a rudimentary penis or pair of penes. Of
Text-fig. 8.
Terminal male organs of Eminoscolex ruwenzorit.
B.c. Bursa propulsoria. p. Spermiducal gland. v.d. Vas deferens.
this structure there seem to be the equivalents in a few other species, viz., in
E. sylvestris *, E. barnimi +, E. neumanni ¢, E. viridescens, and perhaps E. toreutus 9.
Although the mere thickening which I have figured in E. rwwenzorii is different from
the projecting penis of /, viridescens, the immaturity of my specimen might account
for the difference very easily.
But Hminoscolex rwwenzorii is to be distinguished from E. sylvestris and H. barnimi
by the fact that the dorsal sets are further apart than in those species, where the
distance a—b is three times the distance c-d. It cannot be confused with EL. neumanni
by reason of the fact that in the latter species the spermathecal pores are opposite to
the lateral setee, whereas in EL. ruwenzorii they are, as in the majority of species, in
front of the ventral sete. There remain Z. toreutus and E. viridescens. In the latter
species ||, however, the spermathecal pores are a segment further back and are placed
* Michaelsen, Zool. Jahrb. (Abth. f. Syst.) xvili. p. 486.
ry Id., MT. Hamb. wiss. Anst. xvii. t Jd. rabid. xiv.
§ Jd., “ Regenwiirmer,” in Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, iv. p. 9.
|| Zd., Oligocheeta in ‘ Das Thierreich,’ Lief. 10 (Berlin, 1900), p. 407.
FRANK E. BEDDARD—VERMES. 4]
in a common depression; in KH. toreutus the spermiducal glands appear to have a
different form and the spermathece are larger. Hminoscolex ruwenzorii may be thus
defined :—
EMINOSCOLEX RUWENZORII.
Length 200 mm. ; breadth 4-5 mm. Ventral setw rather further apart than lateral,
the proportions being 6:5. Ventral sete of nine anterior segments enlarged. Male
pores xvit./aviit. with thickened posterior margins (a penis?); female pores xii./xiii.
in line with seta b. Copulatory-gland pores on witi./xiv. Proaimal ends of four sperm-
ducts widened and twisted into a closely adpressed coil. Spermiducal gland of only
moderate length, with narrow muscular duct. Spermathece more or less spherical, not
conjoined.
VOL. XIX.—PaRrT I. No. 6.— October, 1909.
Snes
oaui
Tov
Ut
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
4, MOLLUSCA.
By BE. A. Smits, L.S.0., F.Z.8.
Received October 24, read November 17, 1908.
[Piate I.*]
Tue collection of Mollusca now reported on, although small, contains several
specimens of interest, besides the four species which appear to be new. The fine
series of Limicolaria saturata and L. smithi show how variable those species are both
in form and colour, and the variety of the large Achatina schweinfurthi presents a
very unusual style of coloration.
As the Ruwenzori district had been to a certain extent explored by Dr. Stuhlmann 7
in 1894, it is rather surprising that the present collection, consisting of only
fourteen species, should contain so large a proportion of novelties.
A few new species obtained by the Duke of the Abruzzi on Ruwenzori have been
described by Carlo Pollonera {.
1. Virrina oLEosa Martens.
Vitrina oleosa Martens, Deutsch-Ost- Afrika, vol. iv. p. 40, pl. i. fig. 4.
a-n. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000-14,000 feet.
Several specimens from the above elevation apparently belong to this species, or to
Vitrina cagnit Pollonera §. From VJ. oleosa they may differ in having the peristeme
of the same colour as the rest of the shell, and not black. V. cagnii is said to be
“‘ fusco-cornea,” whereas the present specimens are yellowish horn-colour.
2. TROCHOZONITES LEPTALEUS, sp.n. (Plate I. figs. 12, 13.)
Testa concave conica, ad peripheriam acute carinata, tenuis, anguste perforata,
pallide cornea, supra haud nitida; spira elata, breviter concava ; anfractus 8, lente
accrescentes, superiores 23 globosi, leves, ceteri planiusculi, ad suturam carinati,
plicis tenuibus oblique arcuatis numerosis ornati, ultimus infra carinam acutem
nitens, planiusculus, lineis incrementi tenuissimis, striisque microscopicis
* For explanation of the Plate, see p. 50.
+ For an account of Dr. Stuhlmann’s collections, see Martens and Simroth in ‘ Deutsch-Ost-Afrika,
vol. iv. (1898).
+ Boll. Mus. Zool. ed Anat. Torino, vol. xxi. no. 538 (1906).
§ Tom. cit. p. 1 (1906).
44 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
uregulariter concentricis sculptus; apertura obliqua, subquadrata, brevis; peri-
stomium tenue, margine columellari ad insertionem breviter expanso et reflexo.
Alt. 8°5 mm., diam. 11.
a. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000-14,000 feet.
Under a lens the plice look quite rib-like; they do not extend below upon the
keel so as to affect the regularity of it.
T. mamboiensis Smith * is similar in form, but less strongly plicate upon the
upper surface, and the concentric sculpture upon the base of the body-whorl is more
distinct than in the present species. It is also darker in colour.
3. TRACHYCYSTIS ? RUWENZORIENSIS, sp. n. (Plate I. figs. 9-11.)
Testa orbicularis, depressa, tenuis, anguste umbilicata, olivaceo-cornea, ad apicem
albida, vix nitida, lineis incrementi arcuatis conspicuis subplicatis ornata; spira
parum elata, ad apicem obtusa; anfractus 5, sutura subprofunda sejuncti, con-
vexiusculi, regulariter accrescentes, superiores duo leves, ultimus haud de-
scendens, infra plicis vel striis minus conspicnis; apertura oblique lunata; peri-
stomium tenue, simplex, margine columellari ad insertionem dilatato et reflexo.
Diam. maj. 13 mm., min. 108, alt. 63.
a-d. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000—-14,000 feet.
In form this species is rather like Helix bukobe Martens}, but is more narrowly
umbilicated. The colour of the latter species, moreover, is described as chestnut-brown,
with a light zone on the body-whorl.
The present species is so thin that the underside of the body-whorl is liable to
wrinkle when dry. The lines of growth are well-marked, even finely plicate above.
4, ENA (CERASTUS) RETIRUGIS (Martens).
Buliminus retirugis Martens, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, vol. iv. p. 60, pl. ii1. fig. 25.
a. Ruwenzori (no particular locality given).
A single specimen agreeing in all respects with the description, excepting that the
network or malleation is of the same colour as the rest of the shell and not pale
yellow. It is rather smaller than the type, having a length of 24 mm. 4. lagariensis
Smith is probably only a variety of this species in which the malleation is almost
obsolete, and Buliminus (Petreus) aloysti sabaudie Pollonera is the same, or a
very closely allied form.
5, ACHATINA SCHWEINFURTHI, var. (Plate I. fig. 8.)
Achatina schweinfurthi Martens; Pilsbry, Manual Conch. vol. xvii. p. 61, pl. vi. fig. 15.
a. Ruwenzori (no special locality stated).
* Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1890, vol. vi. p. 151, pl. v. fig. 3.
+ Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, vol. iy. p. 58, pl. ii. fig. 23.
E. A. SMITH—MOLLUSCA. 45
Only a single specimen is in the collection. It is, however, peculiar on account of
the absence of the dark irregular brown markings upon the last two whorls; these
are covered with a yellow periostracum, beneath which the shell is white. A. tincta
Reeve, A. weynst Dautzenberg, A. buchneri Martens, and the present species are very
difficult to separate, all being characterized by a very similar style of coloration and
sculpture.
6. Burroa niuotica (Pfeiffer).
Bulimus niloticus Pfeiffer, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1861, p. 24.
a. Ruwenzori (no special locality given).
Only one young shell was obtained. For further references, see Pilsbry, Manual of
Conchology, 2nd series, vol. xvi. p. 300; and for the anatomy, Reynell, Proc. Malac.
Soc. vol. vil. p. 97, pl. xvii.
7. LIMIcoLaRia saTURATA Smith. (Plate I. figs. 1-4.)
Limicolaria saturata Smith, Proc. Malac. Soe. vol. i. p. 324, fig. 1 on p. 323.
? Limicolaria ventricosa Smith, 1. c. p. 324, fig. 2, abnormal.
a—a', Ruwenzori (no special locality given).
A fine series of specimens of this species indicates that it is very variable both in
colour and form. ‘These differences can be shown only by means of coloured figures.
One set of specimens is of the same rich dark colouring as the type, whereas another
set has quite light brown markings. One of the most constant features is the size of
the two or three apical whorls: these are rather small, so that the top of the spire is
slender in comparison with other species. I do not feel quite sure that L. ventricosa
is an abnormal example; certain specimens in the present collection approach it
in shape, but none of them has the top whorls quite so broad.
8. LIMICOLARIA SMITHI Preston. (Plate I. figs. 5-7.)
Limicoluria smithi Preston, Proc. Malac. Soe. vol. vii. pp. 89, 90, fig.
a—f. Ruwenzori (no special locality given).
Also recorded from the Uganda District (Preston); Bunjako, N. of Victoria Nyanza;
between Entebbe and Fort Portal, Toro, Uganda; Kibiro, east shore of Lake Albert.
As pointed out by the author, this species is extremely variable in colour, and the
differently coloured shells appear to occur together in the same locality.
Some specimens are white covered with a greyish-olive periostracum, and with
or without a blackish umbilical zone. Others have a dark infrasutural interrupted
band besides the basal zone. Some specimens, like the type, have the upper whorls
blackish-purple, or inclining to purplish-rose, or again quite pale. The finest example,
from Kibiro, east shore of the Albert Nyanza, is a very striking shell with broad,
46 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
almost black, oblique flames and short wavy lines of a reddish-brown colour at the
upper part of these whorls. In another shell from the same locality these reddish
lines extend further over the whorls, in the last of which they cover three-fourths of its
extent. Iam inclined to think that Martens* has figured this species as L. colorata,
vars. saturata. and infrafusca, and perhaps fuscescens. L. mediomaculata Martens +
is also very closely allied.
9. HoMorus FUSCOSTRIGATUS, sp. n. (Plate I. fig. 14.)
Testa subulata, sordide lutea, strigis obliquis numerosis saturate fuscis picta, ad
apicem haud strigata, ad suturam linea lutescente cincta; anfractus 10, lente
accrescentes, leviter convexiusculi, lineis tenuibus confertis incrementi striisque
spiralibus decussati, ultimus ad peripheriam rotundatus, linea fusca indistincta
cinctus; apertura inverse auriformis, cerulescens, longitudinis totius 4 fere
equans; labrum tenue, nigrescens; columella tenuis, leviter arcuata, antice
breviter truncata.
Longit. 32 mm., diam. 73; apertura 7} mm. longa, 4 lata.
a. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 feet.
Subulina martensi of Dupuis and Putzeys appears to be closely related to the present
species, but is much larger, with more convex whorls.
The lines of growth in H. fuscostrigatus are somewhat puckered at the suture, which
is consequently more or less uneven; they are very fine and thread-like, and, being
crossed by the transverse strie, are cut up into elongate sections. The peripheral dark
line is very indistinct and may be an individual peculiarity.
10. Homorus Brcotor, sp. n. (Plate I. fig. 15.)
Testa mediocriter elongata, nigro-rufescens, ad apicem flavescens, nitens, lineis
incrementi obliquis, striisque spiralibus tenuibus sculpta; spiraad apicem obtusa ;
anfractus 64, regulariter crescentes, valde conyvexi, superiores 2} flavescentes,
ultimus perconvexus, striis spiralibus minus distinctis; apertura inverse auri-
formis, intus purpurascens, longitudinis totius 2 adequans; labrum extra
incrassatum ; columella in medio arcuata, antice oblique truncata.
Longit. 16 mm., diam. 64; apertura 6 mm. longa, 33 lata.
a. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 feet.
This species is remarkable on account of the yellowish apex, which contrasts
strikingly with the rest of the shell, and for the thickening of the labrum on the
outside with a rounded rib, a feature which perhaps may prove to be of generic
importance.
* Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, vol. iv. p. 105, pl. iv. figs. 2, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14.
t Op. cit. p. 107, pl. iv. figs. 3, 5, 7.
E. A. SMITH—MOLLUSCA. 47
The surface of this shell is highly glossy, although exhibiting spiral strie and lines
of growth. The latter, under the lens, have a somewhat puckered appearance below
the suture.
11. Homorvus RuNssoRINUS (Martens).
Glessula runssorina Martens, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, vol. iv. p. 114, pl. v. figs. 11, 12.
a-c. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 10,000 feet.
‘Three specimens, two of which are larger than the shells described by von Martens.
Length 32 mm., diam, 11; aperture 12 mm. long, 6 broad.
The upper whorls exhibit more or less indistinct spiral strie, and the whole surface
under the microscope presents a minutely frosted appearance.
12. CycLopHorus (AFERULUS) ELATIOR Martens.
Cyclophorus elatior Martens, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, vol. iv. p. 8, pl. i. fig. 1, pl. i1. fig. 4.
a-c. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 feet.
This species is remarkable for the spiral brown lineation of the yellowish peri-
ostracum. When this is worn off the shell is dirty white beneath. Von Martens’s
specimens were collected by Dr. Stuhlmann near the south shore of Lake Edward.
13. Limna#A NATALENSIS Krauss.
Limneus natalensis Krauss, Stidafrik. Moll. p. 85, pl. v. fig. 15.
a, 6. Ruwenzori (no special locality given).
This South African species appears to have a wide range northward, if the various
shells which have been recorded under this name all belong to one and the same
species. It is said to occur in Lakes Nyassa and Tanganyika.
14. PLANORBIS BRIDOUXIANUS Bourguignat.
Planorbis bridouxianus Bourg. Ann. Sci. Nat. 1890, vol. x. p. 20, pl. i. figs. 9-12.
a, 6. Ruwenzori (no special locality given).
Two specimens, which seem to agree with the description and figures of this
Tanganyika species.
IGA Ip
VOL. XIX.—ParT I. No. 7.—October, 1909.
50 E. A. SMITH— MOLLUSCA.
PLATE I.
Limicolaria saturata, p. 45.
‘ smitht, p. 45.
Achatina schweinfurthi, var., p. 44.
1. Trachycystis? ruwenzoriensis, p. 44.
Trochozonites leptaleus, p. 43.
Homorus fuscostrigatus, p. 46.
éicolor, p. 46.
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LAND SHELLS FROM RUWENZORL.
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EO WEEINEZTO UR | EPXOP Die OmNn eB, OS:
5. CRUSTACEA.
By W. T. Cauman, D.Sc., F.Z.S.
Received and read November 17, 1908.
[Text-figures 9-12. |
THE river-crab of Ruwenzori (I find no reason to suppose that more than one species
is represented in the collection) belongs to one of the most puzzling and imperfectly
known sections of a very difficult genus.
All the specimens differ in some degree from the type-specimens of Potamon johnstoni
(Miers) from Kilimanjaro with which I have compared them, but they appear to
approach more closely to that species than to any of the others hitherto described,
and I do not consider that the differences justify their separation under a new specific
name.
Only the acquisition of large series of river-crabs from all parts of Africa will enable
the species inhabiting that continent to be properly defined, and I may take this
opportunity to remind collectors that river-crabs from any part of Africa (and, indeed,
from most parts of the world) will be very gladly received at the Natural History
Museum.
PoraMoNn (POTAMONAUTES) JOHNSTONI (Miers).
Thelphusa depressa Krauss var. johnstoni Miers, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1885, p. 237.
Potamon (Potamonautes) johnstoni Rathbun, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, (4) vii. pp. 160 &
170 (1905).
Twelve specimens were collected by the Ruwenzori Expedition, and seven specimens
from the same region, presented by Sir H. H. Johnston in 1901, are in the Natural
History Museum.
The smallest specimen measures 12°5 mm. and the largest 33°5 mm. in length of
carapace. The breadth-ratio of the carapace varies from 1:32 to 1:48, being on the
whole less in the smaller specimens. The surface of the carapace is moderately flat,
except in its anterior third, where it is convex antero-posteriorly. ‘The inter-regional
grooves are strongly marked, especially the central part of the “cervical” groove and
the transverse branchial grooves or posterior branches of the cervical; the latter con-
strict the branchial regions so that the postero-lateral margin of the carapace is concave
or almost notched. ‘The anterior or lateral limbs of the cervical groove die out almost
immediately in front of their junction with the posterior branches. The inner branchial
H 2
62 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
areole are well defined, as are also the branchio-cardiac grooves, and there is on each
side a posterior transverse branchial groove, the two being more or less distinctly
united by a fainter depression across the intestinal area. The mesogastric furrow is
deep and its branches are not angulated.
In the smaller specimens (20 mm. in length or less) the postfrontal crest, which is
nearly straight on each side but advanced in the middle, is sharply defined and
minutely granulated. ‘The antero-lateral margin has also a marginal line of fine
granules and the antero-lateral regions of the dorsal surface are slightly rugose. With
Text-fig. 9.
Potamon (Potamonautes) johnstoni. Male specimen from Ruwenzori.
Above is shown the larger chela of the same specimen from the outer side. Both figures are natural size.
increasing size, however, the whole carapace becomes smoother; the postfrontal crest
becomes softened and rounded, although generally retaining some faint traces of granu-
lation; the antero-lateral margins become rounded, with, asa rule, only a slight indication
of the granular line ; and the whole dorsal surface becomes smooth and polished.
The frontal width varies from about °38 of the width of the carapace in the smallest
specimens to °26 in the largest; the front is strongly deflexed, and its margin, raised
and beaded in small specimens, becomes smoothed off in the larger. ‘The eyes are
W. T. CALMAN—CRUSTACEA. 53
relatively much larger in the small and medium-sized specimens, where they fill, or
nearly fill, the orbits; in the largest specimens the orbits appear much too large for
the eyes. The margin of the orbits is a raised line which is beaded only in small
specimens. The outer orbital angle projects at most very slightly and is often quite
smoothed away; below it there is usually a small orbital notch, but in some of the
larger specimens this can no longer be detected.
The degree to which the lateral margins of the carapace project beyond the outer
orbital angle (a point to which much importance is attached by Miss Rathbun in her
revision of the subgenus) varies with the size of the specimen. In all the specimens
of 20 mm. carapace-length or less the lateral projection is less than the major diameter
of the orbit; in all the specimens of 25 mm. and upwards it exceeds that diameter.
On the under surface of the carapace the pterygostomial furrow is, at most, indistinctly
granulated ; the inferior prolongation of the cervical groove (separating the sub-hepatic
and sub-branchial regions) is more or less indistinct, sometimes practically obsolete
(as in Hilgendorf’s P. bipartitum).
Text-fig. 10.
Abdomen of the specimen shown in text-fig. 9. Natural size.
The groove on the merus of the third maxillipeds varies in distinctness without much
relation to the size of the specimens; it is never very strongly marked and in some of
the large specimens it is altogether obliterated. The merus of the chelipeds has its
three edges granulated, the granules being most prominent and conical on the anterior
edge. ‘The second tooth on the inner side of the carpus is small and is followed on the
proximal side by a row of large granules, The chelw are smooth, with faint grooves
on both fingers; the fingers gape to a varying degree in large specimens of both sexes
and are generally a little more slender in large males than in females.
There are two transverse grooves on the sternum of the male in front of the abdomen ;
the anterior region of the sternum in females is setose. The male abdomen has nearly
straight sides and the angle which the outline forms between the last two segments does
not project laterally.
The two type-specimens of P. johnstont from Kilimanjaro (which have not hitherto
been figured) are males and are somewhat larger (35 and 37 mm. carapace-length)
than any of the Ruwenzori specimens. ‘They agree with the latter in the general
characters of the ‘‘ perlatus-group” as defined by Miss Rathbun (¢. ¢. p. 162) and in
54 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
the general disposition of the grooves of the carapace, especially the obliteration of the
anterior branch of the cervical groove and the strong development of its posterior
branch (or transverse branchial groove), which constricts the branchial region. They
further agree with the larger of the Ruwenzori specimens in the fact that the lateral
projection of the carapace exceeds the major diameter of the orbit, in which respect
the character of the species is wrongly given by, Miss Rathbun in the monograph
referred to. The differences between the two forms may be summed up by saying that
Text-fig. 11.
The larger of the two type-specimens (males) of “ Thelphusa depressa var. johnstoni,” described by Miers from
Kilimanjaro. Some of the walking-legs have been reconstructed from those of the other specimen.
Above is shown the larger chela of the same specimen from the outer side. Both figures are
natural size.
the ridges and granules of the carapace and chelipeds are much sharper and better
defined in the Kilimanjaro types, although the latter are larger than the largest and
smoothest of the Ruwenzori specimens.
In the types, the postfrontal crest is sharp and more or less distinctly granulated ;
the antero-lateral marginal line is well-marked and its granules large and distinct ;
the raised margin of the front and orbits is more sharply defined and in the orbits is
W. T. CALMAN—CRUSTACEA. 55
distinctly beaded, and the outer orbital angle is more prominent, almost dentiform. A
fine beading is also present along a part of the pterygostomial furrow. On the merus
of the chelipeds the marginal granules are larger and sharper, more especially one at
the distal end of the inner edge; the granules behind the second inner carpal tooth
are almost obliterated. The larger chela is relatively a little longer and more slender.
The furrow on the merus of the third maxillipeds is much more distinct than in the
Ruwenzori specimens.
Miss Rathbun has suggested, as Hilgendorf also did, that the species to which she
gives the name P. ambiguus (= P. hilgendorfi Hilgendorf nec Pfeffer) may be identical
with P. johnstoni, while, on the other hand, Ortmann places P. hilgendorfi Pfeffer as a
synonym of P. johnstoni. Whether either or both of these opinions are likely to be
correct I do not venture to say; I think it probable that only a re-examination of the
type-specimens will enable the synonymy of the existing species of this group to
Text-fig. 12.
Young specimen taken from under the abdomen of the mother (Ruwenzori). x 9.
be finally settled. Nobili* has described a species from Ruwenzori under the name
Potamon (Potamonautes) aloysti sabaudiev, but his description is so brief that I
find it impossible to form any conception of the'species.
One of the females in the present collection bears numerous eggs (each 2°6 mm.
in diameter) attached to the abdominal appendages, and another has numerous young
ones sheltering under the abdomen. As few good figures of young Potamonide exist
I have thought it well to give a figure of one of these. They are in what Mercanti has
called the second stage of development. Mercanti states that in the young of P. edulis
at this stage abdominal appendages are absent, but Miss Rathbun finds them to be
present in all the species examined by her. They are certainly present in all the young
individuals of the species dealt with here, but they differ in the degree of development.
In some specimens they have the form of distinct and prominent papille on the second
* Boll. Mus. Zool. ed Anat. Torino, xxi. no. 544 (1906).
y Bull. Soc. Entom. Ital. xvii. p. 209 (1885).
56 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
to the fifth abdominal somites. In other specimens the papille on the second somite
are distinct, but those on the following somites are much less so. It is possible that
these latter specimens are males, but I could find no trace of appendages on the first
somite, where they occur in the adult males. The carapace of the young specimens
measures about 3°0 x 2°7 mm.
List of Localities.
“ Ruwenzori, 6500 ft. Presented by Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B.”
Seven specimens (4 ¢, 3 @), from 12°5 to 25 mm. in length of carapace.
‘From a tributary of the Mpanga River, E. Ruwenzori. Ruwenzori Expedition.”
Three specimens (2 ¢, 1 2), from 31-33 mm. in length.
‘Small brook running into the Mubuku River, E. Ruwenzori. Ruwenzori Expedition.”
Two specimens (¢ 2), 29°5 and 33 mm, in length.
‘“ Mubuku River, E. Ruwenzori, 6900 ft. Ruwenzori Expedition.”
Six specimens (3 3,35 2), from 13°5 to 33°5 mm. in length.
“From a small stream near Irumu, Eturi River. Ruwenzori Expedition.”
One specimen ( ¢ ), 27 mm. in length.
The figures accompanying this paper were drawn by Miss G. M. Woodward.
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS,
6. ARACHNIDA.
By A.S. Hirst, £.Z.S.
Received November 13, read November 17, 1908.
A FEW species of Spiders and Ticks were collected by the members of the Expedition,
and a list of these is given below. A single form, Cladomelea ornata, has been
described as new.
Suborder ARANE/E.
Family CLUBIONID&.
1. SELENOPS VIGILANS Pocock.
Selenops vigilans Pocock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) ii. p. 349, text-fig. 2 (1898).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single female specimen.
2. PALYSTES ELLIOTI Pocock.
Palystes elliott Pocock, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xvii. p. 58, pl. viii. fig. 2 (1896).
Mokia, S.EK. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A female specimen.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft. A female specimen.
3. Crenus (LEPTOCTENUS) PULCHRIVENTRIS Simon ?
Ctenus (Leptoctenus) pulchriventris Simon, Ann. Soc. Hut. France, lxv. p. 493 (1896).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft. Three females.
Family ARGIOPID 4.
4. NEPHILA PILIPES Lucas.
Epeira pilipes Lucas, in Thomson’s Arch. Ent. ii. p. 416, pl. 13. fig. 7 (1858),
Mokia, $.E, Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A large number of specimens.
5. ARGIOPE FLAVIPALPIS Lucas.
Epeira flavipalpis Lucas, in Thomson’s Arch. Ent. ii. p. 423 (1858).
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Four female specimens.
6. CYRTOPHORA cITRICOLA Forskal.
Aranea citricola Forskal, Descript. Anim. &e. p. 86 (1775).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft. Numerous specimens.
VOL. XIX.—PART 1. No. 8.—October, 1909. I
58 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
7. CLADOMELEA ORNATA Hirst.
Cladomelea ornata Hirst, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xx. p. 36, text-fig. 4 (1907).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single female specimen.
? — Colour pale yellow; tarsi and distal portions of metatarsi fuscous, the metatarsi
of the anterior pairs of legs being marked in the middle of their length with an
additional dark patch; patella and tibie with light brown spots; cephalothoracic
spines apically darkened.
Cephalothorawz.—Ocular tubercle moderately elevated as compared with that of
C. longipes Cambr., the three spines of the cephalothorax of fair length and the middle
one slightly curved in an anterior direction.
Abdomen.—Dorsal tubercles of abdomen small, almost uniform in size, and distri-
buted much as in C. longipes. The two median tubercles of the second row are
replaced, however, by a single tubercle. Additional tubercles are present in the
posterior median part of the abdomen, a couple being situated between the row of
three tubercles and the lozenge-shaped group of four tubercles and another pair
placed posteriorly to the lozenge-shaped group.
Legs—Patella and tibia of first leg a little longer than metatarsus and tarsus, and
with tibia, metatarsus, and tarsus more slender than is the case in C. longipes.
Measurements in mm.—Leneth of first leg 27, of second leg 19:5, of third leg 10,
of fourth leg 13:5, of posterior cephalothoracic spine 2°75, of ocular tubercle -5, of
cephalothorax 4°75, of abdomen 10; total length 14:5; breadth of cephalothorax 4°75,
of abdomen 12.
Egg-cocoon pate yellow in colour, spherical, the surface smooth, the pedicle very
short.
Suborder ACARI.
Family Ixop1p @.
8. AMBLYOMMA MARMOREUM Koch.
Amblyomma marmoreum Koch, Arch. f. Naturg. (1) x. p. 224 (1844),
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Five males from a puff-adder.
9, AMBLYOMMA HEBREZUM SPLENDIDUM Giebel.
Amblyomma splendidum Giehel, Zeitschy. f. d. ges. Naturwissensch. xlix. p. 293 (1877).
Amblyomma hebreum splendidum Neumann, Arch. de Parasitol. ix. pp. 2338, 234 (1905).
Semliki Valley. Six males and four females frem a buffalo.
10. ORNITHODOROS SAVIGNYI cacuS Neumann.
Ornithodoros savignyi var. cecus Neumann, Mém. Soc. Zool. France, xiv. p. 256 (1901).
Uganda, from native huts. Numerous specimens.
RU WEIN ZOU SERX PE DEON] RoE ©) Rak s:
7. NEUROPTERA.
BUA Nin ER BYE Hele S eh obpss
Received November 13, read November 17, 1908.
I Give in this and the following report lists of the species of named Neuroptera and
Orthoptera from Ruwenzori in the Natural History Museum. All these, except a
few noted as collected by Mr. Scott Elliot, were obtained by the Hon. Gerald Legge
and Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston during the recent expedition to the district. A new
genus and species of Dragonfly, a new species of Ant-lion, two new species of
Cockroach, and a new genus and species of Grasshopper are here described.
Suborder ODONATA.
Family LIBELLULID&.
Genus PALPOPLEURA.
Rambur, Insectes Névroptéres, p. 129 (1842).
PALPOPLEURA LUCIA Drury.
Libellula lucia Drury, Illustrations of Exotic Entomology, ii. pl. 45. f. 1 (1778).
Three specimens: a male and a yellow form of the female taken at Mokia, S.E.
Ruwenzori, on May 18 and 21 respectively, at a height of 3500 feet; and a specimen
of the white form of the female, taken in the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, at a
height of 6000 feet.
Genus ACCAPHILA, gen. n.
Male.—Kiyes touching ; frontal tubercle entire, very slightly arched, truncated in
front ; abdomen long, rather slender, second and third segments carinated, very slightly
thickened at base, but with the sixth and seventh segments widened, as in the South
American genera Dythemis and Macrothemis. Wings rather long and narrow,
pterostigma moderately long: fore-wings with 11 continuous antenodal and 7 post-
nodal cross-nervures; the right fore-wing with a 12th rudimentary discontinuous
cross-nervure ; sectors of the arculus stalked, nodal sector hardly waved ; loop-nervure
open to the hind margin; no supra-triangular nervures, one cross-nervure in the
lower basal cell; triangle regular, traversed, followed by one row of two or three
cells, and then by two rows of cells, increasing only towards the hind margin; sub-
triangular space rather longer than broad, consisting of 3 cells: hind-wings with
8-9 antenodal and 8 postnodal cross-nervures; triangle free, its base coinciding
12
60 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
with the arculus, and followed by two rows of cells, increasing only towards the
hind margin; two cross-nervures in the lower basal cell. Legs rather long and
slender, with short spines; appendages of the second segment of the abdomen small
and slender, but long and very conspicuous ; upper terminal appendages very stout,
hatchet-shaped, and pointed; lower appendage simple, pointed, about half as long
as the upper ones.
A remarkable genus, of somewhat doubtful affinities.
ACCAPHILA EUDOXIA, Sp. 0.
Long. corp. 45 millim.; exp. al. 72 millim.; long. pter. 3 millim.
Male——Head yellow, frontal tubercle and middle of front (which is strongly
punctured) purple; a spot on each side of front, the middle of nasus (except a short
transverse yellow mark above and below), all the lower mouth-parts, except the triangular
mentum, and some spots behind the eyes, black. Thorax bronzy green, with double
yellow median line and interalary spaces yellow ; pleura with alternate bands of bronzy
green and yellow. Abdomen black, the two basal segments with yellow markings in
the middle above and on the sides; the remaining segments have long yellow spots at
the base on the sides; there is also a slender yellow middle carina above, marked
with a large yellow spot on segment 7. Legs black, a line on the front femora
beneath and the hind trochanters yellow. Wings hyaline; pterostigma brown, with a
yellow central line; membrane of hind wings grey, very small.
Described from one male: Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 feet, Jan. 30, 1906.
Genus ORTHETRUM.
Newman, Entomological Magazine, i. p. 511, note (1883).
ORTHETRUM CHRYSOSTIGMA.
Libellula chrysostigma Burmeister, Handbuch der Entomologie, ti. p. 857. n. 58 (1835).
Six specimens from the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori: two males and one female
taken at a height of 6000 feet, on Feb. 24, 1906; and two males and one female taken
on March 2, 1906, at a height between 5000 and 7000 feet.
ORTHETRUM sp.
One female specimen: Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 feet, March 20,
1906.
A species allied to O. cagfrum Burm.
ORTHETRUM TRUNCATUM.
Calvert, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. xix. p. 162 (1892); Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xvin. p. 128
(1896).
fab. Kilimanjaro (Calvert) ; Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).
W. F, KIRBY—NEUROPTERA. 61
Genus CAcERGATES.
Kirby, Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, xii. pp. 263, 806 (1889).
CACERGATES LEUCOSTICTUS.
Libellula leucostictus Burmeister, Handbuch der Entomologie, ii. p. 849. n. 8 (1835).
Four specimens, three males and one female, taken at a height of 3500 feet at
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, on May 21, 1906.
Family AUSCHNID &.
Genus ZEScHNA.
Illiger, Magazin fir Insektenkunde, 1. p. 126 (1802).
/ESCHNA ELLIOTI.
Kirby, Annals & Magazine of Natural History, ser. 6, vol. xvii. p. 124 (1896).
Brought by Mr. Scott Elliot from Ruwenzori.
Family AGRIONID A.
Genus PHAON.
De Sélys-Longchamps, Synopsis des Caloptérygines, p. 23 (1858).
PHAON IRIDIPENNIS.
Calopteryx iridipennis Burmeister, Handbuch der Entomologie, ii. p. 827. n. 9 (1835).
A male specimen taken at Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, July 21, 1906.
Genus LIBELLAGO.
De Sélys-Longchamps, Synopsis des Caloptérygines, p. 57 (1853).
LIBELLAGO sp.
Two female specimens, taken at a height of 6000 feet on Feb. 26, 1906, and between
5000 and 7000 feet on March 2, 1906, in Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. It is possibly
a new species, but it would not be desirable to deseribe it without a larger series of
both sexes.
Genus MIcRONYMPHA.
Kirby, Synonymic Catalogue of Neuroptera Odonata, p. 140 (1890).
7
3 £
MICRONYMPHA SENEGALENSIS.
Agrion senegalense Rambur, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes: Névroptéres, p. 276. n. 24
(1842).
Two specimens from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, taken at a height of 6000 feet
on Feb. 24, 1906.
62 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Suborder PLANIPENNIA.
Family MYRMELEONID4.
Genus PALPARES.
Rambur, Histoire Naturelle des Insectes: Névroptéres, p. 365 (1842).
PALPARES PAUCIMACULATA, Sp. nl.
Exp. al. ant. 113 millim., post. 120 millim.; long. corp. 45 millim.
Body thickly clothed with shaggy grey hair; head yellow, antenne, except at base,
black, as also the mandibles, a transverse band below the antenne, and three broad
longitudinal bands, one behind each eye, and the third median and continued over the
pronotum, which is otherwise yellow above and on the front and sides beneath; legs
chestnut-red, tarsi black; abdomen dark brown. Fore-wings hyaline, with yellow
nervures, the bounding nervure black ; the costal cross-nervures formed of two spots,
often united into a thick line; pterostigma veined with yellow; beyond itis a ight brown
irregular patch, dentated on the costal side, and followed by one or two smaller blotches
and spots towards the apex of the wing; below these are two light brown dashes,
running to the hind margin; about the middle of the wing are two irregular spaces
indicated merely by the blackish outlines of the cells, and there are several other
nervures marked with blackish, the most conspicuous being along the forking fourth
nervure, where the spots take the appearance of thorns; the nervules running to the
hind margin are also spotted with black on their inner half, except towards the base.
Hind-wings with many of the cross-nervures in the costal area marked with thick
black lines; pterostigma marked with yellow; three hight brown apical blotches, and
some evanescent dusky marks on the hind margin below; three brown blotches below
the subcostal nervure—the first nearly round, the second forming an irregular oval,
the third forming a longer and narrower irregular stripe, throwing off a curved branch
outwards towards its lower end; below the round spot is a dark sagittate spot, above
two or three small ones on the inner margin; below the second are two small spots
between it and the hind margin; and on the hind margin itself are one or two smaller
black or dusky marks here and there.
The fore-wings are almost exactly similar to P. submaculatus Kolbe. (Deutsch-
Ost-Afrika, iv. Netzfliigler, p. 10. n. 5, plate, f 5), and the hind-wings are very
similar to some varieties of P. lébelluloides Linn., except for the almost total absence of
spots towards the inner margin of the hind wings.
One specimen, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 feet, May 18, 1906.
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
8. ORTHOPTERA.
By W. ¥. Kirsy, 20.8., FES.
teceived November 13, read November 17, 1908.
Family BLATTID &.
Genus BLATTA.
Linnzus, Systema Nature, (ed. x.) i. p. 424 (1758).
BLATTA MONTANA, Sp. 0.
Long. corp. 10-12 millim., lat. 6-7 millim.
Shining black; antennee, mouth-parts, tegmina, and legs rufo-castaneous. Tegmina
short, subquadrate, closely but indistinctly punctured, coriaceous, slightly overlapping,
and rather shorter than the pronotum, only extending to the second segment of the
abdomen. Cerci stout, pointed, about as long as the prominent last ventral segment
of the abdomen.
One male, three females; Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 feet, 1906.
Resembles Blatéta truncata Sauss. from India, but the latter has the tegmina
distinctly striolated.
Genus DyscoLoGAMIA.
Sauss. Rev. Suisse Zool. i. p. 297 (1893).
DYSCOLOGAMIA WOLLASTONI, sp. 0.
Male. Long. corp. 19-20 millim.; exp. al. 55-57 millim.
Head small, reddish behind and black in front, shining; antenne reddish; pronotum
reddish brown or dark brown, the front, and in the lighter specimen a spot on each
side above, reddish; tegmina rufous brown, with the costa redder; scapular nervure
scarcely pale; outer lower half of right tegmen greyish hyaline; wings dingy hyaline,
with the costal border and apex yellowish ; abdomen and legs reddish; terminal
segments of abdomen blackish above.
Resembles D. cesticulata Sauss. from the Malay Peninsula; but the tegmina are
darker, and without whitish markings except very narrowly along the scapular vein.
The veins of the tegmina are less numerous, wider apart, and irregularly reticulated by
64 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
more distinct transverse and loop nervures. There is a rather smaller species, with
lighter tegmina and darker wings, in the Natural History Museum from Mombasa.
Two specimens from Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, collected in June 1906, at an
elevation of 3500 feet.
Family MANTID &.
Genus CALIDOMANTIS.
Rehn, Canadian Entomologist, xxxii. p. 271 (1901).
CaLIDOMANTIS FENESTRATA.
Mantis fenestrata, Fabr. Spec. Ins. i. p. 849, n. 23 (1781).
Five male specimens from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6009-7000 feet, taken on
Dec. 30, 1905, Jan. 14 and 15 and Feb. 5, 1906.
Genus Popa.
Stal, Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Férhandlingar, xii. p. 169 (1856).
POPA SPURCA.
Stal, op. cit. p. 169 (1856).
One specimen from Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, Uganda, at a height of 5000 feet.
Family ACHETID A.
Genus CURTILLA.
Oken, Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte, iii. p. 445 (1815).
CURTILLA AFRICANA.
Gryllotalpa africana Palisot de Beauvois, Insectes recueillies en Afrique et en Amérique,
p- 229, Orth. pl. 2. f. 6 (1805).
Three specimens, taken at Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, at a height of 3500 feet, in
May 1906.
Genus BRACHYTRYPES.
Brachytrupes Serville, Histoire naturelle des Insectes Orthoptéres, p. 323 (1839).
BRACHYTRYPES MEMBRANACEUS.
Gryllus membranaceus Drury, Ulustrations of Exotic Entomology, ii. pl. 43. f. 2 (1778).
Two specimens from Fort Portal, Uganda (5200 feet).
Family PHASGONURIDA.
Genus GRYLLACRIS.
Serville, Annales des Sciences Naturelles, xxii. p. 188 (1831).
W. F. KIRBY—ORTHOPTERA. 65
GRYLLACRIS NANA.
Brunner von Wattenwyl, Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-kéniglichen zoologisch-botanischen
Gesellschaft in Wien, xxxviil. p. 364. n. 92 (1888).
One specimen, taken on Ruwenzori in 1906; no special information. Previously
brought from Ruwenzori by Mr. Scott Elliot.
Genus THAUMATOXENIA, gen. n.
An extremely aberrant insect, but showing some affinity with Debrona Walk.
(Otiaphysa Karsch).
Male.—Head small; fastigium depressed, pointed. Pronotum sellated, the saddle
long and narrow, the principal sulcus forming a rectangle about the middle of its
length, behind which the saddle is widened to the extremity. Cerci incurved and
hooked at the extremity, as long as the subgenital lamina, which is broad and concave
at the extremity. Legs very long and slender; cox with a slight spine ; all the
femora with short spines beneath; tibiee sulcated and spined on the upper ridges and
also beneath ; tegmina oval, about three times as long as broad, and rounded off at the
extremity ; costal and inner marginal areas very broad, the costal area with subparallel
lines or partially reticulated ; the inner marginal area with more regularly curved
parallel lines; between them rise three parallel nervures close together—the first
running to the costa at 2 of its length, and, in one specimen, dissolving into two short
branches on the left side, which soon disappear; the second running to the costa
before the tip, and throwing off beneath at 4 of its length a slender branch which
presently bifurcates and runs to the costa just above the tip; the third bifurcates
almost at the base, and the upper branch is much waved and runs to the margin just
below the tip. After the bifurcation is a long pale space between the branches; the
lower branch curves down to the inner margin, enclosing another pale space, broader
than the upper one, and crossed by more distinct parallel nervules; nearer the base is
a small drum, crossed by a very strong slightly oblique nervure; and the nervure
bounding the lower space beneath runs very close to the inner margin, with which it
soon coalesces. Wings longer than the tegmina, and rather pointed at the extremity.
THAUMATOXENIA LEGGEI, sp. n.
Long. corp. 21 millim.; exp. tegm. 70 millim., lat. 10 millim.; long. tib. post.
28 millim.
Testaceous ; antenne darker beyond the two basal joints ; pronotum above with two
diverging red lines ; tegmina greenish yellow (probably green in life); wings rather
long and narrow, subhyaline, obtusely pointed at the tip, the upper half of which is
greenish yellow.
Two male specimens from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 feet, Dec. 1905,
Jan. 13, 1906.
VOL. X1X.—PaRT 1. No. 9.—October, 1909. K
66
ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family LocustTip &.
Genus ACRYDIUM.
Geoffroy, Histoire abrégée des insectes que se trouvent aux environs de Paris, i. p. 390 (1762)
(Tettiw auct.).
ACRYDIUM DEPRESSUM.
Tetrix depressa Brisout, Annales de la Société entomologique de France, sér. 2, tom. vi.
p. 424 (1848).
Five specimens of this or an allied species, labelled simply ‘‘ Ruwenzori, 1906.”
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
9. RHYNCHOTA.
By W. L. Distant.
Received November 13, read November 17, 1908.
[Puate IT.*]
THIs enumeration of the Rhynchota of Ruwenzori, which were collected by the
Hon. Gerald Legge and Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston, includes 56 species arranged in
41 genera. Of these, 11 species and 1 genus proved to be new. It also includes
species previously described from the collection made by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot in
the -same locality, as well as a few procured on Ruwenzori by Sir H. H. Johnston.
So far as the Rhynchotal fauna is concerned, its affinities are, in the main, distincjly
West African, the South African fauna being much less represented. The absence of
several families from this enumeration shows that this Rhynchotal collection is not
exhaustive, though doubtless very representative.
Suborder HETEROPTERA.
Family PENTATOMID 4.
Subfamily ScuTELLERINA.
Genus SOLENOSTETHIUM.
Solenostethium Spin. Ess. Hém. p. 360 (1837).
SOLENOSTETHIUM SEHESTEDI.
Tetyra sehestedii Fabry. Syst. Rhyng. p. 130. 9 (1803).
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.—Not uncommon on the West Coast of Africa.
Genus STEGANOCERUS.
Steganocerus Mayr, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xiv. p. 902 (1864).
STEGANOCERUS MULTIPUNCTATUS.
Cimex multipunctatus Thunb. Nov. Ins. Sp. ii. p. 30 (1783).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley —Distributed over the whole of Africa south of the
Sahara.
* For explanation of the Plate, see p. 84.
Ka
68 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Genus SPHHROCORIS.
Spherocoris Burm. Handb. Ent. ii. 1, p. 390 (1835).
SPHAROCORIS ANNULUS.
Cimex annulus Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 697 (1775).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.—Also found in the same locality by Mr. Scott
Elliot. Widely distributed over the African continent, excluding the northern and
southern areas.
SPHAROCORIS POCILUS.
Spherocoris pecilus Dall. List Hem. i. p. 9 (1851).
Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).
Also recorded from Nubia and Senegal.
Genus CrYPTAcrvUs.
Cryptacrus Mayr, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xiv. p. 904 (1864).
CRYPTACRUS COMES.
Tetyra comes Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 130 (1803).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.—Sir H. H. Johnston also brought
home the species from the same locality. C. comes is a variable species and widely
distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa. The unicolorous variety seems to be
the dominant form on Ruwenzori.
Genus CaLLIpEa.
Callidea Lap. Ess. Hém. p. 71 (1882).
CALLIDEA BOHEMANI.
Callidea Bohemani Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1858, p. 210.
Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.—Widely distributed in Southern and
Tropical Africa.
Genus Horza,
Hotea Amy. & Serv. Hém. p. 41 (1843).
TLoTEA SUBFASCIATA.
Hotea subfasciata Westw. in Hope Cat. i. p. 11 (1887).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.—Widely distributed in Tropical and
Subtropical Africa.
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. 69
Subfamily Cypnin&.
Genus CypDNUs.
Cydnus Fabr. (part.) Syst. Rhyng. p. 184 (1803).
CYDNUS RUDIS.
Aithus rudis Walk. Cat. Het. i. p. 157 (1867).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.—Originally described from Gambia.
Genus Macroscytus.
Macroscytus Fieb. Kur. Hem. pp. 83, 362 (1861).
MACROSCYTUS BRUNNEUS.
Cydnus brunneus Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 185 (1803).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.—Very widely distributed and found in the Palearctic,
Oriental, and Ethiopian regions.
Subfamily PenraToMIn 2.
Genus ERACHTHEUS.
Eractheus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1861, p- 199.
ERACHTHEUS LUTULENTUS,.
Paramecocoris lutulentus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1853, p. 215.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.—Recorded from South and South-
east Africa.
ERACHTHEUS BORIS.
Sciocoris Boris Dall. Cat. Hem. i. p. 138 (1851).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.—Originally described from an
unlocalized specimen.
ERACHTHEUS CASTANEUS.
Eractheus castaneus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) iv. p. 431 (1899).
Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).
Genus AGABoTus.
Agabotus Dist. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1884, p. 459.
AGABOTUS sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.
A single specimen with the antenne mutilated.
70 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Genus CauRa.
Caura Stal, Hem. Afv. i. p. 168 (1864).
Caura LEGGEI. (Plate II. figs. 1, 1 a.)
Caura leggei Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 487 (1908).
Caura pulcherrima Schout. Aun. Soc. Ent. Belg. xii. p. 372 (1908).
Head, pronotum, and scutellum metallic bluish-green ; corium opaque olivaceous-
green; membrane dark bronzy-green; connexivum indigo-blue; head beneath pale
sanguineous, lateral margins before antennez bluish-black ; sternum metallic bluish-
green, a longitudinal fascia running between coxe pale sanguineous ; abdomen beneath
sanguineous, with a central longitudinal series of five large spots, four on each lateral
area, four on each lateral margin, extreme lateral margin, a small transverse spot on
each side of apical segment, and legs bluish-black ; antennz black, basal joint (excluding
extreme apex) sanguineous, first joint not reaching apex of head, second and third sub-
equal in length, shorter than fourth and fifth, which are also subequal, fourth distinctly
dilated ; rostrum with first joimt sanguineous and reaching base of head, remaining
joints black, second joint about reaching intermediate coxe, third joint short, just
passing intermediate cox, apical joint slightly passing posterior coxe ; head, pronotum,
and scutellum thickly punctate and slightly rugulose; corium very finely and indis-
tinctly punctate, more prominently so on claval and costal areas; connexivum thickly
finely granulose.
Long. 12 mm. Exp. pronot. angl. 8 mm.
Hab. Semliki Valley.
Var.—Ab ove somewhat paler green ; basal joint of antennze black, concolorous; head
beneath blackish, its base ochraceous, all the sanguineous coloration beneath replaced
by ochraceous.
Hab. East Africa; Masaba (Coll. Dist.).
Genus ASPAVIA.
Aspavia Stal, Hem. Afr. i. p. 186 (1864).
ASPAVIA ARMIGERA.
Cimea armiger Fabr. Spec. Ins. 11. p. 348. 64 (1781).
Ruwenzori (G@. /. Scott Hiliot).—An abundant species in West Africa.
Genus CaRBULA.
Carbula Stal, Hem. Afr. i. p. 140 (1864).
CARBULA BICOLOR. (Plate II. figs. 4, 4 a.)
Carbula bicolor Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 437 (1908).
Head, pronotum, scutellum, and corium fuscous-brown ; anterior lateral margins of
pronotum, basal lateral margins of corium, and a somewhat large spot near each basal
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. ql
angle of scutellum pale, levigate, shining ochraceous; membrane bronzy-brown with
the veins darker ; connexivum brownish-ochraceous, its inner margin and the posterior
segmental margins black ; body beneath and legs ochraceous, abdomen with a waved
castaneous line on each lateral area; antenne with the first joint fuscous-brown,
remaining joints pale ochraceous, basal joint not quite reaching apex of head, second,
third, and fourth joints almost subequal in length, fifth a little the longest ; rostrum
just passing the posterior coxee, first joint reaching base of head, second reaching
intermediate coxee and about as long as third and fourth together; head longer than
broad, thickly coarsely punctate, apex of the central lobe a little prominent ; pronotum
broader than long, thickly coarsely punctate, the posterior angles strongly, robustly,
horizontally produced, their apices subacute and very slightly recurved, a little notched
behind ; scutellum coarsely punctate and wrinkled, shorter than corium, basal angular
pale spots subglobose ; corium more finely punctate ; membrane reaching apex of
abdomen.
Long. 9 mm. Exp. pronot. angl. 7 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
CarBuLa FuscaTa. (Plate II. figs. 8, 8 a.)
Awemba fusca Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 439 (1908).
Dark fuscous-brown, apical area of head and produced pronotal angles more piceous ;
antennee, lateral crenulate margins of pronotum, and a large globose spot near each
basal angle of scutellum, ochraceous ; membrane fuscous-grey, veins darker ; connexivum
dull ochraceous, inwardly black ; body beneath paler than above and darkly punctate ;
legs dull ochraceous; head thickly coarsely punctate, apices of lateral lobes outwardly
rounded and widely separated in front of central lobe ; antenne with second and fourth
joints subequal in length, first joint not reaching apex of head, fifth joint mutilated in
type; pronotum coarsely punctate and granulose, lateral angles robustly, spinously,
horizontally produced ; scutellum wrinkled and punctate; corium somewhat opaque
and more sparingly punctate ; rostrum with first joint reaching base of head, second
longest and not quite reaching intermediate coxe, third and fourth shortest and
subequal, fourth slightly passing posterior coxe.
Long. 7 mm. Exp. pronot. angl. 6 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
Genus AWEMBA.
Awemba Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 488 (1908).
Somewhat flatly broad and subovate ; head narrowing anteriorly, lateral lobes distinctly
longer than central lobe, their apices somewhat widely separated ; antennz five-jointed,
basal joint not quite reaching apex of head, second and fourth subequal in length, fifth
longest ; rostrum reaching posterior coxve, first joint reaching base of head, second
longest and not quite reaching intermediate cox, third and fourth joints short and
~1
i)
ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
subequal in length; pronotum much broader than long, lateral angles strongly,
robustly, spinously produced, anterior lateral margins coarsely serrate, posterior margin
truncate before scutellum, lateral margins concavely sinuate, anterior margin excavated
for reception of head ; scutellum about as long as broad at base, its lateral margins
oblique to near middle and then more suddenly narrowed, its apex rounded ; corium
longer than scutellum, not covering connexivum, which is widely exposed ; membrane
somewhat short, about reaching abdominal apex; abdomen beneath convex, apical
angle of sixth abdominal segment acuminate ; legs simple, not spined.
This genus in general appearance and character is somewhat allied to Carbula Stal,
but differs in having not only the lateral lobes of the head longer than the central,
but also the lateral margins of the pronotum serrate.
AWEMBA TyPica. (Plate II. figs. 6, 6a.)
Awemba typica Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 439 (1908).
Pale luteous and more or less thickly punctate, punctures black towards base of head,
sparsely scattered near anterior margin of pronotum, forming a distinct broad basal
fascia between lateral pronotal angles, sparsely distributed over corium and thick and
close at apex of scutellum; antenne with the fourth and fifth joints darker or more
castaneous; pronotum very coarsely punctate, lateral angles robustly, spinously produced;
scutellum coarsely wrinkled and punctate ; corlum somewhat opaque and finely sparsely
punctate; abdomen beneath with spiracles black, sometimes with lateral margins
(broadly) and a central longitudinal fascia (narrowly) darker; other structural
characters as in generic diagnosis.
Long. 8$ to9 mm. Exp. pronot. angl. 7 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.; Ruwenzori, 5600 ft. (G. F.
Scott Elliot).
Genus AGONOSCELIS.
Agonoscelis Spin. Ess. Hém. p. 327 (1837).
AGONOSCELIS VERSICOLOR.
Cimex versicolor Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 120. 155 (1794).
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000-13,000 ft.—Widely distributed in
Tropical and Subtropical Africa.
Genus NEzara.
Nezara Amy. & Serv. Hém. p. 143 (1843).
N@EZARA VIRIDULA.
Cimex viridula Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 444 (1758).
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Almost universally distri-
buted ; found in all the principal zoo-geographical regions.
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. 73
Subfamily Asopina.
Genus Hoptoxys.
Hoploxys Dall. List Hem. i. p. 102 (1851).
HoPLoXxYS C@ERULEUS.
Hoploxys ceruleus Dall. List Hem. i. p. 103 (1851).
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.—Also recorded from the
Congo and Gaboon.
Subfamily TrssaRATOMINA.
Genus TEssARATOMA.
Tessaratoma Lepel. & Serv. Enc. Méth, x. p. 590 (1825).
‘TESSARATOMA HORNIMANI.
Tessaratoma hornimani Dist. Ent. Month. Mag. xiv. p. 63 (1877).
Semliki Valley.—Originally described from West Africa.
Subfamily Diniporin@.
Genus CYCLOPELTA.
Cyclopelta Amy. & Sery. Hist. Hém. p. 172 (1843).
CYCLOPELTA TRISTIS.
Dinidor tristis Stal, Hem. Afr. i. p. 212 (1864).
Ruwenzori (Sir H. H. Johnston).—A well-known West-African species.
Genus ASPONGOPUS.
Aspongopus Lap. (part.) Ess. Hém. p. 58 (1832).
ASPONGOPUS XANTHOPTERUS.
Aspongopus xanthopterus Fairm. in Thoms. Arch. Ent. il. p. 291 (1858).
Semliki Valley.—Originally described from the Gaboon.
ASPONGOPUS NIGROVIOLACEUS.
Pentatoma nigro-violacea Pal. Beauv. Ins. p. 83, Hém. pl. vii. fig. 4 (1805).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. Taken by Sir H. H. Johnston
and Mr. Scott Elliot in the same locality.—Found in the Congo State.
VoL. XIX.—ParT I. No. 10.—October, 1909. L
74 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
ASPONGOPUS ALTERNATUS. (Plate IT. figs. 3, 3 a.)
Aspongopus alternatus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 1. p. 4389 (1908).
Body above, antenne, rostrum, head beneath, sternum, and legs black ; connexivum,
abdomen beneath, and the femora luteous; anal abdominal segment black; head with
the lateral lobes foliaceous and produced in front of the central lobe, their apices
divided ; antennz with the basal joint shortest, second a little shorter than third, fourth
and fifth longest and about subequal in length; rostrum passing anterior but not
quite reaching intermediate coxe, first joint slightly extending beyond base of head,
second a little longer than third and fourth together; pronotum, scutellum, and
corium rugose, the first more finely so and coarsely punctate, the second transversely
rugose and coarsely, sparingly punctate, corium more irregularly rugose and sparingly
coarsely punctate; membrane more piceous than black; tibie sulcate ; tarsi ochra-
ceously pilose.
Long. 133 to 145 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Allied to A. nigroviolaceus Pal. Beauv., but differs in having the second joint of
the antenne shorter than tde third, and in the colour of the under surface of the
abdomen &c.
ASPONGOPUS LIVIDUS.
Aspongopus lividus Dist. Ann. Mag Nat. Hist. (7) ii. p. 315 (1898).
Ruwenzori (Sir H. H. Johnston).—Originally described from Nyasaland.
Family CoreID a.
Subfamily Correa.
Genus HOLoprerna.
Holopterna Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 41 (1878).
HoLopreRNA WOLLASTONI. (Plate II. figs. 14, 14 a.)
Holopterna wollastoni Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) i. p. 440 (1908).
Head and scutellum black; pronotum and corium piceous-black, the latter with a
large ochraceous basal spot ; antennz piceous-black, the apical joint pale ochraceous,
with its extreme base blackish ; membrane dark bronzy; connexivum black and more
or less ochraceously spotted at segmental incisures; body beneath and legs black ;
antenne with basal joint about as long as pronotum, longer than second joint, second,
third, and fourth joints almost subequal in length; rostrum reaching intermediate
coxe, first joint slightly passing base of head, second extending between anterior coxe,
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. 13)
third shortest, just passing anterior cox; head excavated between apices of lateral
lobes; pronotum much shorter than breadth between lateral angles, which are
strongly produced and moderately upwardly and apically slightly recurved, lateral
margins of produced angles crenulate; corium somewhat finely punctate ; posterior
tibie in ¢ spined beneath near apex, posterior femora in ¢ a little curved; second
ventral segment distinctly tuberculous on each lateral area in ¢g, in @ less
prominently so.
Long., ¢ 22, 2 24 to 27 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
HOLopTERNA AFFINIS. (Plate II. figs. 15, 15 a.)
Holopterna affinis Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 11. p. 441 (1908).
Head, pronotum, and scutellum black; corium piceous; membrane dark bronzy ;
body beneath and legs black; tarsi piceous-brown ; antennz ochraceous, the whole of
the first joint (excluding extreme apex), a broad subcentral annulation to second
joint, and a similar annulation to third joint (which, however, extends nearer apex),
black, first joint a little longer than pronotum and only slightly longer than second
joint, third shortest, fourth about subequal to first; rostrum about reaching
intermediate coxe, first joint almost reaching base of head, second reaching anterior
cox, third shortest and just passing anterior coxe, fourth almost reaching inter-
mediate cox; pronotum rugulose, lateral angles produced upwardly and forwardly,
strongly dentate on each edge, their apices acute; second and third ventral segments
in ¢ longly tuberculate on each lateral area; posterior tibie in ¢ flattened and dilated
and spined beneath near apex, posterior femora incrassate, moderately curved, finely
crenulate beneath.
Long., ¢ 22mm. Exp. pronot. angl. 10 mm.
Hab. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.
Allied to H. valga Linn. and H. alata Westw., but separated from both by the
long, acute, and anteriorly produced pronotal angles.
Genus PLECTROPODA.
Plectrocnemia Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 42 (1873), nom. preocc.
Plectropoda Bergr. Aun. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxviii. p. 547 (1894), n. nom.
PLECTROPODA BicoLor. (Plate IT. figs. 13, 13 a.)
Plectrocnemia bicolor Hagl. Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1895, p. 447.
Holopterna ellioti Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. vi. p. 868 (1900).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.; Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot) —
Originally described from Usambara.
76 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Genus Myeponia.
Mygdonia Stal, Hem. Afr. ii. pp. 2, 16 (1865).
Myeponia Montana. (Plate II. figs. 16, 16 a.)
Myydonia montana Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 441 (1908).
$ 2. Piceous-brown; corium shortly, palely, sparingly pilose; extreme apex of
scutellum ochraceous; membrane dark bronzy; antenne pale castaneous, first and
fourth joints subequal in length, second slightly shorter than first, longer than third ;
rostrum reaching intermediate coxe, first joint extending to base of head, second a
little longer than third, which just passes anterior coxe; pronotum coarsely granulose,
lateral angles moderately, roundly, a little upwardly produced, their margins coarsely
crenulate, anterior lateral margins also crenulate or dentate; scutellum transversely
wrinkled; corium finely and indistinctly punctate; posterior femora strongly
incrassate in 3 , shortly, centrally, tuberculously produced beneath and shortly spined
beneath at apex, in 2 only moderately thickened and spined beneath at apex, posterior
tibie in ¢ moderately dilated but not toothed.
Long., ¢ 16, 9 20 mm. Exp. pronot. angl., ¢ 6, 2 74 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
Allied to M. antinorii Leth., but the pronotal angles are much Jess developed
and more laterally and less anteriorly produced, their apices also being more rounded
and obtuse,
Genus ANOPLOCNEMIS.
Anoplocnemis Stal, En. Hem. iii. p. 47 (1878).
ANOPLOCNEMIS CURVIPES.
Cimex curvipes Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 851 (1781).
Mokia, Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.—Distributed over the whole of Tropical and Subtropical
Africa.
ANOPLOCNEMIS SIGNATA. (Plate II. figs. 17, 17 a.)
Anoplocnemis siynata Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vi. p. 873 (1900).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.; Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).
AANOPLOCNEMIS TRISTATOR.
Lygeus tristator Faby. Syst. Rhyng. p. 206. 13 (1803).
Ruwenzori (Sir H. H. Johnston).— Hitherto regarded as a West-African species.
~I
a |
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA.
Genus PLINACHTUS.
Plinachtus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1859, p. 470.
PLINACHTUS PUNGENS.
Cimex pungens Thunb. Nov. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 86 (1783).
Var.—The two lateral pale lines on head extend only to eyes and not to base of
antenne ; antenne nearly totally black.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.—A well-known South-African
species.
Examples of both the typical and varietal forms are contained in the collection.
PLINACHTUS SPINOSUS.
Plinachtus spinosus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1859, p. 470.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.—Also found in South Africa.
Genus CLETUS.
Cletus Stal, Freg. Eug. Resa, Ins. p. 236 (1859).
CLETUS sp.
A single undetermined specimen.
Mubuku Valley, Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.
Genus ACANTHOMIA.
Acanthomia Stal, En. Hem. iii, p. 82 (1878).
ACANTHOMIA INSIGNIS. (Plate II. fig. 7.)
Acanthomia insignis Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) ii. p. 442 (1908).
Head, pronotum, and scutellum piceous; head with two central greyish lines
commencing somewhat near together at base and extending to bases of antenne, a
similar line on each lateral margin passing inner margins of eyes; basal joint of
antenne castaneous, about as long as pronotum, much longer than second joint,
which is ochraceous, remaining joints mutilated in type; pronotum somewhat
greyishly piceous, with three discal longitudinal greyish lines, finely greyishly pilose,
and with a few scattered very profound dark punctures, lateral angles horizontally
spinously produced, their apices slender and smooth, shining black, at about middle of
anterior lateral margins a shorter suberect black spine; scutellum moderately raised
with a central greyish line; corium ochraceous, two longitudinal series of black
punctures in clavus, a black line before clavus, which is apically deflected to apical
margin, and a submarginal black line which does not reach base; membrane greyish,
with the veins piceous; connexivum piceous, marginal spines black and posteriorly .
78 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
directed ; body beneath and legs chocolate-brown, tibie and tarsi ochraceous, bases of
tibie black ; rostrum with basal joint just passing eyes, second joint reaching anterior
coxe, and about equal in length to fourth joint, third a little shorter than first ;
prosternum palely pilose and coarsely punctate; abdomen with oblique greyish lines
on each lateral area.
Long. 9 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 5000-6000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
A strikingly marked species described from a single and somewhat imperfect
specimen.
Subfamily ALypina&.
Genus RIPToRTUS.
Riptortus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1859, p. 460.
RIPTORTUS TENUICORNIS.
Alydus tenuicornis Dall. List Hem. ii. p. 471 (1852).
Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Eiliot)—Originally described from Sierra Leone.
Subfamily Corizin&.
Genus SERINETHA.
Serinetha Spin. Ess. Hém. p. 247 (1837).
SERINETHA HAiMATICA.
Leptocoris hematicus Germ. in Silb. Rev. Ent. v. p. 144 (1837).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Found also in South and West
Africa, Madagascar, and Mauritius.
Family PYRRHOCORID &.
Subfamily Larcina.
Genus PHYSOPELTA.
Physopelta Amy. & Serv. Hist. Hém. p. 271 (1848).
PHYSOPELTA MELANOPTERA.
Physopelta melanoptera Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xiv. p. 61 (1904).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Originally described from West
Africa.
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. 79
Genus MyrMopLasta.
Myrmoplasta Gerst. Jahrb. Hamb. Wissench. Anst. ix. p. 51 (1892).
MYRMOPLASTA POTTERI.
Myrmoplasta potteri Mart. Bull. Mus. Paris, 1900, p. 20.
Salt Lake, S.E. of Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).—Originally described from
Abyssinia.
Subfamily PyrrHocorin a.
Genus CEn aus.
Ceneus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1861, p. 196.
CENAUS SEMIFLAVUS. (Plate IT. fig. 10.)
Ceneus semiflavus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) ix. p. 41 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Mr. Scott Elliot also brought the
species from Ruwenzori, the type being one of his specimens.
Genus DysDERcvs.
Dysdercus Amy. & Serv. Hist. Hém. p. 272 (1843).
DYSDERCUS NIGROFASCIATUS.
Dysdercus nigrofasciatus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1855, p. 36.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Recorded from both South and
West Africa.
DyspErcus PRETIOSUS. (Plate II. fig. 11.)
Dysdercus pretiosus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) ix. p. 42 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Originally described from Ruwensori
specimens taken by Mr. Scott Elliot.
Family REDUVIID 2.
Subfamily Ecrrichoprns.
Genus SANTOSIA.
Santosia Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1858, p. 442.
SANTOSIA MACULATA.
Reduvius maculatus Faby. Spec. Ins. ii. p. 378 (1781).
Mubuku Valley, K. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Also found on the West Coast of
Africa.
80 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Subfamily Harpacrorin@.
Genus Harpactor.
Harpactor Lap. Ess. Hém. p. 8 (1832); Dist. (incl. subg.) Faun. Brit. Ind., Rhynch. ii.
p. 832 (1904).
HARPACTOR ORNATELLUS. (Plate IT. figs. 12, 12 a.)
Harpactor ornatellus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xi. p. 206 (1903).
Ruwenzori (G. F. Scott Elliot).
Family NEPID&.
Genus LACCOTREPHES.
Laccotrephes Stal, Hem. Afr. iii. p. 186 (1865).
LACCOTREPHES ATER.
Nepa atra Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, i. 2, p. 718. 4 (1767).
Ruwenzori (G@. F. Scott Elliot).
Genus Ranatra.
Ranatra Fabr. Syst. Rhyng. p. 108 (1803).
RANATRA FUSCOANNULATA. (Plate II. fig. 9.)
Ranatra fuscoannulata Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xiv. p. 64 (1904).
Ruwenzori (G. FL. Scott Elliot).
Suborder HOMOPTERA.
Family CICADID&.
Subfamily Cicapinz.
Genus PLATYPLEURA.
Platypleura Amy. & Serv. Hist. Hém. p. 465 (1848).
PLATYPLEURA DIVISA.
Cicada divisa Germ. in Silb. Rev. Ent. ii. p. 80, t. xxiii. (1834).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.—Not uncommon in South Africa.
PLATYPLEURA WAHLBERGI.
Platypleura wahlbergi Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Férh. 1855, p. 89.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.—Also found in South Africa.
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA. 81
Genus Uaapa.
Ugada Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xiv. p. 299 (1904).
UGADA GRANDICOLLIS.
Cicada graneicollis (err. impr.) Germ. in Thon, Ent. Arch. ii. 2, p. 1 (1830).
Between Irumu and Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2000 ft. (2. B. Woosnam)—A well-
known West-African species.
Family CERCOPID &.
Subfamily APHROPHORIN2.
Genus PryE.us.
Ptyelus St.-Farg. & Serv. Enc. Méth. x. p. 608 (1825).
PTYELUS FLAVESCENS.
Tettigonia flavescens Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 24. 30 (1794).
Var. a, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 70 (1866).
Ruwenzori (G. . Scott Hiliot)—Widely distributed in Tropical and Subtropical
Africa.
PTYELUS GROSSUS.
Cercopis grossa Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 47. 1 (1794).
Var. a, Stal, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 71 (1866).
Var. c, Stal, loc. cit. p. 72.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.; Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.—
Widely distributed in Tropical and Subtropical Africa.
PTYELUS NivEuS. (Plate II. figs. 2, 2 a.)
Ptyelus niveus Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.:(8) ii. p. 443 (1908).
Body and legs creamy ochraceous ; pronotum, scutellum, and abdomen above more
or less suffused with stramineous; basal antenniferous tubercle, a longitudinal spot
near bases of anterior tibie, anterior and intermediate tarsi, apical fringe of posterior
tibia and claws of posterior tarsi, black; base of apical joint of intermediate tarsi
creamy ochraceous; tegmina silvery white, opaque, base of costal margin and a short
median discal longitudinal line, black, reticulate veins at apical area piceous; vertex
along median line half as long as breadth between eyes, a distinct impression enclosing
a small lunate space a little before apex; face a little centrally longitudinally flattened,
laterally transversely striate ; pronotum anteriorly convexly rounded, posteriorly strongly
VOL. XIX.—PART I. No. 11.— October, 1909. M |
82 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
concavely excavate before scutellum, which is longer than broad ; posterior tibie with
two spines, that nearer base shorter and somewhat indistinct.
Long. excl. tegm. 11 mm. Exp. tegm. 30 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Genus LEPYRONIA.
Lepyronia Amy. & Serv. Hém. p. 567 (1843).
LEPYRONIA 2THIOPS. (Plate II. figs. 5, 5a.)
Lepyronia ethiops Dist. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) u1. p. 443 (1908).
Pale stramineous; two median longitudinal fascie extending through the surface of
head, pronotum, and scutellum, in latter occupying the lateral angles, lateral margins
of head (not reaching apex), lateral margins of pronotum, basal and inner margins of
clavus, basal costal margin of tegmina, a costal spot behind middle, two oblique inner
fascize on apical area, a spot on each basal side of head beneath between the face and
eyes, a spot on each side of base of clypeus, a longitudinal fascia on each side of
sternum, and abdomen beneath, black; legs ochraceous; head shorter than pronotum,
ocelli a little less removed from each other than from eyes ; tegmina distinctly thickly
punctate ; posterior tibie with two strong spines.
Long. 6 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
0,
PLA Te
val
ce
ae
Mihee a)
84
10.
Hailes
alias
IS,. LS. a
14, 144.
15, 15a.
16, 16 a.
Nis Le @
W. L. DISTANT—RHYNCHOTA.
PLATE II.
Caura legget Dist., p. 70.
Ptyelus niveus Dist., p. 81.
Aspongopus alternatus Dist., p. 74.
Carbula bicolor Dist., p. 70.
Lepyronia ethiops Dist., p. 82.
Awemba typica Dist., p. 72.
Acanthomia insignis Dist., p. 77.
. Carbula fuscata Dist., p. 71.
Ranatra fuscoannulata Dist., p. 80.
Ceneus semiflavus Dist., p. 79.
Dysdercus pretiosus Dist., p. 79.
Harpactor ornatellus Dist., p. 80.
Plectropoda bicolor Hagl., p. 75.
Holopterna wollastoni Dist., p. 74.
95 affinis Dist., p. 75.
Myqdonia montana Dist., p. 76.
Anoplocnemis signata Dist., p. 76.
Srant Lool Soo Vol NIX GE I.
13a,
17a
_———————————
13
Horace Knight del.et lith.
West, Newman chromo.
RHYNCHOTA.
Le
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
10. DIPTERA.
By Ernest E. Austen, F.Z.8.
Received November 13, read November 17, 1908.
[Puare III.*]
THe Diptera brought home by the Ruwenzori Expedition were not numerous,
consisting of only eighteen specimens, belonging to six families and thirteen species.
Seeing that the Diptera of Central Africa have as yet scarcely been collected at all, it
is not surprising to find that a large proportion (no fewer than eight, or 61°5 per cent.)
of these species prove to be new. One of the new species was recently described
by Miss Gertrude Ricardo, but descriptions of the remaining seven will be found in
the following pages.
In order to make the present contribution as complete as possible a few Diptera
obtained by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot during a previous visit to Ruwenzori have
been studied in conjunction with those captured by the Ruwenzori Expedition.
Mr. Scott Elliot’s material belongs to six species, five of which are apparently
new; and, since three of the latter are additional to the species brought back by the
Ruwenzori Expedition, the total number of new species described below is ten.
The Diptera procured by the Ruwenzori Expedition were collected by the Hon.
Gerald Legge and Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston.
Family TABANID&.
Subfamily TaBanina.
Hamatopota Mg.
Hematopota Meigen, Iliger’s Magazin fiir Insektenkunde, Bd. 11. 1803, p. 267.
TL#MATOPOTA PULCHRITHORAX Austen.
Second Report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories, Gordon Memorial College, Khartoum,
1906, p. 54, pl. v.
2 2 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 18th May.
* For explanation of the Plate, see p. 102.
86 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Tasanus Linn.
Tabanus Linneeus, Fauna Suecica, ed. 11., 1761, p. 462.
TABANUS FascraTuUS Fabr.
Systema Entomologie, 1775, p. 788.
1°. Below Basoko, Congo River, 1400 ft., November.
TABANUS RUWENZORI Ricardo. (Plate III. fig. 1.)
Annals & Magazine of Natural History, ser. 8, vol. i., April 1908, p. 332.
2 2 2. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000-13,000 ft., 22nd Jan. and 2nd Feb.
Family BoMBYLIID&.
Subfamily BomBy.ina.
Bomsyuius Linn.
Bombylius Linneeus, Fauna Suecica, ed. 1., 1761, p. 471.
Bomsytius sp. (No. 1.)
3, 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft., 29th Jan.; and Mokia,
S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 31st Jan.
Bompy.ius sp. (No. 2.)
1 @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 50th Jan.
The specimens of both of these species of Bombylius are so much damaged as to
render it hopeless either to identify or describe them.
Family ASILID &.
Subfamily Lapyruna.
PROAGONISTES * Lw.
Proagonistes Loew, Ofv. af K. Vetensk.-Akad. Férhandl. 1857, p. 367; ‘ Die Dipteren-Fauna
Siidafrika’s,’ 1860, p. 170 (Abhandl. des Naturwiss. Vereins fiir Sachsen u. Thiiringen,
Bd. i. p. 242).
* This genus, founded for Proagonistes validus Lw., from Caffraria, was placed among the Asilinz by its
author, though the latter at the same time suggested that its proper place might be among the Laphriine,
it being impossible to decide the question with certainty, since the third joint of the antenna was missing in
the case of Loew’s type. The specimens belonging to the genus in the British Museum (Natural History) are
for the most part in better condition, and show that Proagonistcs should be assigned to the Laphriine. The
following species, referred to by Loew in his original description, also belong to Proagonistes: Laphria
rufibarbis Babr. (called “rufipes” by Loew, Ofv. af K. Vetensk.-Akad. Férhandl. 1857, p, 367), W. Africa;
L. ufens Walk., Sierra Leone; and ZL. praceps Walk., Natal. Besides these, the Museum collection includes
two or three specimens, apparently belonging to species of this genus at present undescribed, and among
others an example of a very large species, with exceedingly long hind legs, from Madagascar.
ERNEST H. AUSTEN—DIPTERA.
(o's)
~j
PROAGONISTES PRADO, sp.n. (Plate III. fig. 2.)
3.—Length (1 specimen) 27 mm.; width of head 6°2 mm.; width of front at
vertex 1:6 mm.; length of wing 24 mm.
Black; dorsum of thorax in type chiefly dull, scutellum and dorsum of abdomen
moderately shining and purplish-black ; dorsum of thorax with a ferruginous* stripe
along each side, including humeral callus and extending beyond suture; wings dark
brown with a purplish tinge, central portion of second, third, fourth, and fifth posterior
cells, and of axillary cell, and upper margin of second basal cell paler ; wpper surface
of front and middle femora and distal third (below not more than distal fourth) of
hind femora black, under side of front and middle femora and proaimal two-thirds or
three-fourths of hind femora burnt-sienna coloured ; tibiw orange-rufous, tarsi, especially
front pair, somewhat darker, hind tibice with a dark brown spot above at extreme tips,
last three joints of front and middle tarsi each with a small black spot below.
Head shining black, with a roughly semicircular ferruginous spot on each side of
the prominent facial tubercle, which bears a conspicuous tuft of long and coarse
orange-rufous hair; front, sides of face, and occipital region clothed with similarly
coloured hair, beard yellowish white; anterior ocellus in case of type small but
distinct; first and second joints of antenne orange-rufous, clothed with similarly
coloured hair and bristles, second joint also with some black hairs, third joint mummy-
brown, elongate ovate when viewed from the side; palpi shining black, clothed at tips
with orange-rufous hair; tip of proboscis clothed above with chrome-yellow hair.
Thorax: hairs and bristles on dorsum and scutellum black, lateral ferruginous stripes
clothed with orange-rufous hair, the long bristles on the posterior two-thirds of each
stripe also orange-rufous; pleure clothed mainly with black hairs, but with a few
yellowish-white hairs above each coxa. Abdomen clothed above with short black
hairs, on sides and below with longer black hair; genitalia burnt-sienna coloured,
clothed at tips with orange-buff hair. Wings: second submargina! cell commencing
just beyond level of end of discal cell, long, and its proximal two-thirds narrow.
Halteres ochraceous-buff. Legs: front and middle coxe clothed with yellowish-white,
hind coxe with black hairs; front and middle femora clothed above with black hairs,
below and on each side with long and fine hairs, tending to curl at tips, and for most
part yellowish on basal, black on distal half of femora; tips of middle and hind femora
above and of front femora on each side clothed with orange-rufous hair; spines or stout
bristles towards tips of middle and hind femora ferruginous; hind femora clothed
mainly with black hair, long and fine on sides and below; hair on tibie and tarsi
ochraceous, spines ferruginous ; first joint of hind tarsi long and not inerassate ; basal
half or basal third of claws ferruginous, remainder black.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 5th Feb.
* For names and illustrations of colours, see Ridgway, ‘A Nomenclature of Colors for Naturalists’
(Boston: Little, Brown, & Company, 1886).
83 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The lateral ferruginous stripes on the dorsum of the thorax will suffice to distinguish
P. predo from the other species of the genus previously described.
Family SYRPHID&.
Subfamily SyRPHINa.
SyrpuHus Fabr.
Syrphus Fabricius, Systema Entomologiz, 1775, p. 762.
SyRPHuS ADLIGATUS Wied. (Plate ITI. fig. 3.)
Syrphus adligatus Wiedemann, Analecta Entomologica, 1824, p. 35; Aussereuropiaische
zweifliigelige Insekten, 11. 1830, p. 122.
2 3 6. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Hlliot).
Asarcina Macq.
Asarkina Macquart, Mémoires de la Société royale des Sciences, de Agriculture et des Arts,
de Lille, 1842, p. 187 ; ‘ Diptéres Exotiques,’ 11. 2, 1842, p. 77.
ASARCINA AMG@NA, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 4.)
3, %.—Length (2 specimens) 11°6 mm. (¢ ), 12 mm. (2); width of head 3°6 mm.
(3), 3:8 mm. (¢); width of front at vertex in @ 95 mm.; length of wing 10°5 mm.
(o), 11:4 mm. (@ ).
Face conical. Agreeing with A. rostrata Wied. in general coloration, but black
transverse bands on abdomen deeper; distinguished from both A. rostrata Wied. and
A. eremophila Lw. by having no median black stripe on face; a dark brown semi-
circular mark above front edge of buccal cavity ; third joint of antenne dark brown,
except lower basal angle ; wings longer than in A. rostrata Wied., moderately infuscated,
colour not intensified at certain spots, first and second costal cells not darker than
remainder of surface.
Head saffron-yellow, upper half of front in @ bronze-black ; vertical and frontal
triangles in ¢g and front in 2 clothed with black hair, face and occipital region
clothed with chrome-yellow hair, basi-occipital margin clothed with silvery hair; first
joint of antenne ochraceous-buff, second joint cinnamon-rufous, both joints stout,
clothed with black hair, approximately equal in length in ¢, first joint in 2 about
one-third longer than second; arista clove-brown. Thorax: dorsum, except lateral
stripe and scutellum, shining bronze-black, lateral stripe and scutellum gamboge-
yellow, scutellum clothed with black, remainder of thorax with yellow hair; pleure
and pectus yellowish pollinose on a bronze-black ground, some yellow patches clothed
with long chrome-yellow hair beneath base of wing. Abdomen saffron-yellow; dorsum
ERNEST BE. AUSTEN—DIPTERA. 89
with four fairly deep transverse black bands, each of middle two of which isin ¢
narrowly connected with foregoing band on each side; these bands occupy hinder
portion of second and three following segments, and each of first three bands also
encroaches slightly on following segment; there is also a semicircular black median
area on first segment, posterior margin of which extends over on to second segment,
on which it is connected by a median black longitudinal mark with first black
transverse band; in 9, yellow band on third segment is slightly constricted in
middle; dorsum of abdomen, except basal angles, clothed with black hair, basal
angles clothed with chrome-yellow hair; venter yellow and clothed with pale
chrome-yellow hair, lateral extremities of second and third dorsal black bands
more or less visible; genitalia of ¢g orange-buff, pollinose, and clothed with pale
chrome-yellow hair. Wings brownish, stigma russet ; bend of third longitudinal vein
above first posterior cell shallow but fairly sharp. Halteres yellow. Legs orange-buft,
tarsi dark brown, hind femora and tibiz in ¢ brownish.
Hab. Ruwenzori: ¢, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 15th Jan. ;
2, Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot).
ASARCINA PUNCTIFRONS, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 5.)
$.—Length (1 specimen) 12°5 mm.; width of head 4 mm.; length of win
12°5 mm.
Face conical. Agreeing with A. rostrata Wied. in general coloration, but black
transverse bands on abdomen deeper; a relatively large clove-brown median spot on
frontal triangle above base of antenne; facial tubercle in type reddish brown, but
(at any rate in type) no distinct median black stripe on face, and no dark brown semi-
circular mark above front edge of buccal cavity; first and second joints of antenne
stout, first joint barely one-fourth longer than second, lower margin of third joint
ochraceous-rufous ; second segment of abdomen with a very narrow median black
longitudinal stripe; yellow bands on third and following segments not constricted in
middle; wings strongly infuscated, the colour somewhat intensified at certain spots,
such as distal extremity of second longitudinal vein ; first and second costal cells darker
than remainder of wing except stigma.
Head deep saffron-yellow, frontal triangle clothed with black hair, face with saffron-
oO
to)
yellow hair; occipital margin clothed above with pale yellow, on sides and below
with silvery hair; first and second joints of antenne cinnamon-rufous, third joint,
except extreme base and lower margin, dark brown, arista dark brown. Thorax as in
A. amena Austen. Abdomen also as in foregoing species, except that median black
stripe on dorsum of second segment is longer and more attenuated, while (at least in case
of type) yellow band on third segment shows no trace of median constriction. Wings
bistre, with lighter and darker regions; depression of third longitudinal vein above
‘first posterior cell merely a very gentle undulation rather than a bend. Halteres
VoL. XIX.—PART I. No. 12.— October, 1909. N
90 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
yellow. Legs tawny, hind tibize brownish, tarsi dark brown, hind femora with a dark
brown streak on outer side, broader on basal half.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
Asarcina punctifrons is distinguished from A. rostrata Wied. and A. eremophila
Lw. inter alia by the shorter and stouter first joint of the antenne, and by the first
and second black transverse bands on the abdomen being entirely parallel, and not in
the least expanded in the middle; from A. amana Austen, the new species may at
once be distinguished by the strongly infuscated wings and the presence of the dark
frontal spot.
Subfamily Eristaiya.
Senaspis Macq.
Senaspis Macquart, Mémoires de la Société Nationale des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts,
de Lille, 1849 (Lille : 1850), p. 437; Dipteres Exotiques, 4° Supplément, 1850, p. 133.
Plagiocera Loew (nec Macquart), Ofv. af K. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 1857, p. 381; ‘Die
Dipteren-Fauna Siidafrika’s, p. 317 [889] (1860).
SENASPIS 28acus Walk. (Plate III. fig. 6.)
Helophilus esacus Walker, ‘List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of
the British Museum,’ part i. 1849, p. 609.
Plagiocera maculipennis Lw. Ofv. af K. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. 1857, loc. cit.; ‘ Die Dipteren-
Fauna Sidatrika’s,’ loc. cit.
(?) Eristalis latevittatus Bigot, ‘ Archives Entomologiques,’ 11. 1858, p. 365, pl. x. fig. 9.
1 @, between Salt Lake and Wawamba Country, Ruwenzori district (G. F.
Scott Elliot). Specimens of this species from Busoga, Uganda, March (Dr. Aubrey
Hodges), and Entebbe, Uganda, June, “taken in Laboratory” (Captain HE. D. W.
Greig, I.M.S.), are also in the Museum coliection, which includes other examples from
Ashanti and Sierra Leone, showing that S. ewsacus has a very wide distribution in
‘Tropical Africa. If Eristalis latevittatus Big. be really a synonym of S. @sacus, the
species also occurs in Gaboon.
SENASPIS ELLIOTI, sp.n. (Plate III. fig. 7.)
3, 2-—Length, ¢ (1 specimen) 15 mm., 2 (4 specimens) 14 to 16mm.; width
of head, ¢ 5, 2 5:2 to 5°6 mm.; width of front at vertex in 2 1 mm. to just over
1 mm.; length of wing, ¢ 11:5, 2 12°5 to 13°5 mm.
Black ; abdomen shining black, dorsum of thorax covered with light yellowish-grey
pollen and thickly clothed with similarly coloured hair (ma 2 from HE, Africa the
dorsum of the thorax is deeper—buff-yellow) ; scutellum buff-yellow; wings deep
purplish-brown from base to bottom of bend in third longitudinal vein above first
pesterior cell, distal extremity and hind margin more or less distinctly paler, though
first posterior cell sometimes infuscated, proximal two-thirds of both basal cells and
’ ERNEST E. AUSTEN—DIPTERA. 91
proximal half of anal cell usually orange-buff, discal cell and distal extremities of
second basal and anal cells often with darker centres enclosing a paler area; alula
hyaline, except base, which is slightly infuscated; hind tibie fringed with black hair
on inner and outer side, fringe on inner margin especially conspicuous.
Head black, vertical and frontal triangles in ¢ and front in 2 clothed with black
hair, frontal triangle in ¢ shining, front in 2? with a dull clove-brown transverse
band above middle, elsewhere shining ; face light greyish or silvery pollinose, tubercle
and area immediately above it shining black ; occipital region clothed with yellowish
hair, with a more or less conspicuous fringe of blackish hair above in 2; antenne
clove-brown or black, arista cinnamon. Thorax: pleure and pectus clothed with black
hair ; sewtel/um clothed with hair of same colour as that covering remainder of dorsum.
Abdomen: dorsum clothed with minute, appressed, black hairs, sides clothed with
longer black hair; dorsum of second segment with a larger or smaller dull black
median area, resting on front margin, and confined to anterior third; ¢ genitalia
yellowish-grey pollinose, sparsely clothed with short yellowish hairs. Wéngs: distal
margin of darker area straight, forming a transverse line, majority of veins within
darker area usually bordered with orange-buff. Squame butf-yellow, fringed with
similarly coloured hair. Legs entirely black, clothed with black hair.
Hab. Ruwenzori and East Africa Protectorate: type of ¢ from Ruwenzori, 7000-
8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot); type of 2 taken between Salt Lake and Wawamba
Country, Ruwenzori district (G. F. Scott Elliot); other specimens from Ruwenzori,
6000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Hiliot); Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.,
1st March ; and Makumbu, East Africa Protectorate, Feb. and March (C. S. Betton).
I have much pleasure in associating with this fine species the name of its discoverer,
Mr. G. H. Scott Elliot.
In addition to those already mentioned, the following African species also belong to
the genus Senaspis:—S. flaviceps Macq. (the type of the genus), Merodon umbrifer
Walk. (List Spec. Dipt. Ins. in Coll. Brit. Mus. iii. 1849, p. 601.—Sierra Leone :
closely allied to S. wsacus Walk.), Dolichomerus nigritus Big. (Madagascar), and
Plagiocera hemorrhoa Gerst. (Baron Carl Claus von der Decken’s Reisen in Ost-
Afrika, Bd. ii. Abth. i. 1869, p. 891, Taf. xvi. fig. 6.—Central and East Africa).
Meeaspis Macq.
Megaspis Macquart, Mémoires de la Société royale des Sciences, de Agriculture et des Arts,
de Lille, 1841, p. 87; Diptéres Exotiques, t. 11. 2, 1842, p. 27.
MBEGASPIS BULLIGERA, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 8.)
3d, 2.—Length, ¢ (5 specimens) 10:25 to 11:75 mm., 2 (5 specimens) 8°8 to
12 mm.: width of head, ¢ 4:8 to 5-4, 2 3:8 to 5 mm.; width of front at vertex in
¢ 16 to 2 mm.; length of wing, ¢ 9 to 10, 29 8 to 10 mm.
General coloration of body mummy-brown, greater portion of abdomen often clove-
N 2
92 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
brown or black, second, third, and fourth abdominal segments, in middle line above,
each with a conspicuous, black, rownded tubercle (that on second segment most
prominent), shining in centre but dull black on margin in specimens in good condition ;
wings with a light brownish tinge, and with a narrow and somewhat oblique dark brown
band, eatending from costa, at distal extremity of mediastinal vein, to upper distal
angle of second basal cell.
Head black, covered with yellowish pollen, and clothed with short hair ranging in
colour from straw-yellow to light buff-yellow; front in @ broad, an area on vertical
region surrounding ocelli, and sometimes extending forwards to middle, covered with
dark brown pollen and clothed with dark brown or black hair; face with narrow
shining black tubercle in middle line below depression beneath antenne, which are
clove-brown, second joint sometimes lighter (chestnut) ; arista ochraceous-buff, clothed
on basal half with short hairs, distal extremity bare. Thorax: dorsum, including
seutellum, thickly clothed with short tawny or raw-sienna-coloured hair, often forming
a conspicuous tuft in front of base of wing on each side; scuteliwm with a dull
cinnamon-rufous tinge, with an ill-defined darker transverse band near front margin.
Abdomen clothed with short maize-yellow hair (straw-yellow on first segment, which is
shining black) ; second segment dull cinnamon-rufous, with a broad subtriangular black
mark resting on hind margin, with its apex, which does not always reach front margin,
including the median tubercle, and its sides curving outwards to meet the sides of the
segment about halfway between the front and hind margins ; third and fourth segments
mainly black, but a dull cinnamon-rufous transverse mark, with its posterior margin
concave, usually visible next front margin of each segment on either side of middle
line ; these marks may be indistinguishable on fourth segment, hind border of which
is sometimes cinnamon-rufous. Wings: extreme base dark brown ; alu/e@ brownish at
base ; in certain specimens bend of third longitudinal vein into first posterior cell has
a small appendix beneath. Squame@ dark sepia, fringes brownish. Legs: all tarsi
ochraceous or ochraceous-rufous ; femora more or less black (buff or ochraceous-buff at
extreme tips, more or less ochraceous or ochraceous-rufous at base), middle femora
sometimes largely ochraceous, usual patch of closely-set, minute, black bristles clearly
visible at base of each femur on under side, hind femora somewhat swollen; front
tibiee cream-buff at base, which is clothed with silvery or pale yellowish hair, darker on
distal half or two-thirds, where the hair is black on the outer and brown or ochraceous
on the inner side; middle tibiee cream-buff or cream-coloured at base, ochraceous-buff
or even sometimes darker towards distal extremities, clothed (at least at base) with
silvery or yellowish-silvery hair, which towards distal extremity usually passes into
bright orange-ochraceous hair ; hind tibie black or dark brown, cream-buff at extreme
base and ochraceous or ochraceous-rufous at distal extremity, clothed on outer side at
base with silvery, and elsewhere on outer side and on posterior surface with bright
ochre-yellow or orange-ochraceous hair, and fringed on inner margin, except at
extremities, with long black hair.
ERNEST E. AUSTEN—DIPTERA. 93
Hab. Ruwenzori and Entebbe, Uganda Protectorate; and Ashanti and Sierra
Leone, W. Africa; type of ¢ from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.,
17th Jan.; type of @ from Sierra Leone (ex Bigot Collection, presented by
Mr. G. H. Verrail); the other specimens in the Museum collection include a 9°,
taken between Salt Lake and Wawamba Country, Ruwenzori district (G. F.
Scott Elliot); another 2, from Entebbe, Uganda, May, “caught in laboratory ”
(Captain E. D. W. Greig, I.M.S.); 3 6 6 and 1 g from Obuasi, Ashanti, January,
June, August, and September (Dr. W. M. Graham); and a ¢ and ? from Sierra
Leone (taken respectively by Swrgeon-Captain Clements and J. Foxcroft).
Megaspis bulligera may at once be distinguished by the coloration of the body and
wings from Megaspis bullata (Hristalis bullatus) Lw. (Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad.
Forhandl. 1857, 381; and ‘ Die Dipteren-Fauna Siidafrika’s,’ 1860, [891] 319), which
also has shining tubercles on the abdomen, and the type of which was taken in Caffraria:
in Df. bullata the body and the front portion of the proximal half of the wing are deep
black. In the ¢ of IL bulligera, taken by Surgeon-Captain Clements in Sierra Leone,
the light area on the second abdominal segment is of a wood-brown instead of a dull
cinnamon-rufous colour, while, with the exception of the raised tubercles, the parts of
the abdomen that are normally black are merely mummy-brown. The specimen
selected as the type of the 2, which, as stated above, is from the collection of the late
M. Bigot, bears the following label in Bigot’s handwriting :—‘ Hristalis trichopus, @ .
N. sp. inedict. Quincy, Novembre 1891. M. Bigot.—Sierra Leone.” No species,
however, appears to have ever been described by Bigot under the name Eristalis
trichopus, and the specimen does not, as at first seemed probable, agree with the
description of Simoides trichopus Bigot (Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1x. 1891, 373), the type of
which, moreover, would appear to be from Assini.
Superfamily MUSCOIDEA, Townsend.
Family TacHINIDA.
Subfamily Tacuininz.
DesEANta Rob.-Desv.
Dejeania Robineau-Desvoidy, Essai sur les Myodaires, 1830, p. 33.
DEJEANIA WOLLASTONII, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 9.)
¢, ¢.—Length, ¢ (5 specimens) 11 to 12 mm., 2 (8 specimens) 9°25 to 13 mm.;
width of head, ¢ 3:25 to 3:6, 2 3to 4mm.; width of front at vertex, ¢ 1 to just
over 1, 2 1 to1-4 mm.; length of wing, ¢ 10 to 12, 2 9°6 to 12 mm.; length of
portion of palpi projecting beyond epistoma 2} to 3 mm.; length of proboscis, from
bend near base to tip, 4 to 5°6 mm.
94 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Pectus, pleure, lateral margins of dorsum of thorax, and legs cinnamon-rufous ;
dorsum of thorax black, greyish pollinose; abdomen chestnut, sometines cinnamon-
rufous, especially beneath, dorsum greyish pollinose in specimens in good condition,
especially near front margins of segments, second, third, and fourth segments each with
a triangular or elongate median black spot (sometimes indistinguishable or absent on
one or more, or even all of the segments); all macrochete and spines black ; wings sepia-
coloured, with a dark brown area (sometimes russet-brown, or wholly or partly absent)
on antero-proaimal portion, extending from base to end of first longitudinal vein.
Head: face and jowls buff, whitish pollinose, frontal stripe burnt-umber-coloured or
chocolate-brown, sides of front usually blackish, sometimes burnt-umber-coloured ;
occiput blackish, greyish pollinose ; epistoma very prominent; basioccipital region
clothed with long whitish hair; face on each side with an irregular row of fine black
bristles, descending nearly to level of lower margin of eye; proboscis cinnamon-rufous,
darker towards tip, long, slender, and projecting beyond palpi, which are ochraceous
or ochraceous-buff, and also very slender, with margins of portion projecting beyond
epistoma parallel, and clothed with black bristles, which are longer below, especially
at distal extremity ; antennw cinnamon-rufous to dark chestnut or dark brown, first
and second joints usually lighter than third joint, second and third joints light greyish
pollinose, third joint very much wider in ¢ than in ?, arista dark brown, with second
joint moderately elongate, and third joint, except distal extremity, minutely pubescent.
Thorax: dorsum with greyish pollinose covering most distinct in front, where may be
seen commencement of a pair of narrow, admedian, dark, longitudinal stripes, which
disappear before reaching transverse suture ; fine hair clothing dorsum between macro-
chete uniformly black ; mesopleure whitish pollinose, with fine whitish hair at base
of black bristles; scutel/wm dull chestnut. Abdomen: black median spots on dorsum
not or scarcely reaching hind margins of segments, with their bases resting on front
margins; fine hair clothing dorsum black, sometimes more or less whitish, that on
sides whitish ; second segment with two or three, third segment with from four to six
spines on each side in front of marginal series, arranged in a more or less regular
transverse row. Wings: veins beyond darker area sometimes bordered with darker
colour. iegs clothed mainly with black hair and bristles, but with whitish or
yellowish hair on under side of basal half of femora, and pile on under side of hind
tarsi bright buff-yellow.
Hab. Ruwenzori, Uganda; and East Africa Protectorate: types of g and 2 and
one other @ from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-13,000 ft., 14th, 17th, and
31st Jan.; also 1g, 2 2 2 from Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot) ;
2366, 2 9 2 from Njoro, E, Africa Protectorate (A. J. Cholmley); and 1 ¢ and
2 9 2 from Mombasa, E. Africa Protectorate (A. J. Cholmley). A specimen from
the last-mentioned locality bears the label :—‘* Hatched in box of moth and butterfly
chrysalides.” I have much pleasure in naming this species in honour of Mr. A. F. R.
ERNEST E. AUSTEN—DIPTERA. 95
Wollaston, one of the members of the Ruwenzori Expedition, of which he has recently
published a fascinating account *.
In spite of the variation exhibited by the series of specimens enumerated above, as
regards the presence or absence—partial or complete—of the spots on the abdomen
and the dark area on the anterior portion of the proximal half of the wing, it is
impossible to regard the differences as anything more than individual. As regards
the abdominal markings, at any rate, somewhat similar differences are exhibited by
Deeania capensis Rob.-Desv. (? = Dejeania (Stomoxys) bombylans Fabr.), a widely
distributed species in Central and South Africa, which can readily be distinguished
from D. wollastonii owing to the general chrome-yellow colour of the body, by contrast
with which the black abdominal spots are much more conspicuous.
SERICOPHOROMYIA f, gen. n.
Allied to Chetolyga{ Rond., but distinguished by the claws and pulvilli of the 3 not
being elongate, and by the special character of the thoracic hair, or a portion thereof.—
Stoutly built, thick-set flies, with densely hairy eyes, and thorax (dorsuin or pleure, or
both) thickly clothed between the macrochete with fine, yellowish, silky hair, often
crinkled, especially on pleure. Face more or less hairy ; scutellum semi-translucent ;
hind tibie ciliated.
Head: front moderately prominent, in ¢ of moderate width or rather narrow ;
vertical bristles present in both sexes ; ocellar bristles directed forwards and outwards ;
é without, 2 with 2 orbital (fronto-orbital) bristles on each side ; sides of face (para-
facials of Townsend) of moderate width, or rather narrow; depth of jowls one-eighth
to one-sixth or one-fifth of that of eye, lower margin of head straight; facial angles
close to margin of buccal cavity, interspace not constricted; facial ridges ciliated
on lower third, or to above middle; third joint of antenne long, and of moderate
or considerable breadth, from three to four times as long as second, penultimate
joint of arista not elongate. Yhorax: dorsum without distinct longitudinal stripes.
Abdomen: macrochete marginal.
Typical species: Zachina dasyops Wied. (Anal. Ent. p. 42, and Aussereuropaische
zweifliigelige Insekten, ii. 1830, p. 308 ; Chetolyga dasyops Br. & v. Berg, Denkschr.
der math.-naturw. Cl. der k. Akad. Wiss., Wien, 1891, p. 402); S. and E. Africa ;
Aden, Arabia.
* ‘From Ruwenzori to the Congo, A Naturalist’s Journey Across Africa.” By A. F. R. Wollaston.
With Illustrations. (London: John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. 1908.)
T onpixopdpos, silk-bearing (alluding to the character of the fine hair on the thorax); pia, a fly.
£ In the ‘ Katalog der Paliarktischen Dipteren,’ Bd. iii., by Dr. M. Bezzi and P. Stein (Budapest : 1907),
p. 229, this genus is reduced to the rank of a section of the genus Winthemia Rob.-Desy. (‘ Kssai sur les
Myodaires,’ 1830, p. 173), which, however, was so briefly and imperfectly characterised by its author that
it cannot fairly be regarded as having been described at ali; I therefore see no valid reason for allowing
Cheitolyga Rond. to be superseded.
96 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SERICOPHOROMYIA CLARIPILOSA, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 10.)
$ .—Length (1 specimen) 12°25 mm.; width of head 4:25 mm.; width of front at
vertex 0°6 mm.; length of wing 9 mm.
Dorsum of thorax and abdomen moderately shining ; dorsum of thorax (exclusive of
scutellum and a median quadrate area immediately in front of it) olive, clothed with
black hair and bristles ; silky, crinkled hair maize-yellow, confined to pleure, postalar
calli, hinder portion of humeral calli, and lateral margins of scutellum; sides of
anterior portion of abdomen tawny ochraceous, last two segments, except basal angles,
black, first segment very short and entirely black, second segment with a large median
black blotch, third segment with a black median triangle ; wings with a slight brownish
tinge, extreme base ochreous ; legs black, hind tibie faintly ochraceous on inner side in
middle, front femora yellowish pollinose on sides and beneath, middle and hind femora
greyish pollinose on anterior and posterior surfaces.
Head yellowish, front clothed with dark brown hair, upper half (or rather less) of
front blackish or black, frontal stripe black, its middle portion narrower than sides
of front ; sides of face (‘ parafacials ” of Townsend) narrow, frontal bristles descending
to level of end of second joint of antenna, and followed by a compound series of fine
blackish hair, which descends to level of point at which ciliation of facial ridges ceases,
a. é., to level of upper end of lowest third of facial ridges ; jowls and occiput clothed
with buff-yellow hair; hairy covering of eyes brown above, yellowish below; palpi
stout, clavate, brown, extreme tips buff, clothed with black hairs and bristles; antenne,
including arista, entirely clove-brown, third joint oblong, broad, about four times as long
as second, and three times as long as broad. Thorax: scutellum and median quadrate
area in front of it honey-yellow, scutellum clothed, apart from lateral margins and
macrochete, entirely with short black hair; pectus, pleure, and lateral margins
of dorsum olivaceous, yellowish pollinose; humeral calli buff, postalar calli dusky
ochraceous-buff. Aéddomen clothed above with short black hair, on sides and below with
pale Naples yellow hair; third and fourth segments yellowish pollinose in front above,
greyish pollinose below ; black median blotch on dorsum of second segment in shape
of a truncated triangle, with base resting on front margin, sides somewhat curved, and
apex cut off by hind margin; black median triangle on dorsum cf third segment with
base resting on hind margin, and apex produced to meet front margin; dorsum of
fourth segment with a tawny-ochraceous triangle occupying each basal angle, the
apices of these triangles directed towards middle line, but widely separated ; dorsum
of fifth segment (at least in case of type) with only a very small and scarcely noticeable
fleck in each basal angle; venter tawny ochraceous, with apex (fourth and fifth
segments, except basal angles of former) black, a transversely elongate, black blotch
on anterior margin of second, and a black, transverse band on posterior half of third
segment. Squame wax-yellow. Legs clothed with black hair and bristles, but with
long maize-yellow hair on under side of front and hind femora, and on under side of
ERNEST E. AUSTEN—DIPTERA. 97
basal half of middle femora; fringe of bristles (ciliation) on outer side of hind tibi
long and regular.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 13th Jan.
Sericophoromyia claripilosa may be distinguished from S. dasyops Wied. inter alia
by the darker colour of the hairy covering of the eyes, the sides of the face being
narrower and bearing blackish instead of pale yellow hair, the ciliation of the facial
ridges being confined to the lower third instead of extending above the middle, the
silky thoracic hair being restricted in extent as above described instead of extending
over the whole thorax, including the disc of the scutellum, the upper surface of the
scutellum being without short, scattered, black bristles, and by the tibie and tips of
the middle and hind femora not being tawny.
Subfamily Dexia,
Dexia Mg.
Dexia Meigen, Systematische Beschreibung der bek. Europ. zweifl. Insekten, v., 1826, p. 33.
DEXIA INAPPENDICULATA, Sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 11.)
¢ .—Length (2 specimens) 11°5 to 12 mm.; width of head 2°8 mm.; width of front
at vertex 0°6 mm.; greatest width of abdomen 3:4 mm.; length of wing 10-4 mm.
Rather narrow-bodied and elongate ; thorax Naples yellow pollinose, dorsum marked
with four interrupted and incomplete longitudinal black stripes, as in Dexia rustica
Fabr.; abdomen ochraceous-buff, yellowish pollinose, dorsum with a fairly broad, longi-
tudinal, clove-brown stripe, extending from base to apex, interrupted on front margins
of segments, and expanding somewhat on hind margins ; wings sepia-coloured, moderately
dark, bend of fourth longitudinal vein without an appendix.
Head ochraceous-buff, yellowish pollinose, frontal stripe dark mummy-brown ; bristles
and hair, except yellowish hair on basi-occipital region, entirely black ; facial septum
well developed; palpi small, buff; antenne ochraceous-buff. Thorax clothed ex-
clusively with black hair and bristles. Addomen also clothed with entirely black hair
and bristles; dorsum with hind borders of all segments more or less dusky, partly
owing to each macrocheta standing on a small, circular, dark clove-brown spot ; venter
with median, longitudinal, clove-brown stripe, which, except on last segment or last
two segments, appears double, since inner edges of scutes alone are pigmented.
Wings: small transverse vein darker than other veins, posterior transverse and distal
portion of fourth longitudinal vein slightly suffused with brown. Squame and halteres
buff. Legs tawny-ochraceous, tarsi clove-brown ; all legs slender and elongate, clothed
with black hair and bristles, proximal third of front tibie distinctly narrowed.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (@. &. Scott Elliot).
In the coloration of the body Deaia inappendiculata presents a general resemblance
to the common European PD. rustica Fabr., from which, however, it may be
VOL. XIx.—PakrT I. No. 13.— October, 1909. )
98 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
distinguished, inter alia, by its narrower and more elongate shape, dusky hind borders to
the abdominal segments, infuscated wings, and the absence of an appendix to the bend
of the fourth longitudinal vein. Dexia lugens Wied. (Auss. zw. Ins. ii. 1830, p. 374),
the type of which is stated to be from the Cape of Good Hope, was perhaps wrongly
assigned by its author to the present genus; but in any event D. énappendiculata must
be readily distinguishable from it, since, according to the original description, the
abdomen in Wiedemann’s species is shimmering grey and black, with an almost
chequered appearance. A 2 Dexia from Natal in the Museum collection, belonging
in all probability to an undescribed species, has the usual appendix to the fourth
longitudinal vein.
Subfamily SARCOPHAGIN A.
SarcopHuaGa Me.
Sarcophaga Meigen, Systematische Beschreib. der bek. Europ. zweifl. Insekten, v., 1826, p. 1-4.
SARCOPHAGA NOTATIPENNIS, sp.n. (Plate III. fig. 12.)
3 .—Length (1 specimen) 12 mm.; width of head 38 mm.; width of front at vertex
0:8 mm.; greatest width of abdomen just over 5 mm.; length of wing 9°5 mm.
Olivaceous, body rather narrow and elongate ; dorsum of thorax with three fairly
broad, dark, longitudinal stripes ; abdomen with shimmering patches of usual type, anal
segments shining black; all hair and bristles on body and legs black; wings with a
brownish tinge, and each wing with a large, circular, clove-brown spot surrounding small
transverse vein, and three other somewhat lighter clove-brown markings.
Head black, front and face clothed with pale yellowish pollen, jowls and occiput
with greyish pollen; when viewed in profile, a conspicuous, quadrate, dark patch next
eye on each side, on a level with base of antenne ; frontal stripe black ; upper part of
sides of face with a descending row of fine hairs, lower part of sides of face with a
row of four or five relatively long and stout bristles, uppermost bristle but one being
particularly long; palpi and antenne (including arista) clove-brown, third joint of
antenna nearly three times as long as second. Thorax: four post-sutural dorso-central
bristles, of which second, counting from front, is very small in case of type; dorsum
in type damaged by exudation of fluid, median longitudinal stripe apparently olive ;
seutelium olive, with a lighter fleck on each basal angle. Addomen: second, third,
and fourth segments each with a narrow, median, dorsal, sepia-coloured triangle, its
base resting on posterior and its apex extending to anterior margin; when abdomen is
viewed from above, each of these triangles appears situated on a shimmering olive-grey
patch of irregular outline, while on each side, in case of second and third segments,
with its base resting on anterior margin and its posterior angles rounded, is a quadrate
shimmering olive-grey patch, hind margin of which is not quite half-way between front
and hind margins of segment; on fourth segment corresponding patches are smaller
and more irregular in outline; second, third, and fourth segments each with a pair of
median marginal macrochetz on dorsum, pair on fourth segment being in centre, and
ERNEST HE. AUSTEN —DIPTERA. 99
slightly in advance, of a complete transverse row of macrochetze; anal segments
clothed with fine hair; venter olive-grey pollinose, looking darker when viewed from
certain directions. Wings: veins, except first longitudinal, end of auxiliary, distal
portion of fourth longitudinal, and transverse veins or portions of longitudinal veins
covered by dark spots mainly cinnamon-rufous; third longitudinal vein alone seti-
gerous, bristles extending from point of origin of second longitudinal vein to rather
less than half-way between this and small transverse vein ; besides large circular spot
surrounding small transverse vein, base of bent up portion of fourth longitudinal vein,
from angle to point where vein is bent outwards, and posterior transverse vein are also
clouded with clove-brown (in case of posterior transverse vein colour is darker at each
end of the streak) ; a fourth dark fleck is situate at distal extremity of basal fourth of
wing, lying im first basal cell immediately above transverse vein forming proximal
boundary of discal cell, and also extending into base of discal cell itself. Squame
whitish, central portion with a light brownish tinge. Legs black, femora more or less
dark greyish pollinose, under side of hind femora and inner side of hind tibiz thickly
fringed with long and fine hair.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 15th Jan.
The conspicuous wing-markings of Sarcophaga notatipennis at once distinguish it
from any of its African congeners at present known, since Sarcophaga spilogasicr
Wied. (Anal. Ent. p. 50, & Auss. zweifl. Ins. ii. 1830, p. 362.—Cape of Good Hope)
and S. octomaculata Jaenn. (Abhandl. der Senckenb. Gesellsch. Bd. vi., 1867, p. 379.—
Massowah), both of which have similarly spotted wings, belong to the genus
Angiometopa Br. & von Berg., owing to the fact that in them the abdomen bears fixed
black spots, in addition to the usual shimmering chequered pattern, though the latter,
in the case of A. spilogaster, at any rate, is much reduced.
SARCOPHAGA INEQUALIS, sp. n. (Plate III. fig. 13.)
é.—Length (1 specimen) 10°5 mm.; width of head 5°25 mm.; width of front at
vertex 1mm.; length of wing 8°8 mm.
Grey, with shimmering patches on abdomen; dorsum of thorax with three broad clove-
brown longitudinal stripes, eatending from front tu hind margin, and a shorter stripe on
each side; when viewed from above, second, third, and fourth abdominal segments each
exhibit a dark (ciove-brown), quadrate, median area, occupying whole length of segment,
and flanked on each side by a shimmering grey patch ; median dark area on fourth
segment narrower than that on third, which is narrower than that on second ; posterior
angles of median areas each produced outwards into a dark blotch, which has a greyish-
olivaceous sheen when viewed from certain directions ; first anal segment clove-brown,
greyish pollinose, second anal segment ferruginous ; all hair and bristles on body and
legs black ; wings hyaline, without spots; bristles on sides of face fine, rather numerous,
and not arranged in a single row.
Head blackish, front, face, jowls, and posterior orbits bright straw-yellow pollinose,
100 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
occiput greyish pollinose, clothed, like basi-occipital region, with pale yellow hair;
anterior margin of buccal cavity cream-buff; palpi dark brown, indistinctly russet
towards base; antenne clove-brown, with a greyish sheen, third joint about two and a
half times as long as second, arista with a distinct pale band. Thorax: four post-
sutural dorso-central bristles, the foremost small; median dorsal stripe continued on
to scutellum, and extending nearly to hind margin of latter. Abdomen: when dorsum
of second, third, and fourth segments is viewed at a low angle from behind it appears
shimmering grey, with a clove-brown median longitudinal stripe and a similarly
coloured pair of admedian longitudinal stripes, or elongate blotches, on each segment,
the admedian stripes on each successive segment being further from the lateral
margins; a pair of median marginal macrochete only on third and fourth segments ;
fine hair on anal segments really clove-brown rather than black, when viewed from
side. Wings: bristles confined to base of third longitudinal vein. Sguama waxen
white, central portion with a slight brownish tinge. Legs black, inner side of middle
and hind tibie tinged with chestnut, femora more or less greyish pollinose, under side
of hind femora and inner side of hind tibie thickly fringed with long and fine hair.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
The fineness of the bristles on the sides of the face, and the fact that they are not
arranged in a single row but, especially below, form an irregular cluster, will help
to distinguish this species.
Family Muscip&.
Subfamily GLossrnin&.
Guossina Wied.
Glossina Wiedemann, Aussereuropaische zweifltigelige Insekten, 11., 1830, p. 253.
Guossina Fusca Walk.
Stomoxys fuscus Walker, List Dipt. Ins. in Coll. Brit. Mus. pt. 11. 1849, p. 682.
Glossina fusca Austen, ‘A Monograph of the Tsetse-Flies, 1903, p. 95, pl. vi. (g. v. for
additional synonymy).
1 3g .—In forest between Irumu and Avakubi, E. Congo Free State, alt. 2000 ft., Oct.
Norz.—We have recently received a separate copy of the following paper :—‘t Notes on a Collection of
Srpponarrera from Ruwenzori, Uganda,” by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild, M.A., F.LS., F.ES.,
published in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,’ (2) xix. pp. 76-79, pl. i. (1908).
This paper was unfortunately received too late to be incorporated in the body of this work. It contains
descriptions of the following five species, the first four being new :—
1. Ctenocephalus wollastoni Roths. 4. Ctenopsyllus hirsutus Roths.
2. Pygiopsylla torvus Roths. 5. 6) ethiopicus Roths.
3. Ceratophyllus stygius Roths.
Fig.
To Ot HE OD BD
cS OO
ao
woke oO
ERNEST E. AUSTEN
DIPTERA.
PLATE III.
(All figures about twice natural size.)
. Tabanus ruwenzorti Ricardo, p. 86.
. Proagonistes predo Austen, p. 87.
. Syrphus adligatus Wied., p. 88.
. Asarcina amena Austen, p. 88.
“4 punctifrons Austen, p. 89.
. Senaspis esacus Walk., p. 90.
2 elliotii Austen, p. 90.
. Megaspis bulligera Austen, p. 91.
Dejeania wollastonii Austen, p. 93.
. Sericophoromyta claripilosa Austen, p. 96,
. Dexia inappendiculata Austen, p. 97.
. Sarcophaga notatipennis Austen, p. 98.
us inequalis Austen, p. 99.
Tran Loot. SooWel MIN FCM.
Ad. Engel Terzi del.
DIPTERA
om
—_ =
a
;
r
§
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RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS
11. LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA.
By Sir Grorce F,. Hampson, Bart., F.Z7.S8.
Received October 24, read November 17, 1908.
| [Prats IV.*]
THE Moths brought home by the Ruwenzori Expedition were collected by the
Hon. Gerald Legge and Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston. A few species subsequently taken
at Entebbe and on the north-western shore of Lake Tanganyika by Mr. Wollaston
are also included in the present paper, and are distinguished by having “(A. /. BR.
Wollaston)” placed after them.
A large acetylene lamp which was taken out for collecting-purposes proved
almost a complete failure and attracted very few insects; but the Moth-Fauna on
Ruwenzori seems to be remarkably poor, possibly owing to the almost continuous rains
to which the forests on the higher slopes are subject. The specimens were mostly
taken at two places :—
(1) Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., a dry plain covered with short grass,
Euphorbia, and acacia-trees. Here the moths were of the usual mixture of Kast
and West African types which prevails throughout the greater part of the Uganda
Protectorate.
(2) The Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, penetrates into the very heart of the range,
commencing between the snow-covered ridges. Up to about 8000 ft. its vegetation is
that of a tropical valley. ‘The forest is then succeeded by bamboos, tree-heaths, giant
lobelias, and senecios, which extend up to about 14,000 ft. Im the higher zones
possible traces of a Palearctic fauna are represented by a few species of Noctuide of
the subfamily Agrotinw, and Geometride of the subfamily Larentiane. Kpisilia
rhodopea was found at 12,600 ft., the highest point at which any moth was captured.
This species is more Palearctic in appearance than any other in the collection.
LEPIDOPTERA PHAL/ZEN &.
Family SyNTOMID2.
Ceryx HILDA Erhmann, Can. Ent. xxvi. p. 69 (1894).
Syntomoides seminigra Holland, Ent. News, Philad. 1898, p. 11.
N.W. Tanganyika, 1 @ (A. F. R. Wollaston).
* For explanation of the Plate, see p. 140.
VOL. XIX.—ParT 11. No. 14.— December, 1909. P
104 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SYNTOMIS CEBBERA Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 363 (1764).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 3 9.
Epiroxis auBicincraA Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xi. p. 339 (1903). (Plate IV. figs. 1, 2.)
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,1 ¢,1°?.
The female has the head, tegule, and patagia yellowish, the abdomen yellowish
except at base and before extremity.
MrGanaciia sippia Plotz, Stett. ent. Zeit. xli. p. 78 (1880).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 9.
APISA METARCTIOIDES Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 224 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 3.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 o.
METARCTIA LATERITIA Herr.-Schaff. Aussereur. Schmett. f. 274 (1850).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢@.
MerTARCTIA BURRA Schaus, Lep. 8. Leone, p. 23, pl. 1. f. 6 (1893).
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
MetarctiA HaMATICA Holland, Psyche, vi. p. 396 (1893).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 1 c.
METARCTIA PULVEREA Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 225 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 4.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 2.
MEeTARCTIA FLAVIVENA Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. i. p. 40 (1900).
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 ¢; L. Albert Edward, 1 o.
Merakctia FLAVicILIata Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 225 (1907). (Plate IV.
fig. 40.)
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 1 ¢,1 9.
Family ARCTIAD &.
Subfamily Lirnostanx.
Inema vicarta WIk. ii. 505 (1854).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 105
1LEMA GRACILLIPENNIS Wllgrn. Wien. ent. Mon. iv. p. 45 (1860).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
CHIoNZMA REJECTA WIK. ii. 521 (1854).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
Subfamily Arcriana,
DIACRISIA SULPHUREA Bartel, Iris, xvi. p. 189 (1903).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 1 3.
Diacrisia MELANODIScCA Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 236 (1907). (Plate IV.
figs. 5-6.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢,1 2.
ESTIGMENE CARSCHI Bartel, Iris, xvi. p. 189 (1903).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
EstiGMENE PuRA Butl. P. Z. 8S. 1878, p. 382.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2.
RuopoeastRia BUBO W1k. iii. 747 (1855).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 2 2.
Family AGARISTIDS.
XANTHOSPILOPTERYX SUPERBA Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv. p. 141, pl. 13. f. 5 (1878).
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2. The yellow variety.
ALGOCERA MENETE Cram. Pap. Exot. i. pl. 70. f. D (1775).
Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,2 ¢ ; Mulema, 8. Uganda, 1 o (W. G. Doggett).
Family Nocruip#.
Subfamily AGRoTINa.
RaGHUVA MULTIRADIATA Hmpsn. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. i. p. 257 (1902).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢,1 ¢@.
CHLORIDEA OBSOLETA Fabr. Ent. Syst. 3. 1. p. 456 (1793).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 1 ¢.
VOL. XIX.—PART I. No. 14*.—December, 1909. Be
106 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
TIMORA NIGRIFASCIATA Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. iv. p. 110, pl. 57. f. 32 (1903).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 3.
TIMORA LANCEOLATA WI1k, xxxili. 767 (1865).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 ¢.
TIMORA FLAVISTRIGATA Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. iv. p. 114, pl. 58. f. 15 (1903).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
AGROTIS ELZOPIS Hmpsn. A. M.N. H. (7) xix. p. 243 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 7.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,1 ¢@.
Episinia RHODOPEA Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 245 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 8.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 12,600 ft. 1 o.
LycopHoria LEUCOPLAGA Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 248 (1907). (Plate IV.
fig. 9.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 @.
Subfamily HaDENiIna.
Borouia pyrostrota Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 255 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 10.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 @.
Borouia MELIANOIDES Moschl. Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xxxiii. p. 291, pl. xvi. f. 4 (1884).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ?.
Borouta Tacuna Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 110. f. 22 (1874).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @ .
BoroulA MELANOsTROTA Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. v. p. 564, pl. 94. f. 28 (1905).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
Borouta PHaopasta Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xix. p. 257 (1907). (Plate IV. fig. 11.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 2.
Subfamily AcRronycrina.
EUPLEXIA AMARANTA Feld. Reis. Noy. pl. 110. f. 8 (1874).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
ABORICORNIS CHRYSOPEPLA Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. vii. p. 359 (1908). (Plate IV.
fig. 12.)
Palpi porrect, extending about twice the length of head, the 3rd joint downturned.
GEORGE F, HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 107
3. Head and thorax yellow tinged with red, the vertex of head whitish; palpi,
antenne, and legs red-brown; abdomen yellowish-white irrorated with brown, the
crests blackish. Fore wing golden-yellow tinged with red; a brownish patch at base
of costa; antemedial line very indistinct, rufous, waved, an oblique red-brown shade
from costa just beyond it to median nervure; black points at upper and lower angles
of cell; postmedial line rather diffused, rufous, defined by whitish on outer side, double
and oblique from costa to vein 6, almost obsolete and curved inwards to vein 2, then
erect ; subterminal line rufous, diffused, oblique from apex to vein 6 near postmedial
line, then excurved at middle ; a fine rufous terminal line. Hind wing white, the apex
and inner margin towards tornus irrorated with rufous; cilia with some brown
spatulate scales towards tornus; the underside with the costal area slightly irrorated
with brown towards base.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 28 mm.
PRoODENIA LiTtuRA Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 601 (1775).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
ARIATHISA SEMILUNA Hmpsn. Cat. Lep. Phal. B. M. viii. p. 388 (1909). (Plate IV.
fig. 13.)
Fore wing of male with small patch of ochreous androconia in cell on underside.
Head and thorax red-brown mixed with purplish-grey ; palpi black-brown, white at
tips ; tegule with black-brown band at base ; tarsi black ringed with white; abdomen
red-brown. Fore wing purplish-grey suffused and irrorated with red-brown; subbasal
line black, waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line black, bent inwards
to costa, then sinuous, excurved above inner margin; orbicular and reniform black-
brown slightly defined by whitish, their lower extremities connected by a fascia, thus
forming a U-shaped mark? traces of a dark medial shade; postmedial line slight,
black, interrupted, with small black spot at costa, oblique from costa to vein 6, then
dentate, incurved below vein 4; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on inner side
by slight dentate dark marks from below costa to vein 4, angled outwards at vein 7
and excurved at middle; a terminal series of minute black lunules. Hind wing
greyish, tinged with ochreous, the termen rather darker from apex to submedian fold ;
cilia ochreous white; the underside whitish, the costal area irrorated with brown, a
blackish discoidal lunule, rather diffused indistinct postmedial line from costa to
vein 3 and terminal series of small black lunules.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,1 ¢ type. Br. EK. Arrica: Ndimu
(C. 8. Betton), 12%, Uganda Railway, Mile 478 (C. S. Betton), 12, E. Quaso (C. 8.
Betton), 13,12. Kap. 32-36 mm.
CALYMNIA ETHIOPICA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 14.)
@. Head and thorax rufous mixed with grey-white, palpi brown, whitish towards
pe
108 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
tips ; antenne brown, whitish at base; pectus and legs whitish mixed with fuscous
brown; abdomen dark brown slightly mixed with greyish. Fore wing ochreous,
suffused with rufous and slightly irrorated with blackish, the veins slightly streaked
with blackish ; subbasal line represented by a slight dark striga from costa; ante-
medial line black defined by whitish on inner side, nearly erect and slightly excurved
from subcostal nervure to vein 1; orbicular a dark point, the reniform a small lunule,
slightly defined by blackish; a rather diffused oblique sinuous fuscous medial line ;
postmedial line black, defined by white on outer side, very oblique and ending near
tornus, excurved from below costa to vein 4, the area beyond it whitish, irrorated with
fuscous to the subterminal line which is whitish, defined on inner side by fuscous
suffesion between veins 6 and 38, slightly excurved below vein 7 and ending at tornus ;
a dark brown terminal line; cilia pale yellow at base, brownish at tips. Hind wing
whitish, suffused with reddish-brown; a large dark discoidal lunule and traces of a
curved postmedial line; some dark points on termen; cilia pale yellow at base,
brownish at tips, the underside whitish, irrorated with dark brown, a large black-brown
discoidal lunule, curved postmedial line, and terminal series of small lunules.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 2 type. xp. 30 mm.
XYLOSTOLA OLIVATA, sp.n. (Plate IV. fig. 16.)
@. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with olive-brown, palpi rather browner at
sides ; abdomen brownish-grey, tinged with rufous dorsally towards extremity. Fore
wing ochreous tinged with olive-brown and slightly irrorated with black, the terminal
area tinged with red-brown ; a black point at base and a small subbasal black spot on
median nervure; traces of an oblique waved antemedial line; a whitish point in
middle of cell, surrounded by some black scales; reniform defined by some black scales
on inner side and with black points at upper and lower extremities ; postmedial line
indistinct, oblique from costa to vein 6, then minutely waved, oblique below vein 4 ;
subterminal line formed of small ochreous lunules, defined on inner side by slight
fuscous spots, oblique, and with oblique fuscous shade to it from apex; a series of
black points just before termen. Hind wing ochreous-whitish tinged with brown; a
fine brown terminal line; cilia with a fine yellowish line at base; the underside
yellowish-white, the costal area slightly irrorated with brown, a blackish discoidal:spot,
indistinct rather diffused curved postmedial line and terminal series of black points.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 192 type. Hap. 42 mm.
CALAMISTIS OBLIQUIFASCIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 15.)
¢. Antennee somewhat laminate and ciliated.
Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous-white mixed with fuscous; palpi with the
second joint fuscous at sides. Fore wing ochreous-white irrorated with black, the
yeins streaked with whitish; a rather diffused black streak below base of cell; a faint
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 109
whitish discoidal lunule; an oblique whitish fascia from apex to inner margin beyond
middle, defined on outer side by blackish marks; a terminal series of small black
lunules; cilia whitish at base, mixed with black at tips. Hind wing whitish, slightly
tinged with brown; a terminal series of slight dark striz from apex to vein 2; the
underside whitish, slightly irrorated with brown.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type; Transvaat, White R. (A. T. Cooke),
13. ap. 24 mm.
SESAMIA ALBIVENA Hmpsn, Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 29 (1902).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,1 ¢.
Subfamily Erastriana.
Amyna octo Guen. Noct. i. p. 233 (1852).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2.
MerapropLasta insociA WIk. xii. 788 (1857).
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
TARACHE NIPHOGONA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 17.)
9. Head black-brown; palpi white below; thorax white with some pale olive
scales on patagia and metathorax and small paired black spots on metathorax, the
tibiz and tarsi banded with olive-brown ; abdomen olive-brown, white at base and on
ventral surface. Fore wing with the basal half white, the terminal half olive-brown ;
subbasal line grey, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line
grey, double, waved, somewhat oblique ; orbicular a black point; reniform defined by
blackish, elliptical, a white point above it on costa; a triangular postmedial white
patch on costa with the rather lunulate blackish postmedial line arising from it, below
vein 4 incurved to below end of cell; two white points on costa towards apex; sub-
terminal line greyish on costal half, then white, defined on inner side by small dentate
red-brown marks, excurved below vein 7 and at middle and incurved at discal and
submedian folds where there are leaden-grey patches beyond it, followed by a series of
black striae on white marks except towards apex; a terminal series of greyish marks;
cilia pale brown. Hind wing grey, tinged with brown; a slight discoidal point and
diffused postmedial and terminal bands; cilia white, brown at base towards apex ; the
underside whiter, suffused in parts with brown, the discoidal point and postmedial and
terminal bands more distinct.
Hab. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 9 type. Exp. 32 millim.
TARACHE crocaTa Guen. Noct. i. p. 218 (1852).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
110 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Subfamily CarocaLina.
Nyctipao Macrors Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p. 225 (1766).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
CYLIGRAMMA LIMACINA Guér. Icon. R. Anim., Ins. pl. 89. f. 2 (1829).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢.
CyLIGRAMMA GouboTI Guen. Noct. 11. p. 189 (1852).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢@.
SPIRAMA CAPENSIS Herr.-Schaff. Aussereur, Schmett. ff. 121, 122 (1850).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
Opniusa caTeLta Guen. Noct. iii. p. 247 (1852).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
CHALCIOPE HYPPASIA Cram. Pap. Exot. iii. pl. 250. f. EK (1779).
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 6,19.
ReMIGIA PECTINATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 32.)
Antenne of male bipectinate, with moderate branches ending in bristles, the apex
serrate.
Head and thorax rufous, mixed with greyish and dark brown; palpi browner,
antenne yellowish ; abdomen fulvous-yellow. Fore wing yellowish, suffused with red-
brown and irrorated with dark brown; subbasal line brown, excurved below costa and
ending at submedian fold; antemedial line yellowish-white with a red-brown band on
its outer side expanding into a large patch in submedian interspace and ending at
vein 1, the line oblique to median nervure, incurved in submedian interspace and bent
outwards above inner margin, with a small black spot defined by yellow before it
above inner margin; orbicular a small round whitish spot defined by brown; reniform
greyish, defined by brown, and with some brown suffusion in centre, large and rather
elliptical ; two indistinct curved waved lines on medial area with diffused bars at costa ;
postmedial line red-brown, slightly defined by yellowish on outer side, forming a bar
at costa, bent outwards below costa, oblique to vein 6, then inwardly oblique and
sinuous; postmedial area fuscous-brown and greyish, narrow except on costal
area, some yellowish points at costa; subterminal line defined on inner side by
red-brown and slightly incurved from costa to below vein 7, then reduced to short streaks
on the veins, pale at middle and fuscous at either extremity; a fine waved brown
terminal line. Hind wing yellow, the inner and terminal areas suffused with brown;
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA,. Lil
an indistinct sinuous line just beyond middle, excurved and with red-brown bar on it
above inner margin; a diffused brown postmedial line bent outwards to tornus; a fine
brown terminal line with some yellowish before it; cilia brownish with a fine yellow
line at base, the underside yellow, irrorated with brown except on basal half of inner
area, a brown discoidal spot and oblique postmedial line from costa to discal fold.
Hab. Uaanpa, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢, 1 9 type; Nigeria,
Lokoja, Mt. Patti (C. Christy), 19. Hap. 46-50 mm.
ReMIGIA uNDATA Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 600 (1775).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500-7000 ft., 2 ¢,1 9.
HYPoGLavcitis POLYcyMA, sp.n. (Plate IV. fig. 18.)
?. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown mixed with black, the ventral surface
pale grey; palpi pale grey at base; tarsi black ringed with white. Fore wing grey-
brown irrorated with blackish, the medial area rather browner; subbasal line black,
waved, from costa to submedian fold; antemedial line black, slightly angled outwards
below costa and incurved at vein 1, a diffused fuscous band before it; the medial area
with five indistinct inwardly oblique nearly straight brown lines; a slight elliptical
discoidal spot detined by brown; postmedial line black, excurved below costa, slightly
angled inwards at discal fold, then dentate, incurved below vein 4 and angled outwards
at vein 1, another less distinct dentate line beyond it with greyish-fuscous between
them ; subterminal line indistinct, pale, defined on inner side by fuscous suffusion
from costa to vein 6, incurved between veins 6 and 4, then dentate; a fine waved black
terminal line; a fine white line at base of cilia. Hind wing greyish, suffused with
red-brown ; an indistinct diffused dark postmedial band from vein 3 to inner margin ;
a fine waved dark terminal line; cilia whitish. Underside of both wings whitish, the
terminal area irrorated with brown and with curved postmedial line; fore wing with
the costa tinged with ochreous, a fuscous apical patch.
Hab. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2 type. Harp. 38 mm.
HOMOPTERA SCANDATULA Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. ii. f. 20 (1874).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
Subfamily PLusianas.
PLusta cHaLcites Esp. Schmett. iv. pl. 141. f. 3 (1789).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 22.
PLUSIA CHALCEDONA Hmpsn. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. ii. p. 346 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5700 ft., 192.
112 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PLUSIA CUPREOMICANS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 19.)
2. Head and thorax brown mixed with grey, the vertex of head and tegule, except
edges, yellow mixed with red; abdomen grey suffused with brown. Fore wing grey-
brown almost entirely suffused with metallic golden-copper, striated and irrorated with
brown ; subbasal line slight, double, waved, from costa to submedian fold ; antemedial
line brown defined by silvery scales on inner side, waved, slightly bent outwards below
osta, then nearly erect; orbicular silvery-white defined by black, oblique elliptical,
extending to submedian fold and with a round silvery-white spot defined by black
beyond its lower extremity: reniform faintly defined by brown; postmedial line double _
with some silvery scales on it, especially from vein 2 to inner margin, bent outwards
below costa, then waved, excurved below vein 5, then oblique and again excurved
below submedian fold; subterminal line indistinct, dark, angled outwards at veins 7, 6
and below veins 4, 3 and excurved to tornus, two slight whitish subapical marks
beyond it ; a fine whitish line at base of cilia. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown,
the veins, inner area, and termiual half except towards apex suffused with brown ; the
underside whitish irrorated with brown, an indistinct curved postmedial line, the area
beyond it suffused with brown.
Hab. K. Coneo, Semliki Valley, 1 @ type; Nigeria, Old Calabar (S. D. Crompton),
I Hap. 32 mimi.
PLUSIA ARANEA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 20.)
@. Head and thorax red-brown mixed with grey, the scales tipped with grey ;
abdomen ochreous-whitish, the crests mixed with red-brown. Fore wing very thickly
striated with grey-white and brown from base to middle of costa, and thence obliquely
to termen at vein 2, the apical area cupreous red-brown finely striated with grey ;
antemedial line indistinct, fine, whitish, excurved from costa to median nervure, then
oblique; orbicular with fine very oblique V-shaped white annulus open above, and
with oblique whitish through it and continued between the arms of the fine oblique
silvery-white Y-shaped stigma below end of cell; reniform with fine white annulus,
constricted at middle and slightly angled inwards on median nervure; postmedial line
indistinct, fine, whitish, slightly excurved below costa and at middle and incurved at
discal fold, acutely angled inwards at vein 2 to below the Y-shaped stigma; a fine
minutely dentate whitish subterminal line, excurved below costa and dentate to near
termen below veins 4 and 3; a fine white line just before termen ; a terminal series of
slight dark points ; cilia whitish mixed with some brown and with slight waved white
line near base. Hind wing whitish tinged with brown, especially on terminal halt;
cilia white with a brownish line near base; the underside whitish irrorated with brown,
especially on costal and terminal areas, traces of diffused brownish postmedial and
subterminal lines.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 192 type. up. 32 mm.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 113
Subfamily Nocruin2z.
POLYDESMA COLLUTRIX Geyer, Zutr. 22, 443, ff. 885, 886 (1827).
Semliki Valley, 1 9; Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 19.
ERICEIA INANGULATA Guen. Noct. ili. p. 210 (1852).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
PANDESMA JUBRA Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 413, pl. 44. f. 4.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5700 ft., 19.
SPHINGOMORPHA CHLOREA Cram. Pap. Exot. ii. pl. 104. f. C (1779).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1g,1¢@.
PARATHERMES NUBILATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 22.)
2. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown; palpi paler at tips; pectus, legs, and
abdomen mixed with greyish. Fore wing red-brown slightly irrorated with blackish ;
an indistinct waved antemedial line; a blackish point below origin of vein 2; orbicular
with slight blackish annulus, rather large, round; reniform with slight blackish annulus
faintly defined by whitish on inner side; a broad diffused oblique black-brown shade
beyond the cell from costa to inner margin, obscuring the postmedial line, which is
excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved ; subterminal line double filled in with
ereyish, the inner line formed of rather diffused blackish spots, oblique towards costa,
excurved at middle and angled inwards at discal and submedian folds; patches of
dark suffusion beyond it at apex and middle; a terminal series of small black lunules.
Hind wing fuscous-brown with indistinct double punctiform postmedial and. subterminal
lines on inner area with a rufous patch between them; cilia with a fine rufous line at
base ; the underside rufous irrorated with brown, the inner area greyer, a white point
‘in middle of cell, a black and white discoidal bar and another beyond the cell, an
indistinct sinuous postmedial line.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 19 type. Hap. 34 mm.
ACANTHOLIPES OCHROTA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 23.)
3. Head and thorax ochreous-white tinged with red-brown ; palpi at sides and fore
legs more rufous; abdomen ochreous-white. Fore wing ochreous-white, the costal
and terminal areas slightly tinged with rufous and irrorated with brown; faint traces
of a diffused antemedial line; a blackish discoidal point; traces of an oblique dark
line beyond the cell from costa to inner margin; postmedial line dark with a narrow
whitish band on its inner side, arising from vein 7 below apex and obliquely incurved
to inner margin; subterminal line indistinctly double filled in with whitish, very
VOL. XIX.—ParT 11. No. 15.— December, 1909. Q
114 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
minutely waved, oblique ; a terminal series of black points; cilia dark brown at tips.
Hind wing ochreous-white ; traces of a diffused antemedial line on inner area and of
an oblique medial line from vein 6 to inner margin ; an oblique, nearly straight, dark
postmedial line with slight brown suffusion on its outer edge ; an indistinct oblique
subterminal line ; a terminal series of black points; the underside irrorated with red-
brown, a black discoidal spot and traces of diffused postmedial and subterminal lines.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Exp. 32 mm.
PLEURONA LEPTICYMA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 21.)
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown slightly tinged with rufous and mixed with
some fuscous. Fore wing grey-brown slightiy tinged with rufous, especially on medial
and terminal areas, and irrorated with fuscous ; antemedial line double, waved, oblique,
bent inwards to costa and angled inwards in cell; a blackish point in middle of cell
and fuscous discoidal lunule; medial line slightly defined by whitish on outer side,
angled outwards below costa to well beyond upper angle of cell, then oblique; post-
medial line formed of slight fuscous lunules with greyish lunules beyond them,
excurved below costa, angled outwards at vein 4 and inwards at discal and submedian
folds; subterminal line double, minutely waved, slightly incurved at discal fold and
oblique below vein 4; the terminal area with dark suffusion from below apex to vein 3 ;
a terminal series of slight black points. Hind wing grey-brown irrorated with fuscous ;
a slight discoidal lunule; medial line fuscous slightly defined by whitish on outer side,
rather oblique; postmedial line double, minutely waved, excurved below costa and at
middle and incurved at discal and submedian folds; subterminal line represented by a
series of blackish points with a lunulate greyish line beyond them, slightly excurved at
middle ; a series of blackish points just before termen; cilia reddish brown at base ;
the underside ochreous-grey irrorated with fuscous, the markings slightly less distinct,
the medial line curved, fuscous.
Ab. 1. Fore wing with whitish centre to reniform.
Ab. 2. Paler and more ochreous; fore wing with the point in cell and discoidal
lunule black.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 1¢, 29 type; Ueanpa, Sanji
(C. Christy), 1 2, Entebbe (4. A. Minchin), 1 9; K.'Transvaau, White R. (A. 7. Cooke),
19. ap. 34-38 mm.
OPHIDERES FULLONICA Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p. 812 (1766).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 29.
CosMOPHILA EROSA Htibn. Zutr. Samml. exot. Schmett. ii. 19, ff. 287, 288 (1827).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,2¢,1¢.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 115
CosMopHILA LupERCA Méschl. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxxiii. p. 300, pl. xvi. f. 15
(1883).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1¢.
HypocaLa DEFLORATA Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. p. 472 (1792).
Semliki Valley, 13g. The variety plumicornis Guen.
CALPE EMARGINATA Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 82 (1792).
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,2g,19. A very pale form.
Subfamily Hyprenin.
CATADA PHAOPASTA, sp.n. (Plate IV. fig. 24.)
Fore wing with a minute areole, the termen angled at vein 4.
¢. Head and thorax grey slightly tinged with reddish-brown and mixed with black ;
pectus and legs grey tinged with brown; abdomen grey irrorated with fuscous, the
basal crests blackish. Fore wing grey tinged with brown and thickly irrorated with
black; a subbasal blackish mark below the cell; antemedial line represented by
obscure black marks at costa and in cell, then rather diffused, angled inwards on
vein 1; traces of a sinuous medial line from cell to inner margin; postmedial line very
indistinct, sinuous and rather diffused, slightly excurved beyond the cell; subterminal
line indistinct, diffused, blackish, incurved below vein 3. Hind wing grey suffused
with fuscous ; the underside whitish with traces of oblique postmedial line.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Exp. 44 mm.
BLEPTINA NEPHELOPERA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 26.)
?. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown with a rufous tinge ; palpi fuscous; legs
fuscous, the extremities of tibie and the tarsi ringed with white. Fore wing grey-
brown irrorated with fuscous and slightly tinged with rufous ; a slight waved subbasal
line from costa to submedian fold; two oblique waved antemedial lines; orbicular
and reniform defined by brown, the former a small annulus, the latter a narrow lunule ;
a diffused medial shade from lower angle of cell to inner margin; postmedial line
double, minutely waved, excurved below costa and at middle and incurved at discal
fold and below vein 4; an oblique conical blackish apical patch, traversed by the
subterminal line, which is pale defined on each side by brown, minutely waved,
excurved below vein 7 and at middle; a terminal series of minute black lunules ;
cilia with a fine pale line at base. Hind wing pale grey tinged with brown; traces of
a dark discoidal lunule and curved postmedial and subterminal lines ; the underside
grey irrorated with brown, a dark discoidal spot, minutely waved postmedial line, and
minutely waved whitish subterminal line defined by fuscous on inner side.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 22 type. Hap. 34 mm.
Q 2
116 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
HIYPENA RECURVATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 27.)
Palpi with the 2nd joint extending about six times length of head, the 3rd long and
upturned.
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey suffused with reddish-brown; palpi with some
black scales mixed ; fore tarsi fuscous slightly ringed with white ; abdomen with the
slight dorsal crests blackish. Fore wing grey suffused with brown and irrorated with
blackish ; a slight black line from costa beyond middle, oblique to submedian fold
below origin of vein 2, then retracted to median nervure before middle; an oblique
whitish shade from apex to the postmedial line at vein 6, and thence on its outer edge
to submedian fold; a subterminal series of black points from the oblique shade to
inner margin, excurved at middle ; a fine terminal black line and fine pale line at base
of cilia. Hind wing whitish suffused and irrorated with pale brown; a dark terminal
line ; the underside whiter slightly striated with brown except on inner area.
Hab, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2¢ type. Hap. 36 mm.
HYPENA MASURIALIS Guen. Delt. & Pyr. p. 38 (1854).
Mokia, §$.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 16.
Family LyMANTRIAD&.
OLAPA MELANOCERA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 33.)
?. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale fulvous; antenne black; tibie and tarsi black
above; wings uniform pale fulvous-yellow, very thinly scaled and without markings
except a fine brown terminal line.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 19 type; Ueanpa (W. G. Doggett), 12.
Kap. 40 mm.
LEUCOMA ATRICOsTA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 34.)
3. Head and tegule pale yellow; palpi black-brown; antenne with the shaft
whitish, the branches brownish; thorax and abdomen clothed with white hair, the
pectus in front and fore tibiz and tarsi above black-brown ; wings white, thinly scaled,
the veins brownish. Fore wing with the base slightly tinged with yellow; the basal
third of costal edge black; some black scales on median nervure and base of veins
arising from it; a narrow black discoidal lunule.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1g type. Hap. 54 mm.
Evproctis CROCEISTICTA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 44.)
3. Head and thorax white; antenne with the branches rufous; palpi except at
tips, sides of head, and pectus in front orange-red; abdomen white, dorsally tinged
with blackish at middle, the anal tuft yellowish. Fore wing silky white; a fiery-red
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 117
discoidal point ; a subterminal series of fiery-red points below veins 8, 7, 6, 5, and 3
and above and below submedian fold, excurved below vein 7 and at middle. Hind
wing silky white.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1g type. Hap. 42 mm.
EUPROCTIS MELALEPIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 43.)
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous-white; palpi blackish except at tips.
Fore wing ochreous-white ; the costal edge black-brown towards base; a black discoidal
point; a slight oblique band of scattered black scales from lower angle of cell to above
vein 1. Hind wing silky white.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft.. 1 ¢ type. Hep. 42 mm.
Evuproctis orestes Druce, P. Z. 8. 1887, p. 674.
Entebbe (A. F. R. Wollaston), 1 ¢.
Lawia piascia Hmpsn. Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. iil. p. 395 (1900).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2.92.
Family Hypsip 2.
DEILEMERA LEUCONOE Hopff. Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 1857, p. 422.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,1g,1°.
DEILEMERA FALLAX Holl. Ent. News Philad. 1893, p. 59.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 1 2; Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., lo.
DIOTA RETICULATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 35.)
?. Head and thorax white; palpi with the Ist joint white tinged with yellow, the
2nd joint black, white at tip, the 3rd joint black; frons and vertex of head with black
spots, the frons yellow at sides; antenue white with the branches black; tegule and
thorax with black spots, the patagia with three spots; pectus with black spots, the legs
streaked with brown ; abdomen white with the terminal segments yellow, dorsal and
lateral series of black spots and sublateral series of black-brown patches. Fore wing
pale reddish-brown, the veins, discal and submedian folds streaked with white ; two
white points at base and the base of inner margin white; a curved antemedial white
line from subcostal nervure to vein 1; a medial white line oblique from subcostal
nervure to median nervure at origin of vein 2, then incurved, met at median nervure
by a curved white line from costa beyond middle, confluent with an incurved white line
on discocellulars ; a white line from the same point on costa as the last line, touching
the discoidal line at upper angle of cell and excurved between wins 3 and 5, where
it terminates ; another line arising from lower angle of cell, excurved to vein 2, then
118 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
incurved to inner margin; subterminal line white, double from just below costa near
apex to vein 3, then single, oblique to discal fold where it touches the postmedial line,
excurved to vein 8, then erect to vein 1 near tornus. Hind wing semihyaline white
‘with broad pale brown terminal band, intersected by white streaks on the veins, its
inner edge strongly excurved ; cilia white from vein 2 to tornus.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 12 type. Hap. 44 mm.
CALLIORATIS BELLATRIX Dalm. Anal. Ent. p. 50 (1823).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.,4¢,2 2.
CALLIORATIS PACTOLICUS Butl. P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 82.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 1 ¢.
Family SPHINGID &.
Subfamily MackoGLossin.z&.
MacroGLossuM TRocHILUS Hiibn. Ex. Schmett. ii. pl. 158 (1824).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft. 1¢,12.
NEPHELE BIPARTITA Butl. A. M. N. H. (8) ii. p. 455 (1878).
Entebbe (A. F. Rk. Wollaston), 1°.
Subfamily PerGEsInaé.
BasiorHea scHENct Méschl. Stett. ent. Zeit. xxxiii. p. 339 (1872).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 1c.
Hirrorion ceLErio Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 491 (1798).
’ Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 19.
Family EUPTEROTID &.
ANAPHE MOLONEYI Druce, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 673, pl. 55. f. 5.
~ Entebbe (A. F. R. Wollaston), 1 3.
Family NoToDONTID4.
ZANA TRIFASCIATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 37.)
. 6. Head and thorax pale red-brown, a stripe on frons and vertex of head and the
vertex of thorax black-brown; palpi and lower part of frons black-brown ; tibiz and
tarsi black-brown, the latter with slight pale rings; abdomen whitish dorsally tinged
with ochreous and with brown at base, ventrally tinged with brown. Fore wing
whitish, the costal and terminal areas and inner margin tinged with ochreous and
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA,. 119
irrorated with brown; a diffused black-brown fascia along median nervure, bifurcating
at lower angle of cell and extending on vein 4 almost to termen and for a short distance
along vein 3; a diffused black-brown fascia on vein 1 narrowing to a point beyond
middle; a slight black-brown streak on vein 6, met by a diffused oblique fascia from
termen just below apex, and forming an angle at their junction; a slight waved dark
terminal line dentate on the cilia. Hind wing white with a faint ochreous tinge.
2. Head, thorax, and fore wing browner; hind wing tinged with brown.
Hab. Ucanna, Entebbe (EL. A. Minchin, G. Legge & A. F. R. Wollaston), 2 3,1 2
types; Sierra Leone, Port Lokko (F. 8. Penny), 1 3; Nyasaanp (RB. Crawshay), 1°.
Hap. 30-42 mm.
RamEsa ciTaRiA Schaus, Lep. 8. Leone, p. 26, pl. 1. f. 10 (1893).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 13.
RaMESA MACRODONTA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 38.)
Antennze of both sexes bipectinate with short branches, the apical part serrate.
Head velvety black-brown ; antenne ochreous; tegule brown mixed with ochreous ;
thorax grey-brown glossed with metallic blue in front; pectus, legs, and abdomen
brown mixed with ochreous. Fore wing grey tinged with brown, the costal area
broadly suffused with fuscous; antemedial line fine, double, black filled in with grey
slightly dentate towards costa, then extremely strongly dentate, the teeth increasing in
length towards inner margin; a brownish discoidal bar defined by black at sides ;
postmedial line black defined by grey on outer side, somewhat oblique towards costa,
dentate above and below vein 5, then incurved and slightly angled outwards at vein 1,
veins 6 to 2 beyond it with fine black streaks defined on each side by grey streaks,
extending to the rather diffused pale subterminal line, which is oblique from apex to
submedian fold, then bent outwards to tornus, and with traces of a pale waved line
beyond it; a fine waved black terminal line; cilia fuscous. Hind wing with the basal
half yellowish-white, the terminal half pale brown; the underside with the white area
more extensive and extending to tornus, the costal area suffused with brown to
near base.
Hab. Ueanna, Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type ; Sterra Leong, Port Lokko
(PF. S. Penny), 13,192; S. Ruopusta, Sebakwe, 19. Harp. 40-50 mm.
STENOSTAURA, gen. n.
Proboscis absent; palpi extremely minute and clothed with hair; antenne of male
bipectinate with short branches, the apical part serrate, the basal joint tufted with hair;
fore tibiz fringed with long hair, the tarsal joints tufted with hair, the mid and hind
tibize with minute terminal pairs of spurs; build slender. Hore wing very narrow, the
apex rounded, the termen obliquely curved; veins 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from
120 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
below upper angle; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11 from cell. Hind wing with veins 3, 4
stalked; 5 from middle of discocellulars ; 6, 7 strongly stalked; 8 from towards end
of cell.
STENOSTAURA IMPEDITA W1]k. xxxii. 583 (1865). (Plate IV. fig. 45.)
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 3.
Family GEOMETRID &.
Subfamily BoaRMIAN.
Hyprerytura onivata Warr. Nov. Zool. iv. p. 253 (1897).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢; Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 2 ¢.
OSTEODES PERVITTATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 46.)
¢. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with olive-brown; palpi fuscous above,
ochreous below; pectus, legs, and abdomen pale ochreous slightly irrorated with
brown. Fore wing silky ochreous-white, the costal area slightly irrorated with
fuscous, the terminal area faintly tinged with brown; traces of a curved postmedial
line; cilia brownish with a fine pale line through them. Hind wing silky ochreous-
white with very slight dark irroration at apex. Underside of fore wing suffused with
brown (except marginal areas), becoming reddish below costa, the costal and terminal
areas irrorated with fuscous, a black discoidal striga; hind wing ochreous-white
irrcrated with black, costal area suffused with rufous, a rufous streak through lower
part of cell from base to termen, a black discoidal point, an indistinct diffused curved
postmedial band between veins 7 and 2.
Hab. Ueanna, Mokia, $.K. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 ¢ type; Mulema(W. G. Doggett),
2 g, Toro (C. Christy), 1 3. Hap. 36 mm.
Macaria MAcuLosa Warr. Noy. Zool. vi. p. 306 (1899).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 o.
MAcaRIA TRIZONARIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 47.)
3. Head and thorax whitish tinged with ochreous; palpi brown above; vertex of
head with dark line; tegule tipped with brown at middle; pectus, legs, and abdomen
ocbreous-white irrorated with brown. Fore wing ochreous-white striated with olive-
brown, most thickly on basal, costal, and terminal areas; an olive-brown antemedial
shade with black line on it slightly bent inwards to costa, then oblique; an oblique
diffused medial olive-brown shade, blackish towards inner margin and with a black
discoidal striga on it; an olive-brown bar from costa towards apex; a sinuous black
postmedial line from just below vein 4 to inner margin with a broad olive-brown shade
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 121
beyond it arising from termen below apex and leaving some whitish on termen from
vein 6 to tornus, and with a blackish mark on it at vein 5; an oblique white
subterminal line from vein 2 to tornus defined by blackish on inner side; a terminal
series of minute black lunules; cilia ochreous intersected with black. Hind wing
ochreous-white irrorated with olive-brown; a slight dark discoidal point and marks on
inner margin at and beyond middle; an oblique black postmedial line from vein 6
to tornus with brownish shade before it at middle; a terminal series of small black
lunules ; cilia intersected with black at middle. Underside yellowish-white sparsely
irrorated with black-brown ; small dark discoidal spots ; a diffused reddish postmedial
shade with blackish strie on it, forking to apex of fore wing and with slight waved
dark edges on hind wing.
Hab. Mokia, 8... Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 84 mm.
MACARIA ATRICLATHRATA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 48.)
Head and thorax ochreous-whitish mixed with rufous and. fuscous; tarsi fuscous
ringed with white; abdomen pale ochreous irrorated with fuscous and with pale
segmental lines. Fore wing ochreous-whitish tinged with rufous, and irrorated and
striated with brown ; an indistinct dark subbasal line from costa to submedian fold;
antemedial line black on costal half, then brown, excurved below costa, slightly angled
inwards on median nervure, then oblique sinuous; a small spot formed of diffused
black scales below origin of vein 2; a slight blackish discoidal lunule; postmedial
line double, oblique, brownish, minutely waved, defined on each side by prominent
black striz between vein 6 and submedian fold; a faint brownish subterminal line,
slightly incurved at middle and bent outwards to tornus; a blackish point on costa
near apex ; a fine brown terminal line with slight blackish mark below apex. Hind
wing ochreous-whitish slightly tinged with rufous, the basal and terminal areas
irrorated and striated with blackish; a small black discoidal spot with series of small
black spots on the inner side and from lower angle of cell to inner margin; a double
postmedial series of black lunules, slighter towards costa, somewhat excurved at middle
where there are two black striz beyond it, and bent outwards to inner margin; a
terminal series of rather diffused black lunules. Underside of both wings with the
double postmedial band rather more diffused and continuous.
Hab. Ueanna, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 ¢ type; Nigeria, Old
Calabar (Col. F. W. Sampson), 1 3, Sapele (Col. F. W. Sampson), 12. Hap. 28 mm.
‘TEPHRINA CINERASCENS Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xvi. p. 418 (1879).
Mokia, 8.. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2.
TEPHRINA PRESBITARIA Swith. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1904, p. 511.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 ¢.
VOL. XIX.—PART Il. No. 16.—December, 1909. R
122 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
TEPHRINA DEERRARIA WIk. xxii. 962 (1861).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft.,2 ¢,1 9.
TEPHRINA OLEOCHROA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 49.)
Head and thorax pale olive-brown ; palpi blackish at tips; abdomen whitish irrorated
with olive-brown. Fore wing greyish thickly mottled with pale olive-brown ; indistinct
minutely sinuous oblique antemedial and medial lines; a slight dark discoidal point ;
postmedial line oblique from costa to vein 6, incurved and double below vein 4, with
some black scales on it above vein 6 and a black spot beyond it in submedian fold;
a slight oblique pale shade from termen below apex to angle of postmedial line; a
terminal series of slight brown striz. Hind wing whitish thickly irrorated and striated
with pale olive-brown; a black discoidal point ; a fine postmedial line incurved below
vein 4, double from vein 6 to inner margin, the outer line rather diffused; a terminal
series of dark striae. Underside of both wings whitish, tinged with ochreous and
thickly mottled with olive-brown, black discoidal points and diffused postmedial line.
Ab. 1. Both wings more uniform pale olive-brown, the postmedial line very
indistinctly double on fore wing, on hind wing single and with another faint line
beyond it.
Hab. Ucanpa, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3900 ft., 3 ¢, 1 @ type; Unyoro, Motuba
(C. S. Betton), 1 3. Exp. 32-34 mm.
>
TEPHRINA OBSERVATA WI1k. xxiii. 963 (1861).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,2 ¢.
ZAMARADA CHRYSOTHYRA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 50.)
Head and thorax ochreous-whitish mixed with dark brown; pectus and abdomen
ochreous-whitish. Fore wing golden-hyaline slightly striated with brown, the costal
and terminal areas brownish-ochreous, the costal area striated with black and silver;
a brown subbasal line, black at costa; a black discoidal spot, with some silver scales
on it; postmedial line brown defined by silver on outer side, minutely waved to vein 4,
excurved to termen and incurved below vein 2; a minutely waved silver subterminal
line with red-brown suffusion before it from costa to vein 6 and black patches at discal
and submedian folds; terminal black points from apex to vein 5; a slight brown line
through the cilia. Hind wing golden-hyaline slightly striated with brown; a slight
brown postmedial line defined by silver on outer side, slightly excurved below vein 7
and more strongly between veins 4 and 2; a waved silver subterminal line with red-
brown suffusion before it from costa to vein 6, and blackish marks at discal and
submedian folds; a terminal series of black points from apex to vein 3. Underside of
both wings with the terminal area suffused with dark brown; hind wing with black
discoidal point.
GEORGE. F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 123
Hab. Br. BE. Arrica, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type; UeGanpa, Mulema
(W. G. Doggett), 1 3, Ketoma (W. G. Doggett),2 g. Hap. 24 mm.
ZAMARADA PHHOZONA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 51.)
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey suffused with red-brown and largely mixed with
black ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen ochreous-greyish slightly mixed
with fuscous. Fore wing semihyaline-grey tinged with brown and thickly irrorated
with fuscous, the costal and terminal areas brown, thickly irrorated and striated with
black; an indistinct blackish antemedial line, oblique from cell to inner margin;
a black discoidal spot; an indistinct medial line with black spot at costa, slightly
excurved from costa beyond the cell to lower angle, then oblique to inner margin;
postmedial line black defined by silver on outer side, slightly incurved at discal fold,
excurved between veins 4 and 2, then incurved; a dentate black subterminal line
defined by silver on outer side and slightly incurved below vein 2; a fine black
terminal line; cilia brown mixed with fuscous. Hind wing semihyaline-grey irrorated
with fuscous, the inner area tinged with red-brown, the terminal area red-brown
thickly irrorated and striated with black; a discoidal point and traces of a line from
lower angle of cell to inner margin; postmedial line black slightly defined on outer
side by greyish, excurved between veins 4 and 2; a minutely waved black subterminal
line defined on outer side by silver scales ; a fine black terminal line ; cilia red-brown
mixed with fuscous. Underside of both wings with the terminal area fuscous-black.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 22 mm.
Subsp. 1. Head, thorax, abdomen, and wings with the ground-colour much brighter
red-brown, the semihyaline areas tinged with red-brown and striated with fuscous.
Hab. Br. K. Arrica, Machakos (&. Crawshay), 2 6,2 2. Hxp. 32 mm.
HYPOCROSIS GLAUCARIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 52.)
gé. Head and thorax pale purple-grey faintly tinged with green; palpi, tibie, and
tarsi tinged with rufous; abdomen white tinged with grey-green. Fore wing purple-
grey with slight dark irroration ; a very indistinct diffused oblique antemedial yellow-
green band; a similar, more distinct, obliquely curved medial band; a white striga
on upper discocellular ; a diffused obliquely incurved postmedial yellow-green band
arising from costa close to apex; a very indistinct, incurved, minutely waved sub-
terminal line arising from termen just below apex and ending at tornus. Hind wing
with the costal half yellowish-white, the inner half purple-grey with the inuer margin
white, the grey-green extending on termen up to vein 6; indistinct diffused yellow-
green postmedial and subterminal lines from vein 4 to inner margin. Underside of
fore wing white, the costal area faintly tinged with brown and the apical area striated
with brown ; hind wing yellowish-white sparsely striated with brown.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 3 type. Exp. 46 mm.
R2
124 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
HYPocrosis MACULIFERA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 53.)
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish tinged with pale greenish yellow, the head,
pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen tinged with rufous; antenne whitish with
segmental rings, and the base and tips of branches brown. Fore wing whitish suffused
with pale greenish yellow and sparsely irrorated with black; an oblique diffused
medial grey-green line with small blackish spots before it in cell and submedian fold ;
a blackish spot on upper discocellular; an indistinct obliquely incurved diffused grey-
green postmedial line arising from costa near apex with small blackish spot beyond it
below vein 7, a bar between veins 6 and 4, and spot in submedian fold. Hind wing
pale greenish-yellow slightly irrorated with red, the inner area tinged with grey-green
and irrorated with black. Underside of fore wing with some fiery-red striz on apical
area, the termen from apex to vein 6 thickly striated with red.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, K. Ruwenzori, 6600 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 42 mm.
PSILOCEREA STICTIGRAMMA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 54.)
é. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown slightly tinged with rufous. Fore wing
grey-brown slightly irrorated with black and tinged with rufous especially on medial
area ; antemedial line red-brown defined on inner side by a few whitish scales and by
white points at median nervure and vein 1, nearly straight and erect; a black discoidal
point ; postmedial line red-brown, defined on outer side by white from costa to below
vein 7 where it ig acutely angled outwards, then incurved and with white points on its
outer edge at the veins, some whitish scales from costa before apex to its angle and a
sinuous brown shade from it at vein 4 to tornus; cilia dark red-brown at base, whitish
at tips. Hind wing grey-brown slightly irrorated with black and tinged with rufous
except on costal and terminal areas; a black point on upper discocellular; postmedial
line red-brown faintly defined on outer side by whitish, slightly angled outwards below
costa, then straight ; traces of an irregularly waved subterminal line; cilia dark red-
brown at base, whitish at tips; the underside with the postmedial line evenly curved.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 30 mm.
PSILOCEREA CRASPIGONIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 55.)
Both wings with the termen angled at vein 4.
¢. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale yellow slightly tinged in parts with rufous.
Fore wing pale yellow very faintly speckled with pale rufous; the costa with some
red-brown points ; traces of an erect slightly waved rufous antemedial line; a blackish
discoidal point ; postmedial line dark brown and incurved from costa to below vein 7,
with an oblique rufous patch with whitish centre beyond it from costa, then indistinct,
rufous, incurved below vein 3, and with a dark brown patch beyond it in submedian
interspace. Hind wing pale yellow faintly speckled with rufous; a blackish discoidal
point ; a slight postmedial line somewhat excurved at middle.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 125
2. Fore wing with the lines more distinct, the postmedial line without brown patch
beyond it in submedian interspace. Hind wing with the postmedial line more
distinct from vein 3 to inner margin.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,1 ¢,1 2 type. Hyp. 38 mm.
PSILOCEREA CURVIMARGO, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 56.)
Both wings with the termen evenly curved.
.6. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale yellow faintly tinged in parts with rufous.
Fore wing pale yellow faintly speckled with rufous, the costa with some red-brown
points ; antemedial line rather diffused, rufous, slightly sinuous; a blackish discoidal
point ; postmedial line red-brown and incurved from costa to below vein 7 where it is
joined by an oblique striga from costa, then rufous, diffused, incurved below vein 3.
Hind wing pale yellow faintly speckled with rufous; a blackish discoidal point; an
oblique rather diffused rufous postmedial line from vein 4 to inner margin.
Ab. 1. Fore wing with a dark brown patch beyond postmedial line in submedian
interspace.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 g type. Hap. 36 mm.
XYLOPTERYX PRASINARIA, sp. n. (Plate LV. fig. 57.)
@. Head and thorax yellow-green mixed with some black; palpi whitish tinged
with fuscous; antenne white ringed with black; outer edge of patagia black;
metathorax whitish ; pectus and legs white irrorated with fuscous, the tibia and tarsi
banded black and white; abdomen whitish dorsally suffused with brown, the ventral
surface white. Fore wing yellow-green thickly striated with black, the veins of medial
and terminal areas with faint reddish streaks; antemedial Jine black, dilated at costa,
very oblique and angled outwards in submedian fold, in which there is a black streak
from it to postmedial line ; a rather diffused black spot on middle of costa; postmedial
line black, slightly dilated and excurved at costa, oblique to vein 7, excurved at vein 6,
then incurved, strongly angled inwards in submedian fold and bent outwards to inner
margin; a dentate blackish subterminal line with slight whitish mark on its outer
edge at vein 4; a lunulate black terminal line not quite reaching apex and tornus;
cilia whitish with blackish line through them, the tips chequered with blackish.
Hind wing pale yellow-green striated with fuscous, the veins of terminal half with
slight reddish streaks; an indistinct oblique antemedial dark line from subcostal
nervure to inner margin; a blackish discoidal point; an indistinct oblique postmedial
dark line produced to short streaks on the veins; a diffused reddish subterminal band,
incurved at vein 4, where there is a white mark and short black streak on its outer
edge; a lunulate black terminal line not quite reaching apex and tornus; cilia fuscous
intersected with whitish and with white line at base. Underside white slightly
126 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
irrorated and striated with fuscous: fore wing with blackish discoidal spot with
white centre; hind wing with discoidal point; both wings with broad sinuous black
subterminal band extending to termen between veins 7 and 4.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @ type. Hap. 36 mm.
TERINA CHRYSOPTERA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 58.)
g. Head, thorax, and abdomen black; first joint of palpi with white spot; frons
white; vertex of head, shoulders, pro- and metathorax, and pectus with white spots ;
coxee and femora with slight white streaks; abdomen with dorsal, lateral, and sub-
lateral series of white spots, the genital tufts yellow. Fore wing golden-orange ;
a very small black patch at base with white spot on it; the costal edge black; a black
band with rather irregular edges from costa beyond middle where it expands to termen
at vein 2; a very narrow terminal black band with waved inner edge expanding into a
patch at apex. Hind wing golden-orange with very narrow terminal black band
expanding somewhat at apex and into a triangular patch at vein 2. Underside of both
wings with slight white mark on termen just below apex.
Hab. Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 44 mm,
Subfamily GEOMETRINA.
'THALASSODES coneruA WIk. Proc. N. H. Soc. Glasg. i. (ii.) p. 371 (1869).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 2.
NEMORIA BRUNNEIFRONS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 59.)
Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish tinged with pale green; palpi, frons, and fore
legs above deep red-brown. Fore wing pale yellow-green with slight dark irroration,
the costal edge brownish; a faint dark discoidal striga; postmedial line faint, dark,
minutely waved, slightly curved; a slight dark terminal line. Hind wing pale yellow-
green with slight dark irroration; a faint oblique dark discoidal striga; a faint curved
very slightly waved dark postmedial line; a slight dark terminal line. Underside
whitish, with the costa of both wings and cell of fore wing slightly tinged with brown.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 1 @ type. Hap. 24 mm.
CoMIB&NA BIVIARIA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 60.)
9. Head green; palpi fuscous-brown, white below ; antennz white; thorax bright
yellow-green with some white on dorsum in front; pectus and legs white, the fore
tibize with fuscous hair; abdomen green with red-brown dorsal patches at base and
middle, the extremity and ventral surface white. Fore wing bright yellow-green; the
costa white; a straight, outwardly oblique, white antemedial line; a black discoidal
point; a slightly incurved white postmedial line, ending at tornus; cilia white with
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 127
a few brown scales at apex. Hind wing bright yellow-green; a minute black discoida!
point; cilia white; the underside white tinged with green, an oblique green post-
medial line slightly excurved at middle.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 9 type. Hwxp. 36 mm.
CHLOROCHROMA INVENUSTA Wllgrn. Wien. ent. Mon. 1863, p. 150.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
Subfamily AcIDALIANA.
EPHYRA ANANDARIA Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1904, p. 561.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 @.
CRASPEDIA INTERNATARIA W1k. xxii. 746 (1861).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,1 2.
CRASPEDIA AGRAPTA Wart. ix. 498 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢.
Subfamily LaRenriana.
ASTHENOTRICHA FLAVICOMA Warr. Nov. Zool. vi. p. 296 (1899).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 3.
ASTHENOTRICHA INUTILIS Warr. Nov. Zool. viii. p. 200 (1901).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft.,2 ¢,1 9.
ASTHENOTRICHA ANSORGEI Warr. Nov. Zool. vi. p. 296 (1899).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 ¢.
ASTHENOTRICHA SEMIDIVISA Warr. Nov. Zool. viii. p. 11 (1901).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft, 1 ¢,1 9.
ScoTosiA RUBRITINCTA Hmpsn. Bull. Liverp. Mus. ii. p. 38 (1899); id. Nat. Hist.
Sokotra, pl. xx. f. 20.
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 1 2.
GONANTICLEA MERIDIONATA WIk. xxv. 1399 (1862).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢@.
128 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
GONANTICLEA OBTUSA Warr. Nov. Zool. ix. p. 517 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2 ¢.
LARENTIA HETEROMORPHA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 61.)
Antenne of male bipectinate, with long branches to near apex.
3. Head and thorax black mixed with red-brown; abdomen black mixed with
white. Fore wing whitish suffused with red-brown, the basal and medial areas suffused
with black, the terminal area with dark brown; four diffused minutely waved blackish
lines on basal area; antemedial line double, diffused, blackish, waved; a small black
discoidal spot ; the postmedial area with four waved lines excurved between discal fold
and vein 2; a lunulate white subterminal line slightly defined on each side by blackish ;
a terminal series of pairs of black points on each side of the veins. Hind wing white;
the inner margin with some slight dark striae beyond middle and towards tornus ;
a terminal series of pairs of black points on each side of the veins; the underside
tinged with rufous and irrorated with a few black scales, a black point at upper angle
of cell, traces of a postmedial line with short black streaks on the veins, excurved
below costa and at middle, a subterminal series of slight blackish spots.
Ab. 1. Fore wing whiter slightly tinged with rufous and with ante- and postmedial
white bands, the medial area not suffused with black, the discoidal spot ona white patch.
Ab. 2. Fore wing strongly tinged with rufous, the medial area rather broader and
partly suffused with black ; hind wing with black discoidal point, a medial line angled
outwards at vein 4, then waved, and rather diffused lunulate subterminal line.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-12,600 ft., 9 g type. Hap. 28-32 mm.
LARENTIA CHLOROSTOLA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 62.)
Antenne of male minutely serrate, with long bristles and cilia.
¢. Head and thorax bright yellow-green mixed with some black ; palpi black ;
pectus, legs, and abdomen brownish-white, the last with some green and black on
dorsum. Fore wing bright yellow-green ; some black on base of costa; subbasal line
blackish, sinuous, from costa to inner margin; antemedial line blackish, slightly
waved; a black discoidal striga; a black striga from middle of costa and a somewhat
oblique and sinuous line from costa to vein 4 just beyond the cell; postmedial line
blackish, more prominent and double at costa, angled outwards at veins 6 and 4, then
oblique and minutely waved; a black bar from costa towards apex, followed by a black
patch with minutely dentate outer edge; a small bidentate subterminal black mark
between veins 6 and 4; a terminal series of black points in pairs on each side of veins ;
cilia white chequered with fuscous. Hind wing white with a faint brownish tinge ;
a minute black discoidal point; the underside sparsely irrorated with brown, an
indistinct slightly sinuous postmedial line with black points on the veins.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 26 mm.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA., 129
CIDARIA THERMOCHROA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 63.)
Antenne of male somewhat laminate and almost simple.
3. Head and thorax fulvous-yellow tinged with violaceous-white ; pectus and legs
whitish irrorated with brown; abdomen white tinged with red-brown and dorsally
suffused with fulvous-yellow at base. Fore wing with the basal area fulvous-yellow,
the rest of wing violaceous-grey suffused with red-brown, the medial part of costal
area and the areas just beyond antemedial and postmedial lines whiter; three curved
minutely waved brown subbasal lines; antemedial line rather diffused, brown slightly
defined by white on inner side, angled outwards below costa, then slightly sinuous,
with two fine brown lines before it and two beyond it; the medial area with three
waved brown lines ; postmedial line double filled in with white, the outer line less
distinct, slightly excurved below costa and at middle, then oblique; an indistinct
waved white subterminal line met by an oblique white streak from apex; a fine brown
terminal line; cilia white, with strong brown line near base. Hind wing whitish
slightly tinged with brown; three indistinct waved brownish medial lines and a
postmedial line excurved at middle; termen brownish with fine dark terminal line;
cilia white, brownish at middle and with dark points at the veins; the underside
irrorated with brown, the lines more distinct, a curved subterminal line.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 36 mm.
Family SATURNIAD A.
NUDAURELIA DIONE Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. (1) p. 410 (1793).
Some pupe from which a crippled specimen emerged.
PSEUDAPHELIA ANSORGEI Roths. Noy. Zool. v. p. 101 (1898).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢,1 9.
GOODIA ORIENS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 42.)
Goodia holland Butl. P. Z. S. 1898, p. 430 (2 nec ¢).
3. Head and tegule grey mixed with brown; palpi and frons chocolate-brown ;
antenne pale rufous, the basal joint whitish ; patagia rufous; thorax brown; pectus
and legs brown mixed with grey, the tarsi rufous; abdomen red-brown. Fore wing
grey thickly irrorated with dark brown, the basal inner area pinkish or pale rufous ;
antemedial line blackish, oblique from costa to median nervure on which it is
bent inwards, then oblique to inner margin on which there is some dark brown
suffusion beyond it; medial area with alternating white and dark striz on costa; an
oblique black discoidal line; a faint diffused oblique brown shade beyond the cell from
VOL. X1X.—PaRT 11. No. 17.— December, 1909. Ss
130 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
postmedial line to inner margin; postmedial line blackish, waved, evenly curved; a
triangular fuscous shade on termen from just below apex to vein 4; a fine dark
terminal line ; cilia fuscous on apical half, pale rufous towards tornus. Hind wing
pale grey-brown, the basal half suffused with pinkish or pale rufous; an indistinct
curved brown postmedial line; a slight patch of fuscous suffusion on terminal area
below apex ; a fine dark terminal line; cilia ochreous at base, brown at tips; the
underside grey thickly irrorated with black-brown, the basal half clothed with rough
brown hair except at costa, the postmedial line blackish, oblique to vein 6, excurved
to vein 5, then incurved.
?. Paler; fore wing with the lines almost obsolete.
Hab. Ucanna, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,4 ¢ ; Br. BE. Arrics, Yaru (CRS:
Betton), 1 2. Hap., s 44, 2 54mm.
Family URANIAD&.
STROPHIDIA ERYCINARIA Guen. Ur. & Phal. ii. p. 30 (1857).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2 @.
Family LASIOCAMPID &.
PSEUDOMETA CASTANEA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 28.)
3. Head and thorax chestnut-brown with a slight olive tinge; abdomen rather
darker red-brown. Fore wing chestnut-brown with a slight olive tinge; antemedial
line dark, somewhat diffused and slightly curved; a slight white discoidal bar ;
postmedial line dark, somewhat diffused towards costa, oblique from costa to vein 6,
excurved to vein 5, then incurved and waved; a faint oblique shade from costa to
vein 6 at the subterminal line which is dark, oblique, and minutely dentate. Hind
wing darker red-brown with indistinct, diffused, obliquely curved, dark postmedial
line; cilia rufous, whitish at tips; the underside with the costal edge whitish, a very
diffused blackish obliquely curved medial shade.
Cocoon. Nepenthes-shaped, hanging from leaf by a stalk at one side, white banded
with blackish.
Hab. Ucanna, Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type, Entebbe (#. A. Minchin),
13. zp. 38 mm.
TaRAGAMA BuTiTI Beth.-Baker, A. M. N. H. (7) xviii. p. 344 (1906). (Plate IV.
fig. 29.)
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2.
TARAGAMA DIPLOCYMA, sp.n. (Plate IV. fig. 30.)
3. Head and thorax deep rufous ; palpi at tips and lower part of frons whitish ;
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. SIT
antenne with the shaft whitish; tegule and patagia above edged with white; pectus
whitish at sides; tarsi slightly ringed with white; abdomen whitish, the ventral
surface rufous with whitish segmental lines. Fore wing deep rufous, the terminal area
paler except at apex ; an oblique white striga at base, the base of inner margin white ;
a slight dark discoidal bar; a curved white postmedial line from costa to vein 5,
expanding at costa; a white line from costa towards apex to middle of inner margin,
excurved between veins 7 and 5, incurved to vein 4, excurved above veins 3 and 2,
then incurved ; cilia grey at base, white at tips. Hind wing white, the terminal area
suffused with rufous narrowing to a point at tornus; a dark mark on termen and cilia
just before tornus; an oblique white postmedial band defined on inner side by rufous
suffusion from costa to vein 2; cilia white.
Hab. Ucaypa, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢ type; Entebbe (C. Christy),
12. Ezp. 68 mm.
ANADIASA LEUCOCYMA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 31.)
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown. Fore wing red-brown; traces of a
curved dark antemedial line; a small white spot at lower angle of cell; a very
minutely waved dark postmedial line with a slightly paler band on its inner side
except at costa, excurved from costa to vein 4, then incurved; a curved, waved, white
subterminal line with dark lunules on its inner side. Hind wing reddish-brown,
irrorated with silvery-grey, the basal area rather paler; an oblique, slightly curved,
brown medial line with traces of another line beyond it; a subterminal series of slight
dark spots with faint whitish lunules on their outer side. Underside of fore wing
with curved medial line, the subterminal lunules indistinct ; hind wing with the inner
area pale yellowish, the medial line curved, the subterminal lunules distinct.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 48 mm.
ANADIASA REDUCTA WIk. vi. 1411 (1855).
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 1 ¢?.
CHRYSOPSYCHE LEUCOSTIGMA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 41.)
3. Head, thorax, and abdomen rather pale rufous; antenna with the shaft white,
the branches blackish ; tarsi whitish at tips. Fore wing olive-ochreous; a subbasal
white spot below the cell; the first line almost medial, brownish, rather oblique ;
a brownish discoidal striga ; postmedial line brownish, slightly oblique from costa to
vein 7, then inwardly oblique to middle of inner margin and slightly incurved at vein 2 ;
a diffused oblique white subterminal band from below apex to just above inner margin,
incurved at vein 5 and excurved at vein 4; cilia faintly chequered with whitish.
Hind wing pale olive-brown ; a faint oblique pale band from lower angle of cell to
tornus; a rather more distinct diffused pale subterminal band from costa near apex
§ 2
132 ZOOLOGIGAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
to tornus, incurved at vein 5 and excurved at vein 4; cilia pale at base, brownish
at tips; the underside pale olive-ochreous, a white patch on costa near base, an
indistinct rather diffused dark subterminal line from costa near apex to above tornus,
incurved at vein 5 and excurved at vein 4.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 1 ¢ type. vp. 46 mm.
BERALADE CONTINUA Auriv. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1905, p. 321, pl. 16. f. 14.
Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,2 ¢,2 @.
BERALADE STRIGIFASCIA, sp.n. (Plate IV. fig. 39.)
¢. Head and thorax white mixed with red-brown; sides of palpi and frons red-
brown; antenne with the branches rufous; tegule, except at base, and vertex of
thorax, except metathorax, red-brown; abdomen whitish, suffused with red-brown at
base. Fore wing white mixed with red-brown; some white at base of inner margin;
a small white discoidal spot ; an oblique dark brown subterminal line from below apex
to just above inner margin, crossed by short dark streaks on the veins and with
diffused white band on its inner side; cilia white. Hind wing white, with two slight
rufous marks above tornus and a fine brownish terminal line; the underside with the
costal area irrorated with brown.
@. Fore wing rather paler and more uniform in colour.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500-4000 ft. 4 3 type; Lake Edward, 1 9.
Exp. 38 mm.
ODONTOCHEILOPTERYX MYXA Wllern. Wien. ent. Mon. iv. p. 165 (1860).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,1 ¢,1 ¢@.
Family LIMAacoDID 4.
Canopasis AMa@NA Feld. Reis. Nov. pl. 82. f 14 (1874).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3000 ft., 1 ¢.
APLUDA simiLis Dist. A. M. N. H. (6) xx. p. 205 (1897); id. Ins. Transv. p. 95,
Oly Bs te IY),
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 4 3.
APLUDA INCINCTA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 25.)
¢. Head and thorax white, the latter edged with red-brown on shoulders and
patagia, on which it expands into patches; palpi and lower part of frons yellow tinged
with red-brown; antenne yellow; pectus and legs red-brown and yellow, the former
with some white at sides; abdomen yellow, white at base. Fore wing red-brown, the
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 133
terminal area from postmedial line white with a yellow patch at apex ; a large white
patch from base to end of cell extending to below costa and at middle expanding to
submedian fold; a white streak on middle of inner margin ; a postmedial white patch
on costa with a spot below it below vein 6 and an oblique elliptical patch from below
vein 3 to vein 1, the outer edge of brown area obliquely excurved from costa to vein 5,
then incurved ; no terminal line. Hind wing pure white, without terminal line; the
underside with red-brown streak on costa from base to beyond middle.
Hab. Ucanna (C. Christy), 1 3, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 3 ¢ type; Br. E.
Arrica, Machakos (fh. Crawshay), 2 3 ; Br. C. Arrica, Zomba (A. R. Andrew),
13. Hap. 24 mm.
TETRAPHLEPS RUFICEPS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 36.)
é. Head and tegule rufous, the latter whitish at tips; palpi, thorax, and abdomen
dark chocolate-red ; fore legs with the extremities of tibize and the tarsal joints with
silvery-white spots, the mid and hind tarsi ringed with whitish. Fore wing dark
chocolate-brown suffused over greyish, the basal area and the area before subterminal
line darkest; a blackish discoidal spot ; postmedial line with blackish striga from costa,
then very indistinct, oblique; subterminal line blackish, excurved to near termen at
middle, then almost obsolete. Hind wing uniform dark silky reddish-brown.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. Hap. 26 mm.
Family ARBELID &.
MARSHALLIANA BivitTaTa Auriv. Ent. Tidskr. 1901, p. 126.
Entebbe (4. F. R. Wollaston), 1 6.
MARSHALLIANA ARCIFERA, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 64.)
3g. Head and thorax yellowish mixed with rufous; palpi blackish ; antenne with
the shaft white, the branches blackish ; abdomen whitish suffused with rufous. Fore
wing yellowish tinged with rufous, the veins streaked with brown, except on costal
area ; a curved white fascia from base below median nervure to extremity of cell, then
bent downwards to tornus; a whitish fascia on inner margin to near tornus; a brown
discoidal bar ; the interspaces beyond the cell whitish except on costal area ; a diffused
brown subterminal band bent outwards to apex and excurved at middle; cilia
yellowish-rufous tipped with white. Hind wing white, the veins streaked with
red-brown ; a brown discoidal bar; cilia tinged with red-brown at base.
@. Rather paler and less tinged with rufous.
Hab. Br. BK. Arrica, Nairobi (R. Crawshay), 1 ¢, Athi-ya-Mawe (C. S, Betton),
12 3,3 9, Naitolia (C. S. Betton), 1 3 type; Uaanpa, Masaha (A. F. 2. Wollaston),
13g. Kap. 22-28 mm.
134 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family Cossip@.
AZYGOPHLEPS ALBOVITTATA Beth.-Baker, A. M. N. H. (8) ii. p. 263 (1908).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500-4000 ft., 3 3.
DvoMITUs CILIMANJARENSIS Holland, Entom. xxv. Suppl. p. 94 (1892); id. Pr. US.
Nat. Mus. xviii. p. 252, pl. vii. f. 8.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 1 3.
Family Zy@ HNID&.
Pompostoua vicaria WIk. 1. 207 (1854); Butl. Il. Het. B. M. i. p. 47, pl. 10. f. 4.
Lake Tanganyika (A. Fr. R. Wollaston), 1 ¢.
Family PyRaLipD &.
Subfamily CramBina.
ANCYLOLOMIA CHRYSOGRAPHELLA Koll. Hiig. Kasch. iv. p. 494 (1845).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 2°.
Subfamily ANERASTIAN.
EMMATHEUDES LENTISTRIGALIS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 66.)
3. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with rufous; palpi rufous at sides; abdomen
reddish-ochreous. Fore wing ochreous tinged with rufous, the veins defined by
slight rufous streaks; a rather diffused rufous streak below subcostal nervure from
base to apex and another below submedian nervure to lower angle of cell; a dark
discoidal point; dark points beyond the cell on veins 6 to 2 and two below the cell
in submedian fold; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing pale ochreous.
Hab. Goup Coast, Ajinah (G. C. Dudgeon), 1 s type; Br. E. Arrica, Machakos
(R. Crawshay), 1 3; Uaanna, Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft.,1¢. Hap., 3 28,
2 40 mm.
Subfamily PyraLina.
PARAGLOSSA ATRISQUAMALIS Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xvii. p. 221 (1906).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 2.
TYNDIS PROTEANALIS Hmpsn. A. M. N. H. (7) xvii. p. 357 (1906).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢, 1 ?.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 135
Subfamily HyprocaMPina.
ZEBRONIA PHENICE Cram. Pap. Exot. iv. p. 185, pl. 382. f. G (1783).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
Subfamily Pyraustina.
SYLEPTA OVIALIS WIk. xviii. 636 (1859).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
SYLEPTA SABINUSALIS Wlk. xvill. 708 (1859).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢,1 2.
PILOCROCIS PATAGIALIS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 66.)
Patagia of male fringed with thick large scales on upper edge.
Head and thorax cupreous-brown, the vertex of head whitish, the vertex of thorax
purplish-brown in maie; palpi white at base, black at tips; pectus and legs whitish ;
abdomen whitish, dorsally tinged with brown. Fore wing cupreous-brown, the costal
area yellow from antemedial to beyond postmedial line; antemedial line blackish
defined by whitish on inner side, obliquely curved; a black point in middle of cell
and narrow discoidal lunule ; postmedial line blackish, defined on outer side by a
trifid white patch from below costa to vein 5, points below veins 5, 4, 3, an elliptical
spot in submedian interspace and point above inner margin, bent outwards between
veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below angle of cell; a fine white line at base of cilia.
Hind wing greyish-brown ; a faint oblique dark discoidal lunule defined by whitish
on outer side; a dark postmedial line with white patch beyond it below costa, bent
outwards, slightly waved and defined by white on outer side between veins 5 and 2,
then retracted to below end of cell and with white band on outer side; a fine white
line at base of cilia.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft, 1¢, 1 9 type. Hap. 3 34,
@ 30 mm.
PILOCROCIS LARALIS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 67.)
3. Head and thorax pale brownish-olive ; palpi white at base, fuscous at tips;
pectus and legs whitish ; abdomen pale brownish-olive; the ventral surface white.
Fore wing pale glaucous-grey, the costal half tinged with brown; antemedial line
blackish, obliquely curved, a black point in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ;
postmedial line blackish, minutely dentate, slightly bent outwards between veins
5 and 2, then retracted to below angle of cell; cilia fuscous with a fine pale line
at base. Hind wing pale glaucous-grey; a blackish discoidal spot; postmedial line
rather diffused, fuscous, slightly excurved and minutely waved between veins 5 and 2,
136 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
then retracted and oblique to inner margin above tornus ; cilia fuscous with a whitish
line at base.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 ¢ type. xp. 32 mm.
GLYPHODES UNIONALIS Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Pyr. f. 132 (1796).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ?.
GLYPHODES STOLALIS Guen. Delt. & Pyr. p. 293, pl. 3. f. 11 (1854).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 1 ¢.
GLYPHODES ANIFERALIS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 68.)
?. Head and thorax pale brownish-ochreous mixed with some fuscous and white ;
palpi whitish, the 2nd and 3rd joints fuscous at sides; legs whitish with slight
fuscous rings at extremities of tibie; abdomen pale brownish-ochreous mixed with
some fuscous and with slight white and black segmental rings on terminal half, the
ventral surface whitish. Fore wing pale brownish-ochreous, the costa whitish on
medial area; an oblique blackish subbasal line; antemedial line double, black filled in
with white, oblique; a medial white band defined by black at sides, not reaching
costa, enclosing a small round ochreous black-defined spot in upper part of cell,
narrowing below the cell and ending in a point above inner margin ; a narrow black-
defined white discoidal lunule; an oblique elliptical spot below end of cell with black
centre and white annulus defined by black; an oblique wedge-shaped postmedial
white patch from below costa to vein 2; subterminal line double, black filled in with
white, ending ina dentate white mark below costa with small white spot below it ;
a blackish mark before termen in discal fold; a fine black terminal line slightly
defined by whitish on inner side; cilia ochreous at base with fuscous medial line and
whitish tips. Hind wing pale brownish-ochreous suffused in parts with fuscous ;
a hyaline patch beyond end of cell, bent inwards below lower angle ; postmedial line
double, black filled in with white, slightly curved and bent outwards to tornus ; a fine
black terminal line with white band on its inner side and some fuscous suffusion before
it; cilia ochreous at base, with fuscous medial line and whitish tips.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1 2 type. Hap. 26 mm.
POLYTHLIPTA GUTTIFERALIS, sp. n. (Plate IV. fig. 69.)
?. Head and thorax ochreous tinged with brown, some white on patagia and
metathorax ; palpi fuscous-brown, white below; pectus and legs white, the fore tibie
with black band, the mid tibize black on inner side; abdomen white with dorsal
ochreous-brown stripe, serrate at sides and with white streak on it on basal segment.
Fore wing semihyaline-white, the costal area tinged with ochreous; the cell, sub-
median interspace to antemedial line, and base of inner margin brownish-ochreous,
GEORGE F. HAMPSON—-LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA. 137
with small round white spot in middle of cell, elliptical spot in end of cell, and
bidentate subbasal spot below the cell, all defined by black ; antemedial line blackish,
arising from median nervure, forming an oblique peninsula filled in with ochreous to
middle of inner margin, then retracted to near subbasal spot and ending at vein | ;
postmedial line double, brown filled in with pale ochreous, the outer line dentate
outwards, the inner inwards, arising at vein 7, oblique to vein 3 near termen, then
retracted, the inner line to lower angle of cell, both lines nearly erect from vein 3 to
inner margin ; an apical patch suffused with fuscous, its inner edge dentate; a some-
what dentate dark terminal line, enclosing some ochreous on termen between veins
3 and 2; cilia white, fuscous at apex. Hind wing hyaline-white, a dark oblique
discoidal striga; postmedial line double, brown, minutely dentate and filled in with
pale ochreous, angled outwards on vein 3 to near termen; blackish patches on termen
at apex, between vein 3 and submedian fold where it encloses whitish spots, and at
tornus.
Hab. Ueanna, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruweuzori, 7000 ft., 1 2 type; Br. E. Arrica,
Molo (A. J. Cholmley), 1 9. Exp. 44 mm.
POLYGRAMMODES PHYLLOPHILA Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) ii. p. 296 (1878).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 1 ?.
PACHYZANCLA BIPUNCTALIS Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii. 2, p. 227 (1794).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6600 ft., 1 ?.
VOL. xIx.—PartT 11. No. 18.— December, 1909. i
140
PLATE IV.
Fig. Fig.
1. Epitoxis albicincta, 3 \ 36.
a 2» Mo 104. Xo
3. Apisa metaretioides, S | 38.
4. Metarctia pulverea, 2 ) 389.
5. Diaerisia melanodisca, 3 10%, 40
Boh abe Nica iio 41
7. Agrotis eleopis, ? x 4.2
8. Hpisilia rhodopea, 3 | 43
9. Lycophotia leucoplaga, & AA,
10. Borolia pyrostrota, ? cP ue 45
ll 3, pheopasta, 3 46
12. Arboricornis chrysopepla, 3) 47
13. Ariathisa semiluna, S 48.
14. Calymnia ethiopica, ? hp. 107. 49
. Calamistis obliquifascia, 3
. Xylostola olivata, 2
. Tarache niphogona, 3 , p. 109.
. Hypoglaucitis polycyma, 2? , p. 111.
. Plusia cupreomicans, 2 112
. Leucoma atricosta, 3 §
5. Diota reticulata, 3, p. 117.
GEORGE F. HAMPSON —LEPIDOPTERA HETEROCERA.
. 108.
» aranea, 3
. Pleurona lepticyma, 2, p. 114.
. Parathermes nubilata, 3 3
. Acantholipes ochrotu, 3
. Catada pheopasta, S, p. 115.
. Apluda incincta, §, p. 182.
. Bleptina nephelopera, 3, p. 115.
. Hypena recurvata, 2, p. 116.
. Pseudometa castanea, &
. Taragama butiti, 3 lp 130.
Ah diplocyma, g
. Anadiasa leucocyma, 8, p. 131.
2. Remigia pectinata, 6, p. 110.
. Olapa melanocera, §
te:
. Stenostaura impedita, 3
. Osteodes pervittata,
. Macaria trizonaria, &
. Tephrina oleochroa, 8
Tetraphleps ruficeps, 3, p. 133.
Zana trifasciata, 3, p. 118.
Ramesa macrodonta, 8, p. 119.
Beralade strigifascia, 3, p. 132.
. Meturctia flaviciliata, 3, p. 104.
. Chrysopsyche leucostigma, , p. 131.
. Goodia oriens, 8, p. 129.
3. Euproctis melalepia, 3, p. 117.
‘s croceisticta, 3+, p. 116.
p- 120.
» atriclathrata, g, p. 121.
\ p. 122.
50. Zamarada chrysothyra, 3
Bile i pheozona, & lp 123
52. Hypocrosis glaucaria, & )* Nee
53. Bs maculifera, 3
54. Psilocerea stictigramma, 3 fo 124,
5D. oo craspigonia, 3
Oe: ee CET: re Nis. 195.
57. Xylopteryx prasinaria, 2 }
58. Terina chrysoptera, S
59. Nemoria brunneifrons, 3 ic 126.
60. Comibena biviaria, 3
61
. Glyphodes aniferalis, 9
. Polythlipta guttiferals, °
. Larentia heteromorpha, 3 198
1
on chiorostola, 3
. Cidaria thermochroa, 3, p. 129.
|. Marshalliana arcifera, 3, p. 133.
. Emmatheudes lentistrigalis, 8, p. 134.
. Pilocrocis patagialis, §
A laralis, 3 } pee
} p. 136.
Frans. Loot. Foc Vol, XIX Lt1V.
Horace Knight del.et lith. West, Newman chromo.
LEPIDOPTERA PHALAINA:.
bade
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
12. LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA.
By ¥. A. Heron.
Received and read November 17, 1908.
[Pate V.*|
Tue collection of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, consisting of about a thousand specimens
belonging to (roughly) 170 species, of which eight are new to science, was made by
the Hon. Gerald Legge and Mr. A. IF’. R. Wollaston.
The most abundant species, of which series of more than 20 examples were taken,
were Mycalesis matuta, Salamis anacardii nebulosa, Uranothauma delatorum, Castalius
margaritaceus, Cyclyrius equatorialis, Azanus natalensis, and Nychitona medusa.
The eight new species belong respectively to the genera Gnophodes, Acrwa, Charaxes,
‘ranothauma, Harpendyreus (Lycenide), Oxypalpus, Ceratrichia, and Chioneigia
(Hesperiide). In addition to these, five new varieties or subspecies are here described.
To the list of species collected by the Ruwenzori Expedition have been added the
species collected by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot in the same district, as well as a few taken
by Prof. E. A. Minchin, Mr. W. G. Doggett, Mr. F. J. Jackson, and Sir H. H. Johnston.
Nymphalidee. Species. Specimens.
LDGPUMG 6 6 6 6 6 0, 0 0 5 4.1
Satyrine . Ig) 114:
PACTELTICC Wh at nt a ae UO 95
INQTMOUIIO 0 6 36 9 0 0 6 BY) 280
Lemoniide.
Nemeobiine 1 1
JbnperseS 5) 5 6 oo eo 225
Pieridee:. \ hac mst pas OO 221
Papilionidee 9 43
IGGNTSICE 5 5 0 bb bo 6) eS 74:
178 1094:
* For explanation of the Plate, see p. 178.
VOL. XIX.—ParT 11. No. 19.—December, 1909. U
142 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family NYMPHALID 4.
Subfamily Danaina.
AMAURIS GROGANI.
Amauris grogani E. M. Sharpe, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) vin. p. 278 (1901).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 13.11. 06.
1 @. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 18-23. iv. 1895. (G. F. Scoté Elliot.)
(As Amauris albimaculata Butler, 2, P. Z.S. 1895, p. 722.)
AMAURIS ECHERIA JACKSONI.
Amauris jacksoni E. M. Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1891, p. 633, pl. xlviii. f. 2.
1 3. Between Kivata and Luimi, Ruwenzori. 7000-8000 ft. May or June 1905.
(G. F. Scott Elliot.) (As Amauris albimaculata Butler, 6, P. Z.8. 1895, p. 722.)
9 ¢ ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 7, 13.1. & 5.11. 06.
B&O. AS p 14.7. & 11.11. 06.
AMAURIS ELLIOTI.
Amauris ellioti Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6) xvi. p. 122 (1895).
1g. Ruwenzori, 5600 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
11 ¢ ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7.i., 5.i1., & 16, 17. 111. 06.
Danats (TIRUMALA) PETIVERANA.
Danais limniace var. petiverana Doubl. & Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. i. p. 93 (1847).
966,222. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 26.1., 5.11, & 1, 17. v. 06.
Danais (LiIMNAS) CHRYSIPPUS.
Papilio chrysippus Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 263 (1764).
forma CHRYSIPPUS.
4g 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 26.1. 06.
3 99. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25. iv. 06.
forma DORIPPUS.
Danais dorippus Klug, Symb. Phys. t. 48, text (1845).
229. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27. iv. 06.
forma ALCIPPUS.
Papilio alcippus Cram, Pap. Ex. ii. t. 127. ff. E, F (1779).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 25.1. 06.
1 ¢@. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 19.iv. 06.
jd
ee
[Shs
F, A. HERON—-LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA.
Subfamily SATYRIN.
GNoPHODES GROGANI. (Plate V. figs. 1, ¢; 2, 2.)
Gnophodes grogani i. M. Sharpe, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) vill. p. 279 (1901).
46 6. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 25.1. & 13. ii. 06.
2 22: 95 Ae 5. 11. 06.
Belongs to the section with the ¢ sex-tuft covering nearly two-thirds of the inter-
spaces between the submedian and second median branches of the fore-wing.
The female—hitherto unrecorded—is, except for the absence of the tuft, generally
like the male, but the ground-colour is a little paler, and, as is usual in the genus, the
transverse band on the upperside of the fore-wing is nearly twice the width of that in
the male.
GNOPHODES PARMENO. (Plate V. fig. 10.)
Gnophodes parmeno Doubl. & Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. pl. xi. f. 2 (1851).
1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
GNOPHODES MINCHINI, sp. n. (Plate V. fig. 3, 3 .*)
Expanse: 70 mm. at vein 8.
S¢.—Uppersipe. Fore-wing deep sepia-brown varying to tawny-olive, the colour
being lightened on the basal half by dense mouse-coloured hairs; the external margin
with a sprinkling of grey scales; the only marking consists of a curved ill-defined sub-
apical band of dull ochraceous-rufous scaling, extending from the costa (where it is
most pronounced) to the middle of the external margin. Hind-wing similar in
colouring to the fore-wing, but without ochraceous markings, and with a large elliptical
sex-patch of cream-white scales lying near the costa and normally hidden by the fore-
wing ; this patch is 11 mm. long, being three-quarters of the length of the cell.
Unpersipz. The markings closely similar to those of G. chelys Fab. (Plate V. fig. 8),
but the brown colouring is varied with a pinker hue than is usual in the genus.
Fore-wing as in G. chelys, but the sex-patch of cream-white scales is longer and does
not extend below vein 1. Hind-wing differs from that of G. chelys in that the curved
median line is more sinuous than zigzag and is less varied with pale blotches.
This species is further readily distinguishable from its closest ally, G. chelys, by the
following structural characters :—
Fore-wing more nearly approximating an equilateral triangle in shape, the costa
being proportionately shorter and the external margin proportionately longer; the
length of the cell is therefore relatively greater as compared with the wing-length ;
the angulation of the wing at vein 8 is more obtuse and the projection at 6 more
acuminate, while that at 3 is hardly noticeable. Vein 1 is strongly curved and
* For figure of fore-wing of Gnophodes diversa Butler, ¢, see Plate V. fig. 9.
144 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
subparallel with the internal margin, which forms a regular convex curve ; whereas in
G. chelys vein 1 is much straighter, while the internal margin is slightly sigmoid, that
is, with an S-like curvature ; finally, the lower discocellular is less incurved, so that
the lower distal angle of the cell is much less acute. Hind-wing with the angulation
at vein 3 less pronounced and the distal angle of the cell less acute.
Hab. Uganda.
266. Entebbe, Uganda. (Prof. #. A. Minchin.)
GNOPHODES MINCHINI, forma n. MAGNIPLAGA. (Plate V. fig. 4, 3.)
This remarkable form, of which a single specimen was taken in the Mubuku Valley,
E. Ruwenzori, on Feb. 13, 1906, at a height of 6000-13,000 feet, is conspicuous for
the great size of the sex-patches. That on the hind-wing approximately equals the
area of the cell (14x 5 mm.), and extends to an equal distance from the base, the colour
of the component scales being rather more creamy than in the typical form. The
patch above vein 1 on the underside of the fore-wing measures 13 mm. in length, and
is more acuminate externally than in G. minchint.
MELANITIS LEDA.
Papilio leda Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 474 (1758), ex parte.
466,192. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 30.1. & 20.11. 06.
Unocellate form.
13,429. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 30.iv. & 12. v.06.
Ocellate form.
1s. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 12. v.06.
Fulvescent form.
MYCALESIS DENTATA.
Mycalesis dentata E. M. Sharpe.
666,222. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 16, 24, 29.1. &
2, 5.11. 06.
1g. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
Mycaesis (MOoNOTRICHTIS) ANGULOSA.
Mycalesis angulosa Butler, Cat. Satyr. Brit. Mus. p. 130, t. 3. £. 8 (1868).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 9.1. 06.
2366. Mokia, S.E. Rauwenzori. 3000-5000 ft. 22. v. 06.
MYCALESIS SAFITZA.
Mycalesis safitza Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 394 note, t. 66. f. 3 (1851).
43646,2 9292. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 7, 9, 10. v. 06.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCHERA. 145
MYCALESIS VULGARIS ?
Mycalesis vulgaris Butler, Cat. Satyr. Brit. Mus. p. 180, pl. 3. f. 2 (1868).
26 3. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
1 @. Wasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot.)
MYCALESIS CAMPINA.
Mycalesis campina Aurivillius, Ent. Tidskr. xxii. p. 114 (1901).
1s. ,Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 10.v. 06.
2663. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv.06. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
(As Mycalesis technatis Hew. fide Butler, P. Z.S. 1895, p. 723.)
MYCALESIS SAGA.
Mycalesis saga Butler, Cat. Satyr. Brit. Mus. p. 130, t. 3. f. 1 (1868).
1g. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 19.v.06.
MYCALESIS MATUTA.
Mycalesis matuta Karsch, Ent. Nachr. xx. p. 228 (1894).
216¢6,3 29. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft. 31. xii. 05. 5000-
13,000 ft. 8, 25.1. & 16. iii. 06.
MYCALESIS SAUSSUREI.
Mycalesis saussurei Dewitz, Nov. Acta Ac. N. Cur. xli. (2) no. 2, p. 17, t. 1. £. 9 (1879).
1 @. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft. ix.1900. (Sir HZ. H. Johnston.)
MYCALESIS AURIVILLII.
Mycalesis aurivillii Butler, P. Z. 8S. 1895, p. 724.
5 g ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000—13,000 ft. 14.1. 06.
3 6 6. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
HENOTESIA PERSPICUA.
Mycalesis perspicua Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1873, p. 104, t. 1. f. 3.
666,12. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 5, 10, 12. v.06.
1 ¢. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft. ix.1900. (Sir H. H. Johnston.)
HENOTESIA sp.
2 specs. Kivata and Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
Two very worn specimens.
VOL. XIX.—PART I. No. 20.—Deceméer, 1909. x
146 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
NEOCENYRA GREGORII.
Neocenyra gregorit Butler, P. Z.S. 1894, p. 560, pl. xxxvi. f. 2.
1 ¢. Ruwenzori. 5600 ft. (G. FP. Scott Hiliot.)
1g. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. Ff. Scott Elliot.)
YPHTHIMA I'TONIA.
Yphthima ttonia Hew. Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, vol. ii. p. 287, pl. 18. f. 138 (1865).
486,192. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzor. 3500 ft. 17. v. 06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 24.11.06.
YPHTHIMA ALBIDA.
Ypthima albida Butler, P.Z.'S. 1888, p. 59.
8 ¢ 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 3, 9.1. 06.
1g. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. #. Scott Elliot).
1 ¢,1 2. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 138-23.ii. (G@. F Scott Elliot.)
1 3. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft. ix.1900. (Sir H. H. Johnston.)
YPHTHIMA SIMPLICIA.
Ypthima simplicia Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xvii. p. 481 (1876).
366,222. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16.iv. & 2, 10. v. 06.
A very large form: expanse of largest female, 42 mm.
Subfamily Acraina.
PLANEMA LATIFASCIATA.
Planema latifasciata E. M. Sharpe, P.Z.S. p. 635, pl. xlviii. f. 6 (1891).
266,922. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 30. xii. 05,
4.1. & 5. ii. 06.
ACRHA SOTIKENSIS.
Acrea sotikensis E. M. Sharpe, P. Z.S. 1891, p. 634, pl. xlvii. f. 1 (1891).
138 ¢ 6,2 29. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-16,000ft. 9, 17, 20.1. 06.
4-3. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv. (G. F. Scott Hiliot.)
ACRA ALICIA.
Acrea alicia E. M. Sharpe, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6) v. p. 442 (1890).
1 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
<j
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCHERA. 14
ACRAIA UVUI.
Acrea uvui Smith, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6) v. p. 168 (1890).
18 ¢ 6,12. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 31.x1.05; 138.1. &
dD. 11. 06.
1g. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
ACRAA VIVIANA.
Acrea viviana Staudinger, Iris, p. 204 (1896).
1 ¢@. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17. v.06.
ACRAA ACERATA, forma VINIDIA Hew.
Acrea acerata Hewitson, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xii. p. 881 (1874).
Acrea vinidia Hew. Ent. Mo. Mag. xi. p. 180 (1874).
1 6,1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 1, 14. v. 06.
ACRA&A TERPSICHORE.
Papilio terpsichore Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 466 (1758).
Papilio serena Fabr. Syst. Knt. p. 461 (1775).
266,12. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 22.v. & 16. vi. 06.
The males belong to the form described as A. rougetii Guérin, while the female is
inseparable from some examples of A. manjaca Boisd. from Madagascar.
ACRAA ENCEDON.
Papilio encedon Winn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, p. 488 (1758).
2 6 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 26.iv. & 5.v. 06.
2 9 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 20, 26.1. 06.
1s. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv. (G@. F. Scott Elliot.)
The typical form A. encedon Linn., the pale form A. lycia Fab., and the form
A, alcippina Aurivillius are all represented.
ACR&A ITURINA.
Acrea iturina Grose Smith, P. Z.S. 1890, p. 465.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 26.1. 06.
1g. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
AcR@A LYCOA.
Acrea lycoa Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 239 (1819).
1 2. Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
148 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
ACRHA TORUNA.
Acrea toruna Grose Smith, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 546 (1900).
1 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 15.1. 06.
13. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 138-23.iv. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
1¢. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
ACRA DISJUNCTA.
Acrea disjuncta Grose Smith, Nov. Zool. v. p. 351 (1898),
3 ¢ 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 24. 11. 06.
ACRAA ASBOLOPLINTHA.
Acrea asboloplintha Karsch, Ent. Nachr. xx. p. 223 (1894).
10 ¢ 6,12. Mubuku Valley, S.E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 31. xn. 05;
7, BGs ts OG.
Mokia, E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 24. v. 06.
1 ¢. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft. ix.1900. (Sir H. H. Johnston.)
ACRAA PELASGIUS.
Acrea pelasgius Grose Smith.
1g. Semliki Valley. 15. viii. 06.
ACRAA AMICITIA, sp.n, (Plate V. fig. 11, ¢.)
Expanse: 50-62 mm.
SrructurE.—Fore-wing slightly arched costally, the external margin being a little
concave and the internal nearly straight. The greatest breadth is about half the costal
length, and the external and internal margins are subequal, being about two-thirds of
the length of the costa. Hind-wing with the costal margin almost straight, the
external margin sub-semicircular to the tornus, whence the internal runs straight till
near the body, where it curves sharply to the base.
¢ .—UpprrsipE. Colour rosy-orange, deeper on the hind-wing and with black
markings; cilia black. Fore-wing with the costal margin black, except for a short
orange line at the base; the space between vein 11 and the costal nervure orange
dusted with black ; the apical area, beyond the line formed by vein 3 and the end of
the cell, black, with a small subquadrate orange patch between veins 3 and 4, anda
semitransparent subapical band formed of 5 contiguous spots lying between veins 4
and 11; of these spots those between vein 4 and the stalk of veins 7-9 are large,
more or less transparent, and dusted with orange scales, while those between the stalk
and vein 11 are small, elongate, and ill-defined markings of orange scales; the inner
margin has a broad border of black scaling, which extends a little beyond vein 1,
especially near the base; the external border below vein 3 is also broadly black, which
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 149
colour extends inwards along vein 2; this border is marked throughout with narrow
orange streaks between the veins, those between 2 and 4 being most distinct and
uniting with the discal orange markings, while the apical streaks are more or less
evanescent ; beyond the middle of the cell is a large subquadrate black patch, and the
proximal corner of space 2 is filled in with a large triangular black patch, which is
continued from its lower angle as a transverse bar across space 1 in a direction parallel
to the external margin. Hind-wing with an angulated double row of black spots at
about one-third from the base, but with most of the spots obscured by two suffusions
of black scales radiating from the base ; the upper of these occupies the base of space 8,
the lower extends longitudinally for about three-fourths of the cell-length and trans-
versely from the lower part of the cell to the inner margin; the hind border may be
described either as orange with short black streaks on the veins, which tend to fuse
together internally so as to form a broad, more or less continuous, black submarginal
band; or the border may be described as broadly black, with rounded orange spots
between the veins.
Unversipe. Fore-wing with the upperside markings showing through, but with the
dark orange replaced by flesh-pink, and with a distinct double black spot at the end
of the cell; the borders of the wings greyish, the external border with pale orange
inter-nervular streaks. Hind-wing generally pale pinkish, darker between the discal
rows of spots, bluish-grey externally, and with pale orange triangular inter-nervular
patches, the veins narrowly darkened distally ; the double row of black spots shows
up very clearly, being bent at nght angles between veins 5 and 6; the spots occur as
follows: one in space 1a; two in 14; two in 1 ¢, the outer one being V-shaped; one
in the inner angle of space 2; two larger ones in the apical part of the cell; two in
space 5; one in 6; and two larger ones in 7.
The head, thorax, and legs dorsally black, with the usual yellow spots. The
abdomen black, the segments having their posterior margins and a rounded spot on
each side pale yellow; the ventral surface yellow, with a dark median stripe. Palpi
ochraceous, with stiff black hairs. Antenne black, a little less than half the length
of the costa, the ovate flattened club being one-sixth the length of the shaft.
Hab. K. Ruwenzori.
11 ¢ 6. Mubuku Valley, K. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 24. ii. & 16, 17. iii. 06.
The banding of the hind-wings recalls that of A. baxteri Sharpe (of which only
females have been seen by me), but the angulation of the hind-wing band is at
interspace 3 in A. baxteri and 5 in A. amicitie. In both species the distribution of
the red and the black at internal margin of the hind-wing is similar, and the shape
of the fore-wing is what might be expected in forms of different sexes.
150 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Subfamily NyMpHALn a,
ARGYNNIS EXCELSIOR.
Argynnis excelsior Butler, P. Z. 8S. 1895, p. 729, pl. xlu. f. 4.
866,322. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-15,000 ft. 16, 24.1. &
12, ¢ 6 and @ 2. Ruwenzori. 5600-9000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
H{YPOLIMNAS SALMACIS PLATYDEMA.
Papilio salmacis Drury, Ill. Ex. Ins. 1. p. 14, t. 8. ff. 1, 2 (1778).
Hypolimnas salmacis platydema Rothschild & Jordan, Nov. Zool. x. p. 524 (1907).
13. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17. iv. 06.
HYPOLIMNAS ANTHEDON.
Diadema anthedon Doubleday, Ann. & Mag. N. H. xvi. p. 181 (1845).
1 ¢@. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 6.1. 06.
H{YPOLIMNAS MISIPPUS.
Papilio misippus Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 264 (1764).
6 ¢ 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17. iv. 06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 29.1. 06.
VANESSULA MILCA BUCHNERI.
Liptena milca Hewitson, Ex. Butt. v. Pentila & Liptena, pl. i. f. 17, text (1893).
Vanessula buchneri Dewitz, Ent. Nachr. xiii. p. 145, figs. (1887).
1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27. vi. 06.
ANTANARTIA SCH@NEIA.
Eurema scheneia Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1879, p. 329.
8 ¢6,1¢@. KE. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 7. 11. 06.
2¢<¢. Ruwenzori. 9000 ft. (G. PF. Scott Elliot.)
ANTANARTIA HIPPOMENE.
Hypanartia hippomene Hiibner, Samm. ex. Schmett. i. p. 25, ff. 3, 4 (1806).
666,222. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 28.1. to 3. i. 06.
366,222. Ruwenzori. 6000-9000 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot.)
ANTANARTIA ABYSSINICA.
Pyrameis abyssinica Felder, Reise der Novara, Lep. ili. p. 897 (1867).
8 ¢ 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 3, 5. 11. 06.
466,12. Ruwenzori. 5000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Hilt.)
F, A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCEBA.
CATACROPTERA CLOANTHE.
Papilio cloanthe Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 93, t. 338. ff. A, B (1781).
11 ¢ 6,29 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 5500 ft. 19, 28. iv. & 2, 4. v. 06.
PRECIS GENONE.
Papilio enone Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. pp. 274, 275 (1764).
Papilio clelia Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 33, t. 21. ff. E, F (1775).
11 ¢ 6,229. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25, 29, 30. iv. & 2. v. 06.
PRECIS HIERTA CEBRENE.
Papilio hierta Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 424 (1798).
Junonia cebrene Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1870, p. 353.
486,292. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17, 26.iv. & 2, 7. y. 06.
PRECIS SOPHIA INFRACTA.
Papilio sophia Fabricius, Ent. Syst. 3, i. p. 248 (1793).
Junonia infracta Butler, P.Z. 8. 1888, p. 63.
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 1. v. 06.
1g. Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
1s. Ruwenzori. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
PRECIS TEREA.
Papilio terea Drury, Ill. Ex. Ins. i. p. 32, t. 18. ff. 3, 4 (1773).
9 $636,192. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 2, 14. v.06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 23. 111. 06.
PRECIS PELARGA.
Papilio pelarga Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 513 (1775).
1s. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 13,000-16,000 ft. 13. 1. 06.
A wet-season form.
PRECIS MILONIA.
Precis milonia Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. p. 403 (1867).
1 @. Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
PRECIS ANTILOPE.
Salamis antilope Feisthamel, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (2) viii. p. 250 (1850).
Precis simia Wallengren, Rhop. Caffr. p. 26 (1857).
236. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 30. iv. & 5. v. 06.
‘The specimens belong to the wet-season form, P. simia.
1152, ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PRECIS OCTAVIA SESAMUS.
Papilio octavia Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 60, t. 135. ff. B, C (1777).
Precis sesamus Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1883, p. 347.
16,192. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 26.iv. & 5. v. 06.
The specimens belong to the wet-season form P. natalensis Staudinger (Ex. Schmett.
p. LOT, 1885):
PRECIS TUGELA PYRIFORMIS.
Precis tugela Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1879, p. 334.
Junonia pyriformis Butler, P. Z. 8S. 1895, p. 726.
866,229. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 25. xil. 05;
) tet, Se IG. sit, Oo:
4g 6. Ruwenzori. 5000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
PRECIS STYGIA GREGORII.
Precis stygia Aurivillius, Ent. Tidskr. xv. p. 275 (1894).
Junonia gregorit Butler, P.Z. 8. 1895, p. 726.
19. Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
1s. Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
PRECIS CHORIMENE.
Vanessa chorimene Guérin, Icon. Régne Anim., Ins. texte, p. 476 (1844).
12 66,422. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 30.iv. & 4. v. 06.
Both the wet- and the dry-season phases are represented in the series taken.
SALAMIS PARHASSUS ZTHIOPS.
Papilio ethiops Palisot de Beauvais, Ins. Afr. Amér. p. 22, f. 3 (1805).
13,192. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 13,000-16,000 ft.
SALAMIS ANACARDII NEBULOSA,
Salamis nebulosa Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 441.
19 36,3 22. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 15-24. v. 06.
PSEUDARGYNNIS HEGEMONE NYASSA.
Argynnis hegemone Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 258 (1819).
Pseudargynnis hegemone ssp. nyasse Bartel, Nov. Zool. xii. p. 188 (1905).
4 366,192. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft, 4.1. & 23.111. 06.
1°. Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. Between 13 & 23.iv. (G. Ff. Scott Elliot.)
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 155
CaTUNA ANGUSTATUM.
Euomma angustatum Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. iii. p. 425 (1867).
1 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
ATERICA GALENE EXTENSA, subsp. n.
Papilio galene Brown, New Ul. of Zool. p. 94, t. 87 (1776).
13 66,2992. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16, 17. vii. 06.
These specimens seem to belong to a local form, differing constantly from the West-
African form (Gambia-Calabar) in having larger spots on the fore-wing (above) and
a larger, more oblong than wedge-shaped, patch on the hind-wing. The latter
character is also found in a male from the Congo in the Bates Collection.
In the females the fore-wing does not differ from that of the typical West-African
form, but the hind-wing discal patch of cream-white, cream, or pale ochreous-yellow
is, like that of the male, more oblong in shape. The suffusion beyond the disc to the
margin has darker streaks in the interspaces between the veins, as in the Angolese-
Congo form, but both from this and from the Gaboon form the Ruwenzori specimens
are readily separable by the smaller size of the spots on the fore-wing.
HIiARMA THEOBENE.
Harma theobene Doubl. Hew. Gen. Diurn. Lep. t. 40. f. 3 (1850).
1g. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
NEPTIS SACLAVA MARPESSA.
Neptis marpessa Hopfter, Ber. Verh. Ak. Berlin, 1855, p. 640.
11 ¢ 6,12. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20.iv. & 7, 18.v. 06.
12. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 23.1. 06.
NEPTIS AGATHA.
Papilio agatha Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. t. 327. ff. A, B (1782).
1¢,1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 18, 19. v.06.
4g 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 17.1. & 28. ii1. 06.
Ruwenzori. 5600 ft. (G. £. Scott Elliot.)
NEPTIDOPSIS OPHIONE VELLEDA.
Papilio ophione Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 27, t. 114. ff. E, F (1777).
Eurytela velleda Mabille, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) x. p. 19 (1890).
366,12. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 65000-13,000 ft. 13. ii. & 16. iii. 06.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT 11. No. 21.—December, 1909. x
104 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
EURYTELA DRYOPE ANGULATA.
Papilio dryope Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 125, t. 78. ff. E, F (1775).
Eurytela dryope var. angulata Aurivillius, Rhop. Auth. p. 154 (1899).
5 ¢ 6,299. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 1-22. v. 06.
ERGOLIS ENOTREA.
Papilio enotrea Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 73, t. 236. ff. A, B (1779).
266,299. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 29.iv. & 17. v.06.
1 3. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
1 ¢@. Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
ERGOLIS PAGENSTECKERI. (Plate V. fig. 6, 3.)
Ergolis pagensteckeri Suftert, Iris, xvii. p. 125 (1904).
1s. Entebbe, Uganda. 3.v.95. (f£. J. Jackson.)
1g. Entebbe, Uganda. 11. xi1.95. (f. J. Jackson.)
13s. Mulema, Uganda. v.03. (W. G. Doggett.)
12. Mulema, Uganda. v.03. (W. G. Doggett.)
1 3g. Wivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
forma n. AURANTIACA. (Plate V. fig. 5, 3.)
463. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 6.1. & 17, iii. 06.
13s. Ruwenzori. (G. F. Scott Hiliot.)
ZS Shwe LOLOn a NG viru OOM (Se Lene) JOhnstoms)
This variety differs from the typical form in the following respects :—
Uppersipe. The ground-colour is paler and more luteous, while the transverse rows
of elongate spots and lunules are orange-ochraceous (instead of chestnut), those nearer
the base being darker and the external rows considerably paler, especially in the fore-
wing ; these markings are outlined, as usual, with olive-brown edgings, which make
them stand out very conspicuously on the paler ground-colour. The marginal band is
still chestnut on the fore-wings, but more orange on the hind-wings.
Unpersibe. The chestnut bands are slightly reduced in width and stand out clearly
from the light yellow-grey ground.
Transitional forms exist in which the basal bands in the cell of the fore-wing
are coloured mesially with redder scales (even in the typical form a few more
warmly coloured scales are traceable) and show indications of the narrow discal
band which, with its thin orange lunules, is such a conspicuous feature in
i. aurantiaca.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 155
ByBLIA ANVATARA ACHELOIA.
Hypanis anvatara Boisd. Fauna Madag. p. 56, t. 7. £. 5 (1833).
Hypanis acheloia Wallengren, Rhop. Caff. p. 29 (1857).
736,422. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25.iv. to 22. v. 06.
1s. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 15. ii. 06.
All the specimens belong to the wet-season form.
CHARAXES EUPALE DILUTUS.
Papilio eupale Drury, Ill. Ex. Ins. iii. p. 7, t. 6. f. 3 (1782).
Charaxes eupalus dilutus Rothschild & Jordan, Noy. Zool. v. p. 97 (1898).
ig. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 25.1. 06.
CHARAXES CANDIOPE var. VIRIDICOSTATUS.
Nymphalis candiope Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 353 (1823).
Charazes viridicostatus Aurivillius, Ofvers. Vet.-Ak. Forh. xxxvi. 7, p. 41 (1879).
2386. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-15,000 ft. 3, 5.11. 06.
CHARAXES FULVESCENS MONIT R.
Charazes fulvescens Aurivillius, Ent. Tidskr. xi. p. 216 (1891).
Charaxes fulvescens monitor Rothschild & Jordan, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 861 (1900).
3.6 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 16.1. & 2. i. 06.
8 6 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20. v.06.
CHARAXES EPIJASIUS.
Charaves epijasius Reiche, in Ferret & Galin. Voy. Abyss. Ent. p. 469, t. 32. ff. 1, 2 (1849).
forma TYPICA.
1 $3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 5.v. 06.
Var.
1g. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 26. v. 06.
This is a variety with the pale blue on the hind-wing reduced to a few small spots.
It corresponds to C. harrisoni E. M. Sharpe, which is a variety of Charaxes saturnus.
CHARAXES ETHEOCLES.
Papilio etheocles Cramer, Pap. Ex. i1. p. 34, t. 119. ff. D, E (1777).
forma KIRKIL.
Charazes kirkii Butler, Ent. Mo. Mag. p. 145 (1881).
3.66. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 5. v.06.
156 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
CHARAXES OPINATUS, sp. n. (Plate V. fig. 7, 3.)
Expanse 78 mm. o¢.
Above the species has the appearance of a member of the C. ethalion group, and
below resembles some ally of C. anticlea, thus apparently forming a link between these
two divergent groups.
In wing-shape hardly differing from the same sex of C. ethalion, except that the
tornus of the fore-wings is a little less acute, while the hind-wings are rather more
produced and the tail at vein 4 is a third longer than that at 2, which latter is about
the usual ethalion length, though in that species the proportionate length of the tails is
reversed.
UpprersipDE. Head, body, and wings seal-brown, the wing-border narrowly black;
cilia white on hind wings and interrupted with black at veins on fore-wing. ore-
wing uniform seal-brown. Hind-wing with a submarginal band about 1:5 mm. wide,
which is of an ochraceous rufous-brown colour, except at the tornus, where are a few
gallstone-yellow scales; the submarginal spots, of the usual ethalion shape, are grey-
blue scaled with white centres, the white colour disappearing in the more costalward
spots. A narrow (1 mm.) post-discal macular band of tawny brown to dull brown
from vein 7 to 16, subparallel to the external margin.
UnvbersiDE. The markings in yellowish and olivaceous greys suggest the brown to
light red ones of anticlea 3, but on the fore-wing the discal band is proportionately
wider, more expanded costalwards, straighter externally, and more broken internally ;
the fine sinuate line which bounds externally the next patch of the ground-colour is,
from vein 1 to the costal margin, closer to the discal band, which thus exceeds the
width of the ground-colour band, except near the costa. On the hind-wings the space
outside this sinuate line is olivaceous green, with a faint line of demarcation from the
band of purple-grey ground-colour which adjoins it externally ; the outer border is
gallstone-yellow, becoming more rufous towards the costa. ‘The dark linear mark
internally delimitating the lunules of purple and grey scales, and the marginal line
of hind wings, black.
The underside of the palpi and breast, and the tarsi of the fore legs, pale Naples
yellow. Underside of the thorax and abdomen, and the tibiz and tarsi of the mid and
hind legs, of the same grey shade as the underside of the wings.
Hab. Ki. Ruwenzori.
3.6 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 3.11. & 8. iii. 06.
Family LEMONIID&.
ABISARA GERYON.
Abisara geryon Staudinger, Ex. Schmett. p. 239, t. 88 (1887-88).
1g. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
F, A. HERON:
Family Lyc a@nip a.
PSEUDERESIA DESPECTA.
Pseuderesia despecta Holland, Psyche, v. p. 426 (1890).
1s. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
TINGRA CLARENSIS.
Pentila clarensis Neave, Ent. Mag. xxxix. p. 136 (1903).
736,12. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 29.iv.06.
MEGALOPALPUS SIMPLEX.
Megalopalpus simplex Rober, Iris, p. 51, t. 4. f. 4, 2 (1886).
1g. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 13. ii. 06.
LACHNOCNEMA D’URBANI.
Lachnocnema @urbani Trimen, 8. African Butt. ii. p. 236 (1887).
1¢g,1¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16.iv. & 18. vi. 06.
VIRACHOLA ANTALUS.
Dipsas antalus Hopffer, Ber. Verh. Ak. Berl. 1855, p. 641.
1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
HYPoLycana PACHALICA.
Hypolycena (Tatura) pachalica Butler, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 69.
364,622. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 26.iv. & 4, 17, 25. v. 06.
HYPOLYCHINA PHILIPPUS. —
Papilio philippus Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. 1, p. 283 (1798).
1 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
HYPoLyc@NA JACKSON.
Hypolycena jacksoni Bethune-Baker, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. p. 107 (1906).
266. Mubuku Valley, S.E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 5. ii. & 7. iii. 06.
AXIOCERSES HARPAX.
Papilio harpax Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 829 (1775).
1¢6,1¢2. Mokia,$.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 14, 24. v.00.
LyC@NESTHES AMARAH.
Polyommatus amarah Guérin, Lefeb. Voy. Abyss. vi. p. 884, t. 11. ff. 5, 6 (1847).
734,322. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27, 30.iv. & 4. v.06.
LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA.
16
158 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
LYCAHNESTHES LARYDAS.
Papilio larydas Cramer, Pap. Ex. iil. p. 160, t. 282. f. H (1780).
1 o¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17. v. 06.
LYC&NESTHES SCINTILLULA.
Lycenesthes scintillula Holland, Psyche, vi. p. 50 (1891).
13. Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
LYCANESTHES CRAWSHAYI.
Lycenesthes crawshayi Butler.
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25. iv. 06.
LyCA@NESTHES LEMNOS.
Lycenesthes lemnos Hewitson, Yl. Diurn. Lep. p. 221, t. 90. ff. 13, 14 (1878).
436¢6,22 92. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20.iv. & 4, 7. v. 06.
26. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 9.11. 06.
LyYCNESTHES HOBLEYI.
Lycenesthes hobleyi Neave, Nov. Zool. xi. p. 339 (1904).
26 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. 3, 8.11. 06.
LYCAHNESTHES OTACILIA.
Lycenesthes otacilia Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1868, p. 90.
566,12. Mokia, S.B. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 30.iv. & 4. v. 06.
PHLYARIA CYARA.
Lycena cyara Hewitson, Ex. Butt. v. Lycena, pl. 1. ff. 9, 10 (1876).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 23.111. 06.
HARPENDYREUS, gen. n.
Tore-wing: greatest breadth about two-thirds of the length; cell half as long as the
wing, the discocellular veins (the lower and middle only being present) nearly in a
straight line and almost at right angles to the costa; vein 12 about as long as the cell ;
vein 11, which is well separated from 12, arises at about two-thirds from the base of
the cell, and 10 about halfway between that and the end of the cell, where 6 and the
stalk of 8 and 9 arise together; 8 finishes before apex, and 9 arises a little nearer
apex than cell; 5 a little nearer 4 than 6; 2 at the same distance from the base
as 11; and 3 one-third the distance between 2 and 4.
Hind-wing: greatest breadth nearly three-quarters of the length; the cell has the
upper border slightly arched and in the same line as 6; 7 arises about one-sixth from
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 159
the end of the cell; 5 a little nearer 6 than 4; the upper discocellular nearly straight,
inclined inwards, the lower slightly convex inwardly ; together they are about equal
to half the cell-length, which is a little more than half the wing; 3 and 4 arising
together at the lower corner of the cell; and 2 at about two-thirds from the base of
the cell.
Antennal club more gradual than in Uranothauwma, and about one-sixth of the total
antennal length.
The subporrect palpi clothed with projecting hairs, which are about half the length
of the second joint; the third joint also hairy.
The fore tarsi with an apical spine in the male and with a claw in the female.
No sex-mark present in the type species.
ibove, the appearance of this species suggests a Scolitantides, while the underside
recalls the markings of the Uranothauma group, especially of U. antinorii. Following
the classification of Aurivillius, it would be assigned to Cupido in the section Cacyreus
Butler (proposed to replace the preoccupied Hyreus Hubner), on the strength of the
underside marking and the freedom of vein 11 of the fore-wing from vein 12; but
the shape of the hind-wings, with the costa arched in both sexes (instead of being
somewhat sigmoid as in the males of Cacyreus), the entire absence of a tail in both
sexes, the very much greater separation of veins 11 and 12 in the fore-wing, and the
rather more irregularly cuneiform shape of the hind-wing cell—extending about half
the length of the wings, with a slightly inward inclination of the discocellulars
costally,—seem points sufficient to give at least subgeneric value ; and preferring to
treat it as generic, I propose the name Harpendyreus for the form under discussion.
HARPENDYREUS REGINALDI, sp. n. (Plate V. figs. 23, 24, g ; 25, 26, 2.)
Greatest wing-expanse: ¢ 30mm., 9 32mm. Antenne 8 mm.
StructurE.—Vore-wing : in both sexes the costa is slightly arched; the apex evenly
rounded, the costa making more than two-thirds of a right angle with the external
margin, which is but slightly convex; the tornus bluntly rounded and the interior
margin nearly straight. /ind-wing: in the male the costa is well arched, thie external
margin convex, and the internal margin forming a flattened curve, less arched than
the costal. The @ similar, but the costa a little less arched; at vein | a slight non-
caudate projection, the tornus evenly rounded, and the internal margin slightly sinuate
distally.
¢ —Uppersipe. More-wing: dull blue (much discoloured, probably with a violet
gloss), the costal margin with a narrow edging of dark brown, the external margin
with a broad well-defined border of dark brown (2 mm. wide), the cilia white with
brown patches at the veins. Hind-wing: with the outer brown border much broader
than in the fore-wing, ill-defined internally and partly suffused with lighter cinnamon
scaling; between veins | and 2 is a black ocellus, which is scaled with blue-white
externally and bounded inwardly by a partial ring of almost tawny scales.
160 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Unpersipe. Cream-white, with sepia-brown markings. ore-wing: a russet-browu
powdering of scales partially obscures all but the outer third of the wing, and the
basal markings appear indistinctly as merely a darker shade of the same russet-colour ;
in the cell a bar about 1 mm. wide, with lighter borders, with its dorsal corner at the
origin of vein 2; at the end of the cell a similar bar, traversed by the discocellulars,
and having lighter inner and outer edges. Above each of these, at the costal border,
a small dark spot, the outer really a very much inwardly displaced member of the
discal band; beyond these, one-third from the external margin and parallel with it,
a transverse curved row of roughly-reniform spots between the veins; owing to the
limits of the interspaces the spots are longest antero-posteriorly towards the internal
margin, and the lowest one is rather oblique. About 1:5 mm. from the external
margin a row of six lunulate spots, the lowest much displaced inwardly; between
these spots and the margin, with their convex side fitting into the concavity of those
of the inner row, are six elongate subsemicircular markings. ‘The border is narrowly
outlined with dark sepia. Hind-wing: the two external rows of spots are similar to
those in the fore-wing, save that the outer spot in interspace | is replaced by a black
ocellus pupilled with silvery-blue scales ; but the transverse band of subreniform spots
from the costal to the inner margin almost forms a zigzag, the fourth spot from the
costa being the most distal. The basal spots show the general arrangement common
in Uranothauma; a spot at the end of the cell, and, basal to this, three irregular
rows of spots, some with internal pale scaling, the costal spot of the outer row being
much larger than the others and reniform in shape.
2 .—Uppmrsipe. The poor condition of the specimen makes the true coloration of the
female rather a matter of conjecture; the cilia are a good deal damaged, but appear
to be uniformly brown. ore-wing: violet scales can be traced on the basal half and
behind the middle of the cell; the external dark border is a little broader than that
of the male and less sharply defined; while there is an additional dark transverse band
(representing the discal row of spots beneath), separated from the border by an
indistinct narrow paler band. Hind-wing: no violet scales can be traced with certainty
on the darkened basal area; the indistinct pale submarginal band of the fore-wing is
continued from the costa to vein 2; and the black ocellus lacks the inner edging of
tawny scales.
Unpersipe. The markings generally similar to those of the male, but the ground-
colour distinctly more grey. ore-wing: the discal row of spots is more consolidated
than in the male, being also straighter near the costa and with the lowest spot not
oblique.
The thorax and abdomen dull blue, with a few browner scales above ; below lighter,
more grey.
Hab. Ki. Ruwenzori.
13,12. Mubuku Valley, H. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 7, 14. ii. 06.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 16]
URANOTHAUMA NUBIFER.
Lycena nubifer Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1895, p. 187, pl. v. ff. 4, 4a.
1 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-15,000 ft. 28.1. 06.
URANOTHAUMA DELATORUM, sp.n. (Plate V. figs. 21, ¢ ; 22, 2.)
Hyreus falkensteinti Butler (nee Dewitz), P. Z. S. 1895, p. 733.
Wing-expanse: ¢ 52-35 mm., ° 30-32 mm.
Very closely allied to U. falkensteinii Dewitz.
Strucrure.—Vore-wing with the costa very slightly curved, the internal margin
straight and about four-fifths of the length of the costa, the external margin slightly
convex outwardly. In some specimens veins 12 and 11 nearly touch one another, in
others they anastomose; in the male vein 6 arises from 7 beyond the end of the
cell, thus shortening the sex-streak in space 6, while in the female 6 arises at the end
of the cell. Hind-wing about equal in length to the internal margin of the fore-wing,
the costal margin slightly sigmoid, the external margin convex, and the anal angle
distinctly produced ; the general shape being the same as in U. cordatus E. M. Sharpe ;
the tail on vein 2 is much longer and thicker than that of U. falkensteinit.
3g .—Uppersipe. Dark cinnamon-brown, darker towards the external margin and
with a general purple gloss. Fore-wing with the sex-streaks appearing as internervular
blackish lines, the cilia broadly chequered with dark brown and white. Hind-wing
with the costal and internal borders sepia-brown and lacking the purple gloss, and
there are usually a few metallic blue-green scales at the anal angle, and again just
above the tail; cilia dirty white, narrowly interrupted with brown on the veins.
Unversibe. ore-wing: ground-colour varied from light sienna-brown at base to
a cloudy light sepia-brown distally, being greyish white in the median area. ‘The
markings are sepia-brown edged with creamy white: at base of the discoidal cell a
small dark triangular patch ; beyond this a bar at the origin of vein 2, reaching to the
costa, and another on the discocellular veins; a post-median band starts from the
costa, where it is very broad, and continues towards the tornus as far as vein 2,
becoming gradually narrower and less distinct; the lateral edges of this band are more
or less sinuate, and its costal edge is interrupted by a small white spot; between this
band and the discocellular bar there is a small dark spot on the costa; midway
between the discocellular and post-median bands lies an oblong transverse spot in
space 2, with a similar one adjoining it in space I, this latter being sometimes absent.
In U. nubifer the spot in space 2 is always more or less attached to the post-median
band, in U. delatorum never. Hind-wing: ground-colour lustrous creamy white.
The markings are of the darkest shade of sepia-brown and comprise a roughly triangular
basal marking extending halfway along the inner margin, the apex being a little
beyond the origin of vein 2, where it touches the discal band, which extends from the
VOL. XIX.—PART 11. No. 22.—December, 1909. a
162 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
costa to the internal margin. ‘The spots in spaces 7 and 6 form roughly a biconcave
vertical bar; that in space 5 is much longer than the one in 6 and extends nearer the
outer margin, but its inner half is broadly interrupted by a large white spot; the spot
in space 4 is much the longest of the series, its base being on the discocellular and
its point extending much beyond that in space 5, its posterior side being almost twice
the length of its costal; that in space 5 is a mere triangle reaching distally to the
level of the spot in space 5; in space 2 is again another triangular spot extending
externally to the level of that in 6; in space 16 an oblong spot, a little outwardly
displaced, its outside edge on a level with that in space 3; about one-third from the
base of the costa is a small triangular patch, having its base on the costa and its apex
about the middle of space 7. There is a thin marginal line, and on either side of the
base of the tail is a large black spot scaled with metallic green outwardly. Beyond
the discal band there extends, from the costa to the inner margin, a broken sepia
shade, reaching its maximum width of about a quarter of the wing-breadth in spaces
2 and 3 (where, in some cases, it even extends inwards to the discal band), thence
becoming much narrower and more faint towards the costa.
@.—UpprrsipE. Much paler than in the ¢ and with a much more restricted
pinkish-violet gloss. Fore-wing blackish at the base, with a broad ill-defined dark
brown border on the external margin and the following dark brown markings: a large
subquadrate spot at the end of the cell; a broad curved subapical band, broadest on
the costa and gradually narrowing to a point on vein 3 ; midway between and behind
these markings is an elongate transverse patch between veins 3 andl. Hind-wing
with the pinkish gloss less evident; the metallic spots near the tail more distinct
than in the male.
UnpersipE. As in the male.
The antenne blunt with fine white rings at the joints and creamy scales at the base
of the underside of the club. Head with palpi, thorax, abdomen, and legs black
above, dull cream below, except the third joint of the palpi, which is black.
Hab. K. and 8.E. Ruwenzori.
1¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 39500 ft. 20.v. 06.
206 6,222. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 5000-15,000 ft. 16, 23,28.1.&
8. 1. 06.
Ruwenzori. 5600 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
At first sight the warm-flushed coppery colour of the upperside and the internervular
and intracellular distribution of the sex-streaks of the male give a deceptive resem-
blance to the same sex of U. falkensteinii Dewitz (Plate V. figs. 19, ¢ ; 20, 2 ), and the
colouring of the under surface is similar in both. But the wing-shape is that of
U. nubifer, and differs from that of U. falkensteinii in that the fore-wing is more acute
at the apex, the outer margin being straighter and the inner margin longer, while the
hind-wing las a slightly sigmoid costa and is more produced at the anal angle, and
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 163
the tail is broader and double the length of that of U. falkensteinii. The solitary
female of U. falkensteinii in the Museum is from Lagos, and suggests a very white
form of the genus Azanus, while the female of U. delatorum presents merely a paler
tint of the colouring of its male.
In the typical section of the genus Uranothauma the male sex-mark is a discal
subtriangular mass of raised black scales extending from vein 7 nearly to vein 2 of the
fore-wing, as in U. crawshayi, U. cordatus, and U. nubifer. There is no sex-mark at
all in U. antinorii ; while in U. pogget, pelotus, artemenes, falkensteinit, and delatorum
the sex-mark consists of internervular and intracellular streaks from vein 7 to vein 1,
except that in U. poggei there are no streaks in the cell. In JU. delatorwm these
linear raised streaks of black scales, which are thicker basally, occur in the spaces 6-1 ;
one to each space, except in 1, in which there are two streaks, extending almost from
the margin to the base, and indicating the probability that this cell has been produced
by the fusion of two cells. The streaks in 4 and 5 are continued across the discocellulars
almost to the base of the discoidal cell.
CACYREUS PALEMON.
Papilio palemon Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 209, t. 390. ff. E, F (1782).
163636, 22 92. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 25. xi. 05;
Web tig, Bs Wes Ce Te mini, OG,
Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv. (G. F. Scoté Elliot.)
CACYREUS LINGEUS.
Papilio lingeus Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 176, t. 379. ff. F, G (1781).
13. Semliki Valley. 10. vii. 06.
1 $6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 29.iv. & 4. v.06.
266,12. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 9, 17.7. 06.
CASTALIUS MARGARITACEUS.
Castalius margaritaceus E. M. Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1891, p. 636, t. 48. f. 3
22 6 6,1 2. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 1-16 iii. 06.
Ruwenzori. 5000-6000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
CASTALIUS ISIS.
Papilio isis Drury, Ill. Exot. Ins. ii. p. 6. t. 3. ff. 4, 5 (1778).
26 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 06.
Semliki Valley. 10. viii. 06.
164 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SYNTARUCUS TELICANUS forma PLINIUS.
Papilio telicanus Lang. Verz. p. 47 (1789).
Papilio plinius Fabricius, Ent. Syst. 3, i. p. 284 (1793).
266. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25. v. 06.
4366, 229. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 25. xii. 05;
Be the SS AUG, aul, OG.
CYCLYRIUS AQUATORIALIS.
Lycena equatorialis . M. Sharpe, P. Z. 8. 1891, p. 637, pl. xlvin. £. 5.
31g 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 30. xii. 05; 8.11. &
I, fe aos OO,
Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
POLYOMMATUS BATICUS.
Papilio beticus Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, p. 789 (1767).
966,322. Mubuku, Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 4.1. 5.i1., &
16.111. 06.
Ruwenzori. 5600 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
CATOCHRYSOPS MALATHANA.
Lycena malathana Boisduval, Fauna Madag. p. 25 (1833).
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 5. v. 06.
AZANUS NATALENSIS.
Lycena natalensis Trimen, 8. Afr. Butt. 11. p. 77 (1887).
DIGS 3S) Se Molsiacuk Ruwenzoris, 13500) hhiealapeucouecon mV alac Hl onvan Oe
ZIZERA GAIKA.
Lycena gaika Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soe. ser. 3, i. p. 403 (1862).
11 ¢ 6,292. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 24. v. 06.
ZIZERA KNYSNA.
Lycena knysna Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soe. ser. 3, vol. i. p. 282 (1862).
236. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 4, 18. v. 06.
Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. April. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
CUPIDOPSIS JOBATES.
Lycena jobates Hopfier, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1855, p. 642 (1855).
13,2922. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 24. v. & 16. vi. 06.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 165
CATOCHRYSOPS OSIRIS.
Lycena osiris Hopfter, Ber. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1855, p. 642.
1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 7. v. 06.
CATOCHRYSOPS CELAUS.
Papilio celeus Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 177, t. 379. ff. K, K (1782).
233. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 5. v. 06.
Family PIERIDA.
LEPTOSIA MEDUSA.
Papilio medusa Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 86, t. 150. f. F (1777).
forma ALCESTA.
Papilio alcesta Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 175, t. 379. f. A (1781).
14 ¢ 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 2, 21, 28. v. 06.
forma IMMACULATA.
Vychitona medusa var. immaculata Aurivillius, Ent. Tijdskr. xvi. p. 257 (1895).
11 3 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 16, 17. iii. 06.
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 9. v. 06.
forma Nupta.
Nychitona nupta Butler, Cist. Ent. i. p. 175 (1873).
Kasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. 13-23.iv. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. Ff. Scott Elliot.)
MYLOTHRIS CLARISSA.
Mylothris clarissa Butler, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 70.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 26.1. 06.
MYLOTHRIS CROCEUS.
Mylothris croceus Butler, P. Z. S. 1895, p. 734, pl. xliii. f. 1.
636,229. E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 6. ii. 06. 5000-7000 ft. 3, 16,
D3 erie OG:
Between Kivata and Luimi, Ruwenzori. 5000-8000 ft. v.& vi. (G.F. Scott Elliot.)
MYLOTHRIS AGATHINA.
Papilio agathina Cramer, Pap. Ex. iii. p. 76, t. 237. ff. D, E (1779).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 23. iii. 06.
166 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
MYLOTHRIS RUBRICOSTA.
Pieris rubricosta Mabille, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) x. p. 28 (1890).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 26. i. 06.
MYLOTHRIS JACKSONI.
Mylothris jacksoni H. M. Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1891, p. 190, t. 16. f. 3.
3.6 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. 15. i. & 7. ii. 06.
‘TERIAS DESJARDINSII.
Xanthidia desjardinsii Boisduval, Faune Ent. Madag. p. 22, t. 2. f. 6 (1833).
é @. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Hiliot.)
TERIAS MARSHALLI.
forma Punctinotata Butler.
Terias punctinotata Butler, P. Z. 8S. 1895, p. 633, pl. xxxv. ff. 8 & 9.
18 ¢ 6,229. Mubukn Valley, E. Rawenzori. 95000-13,000 ft. 2,17.1.&
ai OG:
(oe)
forma MARSHALLI.
Terias marshalli Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) i. p. 62 (1898).
1 ¢. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
This specimen is of the dry-season form.
TERIAS REGULARIS.
Terias regularis Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xviii. p. 486 (1876).
3 66. Mokia, SE. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 29, 30. iv. 06. (Wet-season form.)
19. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. v. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
TERIAS BRIGITTA.
Papilio brigitta Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 82, t. 331. ff. B, C.
Terias zoé Hopffer, Monatsb. Ak. Wiss. Berl. 1855, p. 640.
19°. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 29. iv. 06.
19. Kivata, Ruwenzori. 5300-8000 ft. v. (G. F#. Scoté Elliot.)
‘TERIAS BRENDA.
Terias brenda Doubleday, Gen. Diurn. Lep. pl. 9. f. 6 (1847).
2386. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20. v. 06.
12. Semliki Forest. 10. vii. 06.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 167
TERIAS BOISDUVALIANA.
Terias boisduvaliana Mabille, Hist. Mad., Lép. i. p. 253, t. 32. ff. 4, 5 (1885-87).
23 36. Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 2, 7. v. 06.
TERIAS BOISDUVALIANA var. 2. REDUCTA.
22 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 1. ili. 06.
A lemon-coloured form with the black border of the fore-wing only reaching vein 2.
CATOPSILIA FLORELLA.
Papilio florella Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 479 (1775).
536 d6,42 9. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 28.1. 6.11., &
If, ste, OO,
forma PYRENE.
Colias pyrene Swainson, Zool. Ill. i. t. 51 (1820-1821).
1 9. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 6000—13,000 ft. 20. 1. 06.
'TERACOLUS AURIGINEUS.
Teracolus aurigineus Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (5) x11. p. 103 (1883).
10 36,2922. Mokia, §.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16, 27. iv. 06. (Wet-season
form.)
‘TERACOLUS PUNICEUS.
Teracolus puniceus Butler, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 72.
866,222. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 2, 9, 19, 24. v. 06.
'TERACOLUS PALLENE PSEUDETRIDA.
Callosune pseudetrida Westwocd ; Oates, Matabele Land, p. 840 (1881).
2°92. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3900 ft. 27, 28. iv. 06.
Both examples are of the wet-season form.
TERACOLUS ANTEVIPPE.
Anthocharis antevippe Boisduval, Spéc. Gén. Lép. i. p. 572, t. 18. f. 3 (1836).
Teracolus subvenosus Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xu. p. 105 (1883).
836,499. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27, 28. iv. & 1, 18. v. 06.
‘TERACOLUS OCALE.
Anthocharis ocale Boisduval, Spéc, Gén. Lép, 1. p. 584 (1838).
io, 3 2 9) Mokia, SHES Ruwenzor. 350001 17. iwc Tn) 215 v2 06:
168 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
'TERACOLUS XANTHUS.
Teracolus xanthus Swinhoe, P. Z. 8. 1884, p. 440, pl. 39. f. 10 (1884).
18 ¢ 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 39500 ft.
BELENOIS RAFFRAYI.
Pieris raffrayi Oberthiir, Et. d’Ent. iii. p. 17, pl. 1. f. 3 (1878).
26. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 24. ii. & 1. iii. 06.
BELENOIS THYSA.
Pieris thysa Hopffer, Monatsb. Ak. Wiss. Berl. 1855, p. 639.
15 6 6,1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27. iv. & 7, 16, 19, 24. v. 06.
BELENOIS SEVERINA.
Papilio severina Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. t. 338. ff. G, H (1782).
736,722. Mokia, S.E.Ruwenzori. 3500ft. 16,28. iv. & 8,19, 24. v. 06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 20.1. 06.
All belong to the wet-season form.
var. INFIDA Butler.
Belenois infida Butler, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 78.
3 6, 2. Between Kivata and Luimi, Ruwenzori. 7000-8000 ft. May and June.
(G. F. Scott Elliot.)
BELENOIS WESTWOODI.
Pinacopteryx westwoodi Wallengren, Lep. Rhop. Caffr. p. 9 (1853).
93 6,52 2%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3000ft. 16,17, 25, 29, 30. iv. & 2, 5. v. 06.
(Representative of the wet-season form.)
The females show considerable variation. One has the coloration of the male; the
others, with ground colours from lemon to orpiment-yellow, are obscured by heavy
black borders, usually occupying nearly half the wings, and in one the black scaling
extends lightly all over the fore-wing, and even in the hind-wings only a portion of the
cell is free from the black dusting.
BELENOIS SOLILUCIS.
Belenois solilucis Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 433.
13,1. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 9, 24. v. 06.
BELENOIS ZOCHALIA var. N. OCHRACEA.
1 @. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6000—13,000 ft. 23.71.06. Dry-season form.
A variety with both the fore- and hind-wings ochraceous above.
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 169
GLUTOPHRISSA CONTRACTA.
Glutophrissa contracta Butler, P.Z.S. 1888, p. 75.
366,192. Mokia, SK. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 3, 24. v. 06.
LLEUCERONIA BUQUETII.
Callidryas buquetii Boisduval, Spéc. Gén. Lép. i. p. 607 (1836).
236,12. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16, 25. v. 06.
NEPHERONIA ARGIA.
Papilio argia Fabricius, Ent. Syst. p. 470 (1775).
forma tyrica Aurivillius.
1 @. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 25. vii. 06.
ERONIA LEDA.
Eronia leda Boisduval, in Doubl. Gen. D. L. p. 65 (1847).
13 63,229. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20. iv. & 18 19. v. 06.
ERONIA DILATATA.
Eronia dilatata Butler, P. Z.S. 1888, p. 96.
336¢6,19. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 20, 30. iv. & 21, 22. v. 06.
Family PAPILIONID&.
PAPILIO MENESTHEUS LORMIERI.
Papiho lormiert Distant, Hut. Mo. Mag. xi. p. 129 (1874).
13s. 130 miles W. of Entebbe. 4000 ft. 8. xii. 05.
PAPILIO PHORCAS.
Papilio phorcas Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 4, t. 2. ff. B, C (1775).
366,19. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 19-21. v. 06.
PAPILIO MACKINNONI.
Papilio mackinnoni K. M. Sharpe, P. Z.S. 1891, p. 187, t. 16. f. 1.
236 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 27. iii. 06.
1g. Between Kivata and Luimi, Ruwenzori. 7000-8000 ft. v.orvi. (G. F. Scott
Elliot.)
PAPILIO DEMODOCUS.
Papilio demodocus Esper, Ausl. Schmett. p. 205, t. 51. f. 1 (1798).
466,19. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 25.iv. & 5d. v. 06.
VOL. XIX.—PART 11. No. 23.— December, 1909. 2A
170 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PAPILIO DARDANUS.
Papilio dardanus Brown, Il. Zool. p. 52, t. 22 (1776).
14 ¢ 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500ft. 16. v. 06.
forma HIPPOCOON.
Papilio hippocoon Fabry. Kut. Syst. 3, i. p. 88 (1793).
29 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16, 21. v. 06.
PAPILIO ZENOBIA.
Papilio zenobia Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 503 (1775).
13. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. vii. 08.
PAPILIO GALLIENUS.
Papilio cypreajila var. gallienus Distant, P. Z.S. 1879, p. 649.
Papilio mechowi Dewitz, Berl. ent. Zeit. p. 69, t. mi. f. 1 (1882).
1 ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 21. iv. 06.
PAPILIO PLAGIATUS.
Papilio plagiatus Aurivillius, Ent. Tidskr. xix. p. 183 (1898).
93 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 14-21. v. 06.
PAPILIO JACKSONI.
Papilio jacksoni E. M. Sharpe, P. Z.S. 1891, p. 188, t. 17. ff. 1, 2.
238. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-13,000 ft. 5. i. & 7. iii. 06.
1 2. Ruwenzori. 9000 ft. (G. F Scott Hiliot.)
Family HESPERIID 4.
SARANGESA SUBALBICANS.
Sarangesa subalbicans Bethune-Baker, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xviii. p. 342 (1906).
3 3 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16, 17. vi. 06.
SARANGESA HAPLOPA.
Sarangesa haplopa Swinhoe, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xx. p. 431 (1907).
1 3. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 17. iii. 06.
ERETIS PERPAUPERA.
Eretis perpaupera Holland, Ann. Mag. N. H. p. 288 (1892).
26 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 23. iii. 06.
roy
=
i
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA.
CELA NORRHINUS PROXIMUS.
Plesioneura proxima Mabille, Bull. Soc. Zool. p. 231 (1877).
4g ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17, 28. vi. 06.
CELZNORRHINUS GALENUS.
Hesperia galenus Fabricius, Ent. Syst. 3,1. p. 850 (1793).
1 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
HESPERIA PLOETZI.
Hesperia ploetzi Aurivillius, Ent. Tidskr. xi. p. 227.
Hesperia spio Plétz (nec Linn.), Mitt. naturw. Ver. Neu-Vorpomn. und Riigen, 1884, p. 2.
266,129. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 14.1. & 24. ii. 06.
“a
An Eastern (Uganda) form with very large cream spots.
PYRGUS DROMUS.
Pyrgus dromus Plotz, Mitt. naturw. Ver. Neu-Vorpomm. und Riigen, 1884, p. 6.
Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. May. (G. Ff. Scott Elliot.)
[The specimen is worn and maimed; perhaps referable rather to ploeéz/.|
OXYPALPUS WOLLASTONI, sp. n. (Plate V. fig. 12, ¢.)
Expanse 25-29 mm.
Above rich fulvous with markings similar to those of 0. ruso Mabille, but the
underside, as in O. fulvus Lathy, shows no sign of radiating streaks on the plain
fulvous ground. Its nearest allies are probably O. fudvus Lathy and O. (Pardaleodes)
rutilans Mabille.
Uppnrsipg. Rich fulvous, with black markings; the cilia uniformly fulvous. Fore-
wing with a black border along the costal margin, starting very narrowly at about one-
fifth from the base and gradually widening to the apical angle; a broad black border
along the external margin, which is thickly dusted with fulvous scaling and ill-defined
internally; from the base almost to the external border extends a broad black
longitudinal streak, almost filling the cell, at the end of which its posterior margin
is more or less deeply indented—in some specimens quite cut through—by the ground-
colour; a similar but narrower streak runs from the base to the border along the
posterior edge of vein 2, but it is broadly interrupted by the ground-colour near
the origin of that vein; all the veins are more or less dusted with black scales, and
especially vein 1. Hind-wing: completely encircled by a strong black border about
1 mm. wide, except at the costal margin, where it is swollen to double that width,
broken only at vein 1 4, where it is sharply interrupted by a longitudinal streak of the
ground-colour, about °5 mm. wide; a narrow black line runs from the base to the outer
24 2
172 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
border along vein 10, and there is a similar streak, but of three times the width,
along vein 1¢; a triangular patch of powdered black, with its apex at the ongin
of vein 2, extends outwards one-third the length of the wing.
Unvbersipe. Both wings plain fulvous, save for the thin black marginal line from mid-
costa to the tornus of the fore-wing and from vein 7 to 1 6 of the hind-wing ; a patch
of black scales at the base of the internal margin of the fore-wing extends indistinctly
outwards along vein 1.
Antenne and palpi black above, fulvous below. Head and body fulvous above,
orange below. ‘The legs orange, save that the femora are black above.
3 6 3, from Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 19, 21. v. & 27. vi. 06.
PARDALEODES INCERTA.
Pamphila incerta Snellen, Tijd. Ent. (2) vii. p. 29, t. 2. ff. 10-12 (1872).
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 9. i. 06.
CYCLOPIDES METIS.
Papilio metis Linn. Mus. Ulr. p. 825 (1764).
3 3 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 6, 7.1. & 5. 11, 06.
CYCLOPIDES WILLEMI.
Heteropterus willemi Wallengren, Lep. Rhop. Caffr. p. 47 (1857).
1 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27. vi. 06.
CYCLOPIDES MIDAS.
Cyclopides midas Butler, P. Z.S. 1893, p. 671.
266,12. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 17.1. 06.
2386. Kasamaza’s 5300 ft., Kivata 6000-8000 ft., Ruwenzori. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
CHIONEIGIA, gen. n.
Antenne a little longer than three-fourths the length of the fore-wing, rather stout,
the gradually incrassate club about one-third the length of the shaft and about three
times its diameter; the apiculus not sharply marked off from the club-mass and in
length hardly more than half its diameter.
Palpi porrect, the third joint hardly visible in the thick mass of scales which
obscures the second.
Fore-wing : the costa slightly concave above the distal portion of the cell, and the
apex subacute, hardly more than half a right angle in male, more in the female, in
which sex the costal margin is proportionately shorter. ‘The convex external margin
a little longer than the internal in the male, subequal in the female. The cell less
than two-thirds of the wing-length (about five-eighths in male, three-fifths in female) ;
FB. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. 173
vein 12 finishing at or beyond cell-end, 8 before wing-apex, and 7 well on external
margin in a line with upper border of cell; 6 just below cell-apex, leaving a minute
upper discocellular ; 5 (much bent down at its origin) arises three times as far from
6 as from 4, thus leaving a long middle discocellular generally subparallel with external
margin of wing and flexed a little inwards posteriorly ; 2 a little nearer to base than
to 3, which is four times as far from 2 as from 4.
Hind-wing: in the male subcircular, its greatest width about equal to the external
margin of the fore-wing ; in the female subpyriform. ‘The costa is more arched in the
male ; external margin rounded in both sexes and the internal margin almost straight.
The cell about half of the wing-length; discocellulars strongly oblique inwards
costally ; vein 8 finishing two-thirds along costa; 7 and 6 arising at upper end of cell ;
5 hardly developed, at its origin very slightly nearer 6 than 4; 3 arising a little before
the end of the cell and twice as far from 4 as it is from 2; the distance between 4 and
the base is more than twice the distance between 4 and 3.
Hind tibiz with a pair of spurs.
In the male a hardly distinguishable sex-patch of scales covers the area of veins 2,
3, and 4 of the hind-wing. The extent and position of this patch are best seen in
specimens which have been almost cleared of their scaling by Eau de Javelle.
Type, Chionergia legget mihi.
The genus is nearest to Ploetzia and Kedestes.
It has no fore-wing sex-streak in the male as in the former genus and has a much
more minute third joint to the palpus than in the latter genus.
CHIONEIGIA LEGGEI, sp. n. (Plate V. figs. 15, 16, ¢ ; 17, 18, 2.)
Expanse: ¢ 38 mm., 2 41 mm.
¢ .—UPPpPERSIDE. Fore-wing seal-brown; at the end of the cell two amber spots
placed closely one above the other; below these, and almost in a line with them, in
space 2 an elongate oblong amber spot, reaching vein 2; a minute spot at the basal angle
of space 3; midway between the end of the cell and the apex a short band, composed ot
three oblong translucent spots, in spaces 6, 7, and 8, that in 6 being the largest, while
the one in 8 is a little longer than the one in 7; about halfway between the base and
the external margin, and just above vein |, there is a small spot (sometimes evanescent)
of clay-colour or ochre-yellow; cilia light brown. Hind-wing uniform seal-brown ;
cilia pale ochre.
UnversibE. Fore-wing: the spots of the upperside appear on a ground varying from
seal-brown with ochreous scales at the costa to a full sepia at vein 1, between which and
the internal margin the scales are lustrous yellow-grey. ‘The ground-colour is invaded
along the external margin from the apex to vein 2 by violaceous brown, which leaves
minute internervular triangular patches of ground-colour along the margin. Hind-
wing light violaceous brown, the costal margin with a broad border of rich brown-pink ;
174 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
from the apex of this border a transverse band of the same colour runs across the wing,
beyond the end of the cell, as far as vein 10; between this and the outer margin is
some faint darker shading, and along the margin some vague lunules of greyish scales
are sometimes visible.
? .—UpprrsipE. Paler than that of the male. Fore-wing with the elongate spot in
space 2 more displaced outwardly, the spot in space 3 larger; while in the subapical
band the spot in space 8 is not longer than that in 7. Hind-wing clothed at the base
with ochreous hairs.
Unprrsipg. The ground-colour is much paler, especially in the hind-wing, in which
the costal border of brown-pink is also much paler and less pronounced.
Antenne of the male white above, buff below, except the apiculus which is brown
on both surfaces. In the female, the antenne are brown above, save for a few white
scales at the end of the club; below buff, which colour spreads a little round the
joints of the shaft and is visible from the upperside.
Head in both sexes brown above; in the male with white scales between the
antenne, in the female with buff scales posterior to them.
Thorax and abdomen seal-brown above, the female with a few raw sienna scales
at the end of the abdomen. Below the violaceous brown predominates, the legs
remaining brown-pink.
Palpi below brown-pink.
266,222. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. 13, 16, 21.1. &
1. iii. 06.
CERATRICHIA WOLLASTONI, sp.n (VTlate V. figs. 13 ¢ ; 14, @.)
Expanse: ¢ 31 mm., 2 31 mm.
Nearest C. flava Hewitson in wing-shape, but paler in colour, with the fore-wing
divided about equally into an apical dark half and basal lighter portion, while in
flava the dark border is subparallel to the external margin from the tornus to vein 4
and then angulated along the vein and running obliquely to the costa.
3 .—Uppersipe. Gamboge-yellow: fore-wing with the apical half rich seal-brown,
this area terminating internally in an even curve from the tornus to mid-costa, which
touches the end of the cell; a minute ray of dark scales stretches for 2 mm. from the
base along the costal nervure; the basal half of the costal margin very narrowly edged
with brown: hind-wing with a patch of the dark brown at the apex of the wing end a
few dark scales at the base of the internal margin.
Unpersipe. Fore-wing: ground-colour the same as above, but much more orange
towards the costal and external margins and paler towards the internal margin; the
dark scaling covers the same area as above, but is much reduced in density, hardly
traceable costalwards, and dusted with dull gallstone-yellow scaling at the external
margin. At about 1-d mm. from the external margin a small brown-bordered silver spot
lies in interspaces 6, 8, 9,10. On costal margin lies another, and one is situated in
Or
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA. WG
interspace 7 at 4 mm. from the margin. Hind-wing: the gamboge-yellow extends only
from the internal margin to the fold between veins 1 6 and 2, where it is separated bya
dark line from the rest of the wing, which is ochreous-yellow. At about one-third from
the base is a curved row of three (or four) ill-defined spots, in space 1 0, the cell, space 7,
and sometimes 8 respectively; these spots are formed of more or less broken rings of
brown scales surrounding a few pearly ones; beyond the middle is another parallel
row of seven similar spots, there being one in each space from 1 6 to 7, but the spot in
space 4 is minute and rather displaced inwardly.
9 .—Uprersive. More-wing seal-brown ; an ochraceous spot at end of cell, 6 mm.
from base of wing, another in space 2 nearer the outer margin; minute spots situated
as those on the underside of the male in spaces 3 to 7, that in 4 very minute and
sometimes absent. Hind-wing: the brown colour is confined to the basal, costal, and
apical portions, leaving the larger area of the wings a pale ochre-yellow.
Unperrsive. Fore-wing light sepia-brown, yellow towards the costa and apex and
along the inner margin of the wing; the spots of the upperside are all traceable, and
there are additional ones in spaces 8and 9. Hind-wing below a pale luteous, the spots
and markings as in the male.
Hab. Uganda.
266,12. Entebbe, Uganda. (H. A. Minchin.)
1g. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 18. 11. 06.
PADRAONA ZENO.
Pamphila zeno Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. ser. 3, vol. 1. p. 179 (1864).
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
266,292. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 6000—-15,000 ft. 14, 15, 17.1. 06.
1g. Ruwenzori. 5600 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
ARTITROPA COMUS.
Ariitropa comus Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. t. 391. ff. N, O (1782).
1g,2 22. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 2, 22, 27.1. 06.
BARACUS LEPELETIERI.
Hesperia lepeletiert Latreille, Hne. Méth. 1x. p. 777 (1828).
8 6 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 17.1.06. 6000-13,000 ft.
26. 11. 06.
ACLEROS MACKENII.
Pamphila mackenii Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1868, p. 95, t. 6. f. 8.
1g. Mubuku Valley, ZH. Ruwenzori. 0000-7000 ft. 20. i1. 06.
176 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
GEGENES LETTERSTEDTI.
Hesperia letterstedti Wallengren, Lep. Rhop. Caffr. p. 49 (1857).
136,192. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
1 ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000-7000 ft. 17. v. 06.
GEGENES OCCULTA.
Pamphila occulta Trimen, P. Z. 8S. 1891, p. 103.
13. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 17. v. 06.
BAORIS LUGENS.
Pamphila lugens Hopfier, Bericht Verh. Ak. Berl. 1855, p. 643.
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
CHAPRA MATHIAS.
Hesperia mathias Fabricius, Ent. Syst., Suppl. p. 433 (1798).
286,222. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 3, 20. v.& 16, 18. vi. 06.
PARNARA DETECTA.
Pamphila detecta Trimen, Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 141, pl. viii. f. 12 (1893).
938 38. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 14. v. & 27. vi. 06.
229. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 7, 9. i. 06.
PARNARA sp.
1 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 27. vi. 06.
A similar specimen taken at Entebbe by Minchin.
JRHOPALOCAMPTA FORESTAN.
Papilio forestan Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. t. 391. ff. E, F (1782).
5 ¢ 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3500 ft. 16. vi. 06.
13,12. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-13,000 ft. 13. 1.06. 15,000 ft.
16. 11. 06.
One found “ dead on snow.”
RHOPALOCAMPTA LIBEON.
Ismene libeon Druce, P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 416.
Ismene unicolor Butler (nec Mabille), P. Z. S. 1895, p. 738.
JKasamaza’s, Ruwenzori. 5300 ft. iv.orv. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
Kivata, Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft. iv. orv. (G. F. Scott Elliot.)
" :
Doe.
co
F. A. HERON—LEPIDOPTERBA RHOPALOCERA.
PLATE V.
1. Gnophodes grogani 1K. M. Sharpe, 3
Y i Pee MeUShanpess hp. 143.
oF ie minchint Heron, 3
4, a , forma n. magniplaga, Heron ¢, p. 144.
5. Ergolis pagensteckeri forma n. aurantiaca Heron, 3, p. 154.
6. rs ks Suffert, ¢, p. 154.
7. Charaxes opinatus Heron, 3, p. 156.
8. Gnophodes chelys Fab., 3, fore-wing
9. 9 diversa Butler, 3 , fore-wing lp, 143.
10. 4, parmeno Doubl. & Hew., 3, fore-wing
ll. Acrea amicitie Heron, ¢, p. 148.
12. Oxypalpus wollastoni Heron, ¢, p. 171.
13. Ceratrichia wollastoni Heron, 3 \p 174
14. us * Heron, @
15 & 16. Chioneigia legget Heron, 3 p. 173.
17 & 18. “ 5 elGron, 2 J
19. Uranothauma falkensteinit Dewitz, 3 1p. 162.
20. a a Dewitz, 2 J
2 - delatorum Heron, rs} |p. 161.
22. By Heron, 9
23 & 24. Harpendyreus reginaldi Heron, p. 159
25 & 26. . ,» Heron, 9
Shauna Drv Go. COREL AL.
Horace Knight del. et lith. West, Newman chromo.
‘LEPIDOPTERA RHOPALOCERA
FROM MTRUWENZORI, ENTEBBE, AND LAGOS.
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
13, HYMENOPTERA.
By the late Col. C. T. Bineuam, F.Z.8.
Received November 13, read November 17, 1908.
Family IcHNEUMONID & Leach.
Genus LactoLus Cam.
1. Lacrouus sp.
One specimen from Salt Lake, S.E. Ruwenzori.
Genus OSPRYNCHOTUS Spin.
2. OSPRYNCHOTUS FLAVIPES Brullé, Lepel. Hist. nat. Insect. Hymén. iv. p. 135 (1846).
One specimen from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft.
Family BRaconip& Newm.
Genus IpHravuLax Forst.
3. [PHIAULAX RUFITHORAX, sp. n.
¢. Head, antenne, the intermediate and posterior tibie and tarsi, and the sheath
of the ovipositor black ; the posterior trochanters and femora and the abdomen on the
upperside a beautiful brilliant purplish-blue; the base of the mandibles, the thorax,
the whole of the anterior legs, the cox, trochanters and femora of the intermediate
legs, and the cox only of the posterior legs dark red; abdomen on the underside
yellow with lateral blotches of dark brown; a spot on the underside of the
posterior coxee also brown, the tip of the posterior trochanters red; wings purplish-
brown, with a short broad hyaline streak in the 1st cubital cell continued below into
the 3rd discoidal cell, tegule red, nervures brown. Head rounded ; face below the
Sases of the antennz closely and finely punctured and raised into a short vertical
carina, front above the bases of the antenne, the scape, the occiput and area behind
the eyes smooth, polished, and shining, flagellum of the antennz opaque. Thorax
massive, smooth, and shining; mesonotum convex; scutellum raised slightly, sub-
pyramidal; median segment roundly sloped posteriorly and at the sides. Abdomen
comparatively broad, generally smooth and polished, with strong transverse serrations
between the segments; basal segment strongly laterally margined, deeply grooved
; 2B 2
180 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
within the raised margins, and convex in the middle; 2nd segment also laterally
margined with broad, shallower, lateral grooves within, a medial raised triangular area
at base bordered beyond by a shallow concavity which is longitudinally strongly striate ;
2nd and 5rd segments with short, obliquely transverse, shallow grooves, which are also
longitudinally striate or serrate. Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with short, very
sparse, erect, brown hairs ; on the front of the face, on the tibie and tarsi, and on the
sheath of the ovipositor this pubescence is shorter and very dense, of a golden-brown
colour on the tibize and tarsi of the anterior legs, and black on the sheath of the
ovipositor, on the apical third of which last it turns to greyish-white.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot).
One female specimen.
Family FormMicip& Latr.
Subfam. Dorytina Shuck.
Genus Dory.us Fabr.
4. Doryus nigricans I]. Magaz. f. Insectenk. i. p. 188 (1802).
One specimen from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. January 17th.
Family SPHEGID &.
Genus Tacuytes Panz.
5. 'TACHYTES sp.
One specimen from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft.
Genus Puitantavus Fabr.
6. PHILANTHUS LIMATUS, sp. n.
@. Head and thorax black, the clypeus, a patch above it on either side touching
the inner margin of the eyes, a crescentic mark on the front between the bases of the
antennee, and a small spot on the scutellum and postscutellum respectively, yellow.
Wings hyaline, slightly brownish towards their apices, nervures and tegule brownish-
yellow; legs black. Abdomen yellow, darkening to reddish-brown posteriorly; basal
segment black above and below; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments with large quadrate black
marks on the dorsum; 5th and 6th segments shaded with black above. Head very
broad, much broader than the thorax; mandibles powerful, opaque, grooved above ;
clypeus and front below the antennze with the yellow patches on either side smooth
and shining ; antenne robust, opaque, not shining, 2nd flagellar joint one-third longer
than the 3rd and twice the length of the 4th; front above the base, antennz up to the
C. T. BINGHAM—HYMENOPTERA. 181
ocelli finely and closely punctured, the vertex round and behind the ocelli and the area
behind the eyes smooth and shining, with only a few scattered fine punctures and with
a slightly marked medial longitudinal carina. Thorax: pro- and mesonotum, scutellum,
postscutellum, pleure, and pectus finely but rather sparsely punctured ; median segment
rounded, obliquely declivous, its anterior half smooth, shining, unpunctured, its posterior
or lower half closely and finely punctured; legs opaque, unpunctured. Abdomen
smooth, but with a dull surface, not shining. Head, thorax, and the underside of the
abdomen clothed somewhat sparsely with erect, long, soft, yellowish hairs, which are
most dense on the front and face and on the sides of the median segment; on the
intermediate and posterior legs the tibiz and tarsi, and on the anterior legs the tarsi
only, are strongly spinose, the spines black.
Length 2 17-18, exp. 31 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.
Two female specimens were procured in January. ‘The second specimen differs
from the type described above in the absence of the quadrate black mark on the
dorsum of the 4th abdominal segment.
Family Vespi1p Latr.
Subfam. EuMENIDIN]® Westw.
Genus EuMENEs Latr.
7. EUMENES MAXILLosus De Geer, Mém. Hist. Insect. iii. p. 577 (1773).
Two males and one female from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 3000-7000 ft.
The males taken in February, the female in June. A common species throughout
Tropical Africa.
8, EUMENES FENESTRALIS Sauss, Etud. fam. Vespid. i. Eumén. p. 53 (1852).
One female specimen, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft.
A West-African species.
Subfam. Vesprna Stephens.
Genus BELONOGASTER Sauss.
9. BELONOGASTER COLONIALIS Kohl, Aun. naturh. Hofmus. Wien, ix. p. 320 (1894).
Three specimens from Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. January and
February.
10. BreLonogaster Juncna Fabr. Spec. Insect. i. p. 468 (1781).
Two specimens from Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft. May and June.
182 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
11. BELONOGASTER sp.
One specimen, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. January.
Genus Icarta Sauss.
12. Icarra crncra Lepel. Hist. nat. Inesct. Hymén. i. p. 541 (1836).
One specimen from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft. January.
A common African species.
Genus Po.isres Latr.
/
13. Po.istes smrruit Sauss. Etud. fam. Vespid. i. p. 60 (1853).
One specimen from Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft. May.
Family A pip a Leach.
Genus Xyxocopa Latr.
14. XyLocopa propucta Sm. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 263 (1874).
One male from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft. January.
Ranges over nearly the whole of Africa. X.%0 Vachal is probably identical with
X. carinata Smith, the 2 of X. producta. Vachal’s description agrees well with the
type of X. carinata, which is in the British Museum collection.
15. Xynocopa nierira Fabr. Syst. entom. p. 379 (1775).
A male and a female, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. January.
16. XyLocopa FLAvoruFA De Geer, Mém. hist. Insect. vil. p. 605 (1778).
Three females from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. January.
17. Xyiocopa caLens Lepel. Hist. nat. Insect. Hym. ii. p. 196 (1841).
Four males and five females from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-13,000 ft.
January.
The type, a male, was described by Smith from Lake Nyassa. ‘The female closely
resembles the male, but the clypeus is black, with only a small spot of yellow at each
anterior angle and a club-shaped narrow yellow streak down the middle.
Genus Popa.irius Latr.
18. Popatreius apvana Sm. Descr. n. spec. Hymen. p. 122 (1879).
One male and two females, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft.
Cc. T. BINGHAM—HYMENOPTERA. 183
Genus MrcacuiLe Latr.
19. Mue@acuine roprrtiaANa Cam. Tr. S. Afric. Phil. Soc. xv. p. 248 (1905).
One female from Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft. May.
‘The type, now in the British Museum, is from Pearston, Grahamstown.
20. MEGACHILE LARVATA Gerst. Monatsber. Akad. Berlin, 1857, p. 461 (¢ ); id. Peters,
Reise n. Mozamb., Zool. v. 1862, p. 456 (¢ ), pl. xxix. fig. 11.
One male, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. 31st January.
One female, Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
Dalla Torre and other authors have sunk Gerstaecker’s M. larvata as a synonym of
M. rufiventris Guérin, from India, but the clypeus in the 2 of the Indian species is
totally different from that of the African form. Guérin’s description is very insufficient,
and his figure corresponds neither with the description nor with any Indian form of
Megachile known to me. 1 may add that, in vol. i. of the Hymenoptera. Fauna
British India series, I joined M. rujiventris Guérin with M. mystacea Fabr., an
Australian species, but further careful comparison has convinced me that the two
forms are distinct.
Genus Apis Linn.
21. Apis MELLIFICA Linn. race FasciaTa Latr. Ann. Mus. hist. nat. v. p. 171 (1804).
Two females from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-13,000 ft. January.
The death of Colonel Bingham occurred before he had been able to complete his
report on the Hymenoptera collected by the Ruwenzori Expedition. ‘The foregoing
has been drawn up from manuscript which he left.
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
14. COLEOPTERA.
By Giupert J. Arrow, F.E.S., C. O. Waternoust, P.E.S., C. J. Ganan, I7.A.,
and Guy A. K. Marswatn, F.Z.S.
Received October 24, read November 17, 1908.
[Puiates VI. & VII.*]
INTRODUCTION.
By C. J. Ganan, IA.
In the following papers dealing with the Coleoptera of the Ruwenzori range we have
recorded altogether rather more than 200 species, of which 48, or nearly one-fourth,
are described as new. ‘The species recorded, while consisting mainly of those collected
by the Hon. Gerald Legge and Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston during the recent expedition
to Ruwenzori, also include all other species known to us as occurring on that range.
We may especially mention those collected there by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot. The total
number of species is so small, and must give such an inadequate idea of the whole
Coleopterous fauna of Ruwenzori, that it would not be wise to draw any definite
conclusion as to the relation of this fauna with that of other parts of Africa. ‘The
material, such as it is, suggests, however, that there is a fairly close relationship
between the Coleoptera of Ruwenzori and East Africa, including both British and
German East Africa, but that the fauna of Ruwenzori shows a slightly larger admixture
of the West African element.
In order to avoid a useless repetition, we have omitted in the text the names of the
collectors, except where these happen to be other than the Hon. G. Legge and
Mr. A. F. R. Wollaston.
* For explanation of the Plates, see pp. 234, 236.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT 11. No. 25.—December, 1909. 2
186 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Part I.
By Giugert J. Arrow, £.L.S.
Family PASSALID &.
Dinymus RuweENzoricvus Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1906, p. 464.
Parum depressus, supra ubique minute punctulatus, capite varioloso-rugoso, clypeo
fortiter quadridentato, medio minute bidentato, cornu mediano parum prominente,
tuberculis posticis distinctis, conicis, carinis frontalibus integris, regulariter
arcuatis, angulo acuto convergentibus ; prothoracis lateribus Jeviter arcuatis, sat
crebre punctatis, angulis anticis fere rectis; scutello impunctato; elytris |
punctato-striatis, punctis dorsalibus subtilibus, lateralibus densis, scalariformibus ;
mesosterno glabro, utrinque late foveolato ; metasterni medio impunctato, angulis
posticis punctis parvis nonnullis; abdominis segmentis utrinque triangulariter
rugose impressis, segmenti ultimi dimidio postico crebre punctato et aureo-
hirto.
Long. 21-22 mm. Lat. max. 7-5-8 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, HE. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
A series of specimens was collected by the Expedition.
This species is distinguished by the metasternal plate being quite free from
punctures. It is much smaller than D. levisternus Arrow, but greatly resembles the
West African D. parastictus Imh. It differs from the latter species not only in the
unpunctured metasternal disc, but in the rather less acute front angles of the prothorax,
the sharply-limited rugose puncturing of the sides of the abdomen, which is confined
to definite depressions, the very slight emargination of the last segment and the
pilosity of its latter half.
Dipyus crassus Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1906, p. 465.
Robustus, sat brevis, modice convexus, capite subtiliter punctato-rugoso, clypeo
quadridentato, medio late emarginato, dentibus equalibus, carinis frontalibus vix
arcuatis, post medium angulatis et tuberculatis, cornu mediano obtuso, postice
haud lato aut sulcato, tuberculis posticis transverse carinatis; prothorace levi,
medio canaliculato, fossis lateralibus minute punctatis, sulco laterali angusto,
paulo punctato, prothorace preterea impunctato; scutello antice subtiliter
punctulato, postice impresso; elytris striatis, stris lateralibus leviter punctatis,
duabus juxta-suturalibus fortiter impressis, tribus intermediis tenuibus; meso-
sterno lato, glbaro, utrinque fortiter foveolato, lateribus punctatis et hirsutis,
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTERA. 187
metasterni medio et angulis posticis impunctatis, lateribus punctatis et hirsutis ;
abdominis segmento ultimo postice depresso et crebre punctato, penultimo
omnino polito.
Long. 34mm. Lat. max. 13 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
A single example of this isolated form was found. Although agreeing in essential
features with Didymus it has more the aspect of Hrionomus. It is large, broad, and
little flattened; the head is normal, the prothorax devoid of punctures, except
for a few minute ones in the lateral scars, and the elytral strie are only slightly
punctured, the three exterior dorsal ones being much feebler than the rest. The
sides of the elytra are naked, but there are a few hairs at the anterior face. The sides
of the meso- and metasternum are hairy, and the latter is without punctures either at
the middle or the hind angles.
EvuMELOsoMUs aFrints Arrow, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1906, p. 465.
Fi. sansibarico Har. proxime affinis, sed metasterni angulis posticis parce punctatis
abdomineque fere omnino polito; sat convexus, clypeo 5-dentato, carina media
nulla, carinis frontalibus valde arcuatis, angulo obtuso convergentibus, cornu
mediano antice conico, postice vix sulcato, a tuberculis lateralibus vix diviso ;
prothoracis lateribus grosse sat crebre punctatis, angulis anticis rectis; scutello
polito ; elytris punctato-striatis, punctis dorsalibus subtilibus, lateralibus grossis,
scalariformibus; metasterni medio impunctato, angulis posticis sat sparse
punctatis; abdominis lateribus vix punctatis, segmento ultimo polito, postice
transverse bifoveolato.
Long. 26-28 mm. Lat. max. 10°5-11°5 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Several specimens were collected.
This species is of the same size and shape as LH. sansibaricus Har., from which it is
only distinguishable on close examination. It differs by the shield-like space between
the frontal carine being rather less pointed behind and showing no trace of a median
carina, by the thinly, instead of closely and coarsely, punctured hind angles of the
metasternum, and the almost unpunctured sides of the abdomen.
Family ORPHNIDA.
ORPHNUS sp.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. A single female specimen was found by Mr. Scott Elliot.
188 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family Hysposorip4&.
PHOCHROUS sp.
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single specimen represents this family alsc.
Family APHODIID 4.
APHODIUS UNICORNUTUS Schmidt, Notes Leyden Mus. xxxi. 1909, p. 111.
A. rhinoceros Pér. (nec Reiche), Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. vol. xii. 1902, p. 402.
This species, first described by Dr. Péringuey, is closely allied to Aphodius
rhinoceros Reiche, but quite distinct from it. Reiche’s type as well as co-types of
A. armatus Roth (a synonym of A. rhinoceros) are now in the British Museum.
A. unicornutus is rather smaller than that species, the elytra are darker, the pro-
thoracic elevation of the male has two points instead of one, the clypeus is more
sinuated in front, the elytral sulci are scarcely visibly punctured and the interstices are
more convex. Reiche’s figure represents the colour of A. rhinoceros as darker than it
actually is. The elytra are testaceous with the sutural margins brown, whereas the
present species is almost uniformly reddish-iestaceous.
Hab. A single female was found at Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. There are also
examples in the British Museum from Natal, Johannesburg, and Salisbury.
Family Copripa@.
HELIOcOPRIs coLossus Bates, Col. Hefte, iv. p. 88; Kolbe, Deutsch-Ost-Afr. p. 141.
One male specimen was taken at Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
HELIOCOPRIS HAMADRYAS F. Syst. Ent. p. 22.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, and Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Several examples.
CATHARSIUS ViITULUS Boh. Ins. Caffr. 11. p. 225.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single female.
Copris Harris! Waterh. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6) vii. 1891, p. 51.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. ‘This species ranges from Somaliland
to the Orange River Colony.
GYMNOPLEURUS INSIDIOsts Péring. Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soc. xii. 1901, p. 69.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTHERA. 189
Family MELOLONTHIDA.
TrocuaLus sp. <A single specimen from the Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-
13,000 ft.
9
Serica, 3 spp. All represented by unique specimens from the Mubuku Valley
E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft., and Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
EvuPHORESIA sp. near L. semnionis Brenske.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
CamENTA OBESA Burm. Handb. iv. 2, p. 144.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
This species was described from West Africa, and the type is a female. A single
male was brought from Ruwenzori. A comparison with the type might perhaps reveal
differences which I have not been able to discover.
APOGONIA KOLBE! Kraatz, Deuts. ent. Zeit. 1899, p. 141.
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Examples of both sexes were collected.
This species belongs to the subgenus which Kolbe (Ent. Nachr. 1899, p. 57) has
called Catagonia, a preoccupied name for which Kraatz (apparently without intention)
has substituted the name Ceratogonia.
Scuizonycua, 6 spp. These are probably new, but nearly all are represented by
unique specimens and it would not be justifiable to describe them.
CoNIOPHOLIS sp.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Also a unique specimen.
Family RUTELID &.
ANOMALA WELLMANI Ohaus, Deuts. ent. Zeits, 1907, p. 427.
Var. or new sp. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
ANOMALA REPENSA Péring. Trans. S. Afr. Phil. Soc. xii. p. 595.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single female specimen.
ANOMALA sp. near A. adustula Gerst. Jahrb. Anst. Hamb. i. 1884, p. 47.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Also a single female.
190 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PopPILLIA KRAATZI Ohaus, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1897, p. 359.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
This large species was also taken on Ruwenzori by Mr. Scott Elliot at an altitude of
9000 ft.
PopILLIA GRAMINEA Kolbe, Deutsch-Ost-Afrika, p. 173.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
POPILLIA RUNSORICA, sp. 0D.
Modice elongata, viridi-enea, elytris, femoribus tibiisque magis brunnescentibus ;
clypeo lato, rugose punctato, fronte crebre punctato; prothoracis dorso sub-
tilissime, lateribus dense punctatis, angulis anticis acuminatis, posticis fere acutis ;
scutello minutissime punctato; elytris late striato-punctatis, interstitiis 3° et 5°
elevatis, 4° latiore, parce punctato, 2° latissimo, irregulariter sat minute punctato ;
pygidio modice punctato, utrinque macula albo-hirta ornato; corporis subtus
lateribus longe griseo-hirtis, abdominis segmentis lateraliter ciliis decumbentibus
bipartitis; processu sternali longo, curvato, fere acuminato.
Long. 11-13 mm. Lat. max. 6-7 mm.
Hab. Mubuku River, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.
Mr. Scott Elliot also found this species on Ruwenzori between 7000 and 8000 ft.
altitude. I have examined four specimens, all of them males.
The strong, curved, and pointed mesosternal process distinguishes this from most of
the other African species of Popillia, and the sculpture of the elytra, of which the
subsutural interval is very broad and the 3rd and 5th intervals narrow and elevated, is
also peculiar. ‘The species appears to resemble P. fullebornt Kolbe, but is smaller ;
the pronotum is closely punctured, except in the middle, and its hind angles are
rather sharp.
ADORETUS HIRTELLUS Lap. Hist. Nat. ii. p. 142.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. This is a common
West African form, very abundant in Nigeria.
ADORETUS FLAVOVITTATUS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 7.)
Testaceus, capitis fronte, prothorace (linea angusta mediana lateribusque exceptis)
elytrorumque marginibus latis utrisque nigris; corpore supra et subtus parce et
minute griseo-setoso; capite grosse rugoso, clypeo lato, semicirculari; prothorace
sat lato, grosse sat crebre punctato, lateribus valde arcuatis; scutello punctato ;
elytris dense sat regulariter annulato-punctatis, lineis nonnullis indistincte
GILBERT J. ARROW-—COLEOPTERA. 191
gemiuato-striatis ; pygidio subtiliter rugoso, subopaco; tibiis anticis 3-dentatis,
pedum 4 anteriorum unguibus majoribus fissis; ¢, clypeo paulo minus lato.
Long. 9-10 mm. Lat. max. 4°0-5 mm.
Hab. Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft.; Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. Abyssinia,
Arusa; Brit. E. Africa, Naitolia; Masailand; Nyasaland, Zomba.
The dark upper surface with pale median line and sides to the pronotum and pale
longitudinal stripe at the middle of each elytron make this an easily recognisable
species. It is coarsely punctured, shining, and very thinly but evenly clothed above
with minute hairs. It closely resembles another Hast African species (described in
the footnote below *), but is smaller and less pubescent, and the elytral stripe only
reaches the margin of the elytron at its front edge.
Family DYNASTID &.
C@LOcoRYNUS RUNSURICUS Kolbe, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1895, p. 353; id. Deuts.-Ost-Afr.
04 IUGIL, yolks aah, abs, IL),
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
This peculiar beetle was also found by Mr. Scott Elliot between Salt Lake and
Wawamba, and by Mr. Wollaston in the Upper Congo.
CYPHONISTES RUFOCASTANEUS Fairm.
Cephisodotus rufocastaneus Fairm. Aun. Soc. Ent. France, 1891, p. 239.
EK. Congo Forest, 2500-3000 ft.
This species ranges from Old Calabar to Nyasaland. ‘The genus Cephisodotws was
made for it by Fairmaire, but the absence of a horn in the male is its only distinctive
feature.
PYcNOSCHEMA PALPALIS Arrow, Trans. Ent Soc. Lond. 1908, p. 339.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. A single male specimen agrees exactly with this species,
except in having the pronotum less narrowed at the base.
* Adoretus fuscovittatus, sp. n. Testaecus, fronte, prothorace (linea media lateribusque exceptis) elytrorum-
que vitta lata suturali alteraque externa medio dilatata, postice abbreviata, abdomineque fuscis;
corpore supra et subtus «xqualiter griseo-hirto ; capite grosse rugeso, clypeo semicirculari; prothorace
lato, grosse punctato, lateribus valde arcuatis; scutello crebre punctato; elytris grosse fere confuse
punctatis, lineis indistinctis geminato-punctatis; pygidio subtiliter ruguloso, subopaco; tibiis anticis
acute 3-dentatis, pedum 4 anteriorum unguibus majoribus fissis; ¢ clypeo minus lato.
Long. 10°5-12°5 mm. Lat. max. 5°5-6°5 mm.
Hab, Brit. E. Africa, Athi-ya-Mawe. Collected by Mr. C. 8. Betton in 1899,
192 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family CreToniips#.
GOLIATHUS GIGANTEUS Lam. Syst. Anim. sans Verteb. 1801, p. 209.
Mawambi, KE. Congo Forest, 2000 ft. (2. B. Woosnam). ‘This is the commonest and
most widely-distributed of the Goliath-beetles.
CERATORRHINA SMITHI Macl. Ilust. Zool. Afr. iii. p. 34.
Var. HACQUARDI.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. ‘One female specimen.
CrRATORRHINA GRALLI Bug. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1836, p. 201, pl. 5. fig. 3.
E. Congo Forest, 2500-3000 ft. (R. B. Woosnam). One female.
CERATORRHINA sp. near loricata Jans.
A single female from Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
CERATORRHINA STANLEYI Jans. Entomologist, xxii. p. 40.
A female was taken by Mr. Scott Elliot on Ruwenzori between 6000 and 8000 ft.
ECCOPTOCNEMIS SUPERBA Gerst. Mitth. nat. Ver. Neu-Vorpomm. 1883, p. 12.
H. Congo Forest, 2500-3000 ft. One male specimen.
‘TMESORRHINA RUNSORICA, sp. 0.
Lete olivaceo-viridis, tarsis tibiisque extus vel toto fusco-brunneis, modice depressa,
elongata, levis, haud micans, clypeo subquadrato, leviter rugoso, vertice minute
punctato ; prothorace parce subtiliter punctato, medio levi; scutello levi, acuto ;
elytris subtilissime subseriatim punctatis, apice extus sat grosse plicatis; pygidio
leviter transverse strigoso; corpore subtus levigato, metasterni lateribus grosse
punctatis et parce fulvo-pilosis, processu plano, antice rotundato:
3, abdomine sulcato, femorum posticorum margine postica longe sinuata et ciliata,
tiblis curvatis, intus longe et dense setosis.
Long. 23-26 mm. Lat. max. 11-12 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-7000 ft.
This species is very closely related to 7. pectoralis Moser, but rather broader and
smoother, the puncturation, especially upon the pronotum, being considerably finer.
The legs have not the bright rosy colouring seen upon the femora and tibie of
T. pectoralis, the femora and the inner part of the front, or of all the tibie, being
green, and the tarsi and remaining part of the tibize very deep red-brown ‘The male
has a long and thick fringe at the inner edge of the hind tibia, and the hind femur has
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTERA. 193
also a rather close fringe occupying an emargination of the posterior edge which
extends two-thirds of its length from the base. In 7. pectoralis this emargination is
shorter (in the British Museum representative), and the femur is therefore relatively
broader. I cannot judge of the variability of these sexual features, as I have seen only
one male of each species.
Two females were collected by the Expedition, and a male was found by Mr. Scott
Elliot.
GNATHOCERA AFZELIL Swartz, Schonh. Syn. Insect. i. 3, App. p. 50.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Found in numbers.
GNATHOCERA TRIVITTATA Swed. Vet.-Akad. Nya Handl. 1787, iii. p. 190.
Mokia, §.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single specimen was taken.
These two species of Gnathocera range as far as Sierra Leone.
PLA&SIORRHINA RECURVA F. Syst. El. ii. p. 158.
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Two specimens very peculiar in coloration, but
structurally agreeing with this common West African species.
RHABDOTIS SOBRINA G. & P. Mon. p. 234, pl. 44. fig. 4.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. This insect inhabits
Eastern Africa from Abyssinia to the Transvaal.
Pacuwnopa sinuata F. Syst. Ent., App. p. 819; Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afr. p. 190.
One specimen of the typical form was brought from Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.,
and several of the var. flaviventris, the most abundant phase, from the Mubuku Valley,
E. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.
PACHNODA VIRIDANA Bl. Cat. Coll. Ent. 1850, p. 2.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. A specimen was also found by
Mr. Scott Elliot.
GiycyPHana (GAMETIS) BALTEATA Deg, Mém. Ins. vii. p. 642, pl. 48. fig. 4.
Var. ZANZIBARICA.
This insect was found on Ruwenzori by Mr. Scott Elliot.
GLYCYPHANA (GAMETIS) TIGRINA, sp.n. (Plate VII. fig. 9.)
Flava, supra opaca, corpore subtus, pygidio, pedibus, prothoracis medio, scutello
elytrorumque maculis et lineis transversis nigris vel viridi-nigris ; modice elongata,
depressa; capite crebre punctato; prothorace parce et grosse punctato, lateribus
VOL. XIX.—Part u. No, 26.—December, 1909. 2D
194 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
antice valde contractis, postice paulo dilatatis, basi medio profunde et anguste
exciso ; scutello longo, obtuso, impunctato ; elytris punctis semicircularibus sat
parce impressis, lateribus fortiter sinuatis, apicibus acute spinosis ; pygidio subtiliter
strigoso, metasterni lateribus grosse transverse strigosis, parce hirsutis; abdomine
fere levi, segmentis postice utrinque albo-marginatis.
Long. 17 mm. Lat. max. 8 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
This species is very much like G. scalaris G. & P., but is larger and relatively
broader and the yellow parts of the upper surface are more extensive. The pronotum
is rather broadly ringed with yellow, and the elytra are of that colour, with the
anterior margin, an oblique bar from the shoulder to the suture just behind the
scutellum, a transverse bar behind that, an oblique one just before the apex, a spot
occupying the apical angle and four or five others black or very deep green-
black.
Only a single female was found,
The African group of species to which the two last belong are generally known as
Gametis, constituting the second section of Burmeister’s genus of that name (which
was restricted by Lacordaire to that section), but it is only a geographical division
which cannot be distinguished from Glycyphana by any structural character. Another
name in use for the same group (Phonotenia) is a Catalogue name only.
Diptoenatua sinicea Macl. Illust. Zool. Afr. i. p. 22.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
This insect is extremely abundant from Abyssinia to Natal. Dr. Péringuey has
found that the larve live in the nests of Hawks, feeding either upon the excrement or
the sticks composing the nest.
LEUCOSCELIS PLEBEJA Kolbe, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1895, p. 290.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. This species was also found by
Mr. Scott Elliot.
CoMYTHOVALGUS sp.
Ruwenzori, 5600 ft. A single female specimen of one of the minute species
composing this genus was found by Mr. Scott Elliot.
Family CaARABID &.
CALOSOMA SENEGALENSE Dej. Spec. Col. v. p. 562.
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Equally distributed in Kast and West Africa.
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTERA. 195
TEFFLUS GRACILENTUS Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afrika, p. 62, pl. 1. fig. 3.
Mokia, $.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; E. Congo Forest, 2500-3000 ft.
KUDEMA ERIcHSONI Hope, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1842, x. p. 94.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. The range of this species extends
from Sierra Leone to \ yasaland, which is remarkable in a genus in which the very
numerous species are generally very localised.
RHYSOTRACHELUS sp.
Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. A single female specimen.
HOMALOLACHNUS sp.
A small immaculate species was taken by Mr. Scott Elliot upon Ruwenzori and in
the E. Congo Forest.
LEBIA sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. A single example.
Priatynus (subg. ANCHOMENUS) sp. near striatitarsis Pér.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
HARPALUS sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Family STAPHYLINID &.
PADERUS sp. near P. duplex Eppels.
One example of a species very close to P. duplex, but considerably larger.
Family HIisTERID &.
HOLOLEPTA AFRICAN Lewis, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1898, ii. p- Las.
Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
Hisrer Monitor Lewis, op. cit. 1907, ii. p. 483.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. Also found by Mr. C.S. Betton at
Lagari, Brit. E. Africa.
196 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family TROGOSITIDA.
ALINDRIA GRANDIS Serv. Encycl. Méth. x. 1825, p. 719.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. This is common from the Gold Coast to Natal.
Family ErRoTyLiD &.
PROMECOLANGURIA CUPREA Arrow, Johnston’s Uganda Protectorate, vol. i. p. 460
(1902).
Between Salt Lake and Wawamba, S.E. Ruwenzori.
Keddish-brown, head nearly black, elytra with a metallic lustre; parallel-sided,
elongate, head finely and not closely punctured, thorax rather densely, elytra with
deeply impressed rows of punctures. Antenne with a loosely three-jointed club, the
two preceding joints very slightly widened. Eyes moderately finely facetted. Prothorax
rather longer than wide, with the sides hardly perceptibly curved and _ slightly
approximating behind. Elytra truncate at the extreme apex. Length 12 mm.
This species is allied to P. lyctoides Fowler, but is considerably larger than that
or any other described species of the genus. Three specimens were found by
Mr. Scott Elliot.
PLATYDACNE RUFOVITTATA Harold,
Megalodacne rufovittata Har. Col. Hefte, xvi. 1879, p. 219.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
Two specimens were found, which agree with the description of Harold’s examples
from the interior of Angola, except that the third joint of the antenne is as long as,
but not, as stated by Harold, longer than the fourth and fifth together. The prothorax
is not quite so long as it is broad, but its unusual length produces that impression.
The three red lines upon each elytron are less reduced than in the original type and
each is broken into two parts, but the degree of constancy of these lines cannot yet
be judged.
This species, although much more elongate, is very closely related to Platydacne
vittulata, Fairm., and must unquestionably be placed in Fairmaire’s genus, notwith-
standing that that author has indicated the shortness of the prothorax as one of its
characteristics.
AMBLYSCELIS NIGRIPENNIS, sp. 0.
Fulvo-rufus, elytris clavaque antennali nigris ; medice elongatus, minute punctulatus,
elytris punctato-striatis, parum nitidis, oculis haud magnis.
9
Long. 6-7 mm. Lat. max. 3°3 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 5300 ft.; Belgian Congo, Katanga; N.E. Rhodesia, Serenje.
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTERA. US)
Three specimens were collected by Mr. Scott Elliot on Ruwenzori, the rest by
Mr. 8. A. Neave.
The species closely resembles 4. natalensis Crotch. It is red, with the elytra and
the club of the antenna black, but the elytra are rather shorter and less shining than
in Crotch’s species and the puncturing of the whole upper surface is a little finer
and closer. But the most marked distinctive feature is found in the relatively smaller
eyes. The head between these is much wider, its width being equal to twice that of
the eye, and the whole of this space is finely and evenly punctured. The antenne are
moderately long, with a loose and rather narrow club.
Family CoccINELLID&.
ALESIA AURORA Gerst. Arch. f. Naturg. xxxvii. 1, p. 345; v. d. Decken’s Reisen,
Gliederth. p. 294, pl. 13. fig. 3.
Mubuku Valley, E. Rewenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
This is the only Ladybird of the aphidivorous type so common in most parts of the
world which has yet been brought from Ruwenzori.
ORTALIA sp.
One specimen from the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
EPILAcHNa HiRTA Thunb. Noy. Insect. Spec. 1781, p. 23, fig. 35.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-13,000 ft. A very common species throughout
a large part of Africa,
EPILACHNA QUADRIOCULATA Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afr. p. 122.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. This species, referred to as
E. tetracycla Gerst. in Johnston’s ‘ Uganda Protectorate, has been described as
distinct by Kolbe.
EPILACHNA SCUTELLARIS Kolbe, 1. c. p. 120, pl. 4. fig. 55.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
EPILACHNA ANNULATA Kolbe, 1. c. p. 121.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. This was also found by Mr. C. 8.
Betton at Lagari, east of Victoria Nyanza.
EPILACHNA PAULI Weise, Deuts. ent. Zeits. 1897, p. 289.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. The British Museum possesses
other examples of this species from Abyssinia.
198 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
EPILACHNA ALBOMACULATA Kolbe, 1. c.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
EPILACHNA AMORPHA, sp. n.
Nigra, elytris rufis, marginibus omnibus, macula circumscutellari, a apicali,
maculisque 6-16 discoidalibus in fasciis transversis plus minusve connexis nigris ;
sat dense pubescens, brevis, prothorace postice obtuse angulato ; elytris conjunctim
subquadratis, coriaceis, punctis aliquibus distinctis, lateribus late marginatis,
post humeros fere rectis, apicibus subtruncatis; pedibus sat brevibus, unguibus
profunde fissis, haud appendiculatis :
? , abdominis segmento 5° medio postice lobato, 6° apice fisso.
Long. 7-8 mm. Lat. max. 6-6°5 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
This species closely resembles EH. albomaculata Kolbe in colour and pattern, but
is shorter and more irregular in form. It is black, with the elytra red and decorated
with 1, 2, or 3 transverse bars formed by the linking together of roundish black spots.
The margins and a scutellar and an apical patch are also black. The sides are broadly
flanged, very prominent at the shoulders, nearly straight behind them, and subtruncate
at the apices.
‘Two males and one female specimen were taken, all differing in coloration. One
has three transverse black bars upon the elytra, another two, and the third specimen
only one.
EpiLacuNa sp. near HL. kasebergi Weise, Deuts. ent. Zeits. 1898, p. 106.
A specimen from the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori (6000-13,000 ft.), almost agrees
with the description of Weise’s insect, but it is closely pubescent and the spots are
blood-red.
EPILACHNA SERVA, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 6.)
Nigra, elytris punctis duobus sanguineo-rufis utrinque ornatis, primo pone marginem
anticum alteroque apicem versus; corpus omnino pubescens, prothorace haud
lato, basi medio arcuato; elytris conjunctim cordiformibus, distincte haud dense
punctatis, lateribus sat late marginatis, regulariter arcuatis, apicibus vix productis ;
unguibus sat profunde fissis, basi appendiculatis.
Long. 7-8°5 mm. Lat. max. 6-7 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—13,000 ft.
Blue-black and finely pubescent, with an anterior and posterior more or less round
blood-red spot upon each elytron. The elytra are distinctly punctured and broadly
GILBERT J. ARROW—COLEOPTERA. 199
cordiform, with the sides gently and uniformly curved and broadly margined and the
apices scarcely produced.
Several specimens were collected.
EPILACHNA GEMMIFERA, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 10.)
Elongata, nigra, elytris punctis duobus pallide flavis utrinque ornatis, uno humerali
alteroque anteapicali; corpus sat dense pubescens, prothorace haud lato, postice
leviter lobato ; elytris conjunctim longe cordiformibus, coriaceis, haud punctatis,
lateribus leviter et regulariter arcuatis et marginatis; unguibus longe et late
bifidis.
Long. 6:5 mm. Lat. max. 4°56 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EZ. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
This is similar to the last species in its colour and markings, but smaller and much
more elongate, the elytral spots are pale yellow and the anterior one is placed upon
the humeral callus and not behind it. The pubescence is rather fine and close, and
produces the effect of a bluish bloom upon the black surface.
The unique specimen is apparently a male.
EPILACHNA LUCIFERA, Sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 11.)
Nigra, elytris fulvo-rufis, punctis duobus pallide flavis utrinque ornatis, primo
humerali calloso alteroque anteapicali; corpus tenuiter pubescens; prothorace
nitido, haud lato, basi late sat regulariter arcuato ; elytris fortiter fere rugose
punctatis, conjunctim longe cordiformibus, late marginatis, humeris prominentibus,
apicibus productis ; pedibus sat longis, unguibus profunde fissis, basi angulatim
appendiculatis :
?, abdominis segmentis 4° et 5° in marginis postice medio impressis, 6° longi-
tudinaliter profunde sulcato.
Long. 9mm. Lat. max. 6°5 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-13,000 ft.
This is black, with the elytra of a peculiar livid brown-pink, each having a round
yellow spot at the shoulder and another towards the apex. ‘The sculpture is very
coarse and the pubescence fine. The elytra are very convex and considerably
produced behind, and there is a broad flange at the outer edge of each especially
developed near the shoulder, which is a little impressed externally, causing the yellow-
spotted callus to stand out very prominently.
The single specimen is apparently a female.
EPILACHNA NYMPHA, sp.n. (Plate VII. fig. 14.)
Nigra, elytris fulvo-rufis, singulo punctis duobus pallide flavis ornato, primo
humerali calloso, alteroque anteapicali; corpus sat dense pubescens, prothorace
200 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
postice parum lobato, ante scutellum minute emarginato; elytris minutissime
coriaceis, haud punctatis, conjunctim longe et regulariter cordiformibus, extus
modice marginatis, humeris vix impressis; unguibus late bifidis, basi haud
appendiculatis :
? , abdominis segmento 5° postice producto, acuminato.
Long. 8:5 mm. Lat. max. 6:3 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-13,000 ft.
E. nympha is coloured and spotted exactly like the previous insect, and almost of
the same size and shape, but the elytra are much more finely sculptured, less produced
at the apex, and more gently and uniformly curved at the sides. The shoulders are
tumid, but there is no definite impression behind them. ‘The female has the dth
ventral segment triangularly produced behind, almost concealing the 6th.
The type is unique.
EPILACHNA sp.
A single example of another species, perhaps not fully mature.
EprmiacHNa sp. near HL. kwaiensis Weise.
Three specimens collected by Mr. Scott Elliot, in which the median black band
upon the elytra is interrupted at the suture, represent a variety of the above species,
or a new form allied to it.
The number of species of the genus Hpilachna occurring in this region appears to
be one of the most striking characteristics of the fauna. ‘The genus has been divided
by Herr Weise into two, Epilachna and Solanophila, distinguished solely by the
structure of the claws. By the adoption of this classification all the new species above
described would he called Solanophila, except Epilachna lucifera, which would remain
in the old genus. ‘hat species, however, is so similar in appearance to H. nympha
that it was only after a close. examination that I found them to be different ; it has no
close affinity with any other species of Epilachna. In fact the two series of species
do not appear to be naturally separable, as no concomitant character of any kind
has been found to confirm the importance attached to the claw-difference, and the
geographical distribution merely throws suspicion upon it. Under these circumstances
I consider it best to retain all the species in the genus Epilachna.
C. O. WATERHOUSE—COLEOPTERA. 201
Part IT.
By C. O. Warternouss, P.H.S.
Family BUPRESTID &.
PsILOPTERA GESTROI Kerremans, An. Mus. Stor. Nat. Genova, 1899, p. 503.
Mubuku Valley, EH. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
There are examples of this species in the National Collection from Somaliland;
Mombasa; and Machakos, British E. Africa.
PSILOPTERA AUROCINCTA Kerremans, Genera Ins., Buprest. p. 95 (1903).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-13,000 ft.
The type of this species is from Katanga, Belgian Congo. Other specimens in the
Museum are from Masai; Kambove; Fwambo, Brit. Cent. Afr.; and Nyika Mts.,
Nyasaland.
CHRYSOBOTHRIS DORSATA Fabr. Mantissa Ins. i. p. 179 (1787).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; and Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, June-July 1906.
This species occurs almost all over Africa.
AGRILUS CONTINUATUS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 8.)
Very dark bronzy-green above, dull, brownish coppery and shining beneath. Head
flat in front, obscure coppery, finely rugose, with two dark rounded rugose spots
above, and a cordiform impression below. ‘Thorax transversely finely rugulose, with a
strongly marked longitudinal median impression, this impression and the sides clothed
with dull yellow pubescence. Above the posterior angle there is an arcuate coppery
carina. Hlytra gradually narrowed to the apex, where the margins are finely
denticulate, closely granulate, and dull; the sutural area impressed, leaving the region
of the scutellum convex, the suture itself slightly raised; each elytron with a well-
marked smooth, slightly coppery carina, extending from the shoulder to near the
apex; the space between this carina and the suture filled with dark golden-yellow
pubescence forming a longitudinal stripe. Upper lateral margin of the abdomen
clothed with dull golden pubescence, not interrupted at the apices of the segments.
Abdomen shining, distinctly but not very closely punctured, with a spot of yellow
pubescence on each side of the basal segment; apical segment with the margin
thickened and finely denticulate. Sides of the metasternum and episterna densely
clothed with yellow pubescence.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
This species in every way closely resembles A. cupriventris L. & G., but the yellow
pubescence on the upper margin of the abdomen is continuous, and not broken up
into spots as in that species; the apices of the elytra are not separately produced into
slight points as in A. cupriventris,
VOL. XIx.—Part u. No. 27.—December, 1909. 25
202 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Part III.
By C.J. Ganan, M.A.
Family Lycip 4.
Lycus (ACANTHOLYCUS) MODESTUS, sp. n. (Plate VI. figs. 2 & 3.)
Black; the explanate sides of the prothorax and the whole of the elytra, with the
exception sometimes of a black spot around the scutellum and a narrow black border
to the suture, ochraceous; the lateral margins of the 2nd to 6th segments of the
abdomen sometimes fulvous. In general form this species resembles L. latissimus
Linn., but the elytra are less strongly expanded laterally and their apices less broadly
truncate in the male; the sutural margins of the elytra are almost quite straight from
the base to a little past the middle and then begin to curve or bend inwards, the one
elytron from that point onwards overlapping the other. The forceps of the male is
similar in form to that of LZ. datissimus ; and by means of this character, as well as by
the presence of a sharp outer angle or short tooth to the truncated apex of the elytra
in the male, the species may be distinguished from ZL. constrictus Fahr., to which also
it has a strong general resemblance.
Length ¢ 20 mm.; breadth at base of elytra 5, at middle 11 mm.
Length @ 19-20 mm. ; breadth at middle of elytra 73-10 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot), Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-13,000 ft.
Variation.—In one female example the elytra have an apical black area which is
widest at the suture, where it joins the black sutural band.
LycuUs VITTATUS, sp.n. (Plate VI. fig. 1.)
3. Black; pronotum yellow at the sides; elytra yellow, marked with three broad
longitudinal black bands—one common, sutural, the others along the middle of each
elytron, beginning a little behind the shoulders and joining the sutural band at the
apex. Elytra subovate, narrower at the base than the base of the prothorax, elevated
near the suture at a little past the middle of their length, dehiscent from just behind
this elevation and having the sutural margins somewhat sinuate; rounded externally
at the apex, the sutural angles more or less obtuse; interspace between the
third and fourth coste slightly swollen near the base. Forceps tridentate near the
apex.
¢. Elytra much narrower than in the male and nearly parallel-sided, the submedian
black band of each elytron narrow and short, extending along the third costa ‘for only
about one-third of the length of the elytron from the apex. Seventh ventral plate of
Cc. J. GAHAN—COLHOPTERA. 20
O33
the abdomen notched in the middle at the apex, so as to have the appearance of being
provided with two short teeth.
Length 14-15 mm.; breadth of ¢ at base of elytra 34, at middle 8-95 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Eiliot).
This species appears to be most nearly allied to L. aspidatus Murray, agreeing with
it pretty closely in the form of the male forceps, in which, however, the terminal
curved tooth is slightly longer and more pointed. There is only one other species
of the genus known to me having a similar form of forceps*. ‘The elytra are narrower
and longer than in aspidatus, differently marked with black, and not nearly so raised
behind the middle near the suture.
Lycus MuRRaYI Bourg., var.
Lycus murrayi Bourg. Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. Lisboa, vii. p. 149 (1880).
The examples from Ruwenzori which I refer to this species constitute a slight
variety differing from the typical form in the disposition of the black colour on the
elytra; the yellow or fulvous space lying between the second and fourth cost of each
elytron extends almost up to the apical margin.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft.; Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. P.
Scott Elliot).
Lycus (Hap.o.ycus) sinuatus Dalm., var.
Lycus sinuatus | Dalm. Schénh. Syn. Ins. App. p. 28, pl. v. fig. 8 (1817).
Elytra yellow, with a small apical black spot, which is extended anteriorly along
the suture for nearly one-fourth of the length of the elytra, but becomes gradually
shorter towards the sides. In other respects this variety agrees very well with
examples of the typical form from Sierra Leone.
Length 16 mm.; breadth at shoulders 4, at middle of elytra 7 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Hilt).
Lycus (LycostoMuUs) RUNSORIENSIS, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 4.)
Black; lateral margins of the prothorax, except near the base and apex, and the
elytra entirely fulvous-red. Proboscis long. Prothorax with its sides converging
anteriorly, slightly sinuate, rounded in front. Elytra rather flat, gradually widening
* This species, LZ. inamplevus Bourg., is remarkably like ZL. ampliatus Fahr., of which at first sight it might
be taken as a variety, but the decided difference in the form of the forceps of the male (a character not
noticed by M. Bourgeois) shows that it is a good and distinct species.
+ A species very closely allied to this is the Pyrochroa proboscidea of Fabricius (Sp. Ins. i. p. 255, 1781),
the type of which, a male specimen in the Banksian Cabinet, has been figured by Olivier (Ent. ii. no. 29,
pl. i. fig. 6). This type was mistakenly supposed to be a female, and, in consequence, the species has not
hitherto been satisfactorily identified.
204 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
from the base up to about one-third of their length from the apex, then narrowed ;
rounded at the apex; each furnished with four rather feebly raised costze, interstices
subreticulate punctate; the surface covered with a very short reddish pubescence.
Forceps of male not mucronate, curved and somewhat blunt at the apex.
Length 13 mm.; breadth at base of elytra 3, at one-third from apex 45 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. One male example.
XXYLOBANUS sp.
Sides of the prothorax, the whole of the elytra, and the last joint of the antenne
yellow; all the remaining parts black. In general form and structure this species
agrees pretty closely with X. swlcicollis Murray, of which it is probably only a variety.
Length 10; breadth at base of elytra 2, at middle 3 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot). One female specimen.
METRIORRHYNCHUS sp.
A species apparently closely allied to Metriorrhynchus semifabellatus Murray, but
differing from it in having the elytra entirely yellow, the prothorax somewhat narrower
and not very distinctly carinate above.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. One male example.
Family TELEPHORID4.
'TELEPHORUS sp. :
E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft. One example.
Family MELYRIDA.
HAPALOCHRUS AMPLIPENNIS Har. Monatsb. Akad. Wissensch. Berlin, 1878, p. 220.
Ruwenzori, 5360 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
HAPALOCHRUS sp.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot).
MELYRIS MONTICOLA, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 6.)
Green and almost glabrous; antennw, palpi, and tarsi black or brownish-black ;
femora of all the legs and the cox of the anterior two pairs yellow; tibie green.
Metasternum and abdomen with a somewhat brassy lustre. Head and prothorax
reticulate-punctate, the punctures ocellate. Prothorax marked with a short groove
along the middle of the disc, carinate near each side, the carina somewhat sinuate.
Elytra broader than the prothorax, parallel-sided, more than twice as long as their
CO. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 205
width across the base, rounded at the apex, each furnished with three sharp distinct
coste, the intervals rather strongly and very densely punctured. ‘Tarsal claws with a
distinct tooth at about the middle of their length.
Length 93-10; breadth 54 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft., and Mt. Kenia district, Brit.
KE. Africa (2. Crawshay).
This species somewhat closely resembles M. nobilis Gerst., but is relatively longer
and narrower, and further distinguishable from it by the green colour of the tibiee and
the more distinct groove along the disc of the prothorax. In M. nobilis the elytra are
not more, but rather less, than twice as long as their width across the base.
Family CLERID&.
PHLa@OcCoPUS UNDULATUS Gorham, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) v. p. 72 (1900).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; Zambesia and Natal.
Family BostTRYCHIDA.
SINOXYLON RUFICORNE Fahr. Ofvers af K. Vetensk.-Ak. Férhand. 1871, p. 665.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
BosTRYCHOPLITES CORNUTA Oliv. Ent. iv. no. 77, p. 7.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
Family ELATERID&.
ALAUS TRIFASCIATUS, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 5.)
Black ; the prothorax densely covered with greyish scales, and marked with three
opaque black spots—two, rounded or suboval, on the disc in front of the middle, the
third subquadrate on the middle of the basal declivity ; elytra reddish brown, densely
covered with luteous-yellow scales, and marked each with two or three oblique sub-
parallel black bands; the shoulders and the depression around the scutellum also
black ; body beneath black, with a covering of ashy-grey scales, the last segment
fringed posteriorly with fulvous hairs; antenne, mouth-parts, and legs fulvous-brown.
Antenne rather short, scarcely extending to the middle of the prothorax; third joint
nearly twice as long as the second, and equal in length to the fourth. Prothorax a
little longer than its breadth across the middle, the sides sub-sinuate, the hind angles
divergent, not carinate, the ante-scutellar tubercle feebly raised, transversely depressed
at its base, disc evenly and not very strongly convex. Scutellum strongly and
somewhat abruptly sloped in front, horizontal and slightly transverse behind. Elytra
VOL. XIx.—PART 1. No. 28.— December, 1909. QF
206 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
striate, the striz punctate, the intervals between the striz convex ; apices sinuately
emarginate. Last ventral segment rounded at the apex in the ¢, truncate, and more
densely fringed with hairs, in the @.
Length 19-27 ; breadth 5-8 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. One male and two female
examples.
In the male specimen the third (posterior) black band on the elytra is wanting, and
the other two bands are neither so broad nor so distinct as in the females.
This species is quite distinct from any other of the genus known to me. It greatly
resembles A. merens Germ., both in general outline and in the striation of the elytra,
but is quite different in colour, and differs also in the longer third joint to the antenne,
the feebler ante-scutellar tubercle at the base of the pronotum, and the emarginate
apices to the elytra.
TETRALOBUS SUBSULCATUS Guér. Rev. Zoologique, 1847, p. 02.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; Uganda (Colonel C. Delmé Radcliffe); Entebbe
(Sir H. H. Johnston) ; occurs also at Gondokoro on the White Nile (W. FE. Reymes- Cole)
and in Abyssinia.
TETRALOBUS MysTacINUS Cand. Mon. des Elatérides, i. p. 372 (1897).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.; British East Africa, Leikipia
(Dr. J. W. Gregory); German East Africa, Mamboia; and Senegal.
‘TETRALOBUS ROTUNDIFRONS Guér. Rev. Zoologique, 1847, p. 52.
Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. ; occurs also throughout the whole of Eastern Africa
from Abyssinia to Natal,
Family TENEBRIONID&
OPATRUM sp.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot); and Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-13,000 ft.
Family LaGriip 2.
LaGRIA VILLOSA Fab.
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
LAGRIA RUGIPENNIS, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 12.)
Head and prothorax black, elytra of a dark mahogany-brown colour; legs dark
brown, abdomen yellowish. Head densely punctate. Prothorax transverse, widest at
about one-third from the apex, thence narrowed gradually towards the base, very
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA., 207
densely punctate. Elytra gradually widened from the base for nearly two-thirds of
their length, then narrowed towards the apex; the surface very distinctly wrinkled all
over, the ridges have generally a somewhat transverse direction, but are irregular in
their course and become more or less convoluted. The antenne of the male extend a
little past the base of the elytra, and the terminal joint is not longer than the
penultimate.
Length 15-16; breadth at base of elytra 54-54 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
LAGRIA spp.
Four other smaller species of Lagria were collected in the Mubuku Valley,
i. Ruwenzori.
Family MELOID &.
MeELon MonticoLa Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afrika, Coleopt. p. 256 (1897).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.; Kilimanjaro, 1500 metres, and
Usambara.
MYLABRIS AMPLECTENS Gerst. Archiv ftir Naturgesch. xxxvii. 1, p. 67; v. d. Decken’s
teisen in Ost-Afrika, iii. 2, p. 207, pl. 10. fig 9.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
My apris (Coryna) apicicornis Guér. Lefébr. Voy. en Abyssinie, p. 324, pl. 5. fig. 6
(1848).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft.; Abyssinia, British and German East Africa.
M. dorsalis Gerst. appears to me to be only a slight variety of this species, dis-
tinguished by the ferruginous-brown colour of the anterior two-thirds of the elytra.
My xasris (DECATOMA) MUBUKUENSIS, sp. n.
Black, slightly tinged with steel-blue; sparsely furnished with longish yellowish-
grey hairs; elytra marked each with two longitudinal yellow bands and two yellow
spots—one band, mid-dorsal, extends in a straight line from the base for nearly two-
thirds of the length of the elytron and is slightly expanded outwardly at its hinder
end, one of the two spots is in a line with this band and about midway between it and
the apex of the elytron; the second band runs along the outer margin of the elytron
for slightly more than half its length from the base, and the second spot is halfway
between its hinder end and the apex. Antenne black, the first five joints nitid, the
last five somewhat dull, gradually thickened, the tenth joint almost as long as the
2F 2
208 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
preceding three joints united. Head closely punctate, with a smooth, feebly raised,
median line extending from the clypeus to the occiput.
Length 10; breadth 5 mm.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
This species is apparently very nearly allied to VW. atrochalybea Mars. from Angola,
and may possibly prove to be only a variety of it.
Horta NiT1DA, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 13.)
Red; antennae, tibia, tarsi, and apical part of femora black. Head rather large,
not much narrower (including the eyes) than the front part of the prothorax; eyes
smaller and more widely separated than in other species of this genus (the space
between the upper lobes of the eyes measures in the type almost 5 mm. broad, whereas
it is not more than 2 mm. broad in specimens of the same size belonging to debyi or
africana). Prothorax widest across the base ; slightly narrowed, with its sides sinuate,
between the base and the middle; its upper surface nitid, minutely and sparsely
punctate, feebly impressed along the middle. Elytra subcoriaceous, impunctate and
very glossy.
Length 28; breadth 84 mm.
Hab. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. One female example.
This species greatly resembles H. africana Auriv. both in colour and sculpture, but
may be readily distinguished from it by the form of the prothorax and by the smaller
and more widely separated eyes.
Family CERAMBYOID &.
Subfam. PRIoNiIn.a.
MALLopon Downes Hope, Ann. Mag. N. H. xi. p. 366 (1843).
Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. Commonly distributed throughout nearly the whole of
Tropical and Southern Africa.
NoTHOPHYSIS JoHNSTONI Lameere, Prionides Trop. Africa, Faune Congo, p. 24.
(Plate VI. figs. 8 & 9.)
=Colpoderus stuhlmanni Gahan (nec Kolbe), in ‘The Uganda Protectorate, by Sir Harry
Johnston, vol. i. p. 462 (1902).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. Several examples of both sexes.
This species was founded upon a single male specimen from Entebbe in Uganda, and
was described by me as follows :—‘*‘ Mandibles long, divergent from the base to the
middle and then strongly incurved, so that when closed they circumscribe a somewhat
transversely elliptical space; they are gradually and regularly narrowed from the
middle to the apex. The antenne do not reach beyond the middle of the elytra; the
first joint is relatively as long as in C. forcipatus Hav., but somewhat thicker, and each
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 209
of the joints from the third to the tenth is gradually widened from the base to within
a short distance of the apex, being a little more prominent in front with the apical
angle rounded off; the upper face of each of these joints is sparsely punctate, the
lower furnished with an elongated fossa, which is very densely and minutely punctulate.
The prothorax has on each side a strong submedian tooth, behind which it is obliquely
and sinuately cut away towards the basal margin, the latter being much narrower
than in other species of the genus; the pronotum is smooth and almost impunctate
except in two depressed spaces near each side—one broader close to the lateral margin
in front of the submedian tooth, the other narrower close to the oblique lateral margin
behind the tooth.”
I am now able to supplement the above description by stating the differences that
characterise the female :—Antenne less than half the length of the body, not extending
beyond the basal fourth of the elytra. Mandibles shorter and stouter than in the
male and less strongly curved, the space circumscribed by them when closed being sub-
circular, and not transversely oval. Pronotum with its sides converging slightly from
the submedian tooth to the apex, the surface punctate, the punctures large, but not
close except on the anterior part. The sides of the pronotum behind the submedian
tooth are not depressed nor densely punctate as in the male, but are merely marked
with a few large sparse punctures.
Subfam. CERAMBYCINA.
XYSTROCERA DISPAR Fahr. Ofver. af K. Vetensk.-Akad. Férhandl. 1872, no. 7, p. 49.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. Occurs also throughout nearly all East Africa,
extending thence southwards to Natal.
HyYPorscurus strigosus Gyll. Schénh. Syn. Ins., App. p. 179.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; Uganda, Fort Ternan (C. S. Betton), and West
Africa.
BoLBOTRITUS BAINESI Bates, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1871, p. 375.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.; and Matabeleland.
CLyTuUS (PERISSUS) WOLLASTONI, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 7.)
Head densely covered with luteous-white pubescence, prothorax similarly covered
with luteous-white pubescence except along the middle, which is marked with a
blackish-brown velvety band; this band is ovately dilated behind the middle, graduaily
narrowed in front and abruptly constricted near the base. Elytra dark brown, with a
broad submarginal luteous-white band extending from base to apex, and a subsutural
luteous-grey band which widens out towards the base and is also widened in the
posterior third of its length. Body beneath grey. Legs dark brown. Antenne
210 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
filiform, extending to the apical fourth of the elytra. Sides of the elytra only very
slightly expanded downwards near the base. First joint of hind tarsus more than
twice as long as the second and third united.
Length 114; breadth 5 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Family LAMIID &.
DityLopERUS BALTEATUS Auriv. Archiy for Zool. i. p. 316 (1903).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15000 ft. This species occurs also in German
Fast Africa: Itumba in Usagara (Rev. A. Wood) and West Usambara (type).
The specimens from Ruwenzori agree fairly well with the description, but are all
smaller than the type described by Aurivillius, being only from 12-154 mm. in length,
as compared with the 15 mm. of the type.
‘Through an unfortunate slip of the pen, I stated when characterising the genus
Dityloderus that the tarsal claws were divergent. They are, as a matter of fact, quite
distinctly divaricate, and the claw-joints are broadly dilated near the end.
PsEUDHAMMUS MYRMIDONUM Kolbe, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1894, p. 34; id. Deuts.-Ost-Afrika,
iv. Coleopt. p. 307, pl. iv. fig. 43.
Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
_.MoNnoHAMMUS STUHLMANNI Kolbe, Stett. ent. Zeit. 1894, p. 60.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.; Upper Congo (4. Ff. &. Wollaston).
Coprops Frusca Oliv. Encycl. Méth. vii. p. 462.
- Ruwenzori (Sir H. H. Johnston).
Prosopocera (TIMORETICUS) sp.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. One female example.
STERNOTOMIS VARIABILIS Quedenf. Berl. ent. Zeit. xxv. p. 289.
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Elliot); Uganda, Zanzibar, and Congo.
STERNOTOMIS RUNSORIENSIS, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 10.)
Black, faintly covered with grey pubesceuce ; head, prothorax, and the sides of the
body beneath banded, and the elytra banded and spotted with a dense pubescence
varying from a pale greenish-white to a buff colour. The head has a median longi-
tudinal band on the front, a narrow transverse band above, and a short band or spot
below the anterior part of each eye; the upper band is sometimes interrupted at each
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA, eal
side so as to cut off a median spot. The prothorax has three narrow transverse bands—
one at the apical and one at the basal margin, the third curving sinuously across the
middle; the surface of the prothorax is somewhat rugose and marked with a few
strong punctures between the middle band and the posterior groove; the anterior area
lying in front of the anterior groove is almost quite smooth. ‘The elytra are, as com-
pared with those of other species of the genus, feebly punctate, and each has a short
longitudinal costa running at a little distance from the suture; the costa disappears
behind at about one-sixth from the apex, and becomes more or less obsolete anteriorly
in front of the middle; the markings of the elytra consist of two bands and about
twelve spots on each ; the form and disposition of the bands and spots is very much
the same as in S. consularis Har., but there is no spot at the extreme apex as in the
latter species.
Length 17-24; breadth 63-10 mm. :
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
§6000-13,000 ft.
This species can be distinguished from most others belonging to the genus by the
feebler puncturation of the elytra. S. bohemani Chevr. approaches it in this respect ;
but the latter exhibits two coste on each elytron, and the inner costa remains distinct
for a considerable distance in front of the middle.
EnTeppia BIPUNCTATA Gahan, in Johnston, Uganda Protectorate, 1. p. 463 (1902).
(Plate VI. fig. 16.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. One female specimen.
This species was originally described from the male sex only, obtained by Sir H. H.
Johnston at Entebbe in Uganda. The female differs from the male in having the
antenne only about three-fourths of the length of the body, the small, black, nitid
spots near the base of the elytra larger and more numerous but of different sizes, the
lateral and subsutural vitte of the elytra greener and more distinct, the impression on
the vertex of the head broader and somewhat differently shaped.
CEROPLESIS RETICULATA, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 11.)
Sparsely furnished with erect black hairs. Antenniferous tubercles subcontiguous.
Black with red markings. Head red on the lower part of the front, and on a band
behind each eye that extends obliquely downwards and backwards along the cheek.
Prothorax marked with a transverse red band at the base and another at the apex.
Elytra marked reticulately with red pubescence ; strongly punctured at the base, each
slightly produced and rather pointed at the apex. Body beneath greyish-black, with a
red band at each side of the metasternum. Legs greyish-black for the most part; the
femora more or less reddish, and the tibizee also reddish in the middle. Antennee of
the male from one-fifth to one-third longer than the body.
Length 20-28; breadth 6-9 mm.
212 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.,and Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—
13,000 ft.
‘This species resembles C. marmorata Reiche in being furnished with erect black hairs
and in having the elytra somewhat pointed at the apex, but differs from it by its less
closely punctured elytra, more closely approximated antennary tubercles, and its longer
antenne, the male of C. marmorata having the antenne scarcely longer than the body.
CEROPLESIS IRREGULARIS Har. Mitth. ent. Ver. Miinch. 1878, p. 49.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft.
- CEROPLESIS sIGNATA Waterh. Ann. Mag. N. H. (6) vi. p. 108 (1890).
~ Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
TITOCERES JASPIDEUS Serv. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1835, p. 34.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
PHRYNETA OBSCURA Oliv. Encycl. Méth. vii. p. 462 (1792); Entom. iv. no. 67, p. 80,
pl..8. fig. 53.
‘Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
PHRYNETOIDES FEGIA Auriv. Entom. Tidskr. 1886, p. 91.
Ruwenzcri, 6000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Elliot).
PHRYSTOLA ELLIOTI, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 18.)
Black ; body beneath, femora and tibie rather densely covered with ochreous-brown
pubescence ; head, thorax, and elytra with a somewhat similarly-coloured, but less
dense pubescence, varied on the elytra with some oblique dark brown bands, one of
which, on each side, begins at the outer margin behind the middle and extends
obliquely forwards towards the suture, near which at about the middle of the length
of the elytron it is marked with a small spot of ochreous pubescence ; antenne rather
thinly covered with grey or ochreous-grey pubescence ; tarsi grey above. Lower lobe
of each eye not so long as the cheek below it. Prothorax furnished with a very large,
glabrous, discal tubercle, which is marked with a median groove along its whole length.
Elytra rugose-granulate at the base both on the disc and at and behind the shoulders,
punctate thence up to about the middle, behind which the punctures become much
smaller and sparser, until at a short distance beyond it they almost entirely disappear.
Length 19-29; breadth 53-103 mm.
Tab, Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. L. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, KE, Ruwenzori,
6000-15,000 ft.
This species resembles P. hecphora Thoms. and P. lullifera Kolbe in the size and
form of the large discal tubercle on the prothorax, this tubercle being, however,
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 213
marked along its whole length with a distinct but not very deep median groove. It is
further distinguished from the two species mentioned by the smaller size of the eyes,
by the nearly uniform ochreous-brown tint of the pubescence that covers the ventral
side of the body, and by the greater rugosity of the base of the elytra. The pubescence
in this species seems liable to be rubbed off easily, for out of several specimens that I
have seen only one or two have retained the greater part of the pubescence, most of
the others presenting a shiny black colour and being bare of pubescence except over a
few patches generally placed at the sides of the thorax, apex of the abdomen, and at
the subsutural spot near the middle of each elytron.
PHRYNETOPSIS KOLBEI, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 14.)
Dark brown, somewhat densely covered with pubescence which is for the most part
of a greyish colour, mixed on the upperside with patches of fulvous-brown and dark
brown; head spotted in front with fulvous and dark brown; dark velvety-brown above,
marked with oblique fulvous lines, two of which converge in front to meet between
the eyes; scutellum marked with two fulvous lines; elytra marked each with three
short oblique fulvous-white lines or bands just behind the middle, the outermost
of these three bands is broader than the others and from its inner end the middle band
runs backwards and curves inwards. Prothorax with three small and somewhat acute
tubercles on the disc. Elytra more than twice as long as their conjoined width across
the base, strongly rugose-punctate for about half their length from the base along
the sides and a less length along the disc, each with a short basal crest made up of a
series of granules or small tubercles. Body beneath more uniformly grey than the
upperside; the episterna of the mesothorax marked each with a white spot bordered
on the inner side with dark brown.
This species closely resembles P. fuscicornis Chevr. (=fortificata White) in
coloration, but is less spotted with dark brown above, and but little spotted on
the ventral side and legs. It also differs in having the two outer white bands
on each elytron united with one another. ‘The chief difference, however, is in the
form of the elytra, these being relatively longer and narrower than in P. fuscicornis.
Length 26; breadth 9 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. One female example.
SOPHRONICA GRISEA Auriv, in Sjostedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedition, Coleoptera,
p. 150 (1908).
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.; Uganda, Entebbe (JZ. Rothschild) ;
and Brit. Kast Africa, Lagari (C. S. Betton).
GLENEA MONTIVAGA, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 15.)
Head and prothorax black; the head covered with greyish or greyish-white pubes-
cence on the sides and on all but the middle of the front, vertex with two closely
VOL. XIX.—ParT Il. No. 29.—December, 1909. 2G
214 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
approximated greyish-white lines; prothorax marked with three linear greyish-white
bands above, and a broader band along the lower part of each side. Scutellum
brownish or black. Elytra reddish-brown or brown, covered with a not very dense
grey pubescence, and marked with two transverse blackish-brown bands, placed one
before the middle, the other between the middle and the apex; near the apex itself
‘ is a third very faint dark brown band. Body beneath and legs black, covered densely
with grey pubescence ; the abdomen marked with a row of small subglabrous black
spots along each side. Antenne black, a little longer than the body in the male,
extending to posterior fifth of the elytra in the female. Prothorax distinctly and
somewhat thickly punctured. Elytra irregularly and rather sparsely punctured on the
disc, the punctures being larger and more thickly placed on the anterior dark band;
bicarinate along each side, the lower carina feeble and obtuse; truncate and slightly
emarginate at the apex, with the outer tooth strong and the sutural shorter. First
joint of the front and middle tarsi slightly elongated and dilated in the male; the
tarsal claws all appendiculate in the male, simple in the female.
Length 12-133; breadth 4-44 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-15,000 ft.
This species resembles (. quinquelineata Chevr. in the banding of the prothorax and
elytra, but the latter have the ground-colour almost entirely concealed by a covering of
grey pubescence, and are destitute of erect hairs, excepting a few near the apex.
GLENEA sp.
Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. Lf. Scott Elliot). One somewhat rubbed specimen.
VOLUMNIA WESTERMANNI ‘Thoms. Essai Classif. Ceramb. p. 59.
Ruwenzori, 2000 metres (Dr. FP. Stuhlmann).
NUPSERHA sp.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. L. Scott Elliot).
NUPSERHA sp.
Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot).
Dirpuya * DELECTA, sp. n. (Plate VI. fig. 17.)
Head black, with the mouth-parts (apex of mandibles excepted) and the lower border
of the gene rufous; the whole of the thorax, the basal sixth part of the elytra, the
coxve, femora, and the base of the front and middle tibie red; abdomen black, with
* The name Dirphya given to this genus by Pascoe has priority over Nitocris Thoms. by at least a few
TREES g y I J )
months (see note by Pascoe, Trans. Ent. Soc. (2) v. p. 61), and, moreover, the name WN2tocris is preoccupied
in Mollusca.
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 215
the first segment entirely and the middle of the second testaceous, densely covered with
silvery pubescence, the sides of the second segment and a transverse band, interrupted
in the middle, on the fourth segment fulvo-sericeous; antenne a little longer than the
body in the female, black, with the last four joints fulvous. Head glossy in front and
at the sides; vertex somewhat dull, thickly punctured at the borders of the eyes,
sparsely.elsewhere. Prothorax with deep anterior and posterior grooves, furnished
above, between the grooves, with fine tubercles—three on the disc and one, somewhat
oblique, at each side. Scutellum rufous, with a covering of greyish silky pubescence.
Elytra narrowed towards the middle, slightly expanded some distance beyond the
middle and then again narrowed towards the apex, the latter truncate; strongly and
somewhat thickly punctured, the punctures irregular near the base and apex, but
placed in rows along the intermediate area, six rows being distinguishable at the
median narrow part of each elytron. ‘There is a broad shallow groove or depression
along each elytron near the suture. Last ventral segment of female emarginate at the
apex, and marked with a very faint groove along the middle.
Length 24; breadth 6 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
PHYT@CIA VAGA, sp. n.
Black ; the labrum, epistome, palpi, genal edge, elytra, and the greater part of the
front legs yellowish-testaceous ; third to sixth joints of the antenne reddish-brown at
the base. Head thickly and distinctly punctured; front transverse, convex below,
slightly depressed above, marked with a feeble median groove. Prothorax parallel-
sided, slightly broader than long, densely punctate, fairly carinate along the middle.
Elytra obtusely bicarinate on each side, strongly and thickly punctured, the punctures
subseriately arranged on the disc, in a single row between the carine, and irregularly
placed on the side below the lower carina; apices truncate and slightly emarginate,
with a very short sutural tooth and a longer one at the outer angle. Tarsal claws
bifid, the inner division being almost as long as the outer one. Antenne a little
longer than the body in the male, scarcely as long as the body in the female; third
and fourth joints subequal, each a little longer than the first, fifth and succeeding
joints becoming gradually shorter and very slightly thicker. Last ventral segment
rounded at the apex in the male, narrowly emarginate and having a deep depression
in the female.
Length 83-10; breadth 2-25 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. &. Scott Elliot).
ho
Q
bo
ANG) ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family CHRYSOMELIDA.
Subfam. SaGRINz&.
SAGRA MURRAYI Baly, var. STUHLMANNI Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afrika, iv. Coleopt. p. 325,
pl. iv. fig. 51.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
Subfam. CrioceRINz.
Lema suBcastaNEA Weise (Bradylema), Archiv f. Naturg. Ixvii. p. 152 (1901).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
CRIOCERIS sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
Subfam. MrGaLoPin a.
MACROLOPHA QUADRIMACULATA, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 1.)
2. Black, with the head, the sides of the metasternum and of the first four
abdominal segments, and the greater part of the elytra brownish-red ; elytra marked
each with two yellow spots—one smaller placed laterally a little behind the shoulder,
the other occupying the middle of the posterior declivity at a short distance in front
of the apex. Head closely and rather strongly punctate above, almost impunctate
in front; clypeus with a slightly raised, triangular, rufous area in the middle, and a
membranous, yellowish border in front; labrum and mandibles blackish. Antenne
scarcely extending past the middle of the prothorax, third joint nearly as long as the
first, fourth subequal in length and thickness to the second, fifth triangular, sixth to
tenth transverse, subserrate. Prothorax transverse, strongly angulate close to the base,
narrowed in front; notum densely punctulate and covered with grey pubescence, but
having three nude glossy lines, one along the middle and one, shorter and somewhat
curved, between the middle and each side. Scutellum pubescent, punctulate ; truncate
at the apex. LElytra very closely punctured, thinly covered with short grey pubescence.
Body beneath for the most part sparsely punctate and pubescent; the pleure of the
meso- and metathorax very closely punctate, the sides also of the last three or four
segments rather densely punctate; last ventral segment with a deep transverse or
semilunar depression at the apex. Legs very closely punctulate.
Length 104; breadth 4? mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (@. #. Scott Eiliot).
This species resembles J/. murrayi Baly in general form, but differs considerably
from it in colour, puncturation, &c. The pronotum is similar in outline to that of
Cc. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. PAN
M. murrayi, but is less convex on the disc, and has the anterior and posterior grooves
less strongly marked.
? Pa@ciLomorPHA HirsuTA Jac. P. Z.S. 1898, p. 216, pl. 22. fig. 1.
Antonaria hirsuta Jac. Genera Insectorum, Megalopide, p. 8 (1905).
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot). One female specimen.
P. hirsuta was described from examples taken at Umfuli River in Mashonaland, and
as there are no females from that locality available for comparison, it is with some
doubt that I refer the specimen from Ruwenzori to this species. In this specimen
the head and prothorax are darker and less pubescent than in the male type, the
abdomen also is darker, and the legs are almost entirely black. The pygidium of the
female is much larger, and especially longer, than that of the male, and the last
ventral segment has a deep transversely oval pit or depression at the apex.
The species seems to me not altogether well-placed by Jacoby in the genus Antonaria,
the eyes being smaller and less prominent, and the head more gradually narrowed
behind than in A. murina Westw., the type of that genus; the epimera of the
prothorax are somewhat exceptional in character, since they do not meet in the middle
line as in the vast majority of the Megalopine, but remain separated, with the pro-
longed prosternum visible between them.
Subfam, CLy?TRina.
CLYTRA WAHLBERGI Lac. Mon. Phytophages, ii, p. 197 (1848).
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
Subfam. EuMOLPINE.
COLASPOSOMA CONSIMILE, sp. 1.
Oblong-ovate, varying in colour from dark metallic green to coppery brown. Last
five joints of the antenne dilated, black and opaque, the first six nitid, more or less
metallic. Prothorax thickly and rather strongly punctured. Elytra minutely and
rather closely punctured, the surface slightly aciculate or coriaceous, especially in the
female, the shoulders prominent.
Length 8-9; breadth 42-53 mm.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
i @_aimel 2) 2 2.
Nearly allied to C. fairmairet Lefév. and C. kraatzi Jac., but having the elytra
relatively a little shorter and much more finely punctured.
Subfam. CHRYSOMELINA.
PLAGIODERA THORACICA Fab. Syst. Eleuth. i. p. 426,
Ruwenzori, 2000 metres (Dr. 2. Stuhlmann).
218 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PLAGIODERA IMPOLITA Vogel, Nunquam Otiosus, i. p. 134 (1871).
Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft. (G F. Scott Hiliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-7000 ft.
Subfam. HaLricina.
Haurca pyritosa Erichs. Wiegm. Archiv fiir Nat. 1843, i. p. 266.
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot).
HIALTICA OLERACEA Linn. Syst. Nat. edit. x. p. 572.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Subfam. GALERUCINA.
ODES PALLIDIPENNIS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 2.)
Head, prothorax, body beneath, legs, and antenne black ; elytra entirely of a luteous-
white colour. Prothorax about twice as broad as it is long, sparsely and very feebly
punctate, nitid; the basal angles more or less distinct, but very obtuse, the anterior
angles acute. Scutellum triangular, acute at apex, the base and sides nearly equal in
length. lytra ovate, nitid, very finely and rather sparsely punctulate, furnished with
a tuberculiform elevation at each shoulder; epipleures short.
Length 8-10 ; breadth 33-43 mm.
flab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
This species is very distinct from all other described African species of the genus.
The only species resembling it in colour is O. jlavipennis Weise; but in that the
suture and margins of the elytra are narrowly black, the elytra are carinate at the
shoulders and dentate at the apex.
Dracantua* passetr Allard (Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, p. 318), var.
= Aulacophora pygidialis Fairm. Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1891, C. R. p. 304.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. &. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-
15,000 ft.
* The genus Diacantha, as it is here understood, is equivalent to the genus Prosmidia Weise. It corresponds
to the genus Diacantha Chevr. as defined by Chapuis in 1875 (Gen. des Coléopt. xi. p. 161), and of which
D, dregei Dej. may be taken as the type, a figure of this species having been published by Chapuis. Von
Harold in 1879 gave a different interpretation of the genus by taking as the type a species (bidentata Fab.)
which was not included in the genus either by Chevrolat or by Dejean. LReiche also (1847) assigned
characters to the genus, but they were of scarcely more value for its identification than those originally given
by Chevrolat in 1844 (D’Orbigny, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. iv. p. 718). I find it necessary to give this
explanation, because, although the facts have already been pointed out by Jacoby, Herr Weise still persists in
giving the name Diacantha to the genus erroneously so named by Harold and which was described by
Chapuis in 1879 under the name of Hyperacantha.
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 219
Diacantua PAsseTi Allard, var.
= Prosmidia suturalis Jac. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1908, p. 521.
Ruwenzori, 5300-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot). ‘This variety, distinguished by the
reduction of the black coloration of the elytra to a narrow sutural and a narrow
marginal band, was obtained also by M. Maurice Rothschild at Malo, in British East
Africa, and by Mr. C. 8. Betton at Lagari. The examples from Lagari include colour-
forms intermediate between suturalis and pygidialis.
DIACANTHA VICINA, Sp. 1.
3. Head (a transverse testaceous spot on the vertex excepted), prothorax, scutellum,
body beneath, and legs black; antennz brownish-black, with the first three joints
testaceous yellow; elytra purplish, with an elevated basal area on each yellowish.
Pronotum with a transverse impression on each side near the middle, and with a
narrow transverse elevation a little in front of the basal margin; this elevation has a
rather sharp posterior edge, and at the middle is continued backwards to the base, its
entire edge being somewhat of this shape: L_1. Scutellum slightly concave, glossy,
in the form of an equilateral triangle. Elytra distinctly and very closely punctate,
except on the basal prominence ; this is almost impunctate and bears only a single
tubercle. ‘The first abdominal segment has a rounded piligerous pit in the middle,
and the last segment a concave depression along the middle.
Length 83; breadth 4 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. One example.
This species resembles J. distincta Gahan in the puncturation of the elytra. In
the single specimen taken the elytra, except at the base, are of a reddish-purple tint,
but I believe that this colour is a sign of immaturity, and that the normal colour will
prove to be the same as in D. distincta, viz. metallic blue. From D. distincta Gahan
and D. amena Weise (the latter appears to me to be only a slight colour-variety of the
former) it differs in the black colour of the prothorax and scutellum, in the form of
the basal elevation on the pronotum, the larger size of the scutelium, and in having
only a single tubercle at the base of each elytron. In WY. distincta there is, in
addition to the anterior tubercle at the summit of the basa] prominence, another small
tubercle placed almost on the suture just behind the scutellum.
DIACANTHA NIGRONOTATA, sp. n. (Plate VII. figs. 3 & 4, var.)
Head, prothorax, and elytra reddish-yellow, the latter with one or two small round
black spots on each before the middle, and having also the apical margin, together
with the sutural and lateral margins in their posterior half, black; antennee black,
with the first two or three joints fulvyous; body beneath and legs black; abdomen
yellowish at the margins and over the whole of the dorsal side. Antenne rather
220 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
slender, extending to the middle of the elytra in the female and to the posterior third
in the male; elytra minutely and sparsely punctulate, glossy.
$. Pronotum with a reniform depression near the base, in the sinus of which,
facing the scutellum, is a small triangular tubercle or elevation. Scutellum triangular,
glossy, not overlapped by any process of the pronotum, somewhat similar in size and
shape to that of the female, but of a yellowish colour. Elytra elevated near the base
on each side of the scutellum, each having there three small anteriorly projecting
tubercles or prominences. First abdominal segment with a round piligerous pit, the
last segment with a slightly concave median lobe.
¢. Pronotum and elytra normal; scutellum black.
Length 8-9; breadth 33 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-7000 ft.
Var.—FElytra with the apical half (excepting a large rounded preapical spot on each)
black, the black area being extended forwards a little more at the suture and sides
than it is in the middle.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., and Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—
7000 ft.; British East Africa (CL S. Betton).
AULACOPHORA FISSICOLLIS ‘Thoms., var.
Ruwenzori (G. I’. Scott Elliot).
? HYPERACANTHA MIMULA Weise (Diacantha), Deuts. ent. Zeit. 1903, p. 43.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
This species was based upon examples from Kamerun in West Africa. The
specimens from Ruwenzori agree in size and coloration with the described form and
its variety, except that the antenne are in the majority of the specimens yellowish-
white with the last joint only dark brown, and the legs are sometimes wholly or in
part black. The last ventral segment is regularly rounded at the apex in the female,
thus differing slightly from the outline figured for the type by Herr Weise (J. ¢. pl. 1.
tig. 39).
BONESIA MONTANA, Sp. 0.
Testaceous-yellow ; the elytra exhibiting the following variations in colour :—
(1) basal half black, the rest testaceous-yellow ; (2) basal half black, but enclosing on
each elytron a rather large rounded yellow spot, the apical half testaceous-yellow ;
(3) differing from second by the addition of a dark pitchy-brown patch near the
apex and a dark band along the side uniting this patch with the black basal area;
body beneath testaceous, the sides of the breast, and sometimes also of the anterior
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 221
abdominal segments, black; legs sometimes testaceous, sometimes almost entirely
pitchy. Prothorax sparsely and feebly punctate. Elytra distinctly but rather finely
and not very densely punctured.
Length 9-10 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 5600-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
In size and form this species comes very near B. murrayi Baly (Hthonea), a common
West African species ; it differs, however, in having the elytra less strongly and less
closely punctured, while the coloration of the elytra, though variable, is not quite like
that of any of the described varieties of B. murrayt. Aithonea Baly is not generically
distinct from Bonesia Baly, the difference mentioned by Baly as separating the two
genera being one of a sexual character. B. clarki Baly, the type of Bonesia, was
founded upon female specimens, whereas 4. murrayt Baly, the type of Mthonea, was
based upon male examples only. ‘These two species are very closely allied, and the
only structural differences between them that I can find are that in B. clarki the
antennee of the female are somewhat more thickened towards the apex, the elytra less
strongly punctured, and the acetabula of the front coxe more distinctly open behind.
In the male type of B. murrayt Baly the antenne are scarcely longer than half the
body, and are therefore not “nearly as long as the body,” as stated by Baly ; Athonea
variabilis Jacoby is certainly identical with this species, which is itself in all probability
identical with B. quinguepunctata Klug (Galleruca).
AGELASTICA AFRICANA Jac. (Morphospheroides) Stett. ent. Zeit. 1903, p. 318.
Black ; elytra yellowish-white ; prothorax pale yellow, marked above with black
spots or sometimes entirely black. Head impunctate, the front marked with a
median sulcus; epistome yellow, submembranous, very short; labrum transverse,
subsinuately emarginate in front; last two joints together of the maxillary palpi ovate
in form. Antenne extending about to the middle of the elytra; first three joints
nitid, the third about half as long again as the second; fourth to tenth somewhat
dilated, pubescent, and dull. Prothorax about twice as broad as long, very glossy
above, convex in the middle, and there almost impunctate, marked near each side with
a somewhat curved longitudinal impression, between which and the slightly reflexed
lateral edge there is a slight elevation. Scutellum in the form of a triangle with
curved sides and obtuse apex. LElytra strongly and somewhat closely punctured.
Body beneath and legs nitid, very sparsely pubescent. First joint of hind tarsi as long
as the next two joints united.
Length 8-9 ; breadth 4—4:2 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
The three specimens of this species that I have for examination differ from each
other in the colour of the prothorax. In one the prothorax is yellowish-white, with
VOL. XIX.—PART 11. No. 30.—December, 1909. 2H
22,2 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
the prosternum and five spots above black ; four of the spots lie in a transverse row,
two large ones on the disc and a small one near each side; the fifth is a small spot
placed on the middle line near the base. In the second specimen the prothorax is
wholly black beneath, while above the lateral spots are enlarged and have coalesced
with the discal spots, the medio-basal black spot remaining small and distinct. In
the third specimen the prothorax is entirely black.
AULAMORPHUS VARIABILIS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 5.)
Head, prothorax, and elytra yellow, spotted or banded with bluish-black ; body
beneath (head and prothorax excepted) and legs black; antennze blackish-brown.
Head with a transverse impression on the vertex between the eyes, and marked also
with a median longitudinal groove; occiput marked with three small black spots, the
median one of which sometimes extends forwards to join one or two transverse black
spots in the depression between the eyes. Prothorax somewhat sparsely and not very
strongly punctured, having a feeble and nearly obsolete transverse groove or depression
on each side of the disc, and marked with three black spots, two anterior and oblique
or subtriangular, the third a small round spot placed just behind the middle of the
disc. Scutellum black. Elytra rather feebly and not thickly punctured, somewhat
variable in their markings; these may consist of: (1) two black spots at the base of
each elytron—one spot rounded or subquadrate on the disc, the other lateral and
longitudinal, extending back from just behind the shoulder; (2) two black spots at
the base, as in the preceding form, and a third, rounded spot placed near the side
about halfway between the middle and the apex; or (3) a transverse black band
crossing the whole width of the elytra at the base, and extending for almost a third
of their length from the base along the disc, and a somewhat longer distance at the
sides.
Length 6-63; breadth 3 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
From A. hollisi Jac., the type of the genus, the present species differs not only in its
markings, but also in being much less closely and strongly punctured on the prothorax
and elytra, in having only a feeble groove or depression on each side of the pronotum,
the antenne scarcely thickened towards the apex and their third very little longer
than their second joints.
The characters of the genus Awlacopus, as given by Jacoby, are in one respect
erroneous. ‘The front coxal cavities are open behind, not closed as stated by Jacoby.
HEMIPHRACTA JACOBYI, sp. n.
@. Head, antenne, pronotum, scutellum, and legs (the basal half of the femora
excepted) black; pronotum margined at base and apex with testaceous; elytra
brownish-testaceous; body beneath and base of femora reddish-testaceous. Head,
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 223
pronotum, and scutellum very densely finely punctate, clothed with greyish pubescence.
Antenne extending a little past the shoulders. Pronotum marked with a median
groove along the middle, and a transverse depression towards each side; subangulate
at the middle of each side, sides thence converging towards base and apex. LElytra
strongly, very closely punctate. Last ventral segment has a narrow median longitudinal
depression on apical third or fourth. ‘Tibia rather feebly carinate along outer face,
but not sulcate each side of carina.
Length 123; breadth 5 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
This species has a very close resemblance to Hemiphracta lurida Allard, but is
larger; the antennz of the female are relatively longer, extending as they do some
distance past the base of the prothorax ; the pronotum is marked with a distinct median
longitudinal impression reaching from base to apex; the last ventral segment has a
narrow median impression along the apical third or fourth part; the prothorax has
a distinct lateral margin along nearly the whole length of each side.
Mowouepta (CANDEZEA) PALLIDA, sp. n.
Pale yellow ; antenne, labrum, palpi, scutellum, body beneath (prothorax excepted),
and legs black. Antenne: nearly as long as the body, third joint almost twice as long
as the second, fourth about equal in length to second and third united. Prothorax
feebly and somewhat sparsely punctate. Elytra as feebly but a little more thickly
punctured; each in the male impressed anteriorly near the suture with a faint
longitudinal and slightly oblique groove. Last ventral segment of male with an
incision on each side; the mediar lobe which is thus formed is depressed in the
middle. First joint of hind tarsus nearly twice as long as the second and third
united.
Length 5-54 mm.
Hab. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Elliot).
MoNOLEPTA (CANDEZEA) VICINA, sp. 0.
Very like the preceding species, but distinguishable from it by the following
characters :—Head and prothorax of a fulvous-red, instead of pale yellow colour;
first joint of antenne fulvous-red ; prothorax more distinctly and much more thickly
punctulate.
Length 5-54 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Female examples only of this species were obtained.
MownoLepra aprcauis Sahlb. Species Insect. p. 65, pl. 4. fig. 1 (1823).
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
2H 2
224 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PLATYXANTHA LUKUNGUENSIS Jac. P. Z.S. 1899, p. 371.
Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (@. F. Scott Elliot). Taken also by Mr. Scott Elliot on the
road from Salt Lake to Wawamba Co.
PLATYXANTHA sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
A species very similar to the preceding one, but of nearly twice its size.
PLATYXANTHA USAMBARICA Weise (J/imastroides), Archiv fiir Naturg. 1902, p. 158.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-13,000 ft.
This species, represented by three examples (2 ¢ and 1 @ ), is provisionally placed
in the genus Platyxantha with the object of indicating the group to which I believe
it belongs. The acetabula of the front coxe are completely closed in behind by the
extension inwards of the epimera to meet the feebly dilated end of the prosternum,
the tibiz are all unarmed, and the epipleures of the elytra are distinct and rather
broad near the base, but become gradually narrower posteriorly, and disappear entirely
at the beginning of the apical border; the pronotum is without a transverse groove or
depression, the species in this respect differing from the more typical forms of
Platyxantha. In the male the antenne are slightly longer and thicker than in the
female, and are rather densely covered with short erect pubescence; the last ventral
segment in the same sex is feebly emarginate at the apex.
Two other species nearly allied to this one, and represented each by a single example,
were also obtained in the Mubuku Valley, East Ruwenzori, alt. 6000-7000 ft.
Subfam. CassiDINé.
AsPIDOMORPHA MuUTATA Boh. Mon. Cassid. ii. p. 311.
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. 2. Scott Elliot); West Africa and Natal.
ASPIDOMORPHA PALLEAGO Boh. Mon. Cassid. ii. p. 247.
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. (G. F. Scott Hiliot); Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori,
6000-13,000 ft.; Uganda, Mashonaland, Angola, and Caffraria.
ASPIDOMORPHA SILACEA, Boh. Mon. Cassid. ii. p. 277.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.; Ruwenzori, 5300 ft. (G. F. Scott
Eiltiot).
LAcCOPTERA ATRATA Spaeth, Verh. der k.-k. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1905, p. 115.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.; Ruwenzori, 1000-8000 ft. (@. F.
Scott Hiliot).
C. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA. 225
The single specimen taken by Mr. Scott Elliot differs from the others in having
the prothorax entirely testaceous above and at the sides beneath, but I cannot find
that it differs in any other respect.
Family BRENTHID &.
ALLAGOGUS, gen. n. (Taphroderine).
Head scarcely broader than the anterior part of the prothorax, short and parallel-
sided behind the eyes, truncate behind and furnished with a bulbiform neck; rostrum
as long as, or longer than, the head, narrowed at the insertion of the antenne, and
again widened towards the apex, which is broadly rounded. Antenne somewhat short,
11-jointed, the last three joints longer than the others. Prothorax ovate, convex,
anteriorly narrowed and laterally compressed, furnished at the base with a median,
backwardly projecting, subconical process which fits into a deep depression at the base
of the elytra. Elytra slightly narrower and not much longer than the prothorax,
narrowly costate, strongly convex, declivous behind, rounded at the apex. Front
femora laterally compressed, subovate ; middle ones subclavate ; hind femora pedun-
culate and abruptly clavate, extending past the apex of the elytra by the whole length
of the club, the latter strongly thickened or subtuberculate on the inner side; hind
tibie somewhat dilated; first joint of hind tarsus as long as the second and third
united.
This genus ought, I think, to be placed near Cyphagogus Parry, to which it
has much resemblance, especially in the form of the legs, although the hind tarsi are
narrower and longer, with the first joint as long at least as the next two united. The
head is shorter than in Cyphagogus, and not narrowed behind the eyes, until the
constriction is reached, where the bulbiform neck begins. The basal process of the
prothorax distinguishes the genus from all other Brenthide known to me.
ALLAGOGUS BRUNNEUS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 12.)
Reddish-brown. Head sparsely furnished with some short hairs above and longer
ones beneath, impressed above with a nearly obsolete median groove. Antenne with
the joints from the third flattened ; third subtriangular, longer than broad; fourth to
eighth transverse, nearly twice as broad as long; ninth very slightly transverse ; terth
longer than broad ; these two joints are flattened above, but are thickened near ‘he
apex beneath, and appear somewhat deformed when seen from the side; eleventh joint
narrower than tenth, obtusely pointed at the apex. Prothorax nitid, marked with a
rather fine groove along the middle, and with a transverse groove or depression,
followed behind by a small transverse ridge or elevation, near the front margin; it is
furnished on each side with some sparse, erect, squamiform setw. The elytra have each
226 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
about 8 longitudinal costa, the canaliculate intervals between which are somewhat
indistinctly punctate.
Length 8; breadth 15 mm.
Hab. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
CEOCEPHALUS PIcIPES Oliv. Entom. v. no. 84, p. 442, pl. 2. fig. 18.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
Family ScoLYTID&.
. CROSSOTARSUS sp.
. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
GUY A. K. MARSHALL—COLEOPTERA. 227
Part IV.
By Guy A. K. Marsnatt, F.Z.8.
Family CURCULIONID&.
PLATYOMICUS sp.
Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft.
Three specimens were found by Mr. Scott Elliot.
Buosyrus HAROLDI Hartmann, Deutsche ent. Zeits. 1904, p. 369.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
The species was described from Usambara.
BLOSYRUS SEMINITIDUS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 13.)
Niger, nudus, elytris nitidis in parte apicali tantum dense cervino-squamosis,
metasterno et abdomine cervino-squamosis, hoc in medio versus apicem denudato.
Caput in medio late et profunde impressum et utrinque impressione minus profunda ;
oculi prominentes, subpedunculati. Rostrum latius quam longius, parallelum,
supra in medio leviter impressum et tenuiter carinatum, in utroque latere sulco
longitudinali minus profundo instructum. Antenne nigre, nude, parce setose,
funiculi articulo secundo quam primo paulo longiore. Prothorax transversus,
lateribus valde ampliatis, ante medium latior, basi truncato quam apice paulo
latiore, supra ineequaliter rugoso-tuberculatus, in medio carina levi humili postice
abbreviata instructus. H/ytra subquadrata, ab angulo basali ad humeros oblique
ampliata, humeris tuberculato-angulatis, lateribus ad declivitatem fere parallelis,
punctato-striata, in parte squamosa striis distinctis, in parte nitida striis et punctis
juxta-suturalibus et juxta-marginalibus tantum distinctis, aliis plus minus
obliteratis, interstitiis alternis vix magis elevatis, 4 et 6 tuberculis parvis obtusis
ad summam declivitatem instructis, 5 in declivitate ipsa tuberculo valido armato.
Pedes nigri, sparse squamosi, femoribus in parte basali nudis.
Long. 7-74, lat. 44-44 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
AMPHITMETUS LEGGEI, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 15.)
Niger aut rufo-brunneus, squamulis ochraceis valde sparsis ad apicem confertioribus
indutus, in angulo externo metasterni macula parva cupreo-micante.
Caput rugoso-punctatum, inter oculos foveatum, oculis prominentibus. Rostrum
paulo longius quam latius, a basi ad medium gradatim attenuatum, ad apicem
vero dilatatum, supra planum rugoso-punctatum leviter carinatum. Antenne
scapo marginem prothoracis superante, punctato et longe setoso, funiculi articulo
228 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
9
1° quam 2° longiore, 3°-6™ zqualibus, 7° paulo longiore. Prothorax perpaulum
latior quam longior, lateribus leviter rotundatus, in medio latior, margine basali
truncato quam apice paulo latiore, supra leviter convexus, confertim granulatus.
Elytra ad basin conjunctim sinuata, ab angulo externo ad humerum oblique et
longe ampliata, ab humero obtuse rotundato usque ad apicem fortiter attenuata,
supra subdeplanata, ad suturam paulo convexa, ad latera abrupte inflexa, leviter
10-striata, striis regulariter granulatis, granulis in striis et in interstitiis equalibus,
interstitiis latis planis undique irregulariter granulatis, setis minutis depressis.
Pedes ferruginei aut rufo-brunnei, longe setosi et scabrosi, tibiis interne spinis
4—6 armatis.
Long. 9-93, lat. 44-5 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-15,000 ft.
Described from two examples, apparently ¢ and 2, but without external differences
except the slightly greater width of the @.
AMPHITMETUS PLANICOLLIS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 17.)
Niger, omnino nudus, margine posteriore metasterni ante coxas posticas squamis
elongatis albis fimbriato.
A. legge simillimus, differt rostro non carinato, basi parallelo; prothorace non
latiore quam longiore, a basi ad medium parallelo, dein ad apicem gradatim
curvato angustato, in disco late sed parum profunde impresso; elytris granulis
in striis majoribus, illis in interstitiis confertioribus; metasterno inter coxas
medias obtuse tuberculato.
Long. 10, lat. 55 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
Described from a single specimen, which in all its other characters agrees with
A, legget.
Tam not acquainted with A. transversus, Kolbe, the type species, and the only one
as yet described. But the species here defined agree entirely with the generic
characters given by Kolbe, except as regards the mesosternal tubercle. In A. trans-
versus this is stated to be prominent and acute; in A. leggei it is absent ; while in
A, planicollis it is in an intermediate condition, being small and blunt *. Apart from
* A third species referable to this genus may here be described :—
A. foveipennis, sp. nov.—Rufo-brunneus, omnino nudus, macula parva cupreo-virescente in angulo postico
externo metasterni. Caput, rostrum, antenne, prothorax omnino ut in A. planicolle. Elytra ad
humeros minus dilatata, postice magis gradatim attenuata, supra convexiora, striis foveis profundis obsitis,
interstitiis quam striis non latioribus, indistincte granulatis et rugosis, setis minutis sparsis, apicem
versus paulo longioribus. Pedes flavo-testacei, femoribus et tibiis ad apicem ipsum tarsisque totis nigris.
Long. ¢ 9-94, 9 93-10; lat. g 43-43, 9 5-53 mm.—British East Africa: Lagari (C. S. Betton).
Types 3 2 in the British Museum. (Plate VII. fig. 16.)
GUY A. K. MARSHALL—COLEOPTERA. 229
its green and yellow scaling, Dr. Kolbe’s species (Stuhlmann’s ‘ Ost-Afrika,’ Zool.
iv. p. 270, pl. ii. f. 54) may be distinguished from all those here described
by the continuous furrow on the rostrum and forehead, and by the deep sulci
on the elytra, which dorsally contain neither punctures nor granules, but are
punctate laterally.
APOTMETUS, gen. n.
Rostrum antice gradatim dilatatum, a capite sutura angulata profunda separatum,
area dorsali subparallela; scrobes insuper visibiles, deorsum effusi. Antenne
scapo marginem anticum prothoracis evidenter superante, funiculi articulo 2°
quam 1° perpaululum longiore, 3° longiore quam 4°, 4°-6™ equalibus, 7° vix
longiore. Prothorax antice posticeque truncatus. LElytra ovata, postice rotundata,
striis 10 vix perspiciendis. Pedes longi, femoribus posticis abdominis apicem
fere attingentibus, tibiis scabrosis interne spinis 2-3 armatis, tarsis latis, articulo
secundo valde transverso. Abdomen articulo primo postice sinuato, secundo
vix breviore quam 3+4, Episternum metasternale angustum, sutura postice
evanescente. Mesosternum inter coxas obtuse tuberculatum.
This genus is nearly allied to Amphitmetus Kolbe (Arch. f. Naturg. 1898, p. 251)
and Paraplesius Hartmann (Deut. ent. Zeit. 1904, p. 376), on account of the
reduction of the episternal suture of the metasternum, the subparallel dorsal area of
the rostrum, and the 10 striz on the elytra. Amphitmetus differs in having the first
joint of the funicle longer than the second, the dilatation at the apex of the restrum
is abrupt and not gradual, the rostrum is not separated from the head by a deep
suture, and the second joint of the posterior tarsi is not transverse.
Paraplesius, which I know by description only, differs in having longer antenne, so
that the scape reaches the middle of the prothorax, the rostrum is not separated from
the head by a furrow, joints 3-7 of the funicle are all equal, and the scrobe reaches
the middle of the eye.
APOTMETUS MONTANUS, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 18.)
Niger, opacus nudus, mesosterno et lateribus metasterni plus minus albo-squamosis.
Caput transversum, planum, striolato-punctatum, fronte foveola elongata insculpta ;
oculi fere circulares modice prominuli. ostrwm capite paulo longius, gradatim ad
apicem dilatatum, supra planum striolato-punctatum, linea media levi. Antenne
nigre, albo-setose, scapo rugoso-punctato. Prothorax paulo latior quam longior,
a basi ultra medium parallelus, dein ad apicem curvato-angustatus, supra late sed
leviter impressus, sulco medio minime profundo instructus, coriaceus cum granulis
sparsis valde depressis. lytra ovata, ad basin conjunctim sinuata, humeris vix
ullis oblique rotundatis, paulo pone basin Jatiora, dein postice attenuata, ad apicem
VOL. XIX.—PaRT 11. No. 31.—December, 1909 21
230 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
conjunctim rotundata, supra minime convexa, vix striata, punctis distantibus
minime profundis in seriebus decem in singulo dispositis, interstitiis latis planis
egranulis parvis irregulariter obsitis, setis minutis albis sparsis. Pedes rufo-
brunnei albo-setosi, tarsis et tibiarum femorumque apicibus nigris.
Long. 72, lat. 4 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Described from a single g specimen. ‘The abdomen is covered with fairly large
and close granules, those on the metasternum being much smaller and more
scattered.
SYSTATES sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. A single specimen.
SYSTATES sp.
Another unique specimen from the same locality.
Lixvs BIDENTATUS Kolbe, Ent. Nachr. xxiv. 1898, p. 150.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Lrxus piscoLor Bohem., Schénh. Gen. Curcul. iii. p. 97.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. A single example.
Lixus BirovEatus Chevr., var., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxv. 1881, p. 89.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.
LIXUS RUNZORIENSIS, sp. 0.
Niger, elytris vitta laterali albo-pubescente in interstitiis 6-8 et in laterem thoracis
continuata ornatis (exempla detrita).
Caput tenuissime punctatum, in fronte fovea profunda instructum, pone oculos et
in gula fortiter transversim plicatum; oculi angusti elongati, margine postico
breviter ciliato. Rostrum quam prothorax vix brevius, cylindricum, leviter
curvatum, subtiliter punctulatum, in parte basali tenuissime striolatum, apicem
versus nitidum, inter antennas breviter striatum. Prothorax conicus, vix longior
quam ad basin latior, lateribus rectis, ad apicem non constrictis, supra coriaceus,
plus minus oblique plicatus, latera versus nitidior et leviter impressus, in medio
basi sulco abbreviato instructus, margine apicali post oculos vix lobata. lytra
in 6 cylindrica, in @ latiora et pone medium perpaulum ampliata, ad apicem
conjunctim rotundata, circa scutellum leviter impressa ibique interstitiis non
calloso-elevatis, fortiter striato-punctata, punctis postice non obsoletis, interstitiis
latis subplanis tenuissime punctatis, stria externa in tertia parte basali late et
GUY A. K. MARSHALL—COLEOPTERA. 23)
profunde sulcata. Pedes eclongati tenues, femoribus inermibus, anticis pone
sinum apicalem subangulatis.
Long. ¢ 13, 2 154-16; lat. ¢ 33, 9 54-54 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Described from 1 ¢ and 3 @ specimens.
Lixus coarcratus Klug, var., Abhandl. Akad. Wissens. Berlin, i. 1833, p. 198;
Kolbe, Deuts.-Ost-Afrika, 1897, p. 276.
This species is found from Senegambia to Madagascar.
LIxus sp.
Mubuku Valley, EH. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft. Unique.
LIXUS sp.
A single specimen was found by Mr. Scott Elliot on Ruwenzori between 6000 and
8000 ft. altitude.
LIXUS sp.
Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft. Another single specimen also found by Mr. Scott Elliot.
ALCIDES DENTIPES Fabr. Ent. Syst. i. 2, p. 428.
A single example was found on Ruwenzori by Mr. Scott Elliot. The species is
found also in West Africa and the Transvaal.
ALCIDES OLIVACEUS Gerst. Monatsb. Berl. Akad. 1855, p. 85; Peters, Reise, 1862,
p. 313, pl. 18. fig. 13.
Three specimens were collected on Ruwenzori by Mr. Scott Hiliot at 7000-8000 ft.
ALCIDES spp.
Seven species are represented by single specimens, all collected in the Mubuku
Valley, E. Ruwenzori, between 6000 and 13,000 ft., and all in bad condition.
ITHYPHORUS sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. Unique
ORYPTORRHYNCHUS sp.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft. Unique.
DisoDONTOGENUS, gen. n. (Calandrine).
Rostrum longum deflexum valde curvatum, ad basin paulo incrassatum, in ¢
brevius et minus curvatum, scrobibus subinferioribus foveiformibus juxta basin
Di ®
424124
232, ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
positis, mento parvo, submenti pedunculo elongato, in ¢g ad apicem simpliciter
sinuato, sed in ? dentibus duobus prominentibus armato. Antenne scapo quam
funiculo vix longiore, funiculi articulo 1° quam 2° crassiore et paululum breviore,
3°-6™ subeequalibus fortiter transversis, clava subovata, parte apicali spongiosa
magna. Oculi nec supra nec infra approximati. Prothorax elytris non angustior,
ad basin simpliciter rotundatus, prope apicem fortissime strangulatus, margine
gulari truncato et fimbriato. Scutellum parvum, triangulare. Elytra ad basin
conjunctim sinuata, ab humeris gradatim angustata, longitudinaliter convexa,
margine laterali vix sinuato, regulariter 9-striata. Mesosternum epimero non
ascendente sed supra oblique truncato, episterni margine interno bene definito.
Metasternum quam coxis mediis paulo tantum longius, episterno comparate
angusto. Pygidium detectum. Pedes elongati, coxis anterioribus separatis,
femoribus leviter clavatis, tibiis compressis, interne subsinuatis et apice mucro-
natis.
Type, D. wollastoni, sp. n.
A somewhat isolated genus which, in Lacordaire’s arrangement, would come next to
Sphenophorus Schonh.
DISODONTOGENUS WOLLASTONI, sp. n. (Plate VII. fig. 19.)
Niger, indumento brunneo vestitus, setulis minutissimis remote obsitus.
Caput nudum, vix punctatum, fronte tantum brunneo-squamosa, gula fovea longi-
tudinali impressa. Rostrum subparallelum, supra basin versus leviter bisulcatum,
in 3g undique indumento vestitum et supra ruguloso-punctatum, in @ ad basin
tantum squamosum, alibi nudum nitidum vix punctatum. Antenne nigre,
brunneo-squamose, clava in parte basali nuda nitida. Prothorax paulum Jongior
quam latior, lateribus leviter rotundatis, maxime latitudine post medium, prope
apicem profundissime constrictus, margine apicali leviter sinuato, supra ineequalis,
in medio disci subpulvinatus et in utroque latere impressus, undique ruguloso-
punctatus. lytra sine tuberculo humerali, ab angulo basali gradatim angustata,
nec thorace latiora, tenuiter striata, striis vix punctatis, interstitiis latis planis,
supra ineequalia, irregulariter impressa et subnodosa. Pedes dense brunneo-
squamosi, setis brevibus sparse obsiti.
Long. 12-123, lat. 43-42 mm.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-13,000 ft.
Described from 1 ¢ and 2 @ specimens,
PLATE VI
Fig.
Cc. J. GAHAN—COLEOPTERA.
PLATE VI.
. Lycus vittatus Gahan, 3
,, (Acantholycus) modestus Gahan, ¢ lp 202.
; g
9 ” 99 bd
, (Lycostomus) runsoriensis Gahan, ¢-, p. 203.
. Alaus trifasciatus Gahan, p. 205.
. Melyris monticola Gahan, p. 204.
. Clytus (Perissus) wollastont Gahan, p. 209.
. Nothophysis johnstont Lameere, : |p. 208.
bb) 29 ”
. Sternotomis runsoriensis Gahan, p. 210.
. Ceroplesis reticulata Gahan, p. 211.
. Lagria rugipennis Gahan, p. 206.
. Horia nitida Gahan, p. 208.
. Phrynetopsis kolbei Gahan
. Glenea montivaga Gahan
. Entebbia bipunctata Gahan, ¢, p. 211.
. Dirphya delecta Gahan, p. 214.
. Phrystola elliott Gahan, p. 212.
\p. 213.
Trans, Loot Soc Vol XIXLE, V1
Horace Knight del.et lith. West, Newman chromo.
COLEOPTERA FROM MT RUWENZORI.
uh
b .
i)
G. J. ARROW AND OTHERS—COLEOPTERA,.
PLATE VII.
Vig. 1. Macrolopha quadrimaculata Gahan, p. 216.
. Oides pallidipennis Gahan, p. 218.
. Diacantha nigronotata Gahan
of % var.
Aulamorphus variabilis Gahan, p. 222.
. Epilachna serva Arrow, p. 198.
. Adoretus flavovittatus Arrow, p. 190.
Agrilus continuatus Waterh., p. 201.
. Glycyphana (Gametis) tigrina Arrow, p. 193.
. Epilachna gemmipera a p. 199.
me lucifera Arrow
2. Allagogus brunneus Gahan, p. 22:
. Blosyrus seminitidus Mshl., p. 2:
. Epilachna nympha Arrow, p. 199.
. Amphitmetus leggei Mshl., p. 227.
16. o oveipennis Mshl. j
JE Lp. 228.
229.
\p. 219.
NIaOorR NW
il eae Le!
wobdb HH Ooo ®
=
pe
©
—_
Oo
a
wo I
a planicollis Mshl.
. Apotmetus montanus Mshl., p.
. Disodontogenus wollastoni Mshl., p. 232.
—
ie)
Srand, Look Soc Vol XIX GE Vil
Horace Knight del.et lith. West, Newman chromo.
COLEOPTERA FROM M? RUWENZORI.
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RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
15. PISCES, BATRACHIA, and REPTILIA.
By G. A. Boutencer, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S.
Received October 24, read November 17, 1908.
[Prates VIII. & IX.*]
PISCES.
ONLY one species of Fish, the widely distributed Zilapia nilotica, L., was known
from Ruwenzori, where specimens were found, between 5000 and 6000 feet, by
Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot. The same fish was obtained to the S.E., at 3200 feet altitude,
by Mr. R. B. Woosnam, the leader of the present Expedition. Examples of two species
were obtained near Fort Portal, alt. 4500 feet, viz. Clarias carsonii Blgr. and Barbus
portali Blgr., the latter being a new species which I have described and figured in the
‘Fishes of the Nile. From Irumu, in the Congo Forest, alt. 3000 feet, we have
examples of five species: Alestes macrophthalmus Gthr., A. grandisquamis Bler.,
A. imberi Peters, Barbus holotenia Blgr., and Barilius ubangensis Pellegr. A small
collection made in the Aruwimi River contains representatives of ten species:
Pellonula obtusirostris Blgr., Bryconethiops microstoma Gthr., Petersius woosnan Blgr.,
Micralestes acutidens Peters, Labeo parvus Blgr., Barilius ubangensis Pellegr.,
Chelethiops elongatus Blgr., Eutropius grenfelli Blgr., Synodontis greshoffi Schilth.,
and Mastacembelus congicus Blgr.
Pellonula obtustrostris and Petersius woosnami have been described and figured in
the first volume of the British Museum Catalogue of African Fresh-water Fishes.
Family CLUPEID &.
1. PELLONULA OBTUSIROSTRIS Blegr.
Bouleng. Cat. Afr. F. Fish. i. p. 158, fig. 126 (1909).
Depth of body equal to length of head, 44 to 43 times in total length. Snout
obtusely pointed, projecting very slightly beyond the lower jaw, not quite as long as
the eye, which is three times in the length of the head and slightly exceeds the inter-
orbital width ; adipose lid feebly developed ; maxillary extending to below the anterior
third of the eye; no strongly enlarged teeth. Gill-rakers slender, shorter than the
branchial lamelle, about 15 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal fin with 13 rays,
originating slightly in advance of the ventrals and much nearer the end of the snout
* For explanation of the Plates, see pp. 250, 252.
VOL. XIX.—PART 101. No. 32.—December, 1909. 2k
238 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
than the base of the caudal fin. Anal fin with 17 or 18 rays, twice as distant from the
base of the ventral as from the caudal, and originating a long way behind the vertical
of the dorsal. Pectoral fin 2 to 2 the length of the head, not reaching the ventral.
Caudal forked, with pointed lobes. Caudal peduncle once and a half as long as deep.
42-44 scales in a longitudinal series, 10 in a transverse series; 12 or 13 keeled scutes
between the isthmus and the ventrals, 10 between the ventrals and the anal. Body
yellowish, head and a broad lateral band silvery.
Total length 72 mm.
Two specimens from the Aruwimi River.
Family CHARACINID &,
2. BRYCONATHIOPS MIcROstoMA Gthr.
Aruwimi River, Upper Congo.
3, ALESTES MACROPHTHALMUS Gthr.
Trumu River.
4, ALESTES GRANDISQUAMIS Blgr.
Trumu River.
5. MICRALESTES ACUTIDENS Peters.
Irumu River.
6. PrreRsius woosnami Bler.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xx. 1907, p. 487 ; id. Cat. Afr. F. Fish. i. p. 289, fig. 183
(1909).
Depth of body equal to length of head, four times in total length. Head longer
than deep, with convex upper profile ; lower jaw projecting slightly beyond the upper ;
eye as long as the snout, three times in the length of the head; maxillary not extending
to below the anterior border of the eye; 14 teeth (5) in the upper jaw, 8 in the lower ;
outer preemaxillary teeth tricuspid, inner multicuspid and inserted immediately behind
the outer. Gill-rakers short, 12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal fin with III 8
rays, originating above the base of the ventrals and at equal distance from the end of
the snout and from the root of the caudal fin; longest ray about # the length of the
head. Adipose fin very small. Anal fin with III 17-18 rays. Pectoral fin shorter
than the head, not reaching the ventral. Caudal peduncle as long as deep. Scales
29-30 Es 2 between lateral line and ventral. No markings, except a silvery lateral
band, which is black-edged above.
Total length 70 mm.
Two specimens from the Aruwimi River, Upper Congo.
G. A. BOULENGER—PISCES. 239
Family CYPRINIDA.
7. Laseo parvus Bigr.
Trumu River.
8. BARBUS PORTALI Bler.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xviii. 1906, p. 36, and Fish. Nile, p. 243, pl. xlv. fig. 2
(1907).
Depth of body equal to the length of the head, three and two-thirds to four times
in the total length. Snout rounded, longer than the eye, which is four to four and a
half times in the length of the head and about once and a half in the interorbital
width ; latter three times in the length of the head; lips moderately developed,
interrupted on the chin; barbels two on each side, the anterior once and a half to once
and three-fourths, the posterior twice to twice and a half the diameter of the eye, the
distance between them about two-thirds the diameter of the eye. Dorsal fin with
III 7 rays, last simple ray strong, bony, coarsely serrated behind, much shorter than
the head ; free edge of the fin not emarginate ; its distance from the occiput less than
its distance from the caudal fin. Anal fin with III 5 rays, the longest one-half to three-
fifths the length of the head. Pectoral fin two-thirds to three-fourths the length of the
head, not reaching the ventral ; latter below anterior rays of dorsal. Caudal fin deeply
forked. Caudal peduncle once and a half to once and two-thirds as long as deep.
Seales with fan-shaped striation, 29-31 H 3 between lateral line and ventral, 12 round
caudal peduncle. Yellowish, back olive-brown ; a dark greyish lateral stripe with or
without two or three blackish blotches in its course ; fins whitish.
Total length 100 mm.
Described from five specimens obtained near Fort Portal, 12 miles east of Ruwenzori,
at an altitude of 4500 feet, in a small stream, a tributary of the Mpanga, flowing into
Lake George.
Mr. Woosnam observes that this was a common fish in the eastern streams of
Ruwenzori, which it probably ascends from Lake George. It was not met with
above 5900 feet.
9. BARBUS HOLOTANIA Bler.
Trumu River.
10. BaARILivs UBANGENSIS Pellegr.
Irumu River.
11. CHELa&THIOIS ELONGATUS Bler.
Irumu River.
240 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family StLUrR1D &.
12. Carrs carson Bler.
[These little fishes were numerous in the streams flowing from the eastern side of
tuwenzori into Lake George. They appeared to frequent only the lower and more
sluggish parts of the streams, and were never seen above 5500 feet— Ff. B. W.]
13. Evrropius erenreci Bler.
Trumu River.
14. Synopontis Gresuorrt Schilth.
Trumu River.
Family CIrcHLID a.
15. Truarra nitorica L.
Ruwenzori, up to 3200 feet altitude.
Family MasTACEMBELID4,
16. MasraceMBELUS conaicus Bler.
Irumu River.
BATRACHIA.
Examples of two species of Frogs, Rana oxyrhynchus A. Smith and R. nutti Bler.,
were obtained by Mr. R. B. Woosnam on Ruwenzori.
1. Rana oxyruyncnus A. Smith.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.
2. Rana nurti Blgr. (Plate VIII. figs. 1 & 2.)
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-9000 ft.
This is a little-known species. It was described by me (Ann. & Mag. N. H. (6)
xviii. 1896, p. 467) from specimens obtained in Lake Tanganyika by Mr. W. Nutt,
and the British Museum has since received specimens from various parts of British
Hast Africa. Specimens from Kilimanjaro have been referred by Tornier (Kriechth.
Deutsch-Ost-Afr. p. 92, 1897) to R. bravana Peters, which species I regard as
identical with R. galamensis D. & B.
G. A. BOULENGER—REPTILIA. 241
The following description is taken from the Ruwenzori specimens :—
Vomerine teeth in two strong, slightly oblique series between the choane. Head as
long as broad, or a little longer than broad; snout rounded, scarcely projecting,
slightly longer than the diameter of the orbit ; canthus rostralis obtuse ; loreal region
very oblique and slightly concave; nostril equally distant from the eye and from the tip
of the snout, or a little nearer the furmer; interorbital space a little narrower than the
upper eyelid ; tympanum very distinct, two-thirds to three-fourths the diameter of the
eye. Fingers obtusely pointed, first and second equal; toes slender, obtusely pointed,
two-thirds webbed; subarticular tubercles small; a small elliptical inner metatarsal
tubercle, measuring one-third the length of the inner toe. ‘Tibia as long as or a little
longer than the fore limb, as long as the foot; tibio-tarsal articulation reaching the tip
of the snout or beyond. Skin smooth ; a narrow but very prominent glandular dorso-
lateral fold from the upper eyelid to the sacral region. Greyish or olive-brown above,
with more or less distinct darker spots; a broad, light, dark-edged vertebral band some-
times present ; a dark streak from the end of the snout, through the nostril, to the eye;
a dark temporal spot ; a light streak from below the eye to the angle of the mouth;
limbs with dark cross-bands ; lower parts white, throat with brownish marblings.
The largest specimen measures 64 mm. from snout to vent.
Rana nutti is very nearly related to &. angolensis Bocage.
Two female specimens, showing variations in the markings, are figured on
Plate VIII. figs. 1 & 2.
REPTILIA.
The species of Lizards obtained on Ruwenzori by Mr. Woosnam are Agama atricollis,
A. Smith, Lacerta jacksonii Blgr., Mabuia maculilabris Hallow., Mabuia striata Peters,
and the undescribed Lygosoma for which I proposed the name L. meleagris. This is
here redescribed and figured, and I have appended notes on the specimen of the little-
known Lacerta jacksoni.
Chameleons are represented by Chameleon senegalensis Daud. (evigatus Gray) and
C. elliott Gthr., obtained at the foot of the mountain (5000-6000 feet) by Mr. G. F.
Scott Elliot; C. johnstont Blgy., and C. xenorhinus Blgr., two remarkable forms
discovered by Sir H. H. Johnston, and of which further examples were collected
during the Expedition; and a small species, C. rudis Blgr., of which a female had
been previously obtained by Sir H. H. Johnston, but which could not be properly
understood until the male was discovered by Mr. Woosnam and his party.
Of Snakes, Leptodira hotambeia Laur. and Elapechis guentheri Bocage were brought
home from the foot of Ruwenzori by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliot ; Chlorophis emini Gthr.
VOL. XIX.—ParT I. No. 33.—December, 1909. 21
242 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
and Naia nigricollis Reinh. by the Ruwenzori Expedition, to which we also owe
the discovery cf a new Tree-Viper, described below as Atheris woosname.
Family AGAMID&.
1. AGAMA ATRICOLLIS A. Smith.
[Common on the plains around Ruwenzori, but not found on the mountains above
5000 feet.—R. B. W.]
Family LacertTipa.
2. Lacerta Jacksont Bler.
Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1899, p. 96, pl. x.
This species was described from a single male specimen procured at Ravine Station,
Mau Moantains, on the main route from Mombasa to Lake Victoria, at an altitude
of 7500 feet. It was presented to the British Museum by Mr. F. J. Jackson. <A
second specimen, a female, was obtained by the Expedition, on the east side of
Ruwenzori, at a height of 8500 feet, on the trunk of a tree.
The head is smaller and shorter than in the type, and the body more elongate,
these differences being sexual. ‘The granules between the supraoculars and the super-
ciliaries are reduced to three on the right side and to two on the left ; the occipital is
much shorter and a little broader than the interparietal; on the left side the parietal
is in contact with the fourth supraocular and the upper postocular, on the right side
with the fourth supraocular only. ‘The dorsal scales are very faintly keeled ; 37 scales
across the middle of the body; 27 transverse series of ventral plates. The hind limb
barely reaches the axil. Femoral pores 18-19. The belly, in the spirit-specimen,
is pale blue.
Measurements :—
From end of snout to vent 71 mm.; head 17; width of head 11; fore limb 25;
hind limb 36.
Judging from the description, | am in doubt as to Tornier’s L. vawereselli (Zool. Anz.
1902, p. 701) being specifically distinguishable from L. jacksont. The temporal scales,
perfectly smooth in the Ruwenzori specimen, are feebly keeled in the type. ‘The
statement “‘ Nur 8 Femoralporen an jeder Seite” (p. 702) is contradicted further down
(p. 703), ‘‘ Femoralporen 16 an jeder Seite.”
Family ScINCID A.
3. MABuIA MACULILABRIS Hallow.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 feet.
G. A. BOULENGER—REPTILIA. 243
4, Maputa srriata. Peters.
[Numerous in the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, up to 6500 feet.—R. B. W.]
5. LyGosoMA MELEAGRIS Bler. (Plate VIII. figs. 5, 3 a, 34.)
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xix. 1907, p. 488.
Body much elongate ; limbs small, with four very short digits; the distance between
the end.of the snout and the fore limb is contained twice and a half in the distance
between axilla and groin. Snout very short, obtuse; lower eyelid scaly; nostril
pierced between two nasals; no supranasal; fronto-nasal broader than long, broadly
in contact with the rostral and with the frontal; prefrontals minute ; frontal not much
larger than fronto-parietals, in contact with the first and second supraoculars; four
supraoculars; five supraciliaries ; fronto-parietals distinct, larger than the interparietal ;
parietals forming a suture behind the interparietal; a pair of nuchals; fourth upper
labial below the centre of the eye. Ear-opening minute, about as large as the nostril.
22 smooth scales round the middle of the body. Median preeanals scarcely enlarged.
The length of the hind limb equals the distance between the anterior border of the eye
and the fore limb; second and third toes (normally third and fourth, the hallux being
absent) equal, with 12 lamelle inferiorly. Tail long and thick. Upper surface of
head and back blackish-brown, with small round white spots; sides of body, belly,
hind limbs, and base of tail uniform orange; a black streak on the temple and along
the side of the neck ; throat black ; greater part of tail brown above and white beneath,
spotted with black.
Totallength. . . . . 166mm. INowee im) gn 5 5 og )~©) LO arn,
lead ey nan ea ents ee ORES labial Imm) 5 5 oo gl | LB
Wyngliln OF INGACL 6 6 6 6 ons Mail(Geproduced) ih aes OS ess
BOCK 6 <9 6 6 oo te) BL gg
A single specimen from the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, altitude 7000 feet.
This species belongs to the section Staphos Gray, which a few years ago was repre-
sented by only a few Malayan and Australasian species. Five closely related species
have now been described from Africa :—
(1) L. kilimensis Stejneger (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. 1891, p. 405).—Digits 5—5,
longest with 13-15 lamelle below; ear-opening much larger than nostril; 24 scales
round body. Kilimanjaro.
(2) L. thomast Tornier (Zool. Jahrb., Syst. xix. 1903, p. 175).—Digits 5—4, longest
with 12 lamelle below ; ear-opening not much larger than nostril; fronto-nasal fused
with frontal ; 24 scales round body. Nairobi.
(3) L. aloysit-sabandie Peracca (Boll. Mus. Zool. Tor. xxii. 1907, no. 553).—
Digits 5—5 (pollex rudimentary and clawless), longest with 14 lamelle below ; ear-
opening not much larger than nostril; 22 scales round body. Mitiana and Toro.
2u2
244 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
(4) L. meleagris Blgr.—Digits 4—4, longest with 12 lamellee below ; ear-opening not
much larger than nostril; 22 scales round body. Ruwenzori.
(9) LZ. blochmanni Tornier (t. ¢. p. 173).— Digits 83—3 ; ear-opening much larger than
nostril ; 22 scales round body. Lake Kivu.
Family CHAM HLEONTIDA.
6. CHAMAILEON SENEGALENSIS Daud.
I cannot regard Gray’s C. levigatus as more than a variety of this species, for reasons
which will be given in a paper to be published in the ‘Annals’ of the Genoa Museum.
7. CHAMALEON ELLIOTI Gthr. (Plate VIII. figs. 4, 4 a.)
[These Chameleons were numerous on the lower slopes of Ruwenzori from 5000 to
6000 ft., especially among the rough scrubby vegetation which springs up on the sites
of old cultivations, None was obtained or seen above 6000 ft.—f#. B. W.]
8. CHAMALEON RUDIS Blgr. (Plate VIII. figs. 5, 5a, 6.)
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xviii. 1906, p. 441.
Head short, the casque feebly raised posteriorly, with feeble, tubercular parietal
crest ; the distance between the commissure of the mouth and the extremity of the
casque equals the length of the mouth; no rostral appendages ; lateral crest merely
indicated ; no trace of occipital lobes; 10 scales across the interorbital space. Body
covered with large, very convex granules of irregular size, intermixed with still larger
ones, some of which are arranged in a dorso-lateral series; a dorsal crest of conical
tubercles, the largest of which alternate with one or two smaller ones; a series of long,
conical, spine-like tubercles forms an uninterrupted gular-ventral crest, the longest
tubercles, on the throat, measuring half the diameter of the orbit. No tarsal process.
Tail as long as or a little shorter than head and body, crested like the back. Male
dark olive-grey, female nearly black, with some of the larger tubercles on the body
yellowish.
Be Q.
Motalwlenc thin anemia Buta eS a ea SD Fe 98 mm.
From end of snout to eee of mandible! 33) Pals NB 55
5 i 33 CASGWE, 55. 6 18 15). oy
Greatest width at temple . . Ge CRO aT EN oy ULL ©) 55
Depth of skull, mandible ended ci Gt aE esa. ites} a a
Bodice icchees Wah epe ep RP a MRe ntumsn satesalt vo)” Sif. eueamAnL 40 ,,
ADA abies, oe yee ecko ae a sy, Sin Aaa Ol.
ral see cal a Sp aD NO CKD Lae SAVE ht cece 6} Ai se
G. A. BOULENGER—REPTILIA. 245
A single specimen, a gravid female, of this small Chameleon was presented by
Sir H. H. Johnston to the British Museum in 1901. I had referred it provisionally to
C. biteniatus Fisch., from which it differs in the coarser scaling and in the much
longer spine-like tubercles forming the gular-ventral crest, and it was briefly alluded
to by Mr. J. L. Monk (‘Zoologist,’ 1903, p.. 524) as likely to prove a new species, a view
which is confirmed by the discovery of the male by the Ruwenzori Expedition, in the
Mubuku Valley, on the east side of the mountain, at an altitude of 10,000 feet.
[A specimen (no. 24, 2nd Feb., 1906) was found at 10,000 ft., just where the bamboo
and tree-heath zones meet and intermingle, forming rather more open patchy country.
This specimen was much smaller than the C. eddioti met with lower down and of a dirty
grey-green colour. At this altitude (10,000 ft.) the vegetation was sometimes white
with frost in the early morning. During the time we were encamped there the native
porters (about 20 in number) were offered rewards for finding Chameleons, but they
never found but this one, which was sitting on a rotten stump of tree-heath. I fully
expected this alpine Chameleon to be of a different species to C. elliott, which is met
with below 6000 ft., where the climate is hot and tropical— A. B. W.]
Those who regard C. ellioti and C. hoehnelii as races or local varieties of C. biteniatus
would of course place C. rudis under the same species—and I should be the last to
blame them, having at one time held the same opinion.
9. CHAMALEON JOHNSTONI Bler.
[This Chameleon was obtained only in the Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, between
6000 and 7000 feet, and it did not appear to be very plentiful. It is found usually
among the lower bushes and shrubs just below the forest-line, or in the open spaces
where native clearings had been made just inside the forest.—R. B. W.]
10. CHAMALEON XENORHINUS Bler.
[This Chameleon was obtained only in the Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, from
6000 to 7000 feet, and was found in much the same kind of situations as C. johnstoni,
but it appeared to be more partial to the larger trees and was found upon the trunks.
We noticed, too, that this Chameleon when first caught was always of a much darker
colour than (. johnstont, almost black, and never became very much lighter. It is not
improbable that it lives in the large forest-trees, where its presence would be almost
impossible to detect.—R. B. W.]
246 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family CoLuBRID&.
11. CHLOROPHIS EMINI Gthr.
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 feet.
12. NAJA NIGRICOLLIS Reinh.
Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 feet.
Family VIPERID 4.
13. ATHERIS woosNamMI Blgr. (Plate LX.)
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1906, p. 37.
In shape the head resembles that of Vipera berus, being more elongate than in the
other species of Atheris, truncate at the end, and provided with a sharp cantnus
rostralis ; the eye is rather small, its diameter about half the length of the snout in
the adult. The end of the snout below the canthus rostralis and between the nasal
and first labial shields is covered by four smooth shields: a rostral, which is twice and
a half to three times as broad as deep, and above it three shields in a row, the median
of which may be regarded as detached from a rostral such as exists in a typical Viper.
The scales on the snout and vertex may be smooth or more or less strongly keeled,
further back they are all strongly keeled; there are 8 to 10 across the crown from eye
to eye and 12 to 15 round the eye, which is separated from the upper labials by one
or two series of scales; the upper labials number 10 on each side ; there are 3 or 4
pairs of small chin-shields, the anterior largest and in contact with 5 or 4 lower labials;
unlike those of the other Atheris, the gular scales are smooth or very faintly keeled.
The highest number of scales across the body varies between 25 and 30; all are
strongly keeled. Ventrals 151 in males, 158 to 162 in females; anal entire ; sub-
caudals 49 to 52 in males, 44 to 47 in females *.
In coloration as well as in form and scaling this Atheris departs less than its con-
geners from the typical Viper pattern, the characteristic zigzag dorsal band and the
reversed initial (W) on the head being present in some specimens. ‘The ground-colour
varies from olive-green to bright grass-green above, from yellowish to pale green
beneath ; the keels of most of the scales are black, and the upper head-scales are edged
with black ; there is usually a dorsal series of large black rhombs, which may be con-
fluent into a zigzag band, and a lateral series of smaller black spots; a A- or A-shaped
black marking on the top of the head, the apex between the eyes; a black streak on
* Tn the large series of Atheris chloroechis and A. squamiger in the British Museum, which renders the
distinction of these two supposed species an almost impossible task, the variation in the number of ventrals
ranges between 145 and 165 for males, 152 and 176 for females, and that of subeaudals between 52 and 66 for
males, 6 and 59 for females.
G. A. BOULENGER—REPTILIA. 247
- each side of the head, from above the nostril to above the last labial shield ; the end
of the tail is black or blackish.
The largest specimen measures 630 mm., in which the tail enters for 85.
[Several specimens of this very distinct species were obtained in the Mubuku Valley,
E. Ruwenzori, between 6000 and 6500 feet altitude.
This fine Snake may sometimes be seen coiled up round the stem of elephant-grass
10 feet above the ground. One cf the specimens contains embryos.—K. B. W.]
Le Tbe WIG :
250 G. A. BOULENGHR—-BATRACHIA, REPTILIA.
PLATE VUL.
Figs. 1
ie)
Ww
Rana nutti Bigr., p. 240. Females.
~
Fig. 3. Lygosoma meleagris Blgr., p. 243.
3, ce a Enlarged view of upper surface of head.
30. a a - » side of head.
4. Chameleon elliott Gthr., p. 244. Female.
4a 53 Upper view of head.
a. Ws rudis Blgr., p. 244. Male.
Da. i Re Upper view ot head.
6. i if Female.
1, 2.RANA NUTTI.
4. CHAMA
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38.LYGOSOMA MELEAGRIS
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REPTILIA.
O52 G. A. BOULENG ER—
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CONT, LEO
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TRANSACTIONS
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
Vou. XLX.—Parr 4.
( Pirates X.—XTX, and Text-figs. 13-16.)
LONDON:
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AND BY MESSRS. LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO,, PATERNOSTER ROW.
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RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
16. AVES,
By W. RB. Ocitvie-Grant, 7. Z.S. M.B.0.U., &e.
AppEnDIx.—On some Points in the Anatomy of Bradypterus cinnamomeus.
By NV PB. PYCRANT, FL Z)S., MoB.OLUs ccc.
Received and read November 17, 1908.
[Puates X.-XIX.* and Text-figures 13-16. |
INTRODUCTION.
Or the collections formed by the Members of the Ruwenzori Expedition probably
none is so complete as that of the Birds. ‘This is partly due to the fact that as four of
the collectors were specially interested in Ornithology, every effort was made to obtain
examples of all the species to be met with on the range. It is thus pretty certain that
of the different kinds of birds to be found on Ruwenzori very few are not represented
in the present collection.
The only known exceptions are a small Swift, seen at about 10,000 ft. ; an Owl;
possibly a Pigeon, which is described as a ‘“‘ Black Dove,” and may have been the
young of Haplopelia jacksoni; and a large species of Francolin. The latter frequented
the thickest parts of the forest and, though its cry might constantly be heard,
its skulking habits baffled all the efforts made to procure specimens. Mr. Carruthers
actually succeeded in shooting one, but the bird being only winged instantly disappeared
among the dense jungle.
In addition to these there are also two species, Cryptospiza shelleyi (of which only
the type-specimen is known) and Wectarinia melanogastra, which were not met
with by the present Expedition, but which were procured by Mr. Geoffrey Archer |
on Ruwenzori, though the exact locality was not recorded. Huprinoides nigrescens,
which was also said to have been procured on Ruwenzori by the same collector
(cf. Jackson, ‘ Ibis,’ 1906, p. 547), was no doubt obtained in Ankoli, as is shown by
the date, April the 8th, 1902 (see Archer, Itinerary, p. 506).
It is, of course, more than likely that, in addition to those mentioned, other species
may have been overlooked and that locally distributed forms may occur in valleys which
were not visited by the Expedition. As an instance of this 1 may mention that of a
very handsome Sun-bird (Nectarinia purpureiventris) only one example was procured
by Mr. Gerald Legge during the four months spent in the Mubuku Valley ; while
* For explanation of the Plates, see pp. 462-480.
VOL. xIx.—ParT Iv. No. 34.—March, 1910.
bo
&
bo
254 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Mr. Geoffrey Archer, who remained only a few days in the same locality, procured a
series of examples in all stages of plumage.
Two species peculiar to Ruwenzori, Cinnyris stuhimanni and Parus fasciiventris,
were procured by Dr. Stuhlmann in 1893, probably high up in the Butagu Valley, on
the west side of Ruwenzori.
The splendid Touraco, Gallirex johnstoni, was discovered on Ruwenzori by Sir H.
H. Johnston in 1901 at an elevation of about 7000 ft.
In addition to these, as already stated in my Preface, before the present Expedition
had reached Ruwenzori, 14 species peculiar to the range had been procured by
Mr. Geoffrey Archer, who spent twenty days on its north-eastern slopes in 1902.
Besides the species peculiar to the Ruwenzori range, many which were obtained on
the lower slopes and in the surrounding country have a much wider distribution and
represent elements of various other faunas, chiefly eastern and western. I have therefore
attempted by means of the following lists to divide the collection as a whole into its
component parts and to give some idea of their relative importance and connections.
It is difficult to account for the occurrence of certain species on Ruwenzori: for
instance, a very large and remarkable Yellow-breasted Bush-Shrike (Laniarius
lagdeni) was met with at 9000 ft. and subsequently procured, in some numbers, by
Herr Rudolf Grauer on the higher slopes of the Mufumbiro Volcanoes, which lie to
the south. This very handsome bird had for many years been known only from the
type-specimen in the British Museum, obtained by Sir Godfrey Lagden in Ashanti, and
its recurrence in the highlands of Central Africa is therefore as unexpected as it is
remarkable. As will be seen from the foliowing list, many West-African species,
especially those found in Cameroon, occur in the Lake-district; but in the case of
L, lagdeni we have to deal with a species which was said to have been originally met
with in the interior of the Gold Coast, where there are no high mountains.
As the investigation of the fauna of Ruwenzori was the main object of the present
Expedition, I shall first deal with the birds which are believed to be peculiar to the
range, and which, so far as IJ am aware, have not been found elsewhere. ‘These
species, which number 20, are as follows :—
Sitagra aliena Sharpe. 5500-8500 ft. Apalis affinis Grant. 6000 ft.
Cryptospiza jacksoni Sharpe. 6000-8500 ft. », personata Sharpe. 6000-9000 ft.
iy shelleyi Sharpe. (Hxact locality 5 ruwenzori Jackson. 6000-9000 ft.
unknown.) Cossypha archeri Sharpe. 6000-13,000 ft.
Nectarinia dartmouthi Grant. 12,500-14,500 ft. Alethe poliophrys Sharpe. 6500-9000 ft.
Cinnyris alinee (Jackson). 5500-9000 ft. Batis diops Jackson. 6500-8500 ft.
45 stuhlmanni Reichenow. 10,000- Cryptolopha alpina Grant. 10,000-14,000 ft.
11,200 ft. BS leta Sharpe. 6500-9000 ft.
Parus fasciiventris Reichenow. 6500-11,000 ft. Gallirex johnstoni Sharpe. 8500-11,000 ft.
Dryoscopus holomelas Jackson. 6000-9000 ft. Cypseius maximus Grant. 10,000—14,000 ft.
Bradypterus barakee Sharpe. 6500-8500 ft. Haplopelia jacksoni Sharpe. 6500-9000 ft.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT-—AVES. 955
The following 6 species found on the Ruwenzori range have also been met with
on the Mufumbiro Volcanoes, which lie to the south :—
Cinnyris regius Reichenow. 6000-10,000 ft.
Turdinus atriceps Sharpe. 6500-9000 ft.
Tarsiger ruwenzori Grant. 6500-12,000 ft.
Cryptospiza ocularis Sharpe. 6000-7000 ft.
Serinus graueri Hartert. 5500-14,000 ft.
Nectarinia purpureiventris Reichenow. 7000 ft.
The portion of the collection which was formed in the neighbourhood of Entebbe,
at the north end of Victoria Nyanza, is of special interest. Entebbe may be regarded as
a great central junction where elements of all the tropical Faunas meet. Most of the
more widely ranging species of birds belonging to the Kast-African, White Nile, West-
African, Angolan, and South-African Faunas are to be met with there, and probably
there is no spot on the African continent where so many different species are to be
found.
The following 96 species are characteristic of the great central chain of Lakes, some
being confined to the neighbourhood of Victoria Nyanza, while others range north-
wards to the Bahr-el-Jebel, or as far south as Lake Nyasa :—
Oriolus pereivali.
Malimbus centralis.
35 fagani.
Cimnamopteryx mpangee.
Sycobrotus mentalis.
Heterhyphantes stephanophorus.
Hyphantornis dimidiatus.
us feminina.
o9 castanops.
Sitagra pelzelni.
Amblyospiza melanonota.
Quelea cardinalis.
Pyromelana ansorgei.
a5 nigrifrons.
gs crassirostris.
Urobrachya pheenicea.
Coliuspasser soror.
Pytelia belli.
Nigrita schistacea.
Nesocharis ansorgei.
Estrilda minor. (South to the Zambesi R.)
5 roseicrissa.
Lagonosticta ruberrima.
Neisna nyansz.
Serinus icterus.
Chrysomitris frontalis.
Mirafra zombe.
» tropicalis.
Anthus leggei.
Nectarinia erythrocerca.
Anthothreptes axillaris.
Cinnyris viridisplendens.
33 falkensteini.
3p lgnelventris.
a reichenowi.
Zosterops jacksoni.
Anthoscopus roccatii.
Telephonus emini.
Dryoscopus nandensis.
Cisticola carruthersi.
emit:
o loll,
>» chubbi.
nuchalis.
3)
Bradypterus alfredi.
Calamocichla nilotica.
Apalis denti.
5 jacksoni.
Hminia lepida.
Sylviella barakee.
55 toroensis.
95 leucophrys.
256 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Burnesia melanops.
sb reichenowi.
Turdus centralis.
Callene zquatorialis.
Neocossyphus prepectoralis.
Erythropygia hartlaubi.
Alethe carruthersi.
Crateropus kirki. (Ranging to the Zambesi R.)
Turdinus pyrrhopterus.
Bathmedonia jackson1.
Xenocichla kikuyuensis. 6500-10,000 ft.
a leetissima.
Bleda woosnami.
Alseonax pumilus. 5000-—10,000 ft.
a infulatus.
Muscicapa toroensis.
Chloropeta kenya. 6000-10,000 ft.
55 massaica.
Bs gracilirostris.
Megabias zequatorialis.
Trochocercus albonotatus. 6500-8500 ft.
TYerpsiphone suahelica.
Terpsiphone emini.
Hirundo emini.
Psalidoprocne albiceps.
se massaica.
Dendromus tzniolema.
Mesopicus ruwenzori. 6500-8000 ft.
Dendropicus peecilolemus.
Tricholema ansorgel.
a radcliffei.
Gymnobucco cinereiceps.
Barbatula mfumbiri.
33 centralis.
Trachyphonus elgonensis.
Gymuoschizorhis leopoldi.
Turacus emini.
Caprimulgus ruweuzori.
Irrisor jacksoni.
Melittophagus oreobates.
Eurystomus rufobuccalis.
Galactochrysea emini.
Francolinus icterorhynchus.
Gs muleme.
The following 39 East-African species have been met with in the neighbourhood of
Ruwenzori, some of the highland forms being found high up on the range—for instance,
Turdus abyssinicus, which was met with from 6000 ft. nearly up to the snows :—
8500 ft.
Cinnamopterus tenuirostris. 10,000 ft.
5000 ft.
Lamprotornis porphyropterus.
Pholidauges sharpei.
Peoptera stuhlmanni.
Heterhyphantes stuhlmanni. 7000 ft.
Hyphantornis intermedius.
Coliuspasser eques.
Cryptospiza salvadorii. 7000-8500 ft.
Lagonosticta rhodoparia.
Serinus kilimensis.
» Sharpei.
Nectarinia kilimensis.
3 melanogastra.
Cinnyris equatorialis.
S microrhynchus.
Laniarius erythrogaster.
Dryoscopus malzacii.
Dryoscopus affinis. (? Also W. Africa.)
Lanius intercedens.
Bradypterus cinnamomeus. 6500-13,000 ft.
Apalis pulchella.
5000-9000 ft.
6000-13,000 ft.
Geocichla piaggive.
Turdus abyssinicus.
Cossypha heuglini.
Crateropus sharpei.
Phyllastrephus sucosus. 5000-9000 ft.
Batis orientalis.
»> puella.
Dendromus nubicus.
Dendropicus zanzibari.
Lybius equatorialis.
Colius affinis.
Hapaloderma vittatum.
Rhinopomastus schalowi.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 257
Buteo augur.
Lissotis melanogaster.
Numida ptilorhyncha.
Merops superciliosus. (Ranging to Mada- |
gascar &c.) |
Syrnium suahelicum.
The following 8 species were met with only in the Eturi and Kast-Congo Forests :—
Spermospiza poliogenys. Stizorhina vulpina.
Pholidornis denti.
Alethe woosnami. |
Phyllanthus czarnikowi1.
Erythrocercus congicus.
Trochocercus bedfordi.
Gymnobucco sladeni.
The following 91 West-African species have been met with in the neighbourhood of
Ruwenzori and in the Lake-district, chiefly in the Eturi and Mpanga Forests :—
Lamprocolius splendidus. 5000 ft.
Dicrurus atripennis.
Oriolus lztior.
Malimbus malimbicus.
3 nigerrimus.
Heterhyphantes nigricollis.
Hyphantornis superciliosus.
Pyrenestes ostrinus.
Pyromelana franciscana.
Spermestes cucullatus.
es; poensis.
Nigrita fusconota. c
>, luteifrons.
» canicapilla.
Estrilda nonnula.
Anthothreptes tephrolema.
Cyanomitra cyanolema.
Cinnyris superbus.
bouvieri.
”
» Cchloropygius.
Parus funereus.
Nilaus camerunensis.
Nicator chloris.
(Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., and
Mufumbiro.)
Laniarius lagdeni.
3 major.
A luhderi.
Dryoscopus leucorhynchus.
Lanius mackinnoni.
Melocichla mentalis.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT IV. No. 35.—March, 1910.
Cisticola lateralis.
» rufopileata.
Apalis caniceps.
», binotata.
Sylviella carnapi ?
Ge nti.
Camaroptera superciliaris. (Met with at
Mawambi.)
Stiphrornis xanthogaster.
Mawambi.)
Hylia prasina,
(Met with at
Burnesia bairdi.
Cossypha bartteloti.
melanonota.
Erythropygia ruficanda.
Alethe poliothorax.
Myrmecocichla nigra.
Macrosphenus flavicans.
Turdinus fulvescens.
5 cerviniventris.
Criniger calurus.
Xenocichla leucolema.
Andropadus indicator.
$s virens.
5 gracilis.
curvirostris.
Fs latirostris.
Phyllastrephus icterinus.
Ixonotus guttatus. (Extending to Mawambi,
Eturi R., and Ponthierville, Upper Congo.)
2N
258 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Campophaga petiti. Indicator exilis.
Graucalus azureus. Corytheeola cristata.
Alseonax epulatus. Musophaga rosse.
4 fantisiensis. Centropus occidentalis.
5 comitatus. Ceuthmochares aéreus.
Diaphorophyia castanea. Cercocoecyx mechowi.
99 jamesoni. Chrysococeyx flavigularis.
Smithornis camerunensis. Ceratogymna atrata.
or rufolateralis. Lophoceros fasciatus.
oe sharpei. Halcyon badius.
Artomyias fuliginosa. Myioceyx ruficeps. (Avakubi.)
Terpsiphone duchaillui. Agapornis pullarius.
Elminia longicauda. Peeocephalus aubryanus. (Mawambi.)
Hirundo gordoni. Vinago calva.
Psalidoprocne nitens. Columba unicincta.
Dendromus caroli. , Francolinus schuetti.
Mesopicus ellioti. Pternistes cranchi.
Dendropicus lafresnayi.
The following 8 species known to occur in Angola were also met with in
the Ruwenzori District :—
Estrilda paludicola. | Cosmetornis vexillarius.
Parus insignis. | Bycanistes subquadratus.
Pycnonotus tricolor. Halcyon pallidiventris.
Terpsiphone ignea. | Pceocephalus reichenowi.
The following 4 South-African forms range north to the Ruwenzori District :—
Scheenicola apicalis.
Cinnyris mariquensis. Trrisor viridis.
Turnix nana.
The following 94 widely distributed African species were met with in the neigh-
bourhood of Ruwenzori; their range in other parts of Africa is indicated by the
leiters E. (=East), N.E. (= North-east), S.E. (= South-east), W. (= West), N.W.
== North-west), S. (=South), 8.W. (=South-west), and T. A. (=Tropical Africa) :—
Corvultur albicollis . . . ... . . . E.&S. (Met with up to 14,000 ft.)
Pholidaugesiverreauxiles ey). 0) ue rene neo
Dicrurusvatersna cee ween: ales eee NVR ACES
Oxrolustrolle tiga anon etc S NV Vis
Anaplectesimelanotisi eyes ie) a) eye SENG INEWien Saas iVVie
Eyphantornis|xanthopsiian ion) -) a ea VeecunSe
Sitagraoculaniale aie eet ieS Wiener Se
PRG) WMA srO EW at crewenar! Gra Aa tig Minna Er cieN TSI Disiccay INT SNN
Qualea Gudea 6 4 io of 6 a wo Wot Se
Pyromelana flammiceps . .. ... E& W.
W. BR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AV3S.
Pyromelana xanthomelas
Coliuspasser ardens .
Sporeginthus subflavus
Vidua serena .
Passer diffusus
Emberiza flaviventris
Motacilla vidua
5 longicauda
Anthus pyrrhonotus
Macronyx croceus
Nectarinia cupreonitens
Anthothreptes zambesiana
Cyanomitra ragazzii .
Cinnyris cupreus . :
Telephonus erythropterus .
a minutus
Laniarius similis
Lanius humeralis
Cisticola rufa .
a terrestris
ss erythrops . . .
a lugubris
5 strangel :
Camaroptera griseoviridis .
Prinia mystacea .
Pratincola salax .
Campophaga nigra
Graucalus ceesius .
Melznornis pammelena
Bradyornis murinus .
Parisoma plumbeum
Platystira cyanea .
Cotile cincta
» rufigula
Mesopicus peeocephalus
Indicator variegatus .
a minor .
Centropus superciliosus .
Coccystes cafer
5 jacobinus .
Cuculus solitarius
Chrysococcyx cupreus .
3 klaasi
Metallococcyx smaragdineus .
E. & S.W.
E., S.W., &S.
E., W., & S.
E., W., &S.
E. & W.
E.& W.
E. & W.
E. & W.
W.&S.
W. & N.E.
E., N.W., & S.
E.,?W., &S.
W.& SE.
E.&S§.
E. & W.
E., W., & S.
W.&S.
B. & W.
™ A.
BE. & W.
E., W.,& S.
E.&S.
N.E. & N.W.
E., S.W., & S:
W.&S.
E. & W.
N.E., W., & S.
K., N.E., & N.W.
N.E. & N.W.
H.& 8.
EH. &S.
KE. & 8.W.
geS3Hs8H
oe PPP bb
2nN 2
259
260
Hapaloderma narina
vittatum .
Colius macrurus .
Caprimulgus fossei
i natalensis
Cosmetornis vexillarius
Lophoceros melanoleucus .
Upupa africana . . .
Melittophagus meridionalis
Merops albicollis .
Kurystomus afer .
Halcyon chelicutensis .
i semiceruleus .
a senegalensis
le cyanoleucus
Ispidina picta .
Corythornis cyanostigma
Glaucidium perlatum
Bubo lacteus :
Helotarsus ecaudatus
Lophoaétus occipitalis .
Buteo auguralis .
», desertorum
Melierax gabar
Accipiter melanoleucus .
Anas sparsa aoe
CEdicnemus vermiculatus
Phyllopezus africanus
Lobivanellus lateralis
Stephanibyx inornatus .
Gallinago nigripennis
Crex egregia
Columba arquatrix
Turtur damarensis . . .
» semitorquatus
Tympanistria tympanistria
Chalcopelia afra . . .
Coturnix delegorguei
Excalfactoria adansoni .
Guttera cristata
ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
T. A.
E. & W.
E. & W.
E. & W.
N.E. & S.
S.E. & W.
E., S.W., &S.
W.&S.
E., S.W., &S.
T. A.
4
-
eI
S
=
&
m
3)
6
f=) bse) pel fs
é
a
epehhpp p>
P iy &
=
Hh Z
va
E. & S.W.
E., W., & S.
WD, LN,
T. A.
E., 8.W., & S.
E., S.W., & S.
T. A.
E., W., & S.
a A,
TAN,
GW, IN,
E. & W.
R. OGILVIH-GRANT— AVES. 261
The range of the following 19 species which oceur in the Ruwenzori District
extends beyond Africa :—
Motacilla flava. Elanus ceruleus.
Anthus trivialis. Milvus egyptius.
Sylvia atricapilla. Circus macrurus.
», hortensis. | Querquedula circia.
Phylloscopus eversmanni. | Sarcidiornis melanonota.
ue trochilus. | Glareola pratincola.
Pratincola rubetra. Totanus ochropus.
Merops apiaster. | Crex crex.
>» persicus. Turtur senegalensis.
Ceryle rudis.
The species represented in the present collection may therefore be classified as
follows :—
Number of species.
Species peculiar to the Ruwenzori range . . . : : . 20
Species found on the Ruwenzori range and alee on ine Maeamie
Volcanoes 6
Species confined to ho Ruvenes ieee aia fe she pion Sara Shen
of Lakes . . . : Pe aus Seat cc iewnne te meats PCO
Hast-African species ranging to ae Tver eor Dignan ev seag Eide meneecy ieep OO)
Species peculiar to the Eturi and E. Congo Forests . . . . . ... 8
West-African species ranging to the Ruwenzori District . . . .. . QI
Angolan species ranging to the Ruwenzori District 8
South-African species ranging north to the Ruwenzori District . . . . 4
Widely distributed species found in the Ruwenzori District . . . . 94
Species whose range extends beyond Africa, found in the Ruweneor
District 19
otal eee SSo
The following isa list of the 27 new species procured by the Ruwenzori Expedition :-—
Malimbus fagani . . . . . . . Grant, Bull. B. O.C. xxi. Be, 5 (1907).
Cinnamopteryx mpange . .. . 35 re xxi. p. 15 (1907).
Hyphantornisfeminina. . . . . is Ss XX1. p. i (1907).
Spermospiza poliogenys. . . . . 6 ee xix. p. 82 (1906).
Pyromelana crassirostris . . . . oe + xxi. p. 14 (1907).
Byiteliaybelliy ie or amie ens Ss a XX1. p. i (1907).
Arne WERE 6 6 0 0 oo 8 3 5 xix. p. 26 (1906).
Nectarinia dartmouthi . . .. . a Me xvi. p. 117 (1906).
Rholidornisyd enitieemat acne , 3 xix. p. 41 (1907).
Cisticola carruthersi. . . . . . M5 3 xxill. p. 94 (1909).
Ue Ue es alo ee y & xxl, p. 71 (1908).
33
262 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Apalisidenty o>. 7. ey 2 ee Grant, Bull: B30) C. xix: pasei(l907)
Foy ATT DOU MMR eeMMN Ne Tete G5 5 mn xvi. p. 116 (1906).
SyANailley Glemtiit so 76 6 ol elo o es 6 xix. p. 21 (1906).
Alethe woosnami . . . ... . A a xix. p. 24 (1906).
pp GAMA, GS) oo. G6 0 a 30 - XIx. p. 25 (1906)
Phyllanthus czarnikowi. . . . . ie ws xix. p. 40 (1907)
Bledawoosna misty main lai 8 5 xix. p. 87 (1907).
IES? TOMO 5 5 og 5 a 6 5 3 xix. p. 33 (1906).
Chloropeta gracilirostris . . . . % ys xix. p. 33 (1906).
Erythrocercus congieus. . .. . . 5 xix. p. 41 (1907).
Trochocercus bedfordi . . . . . ae i xix. p. 40 (1907).
Crayon allow 5° 5 95 6 6 Hp zs xvi. p. 117 (1906).
Gymuobucco sladeni. . . .. . + As xix. p. 42 (1907).
Bevromale iniimmMowa 6 5 5 a 6 1c 5 Ms xix. p. 107 (1907).
Chpseiws merawanns 6 6 5° 68 oc a 3 xix. p. 56 (1907).
Caprimulgus ruwenzorii . . . 5 ig xxi. p. 94 (1909).
The following new species from Sierra Leone is also described in the present
work :—
Cinnyris kempi Grant, see p. 329.
Throughout this Report I have quoted Dr. Reichenow’s ‘ Die Végel Afrikas,’ which
is the only descriptive work dealing with the Birds of Africa as a whole. ‘The value of
this great work is generally admitted, but its scientific usefulness is in many respects
greatly lessened owing to the way in which the writings of other ornithologists have
been treated or even ignored by the author. In many instances perfectly distinct and
well-characterised species, which have not been examined by Dr. Reichenow, are
suppressed and placed in the synonymy of some more or less allied form, while quite a
number of supposed geographical races described at length by the author appear to
have no real existence.
Though much of the information contained in the ‘ Vogel Afrikas’ is derived from
the twenty-seven volumes of the ‘ Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum,’ that
great work is only referred to in the case of the new species of African birds described
therein. On the other hand, some comparatively useless works are quoted in the
synonymy.
In the lists of specimens procured by the Expedition the letter “d.” placed over
some of the collectors’ numbers indicates that those examples were duplicates not
retained in the series kept for the British Museum. ‘The initials within the brackets
signify the name of the collector, thus :—R. E. D. (=R. E. Dent); D. C. (=Douglas
Carruthers); G. L. (=Hon. Gerald Legge) and R. B. W. (=R. B. Woosnam).
The field-notes and observations by Mr. Woosnam on the local range ot the various
species will be found in square brackets with his initials appended to them.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 263
Family CorvibD@.
CORVULTUR ALBICOLLIS (Lath. ).
Corvultur albicollis Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1900, p. 602 [Kenia]; Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 38
(1900) [Toro]; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 640 (1903).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 12,500 ft., 16th Feb. [No. 158. R. £. D.|
Iris dark brown; bill black, white at the tip; feet black.
This Raven was met with by the Mackinder Expedition on Mount Kenia up to an
elevation of 10,000 ft.
[The White-necked Raven was seen on Ruwenzori up to an elevation of 14,000 ft.
A pair had a nest in a cliff overhanging our camp at 12,500 ft., but the species was
not very common at these altitudes and was most numerous below 7000 ft.—&. B. W.]
Family STURNID&.
PHOLIDAUGES VERREAUXI Bocage.
Pholidauges verreauxt Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 589 [Njemps, Eldoma Ravine].
Cinnyricinclus verreauzi Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 680 (1908); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 569
[Entebbe; Toro].
a. 6 imm. 60 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 16th Aug.
[No. 1785. D. C.]
Iris pale yellow; bill and feet black.
This example of Verreaux’s Glossy Starling is in an interesting stage ot plumage,
showing the change in the contour feathers of the upperparts from the immature to
the adult. Some of the feathers of the back are brown, others brilliant metallic
purple, and many of those on the crown and nape are still in quill.
[A single specimen obtained on the eastern edge of the Hturi Forest, near
Irumu.—R2#. B. W.]
PHOLIDAUGES SHARPEI Jackson.
Pholidauges sharpei Jackson, Ibis, 1899, pp. 303, 590, pl. xii. [Nandi, Eldoma Ravine].
Pholia hirundinea, Reich. Orn. Monatsb. vui. p. 99 (1900).
Pholia sharpet Reich. Vég. Afr. 1. p. 682 (1903).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 22nd Jan. [No. 3195, R. B. W.|
by G @ Qe a Bf 9000 ft., 3rd March. [Nos. 180, 182.
yaw pay Oa
Iris bright yellow in the male, yellowish-green or greenish-brown in the female
bill and feet black.
This rare Starling was described by Mr. Jackson from specimens procured by him
at the Eldoma Ravine in 1897. It has also been recorded by Dr. Reichenow from
the north of Lake Nyasa, and was described by him as a new genus of Flycatchers'‘
264 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
‘The pair collected by Mr. R. EK. Dent were said to be breeding. As suggested by
Dr. Sharpe (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1899, p. 590), the adult female resembles the male in plumage,
but has the belly, &c., of a paler cinnamon-rufous; it is, moreover, smaller.
‘The measurements of the above specimens are as follows :—
Wing. Tail.
mM. 1.
Malevave . inc) eee 2°55
Nemaleseeaa em tos 2°35
Hemalenn in eae oso 2:3
[Sharpe’s Starling was occasionally seen on the east side of Ruwenzori from an
altitude of 6500 ft. up to 8500 ft., but was distinctly rare. Parties were sometimes
seen flying in company with the flocks of Cinnamopterus tenwirostris, but whether this
is the usual custom of the species it is difficult to say.—R. B. W.]
LAMPROCOLIUS SPLENDIDUS (Vieill.).
Lamprocolius splendidus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 692 (1903).
Lamprocolius splendidus glaucovirens Klliot ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 39 (1900) [Fort Beni];
Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 693 (1903).
a,b. 3 2. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500-3700 ft., 29th Nov. [Nos. 1016. D. C.;
2011. G. L.]
c,d. 36 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd & 24th July. [Nos. 2431.
G. L.; 3516. Rk. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris white; bill and feet black.
Both pairs of this extremely beautiful Glossy Starling are apparently in freshly
moulted plumage; but the birds killed in July have the tips of the tail-feathers
slightly worn.
There can be little doubt that Z. glaucovirens Elliot is founded on a male example
of L. splendidus (Vieill.). Owing, no doubt, to the lack of specimens in which the
sex had been ascertained, Dr. Sharpe (Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. pp. 172, 173) considered
the sexes to represent distinct species. The specimens referred by him to L. splendidus
with the “ throat bluish-purple and the head of the same metallic-green as the mantle ”
are all females; while those with the ‘“ throat reddish-purple and the head steel-blue
or steel-green, contrasting with the oil-green of the mantle,” and named L. glauco-
virens, are all males.
The measurements of the four specimens procured by the Expedition are as
follows :—
Wing. Tail.
in. in.
Males. . . . . 61-62 4c 64°85
Females. . : . 5:6—-5:95 4-4 —4-5
[This handsome Glossy Starling was seen throughout the journey from Victoria
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES, 265
Nyanza to the edge of the Eturi Forest. It was not found on Ruwenzori above
an altitude of 5000 ft—R. B. W.]
CINNAMOPTERUS TENUIROSTRIS (Ripp.).
Cinnamopterus tenuirostris Reich. Vég. Afr. 11. p. 703 (1903); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 569
[Ruwenzori]; Sharpe, P. Z.S. 1900, p. 602 [Kenia].
a-d. 3 2 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-10,000 ft., 6th—28th
d. d.
Jain, (PINs, LOO, Jt J% JD;3 LUGS, IO. Obs AGS), Ge tho5 BA); Tek, Je, 9)
é-g. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000-10,000 ft., 21st—25th Feb.
d.
[Nos. 165. #. £. D.; 1268, 1269. D. C]
h-s. 6 9 et ¢ 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-9000 ft., 3rd—20th
d. d. d. d.
March. [[Nos. 212. #. #. D.; 1283, 1285, 1308, 1385, 1386, 1387. D. €.; 2220,
1 UL, BODES, Eh Ihe
Iris dark hazel-brown or dark brown; bill and feet black. The colours of three
immature birds are similar to those of the adult.
In my notes on the birds collected in Sokotra (cf. Nat. Hist. Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri,
p- 23) I pointed out the interesting fact that in the young female of the Starling Amydrus
blytht the head and neck are black like those of the male parent, the grey plumage
of the adult female being subsequently assumed. ‘The same peculiarity is noticeable
in the present species. Immature birds, both male and female, resemble the male
parent in lacking all trace of grey edgings to the feathers; but the whole plumage is
much less glossy. In the adult male the feathers of the back and underparts below
the throat are black widely margined with purplish-bronze; in the young the feathers
of the back are more narrowly edged with bluish-purple and the underparts are dull
black with scarcely any gloss. The tail in the immature bird is shorter than in the
adult.
Wing. Tail.
in. in.
Adil tices ene Ose 775)
ee CMLL ers sh ist) Oro 65
Imornmre G 5 so 5 6 BY) 3°8
96 Omnis lest ten ORM 5°6
[These Red-winged Starlings were plentiful on Ruwenzori from 6500 to 10,000 ft.
They were usually seen in large flocks flying up or down the valleys; great numbers
used to roost in the tall trees and cliffs around the camp at 10,000 ft., and their shrill
call was one of the few bird-notes that was to be heard above 9000 ft. They appeared
to feed largely upon the berries of the Pedocarpus (P. milanjiana).—k. b. W.|
VOL. XIX.—PART Iv. No. 36.—WMarch, 1910. 20
266 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZUR1 EXPEDITION.
Pa@oprera STUHLMANNI Reichenow.
Stilbopsar stuhlmanni Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 706 (1908).
a. 2imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th Sept. [No. 528. R. EF. D.|
Iris yellow; bill and feet black.
This specimen, which is no doubt immature, has the plumage mostly black with
very little of the oil-green gloss on the underparts which is characteristic of the adult
female; it is also a somewhat smaller bird, the tail especially being shorter.
Adult female. Wing 3-9 inches; tail 3:05.
Immature female. Wing 3°75 inches; tail 2°4.
[This small Red-winged Starling was shot among the tops of high trees.—k. B. W. |
LAMPROTORNIS PORPHYROPTERUS Riipp.
Lamprotornis purpuropterus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 710 (1903).
Lamprotornis porphyropterus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 568 [Toro; Ankoli]; Grant, Ibis, 1902,
p. 401, 1907, p. 580.
a,b. 6%. 70 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 30th Nov. & Ist Dec. [Nos. 19.
153 1h 10.8 SOND, Jt, J, 47]
2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 7th Dec. [No. 2022. G. L.]
3g. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1051. D.C]
6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th April. [No. 1427. D. C.]
Vo Go 0. op ni . 5th & 19th May. [Nos. 344. Rk. E. D.;
0334. G. The 4
h,i. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.. 16th & 17th June. [Nos. 1637. D. C.;
2404. G. L.|
Iris white or very pale yellow; bill and feet black.
The characters by which this shorter-tailed form of the Purple-winged Glossy
Starling is distinguished from L. aneocephalus Heugl. have already been pointed out
at some length in my papers in the ‘Ibis,’ quoted above.
The measurements of the above series are as follows :—
Sse as
Wing. Tail.
in. in.
INTE oo 38 OP IL 5-55-5'8
Females. . . . 5'1-5°3 4-6 —5:0
In freshly moulted examples, such as No. 344, killed on the 19th of May, the
feathers of the back and breast are purplish-green; in worn examples, such as
specimen 1051, killed on the 8th of December, the feathers of these parts are mostly
deep violet, while the exposed portions of many of the quills are brownish-black and
entirely lack the metallic gloss.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 267
[This Glossy Starling was seen throughout the journey from Entebbe to Ruwenzori ;
it was not observed on the mountains, but was not uncommon in the acacia-country at
the south end of the range.—R. B. W.]
Family DicruRIDa&.
Dicrurus AFER (Licht.).
Dicrurus afer Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 646 (1903).
Buchanga afra Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 567 [Toro].
a. 2. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 17. R. E. Dz.)
6. S. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 6th Dec. [No. 1035. D. C.]
c. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 30th April. [No. 260. R. E. D.]
d-g. set dimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th-22nd May. [Nos. 289,
d. d.
308, 348. k. H. D.; 1600. D. C.] 4
h-k. 3 2. Mokia, S.B. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th-16th June. [Nos. 446, 461,
464. R. E. D.|
Iris red, claret or reddish-brown in adults, hazel or brown in immature examples ;
bill and feet black.
[This Drongo was seen near Entebbe and along the eastern side of Ruwenzori, as
well as in the upper part of the Semliki Valley.— A. B. W.|
DICRURUS ATRIPENNIS Swains.
Dicrurus atripennis Reich. Vog. Afr. i1. p. 651 (1908).
a, 6. 2. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th & 21st Oct. [Nos. 569. R. #. D.;
3639. R. B. W.]
Iris crimson or claret-colour; bill and feet black.
‘The presence of this West-African Drongo in the Eturi Forest is of interest,
as hitherto it has only been recorded as occurring between Gambia and the Gaboon.
Both specimens are in freshly moulted plumage, most of the tail-feathers in No. 3639
being only partially grown.
The two females measure respectively :—
Wing. Tail.
in. in.
URS ie Va AES 36
CL eR okt stoets AED 3°9
{Not uncommon in the forests around Fort Beni, Irumu, and Mawambi.—R, B. W.)
268 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family ORIOLID&,
ORIOLUS ROLLETI Salvadori.
Oriolus rolleti Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 595 [Entebbe, Kamassia, Eldoma Ravine, Nandi];
1906, p. 568 [Toro].
Oriolus larvatus rolleti Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 659 (1903).
a. S. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1046. D. C.]
b-e. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd-18th May. [No. 310. &. E. D.;
d.
1477, 1534, 1584. D. C.]
f. &. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 19th June. [No. 1646. D. C]
Iris light red, red, or dark red; bill flesh-colour, pink, reddish-brown, or brown;
feet grey, dark grey, bluish-grey, or black.
The male (No. 310) shot on the 10th May is marked by Mr. Dent as being a
breeding-bird. It appears to be perfectly adult, but shows scarcely a trace of any
yellow colour on the hind-neck, which is only a little brighter than the back. A
female (No. 1534) shot on the same date has the yellow collar on the hind-neck well
developed (as is the case in all the other birds both male and female), and the feathers
of both the mantle and the breast have narrow dusky shaft-streaks.
[Rollet’s Oriole was obtained near Entebbe and was seen occasionally throughout
the journey to Ruwenzori. It was not uncommon among the taller acacia-trees on
the plains around the south end.—k. B. W.|
ORIOLUS L&TIOR Sharpe.
Oriolus letior Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. vii. p. xvii (1897) ; id. Ibis, 1898, p. 155 [Gaboon] ;
Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 39 (1900) [ Fort Beni].
Oriolus larvatus letior Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 661 (1903).
a. 3. 60 miles north of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 15th Aug. [No. 1783.
D.C.)
6b. 2imm. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 22nd Oct. [No. 3641. R. B. W.|
c. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th Sept. [No. 3564. &. B. W.]
Male. Iris dark red; bill pink; feet dark grey.
Female. Iris dark chestnut; bill reddish-brown; feet grey.
Immature female. Iris light brown; bill dark brown; feet grey.
This Oriole was originally described in the briefest manner from a specimen from
Gaboon. It also inhabits the Cameroon district, and has been procured by Dr. Ansorge
near Fort Beni.
A marked difference in plumage between the sexes of this species has hitherto been
overlooked and is worth recording. The male, besides having a much wider and more
brilliant yellow collar which extends over the mantle, differs from the female in
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 269
having the inner webs of the innermost secondary-quills widely margined with deep
black, contrasting sharply with the olive-green portion which lies next to the shaft.
In the female the yellow collar is paler and much narrower (much as in males of
O. brachyrhynchus), and the inner webs of the innermost secondaries are olive-green,
gradually shading into dusky olive towards the margin.
The nearly allied O. brachyrhynchus, which ranges from Sierra Leone to Togo,
appears to show the same sexual differences as regards the coloration of the innermost
secondary-quills, but in none of the specimens in the British Museum Collection has.
the sex been determined.
[This Yellow-collared Oriole appears to be plentiful in the Congo Forest. It was
not often seen, but a clear mellow note, presumably of this species, was often heard
from among the tree-tops. It was plentiful in the Mpanga Forest, east of Ruwenzori.
Li), PW]
ORIOLUS PERCIVALI Grant.
Oriolus larvatus Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 243 [part., nos. 301, 324, Elgon].
Oriolus rolleti Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 595 [part., nos. 1226, 1228, 1249, Nandi].
Oriolus percivali Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xiv. p. 18 (1903) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. in. App. p. 836
(1905).
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th Sept. [No. 520. Rk. #. D.]
Iris dark crimson; bill “ bone”-colour; feet slate-grey.
The type of this species was procured by Mr. A. B. Percival in the Kikuyu Forest,
and there are specimens in the Jackson Collection from Mt. Elgon and Nandi, which
are referred to in the synonymy given above.
The present specimen, a female, differs only from the type in its somewhat smaller
size: wing 5:2 inches; tail 3:5.
Family PLOCEID &.
MALIMBUS CENTRALIS Reichenow.
Malimbus rubricollis centralis Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 21 (1904).
Malimbus centralis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 567 [ Kibera, Toro].
a,b. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th & 22nd Sept. [Nos. 527.
J8, 15, D5 BUG, Th. Jes 7a
Iris dark brown or dark crimson; bill and feet black.
This is merely a slightly smaller form of I. rubricollis (Swains.), the bill, as pomted
out by Dr. Reichenow, being much more slender than in the typical West-African
form.
[Reichenow’s Malimbe was plentiful in the Mpanga Forest. It was only seen among
the tops of the tall trees and never among the undergrowth.—2. B. W.]
270 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Ma.imBus MaLimBicus (Daud.).
Malimbus malimbicus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 21 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 349 (1905).
a. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 1756. D. C.]
b. 2. 30 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 12th Aug. [No. 2448. G. L.|
c. 3. Irumn, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 568. k. E. D.|
Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill and feet black.
[The Crested Malimbe was found in the Congo Forest, where it frequented the tops
of tall trees—R. B. W.|]
Mauimpus Fagani Grant. (Plate X. fig. 1, ¢.)
Malimbus fagani Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 15 (1907).
a. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [No. 3508. R. B.W. Type
of the species. |
This species is very closely allied to M. erythrogaster Reich., but differs in having
a smaller bill, the red on the crown and underparts more intense, and the flanks,
thighs, and under tail-coverts mostly black, some of the feathers being more or less
mixed with red. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet brown. ‘Total length 6 inches;
culmen 0:9; wing 3°6; tail 2°05; tarsus 0°9.
The type of this species, a fine adult male specimen, has been compared with male
and female examples of J. erythrogaster Reichenow, collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge
in Southern Nigeria, and kindly sent me for examination from the Tring Museum.
These agree well with Dr. Reichenow’s description and figure of the types of
M. erythrogaster, which were procured by Dr. Zenker at Jaunde, Cameroon.
Though the differences mentioned above are not very pronounced, they seem to
indicate that the specimen from Fort Beni represents a distinct form.
MALIMBUS NIGERRIMUS (Vieill.).
Ploceus nigerrimus Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 50 (1904).
Melanopteryx nigerrima Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 862 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p.566 [Toro].
Malimbus nigerrimus Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 278 [ Upper Congo].
ae. 6 et ¢ imm. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 19th—24th July.
Nos. 482. B. B. D.; 1796. D. @.; 2421, 2434, 2435. @. 1]
f. &. 40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 2449. Gi. She]
g,h. 3 & Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th-17th Sept. [Nos. 522.
IP, 10, ID, 8 BOa. Ji, em 1175)
Adult male. Iris yellow or light yellow; bill black; feet brown.
Adult female. Iris dirty yellow ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet brown.
[ Vieillot’s Black Malimbe was very numerous in the clearings in the Congo Forest
and a few were also seen in the Mpanga Forest, east of Ruwenzori. It was nesting in
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 27)
huge colonies, and in one place a tall tree had at least 100 nests of this bird hanging
from its branches.—R. B. W.]
ANAPLECTES MELANOTIS (Lafr.).
Anaplectes melanotis Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 26 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 388 (1905)
[part.] ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 276 [S.W. Uganda].
a,b. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 30th April. [Nos. 244,
MOMs Ji JB, D.||
c,d. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., dth & 31st May. [Nos. 4053.
lie Jd, ID. 2 MSV, 2), (5)
é. ¢. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th June. [No. 3457. R. B. W.]
Adult male. Iris reddish-brown, chocolate, or hazel; bill scarlet; feet brown or
mauve.
Adult female. Iris dark brown or hazel; bill red; feet brown or light brown.
The female (/) shot on the 30th of April is in very worn plumage, the feathers,
especially those of the breast, having the terminal half more or less worn off.
All three males are moulting, and many of the scarlet feathers of the head and throat
are being renewed.
[A few examples of the Red-winged Anaplectes were found in the acacia-forest on
the plains round the south end of Ruwenzori, but the species was by no means
common.—h. B. W.]
SYCOBROTUS MENTALIS (Hartl.).
Ploceus mentalis Reich. Vog. Afr. m. p. 35 (1904).
Sycobrotus mentalis Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 371 (1995).
Sycobrotus nandensis Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 615.
a. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th Sept. [No. 516. &. ED.)
Tris crimson ; bill slate-blue; feet flesh-colour.
This bird is no doubt a male of S. mentalis (Hartl.) and closely resembles the
female type of S. nandensis Jackson, but the underparts are much brighter yellow,
especially on the chest and breast. As in the type of S. nandensis, there is an inter-
rupted half-hidden line of black spots down the middle of the chest, formed by some of
the median feathers having one web partially black; the grey back and upperparts are
shghtly paler and have a distinct yellowish tinge. ‘Total length 5-5 inches; wing 3:3; ’
tail 2°05; tarsus 0°89.
Dr. Hartert has kindly forwarded from the Tring Museum the type of S. entalis
(Hartl.), procured by Emin at Buguera (Wadelai); also four examples collected
by Herr R. Grauer in the Mpanga Forest. These latter show considerable variation
as regards the amount of yellow on the throat, one having the throat almost entirely
272: ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
black, while another has the middle of the throat mostly yellow and closely resembles
the type of 8. mentalis. There can be little doubt that the type of S. nandensis is a
female of the present species, and that the name should be added to the synonymy.
In the type of S. mentalis (a male) the wing measures 3°4 inches ; in five males from
the Mpanga Forest the wing measures 3°1-3°3; and in the type of S. nandensis
(a female) it measures 3:2.
|The Black-chinned Grey-backed Weaver was not uncommon in the Mpanga Forest,
and was also observed in the Congo Forest.—k. B. W.|
HETERHYPHANTES STUHLMANNI Reich.
Symplectes stuhlmanni Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 42 (1900) [Uganda ; Toro; Unyoro].
Ploceus stuhlmanni Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 40, pl. xii. fig. 3 (1904).
Othyphantes stuhlmanni Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 453 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 566 [Toro].
a,b. d et ¢ imm. 130 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000-4200 ft., 10th Dec. [Nos. 45.
lik Jie ID, § BOS Jie IB5 Via)
-¢. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 29th Dec. [No. 55. &. EH. D.]
d,é. 3. ua iy ur 5th & 6th Jan. [Nos. 1108.
d.
D, Os BOTs The, Je, Whe)
fi. ¢ 2 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist—24th Feb.
e a.
[Nos. 139. #. E. D.; 1266. D.C.; 2137, 2169. G. L.]
k-p. 6 2 et 2 imm., Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-6000 ft. 14th-25th
d. d. d.
March. [Nos. 2196, 219%, 2222, 2230, 2234, 2247. G. Z.]
g. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 11th May. [No. 1546. D. C.]
Pa Qs us pi 4 29th June. [No. 1712. D. C.]
Adult male and female. Iris white or pale yellow; bill black; feet brown, light
brown, or flesh-colour.
Immature. Iris hazel or dark brown (one marked “ grey”); bill and feet brown.
‘The immature bird differs from the adult in having the top and sides of the head
olive-green ; the mantle and back greenish-olive, more heavily streaked, and the
underparts paler yellow, washed with buff, especially on the flanks.
. This species was not previously represented in the British Museum, though there
were two examples in Mr. Jackson’s collection.
Dr. Reichenow describes the female of H. stuhimanni as having the belly white,
washed with brownish, and the under tail-coverts pale golden. Captain Shelley, on
the other hand, says that the female is nearly like the male in plumage, with the
entire underparts bright yellow. ‘This is no doubt the case, as all our female specimens
differ from the males only in having the olive-green of the nape extending on to the
occiput, whereas in the males the entire top of the head and nape are black. The
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 278
bird described by Dr. Reichenow as the female of his J/. stuhlmanni is certainly
neither the adult female nor the young bird of that species; possibly it is the female
of H. emint Hartl., which more or less answers the description as regards the colour
of the belly, &c.
I may here mention that both Dr. Reichenow and Captain Shelley have united
Heterhyphantes zaphirot (Grant) from Abyssinia with H. emini, the latter stating that
H. zaphiroi with its black back is merely the summer plumage of H. emini. ‘here is
no evidence to prove that the feathers of the back in A. emini become uniform black
in summer, or vice versa, quite the contrary. In the nearly allied H. reichenowi
Fischer, which has the abdomen yellow, the feathers of the back remain black
throughout the year. All the evidence goes to prove that 1. zaphiroi is a perfectly
distinct species. The British Museum possesses an adult male from Adis Ababa
procured by Captain Welby. This specimen, like the female type and a second
specimen sent by Mr. Zaphiro, has the mantle and back entirely black. The date of
capture is not recorded.
[Stuhlmann’s Weaver was seen near Entebbe and at Fort Portal; it was numerous on
Ruwenzori up to an elevation of 7000 ft., both on the eastern and western sides.—
R. BW]
HETERHYPHANTES STEPHANOPHORUS Sharpe.
Heterhyphantes stephanophorus Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, pp. 117, 253, pl. vi. fig. 2; Shelley,
B. Afr. iv. p. 379 (1905).
Ploceus stephanophorus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 43 (1904).
a-d. 9 et 2 imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th-23rd Sept.
[ Nos. 509, 539, 556. #. FE. D.; 3599. BR. B. W.]
Adult female. Iris crimson or chestnut; bill black; feet slate or grey.
The female of this species is readily distinguished from that of the nearly allied
western representative H, melanogaster (Shelley). In the present species the yellow
on the crown scarcely extends beyond the posterior margin of the eye, whereas in the
latter species the entire crown is yellow.
In the males of this species the extent of the yellow on the crown seems to vary
somewhat. In the type-specimen from Mau, as well as in birds from Nandi and
Mount Elgon, the yellow extends considerably behind the eye; while in birds from
Toro it is shorter and does not usually extend beyond the posterior margin.
[A few examples of Jackson’s Yellow-headed Black Weaver were found in the:
Mpanga Forest, but they were rather uncommon. ‘They appeared to frequent
the undergrowth and not the tree-tops.—F#. B. W.|
VOL. XIx.— Part tv. No. 37.—WMarch, 1910. 2P
274 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
HETERHYPHANTES NIGRICOLLIS (Vieill.).
Ploceus nigricollis Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 44 (1904).
Heterhyphantes nigricollis Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 881 (1905).
a-e. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd & 24th July. [Nos. 491.
d. d.
R. E. D.; 1745. D.C.; 2429, 2432, G. L.; 3513. R. B.W.]|
f. 8. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 9th Aug. [No. 3536, R. B. W.]
g- Imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 549. &. #. D.]
Adult male. Iris brown or dark brown ; bill black; feet grey or bluish-brown.
Adult female. Iris light or dark brown; bill black; feet grey or slate-colour.
Immature. Bill dusky (pale horn-colour in skin).
In the oldest male examples the back is deep black like the broad nuchal band with
which it is confluent, and the feathers of the rump and upper tail-coverts are mixed
with black and olive. In younger male examples the back is strongly washed with
olive and contrasts more or less sharply with the black nuchal band; the rump and
upper tail-coverts are olive.
[Vieillot’s Black-and-Yellow Weaver was not uncommon in the forest near
Fort Beni and was also met with in the Mpanga Forest. It has a very remarkable
double note, both soft and musical, like the striking of two or three glass finger-bowls
at the same time.—Zf. B. W.]
CINNAMOPTERYX MPANG& Grant.
Cinnamopteryx mpange Grant, Bull. B, O. C. xxi. p. 15 (1907).
a. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft, 20th Sept. [No. 3591. R. B. W.
Type of the species. |
This species is most nearly allied to C. tricolor (Havrtl.), but the black on the head
is continued on to the nape and the yellow band across the upper mantle is much
narrower, being confined to three or four series of the shorter feathers, which are
merely tipped with yellow and have the blackish basal portion separated by a white
band. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet dark brown. Total length ca. 6 inches;
culmen 0°38; wing 3°5; tail 2°05; tarsus 0:9.
Since I described this Weaver I have recently examined three males of this species
procured by Mr. Jackson’s collectors in the Kibera Forest, Toro. Two agree in all
respects with the type, but in the third specimen the yellow band across the mantle
is rather wider, and in this respect approaches the West-African C. tricolor.
[A single example of this Chestnut Weaver was obtained in the Mpanga Forest,
east of Ruwenzori. It was one of a pair which had a nest suspended at the end of a
thin bough, about 60 ft. from the ground. The nest was about three parts finished by
the middle of September, when we moved our camp. Unfortunately we failed to
obtain the female.—R. B. W.]
bo
~~]
ex
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
HYPHANTORNIS DIMIDIATUS Antin. & Salvad.
Ploceus dimidiatus Reich. Vog. Afr. ili. p. 69 (1904).
Hyphantornis dimidiatus Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 436 (1905).
a. ¢. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 2009. G. Z.]
6. Imm. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 7th Dec. [No. 2023. G. L.]
c,d. &. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th & 9th Dec. [Nos. 3044, 3048.
R. B. W.|
e-g. 2 et d imm. Mubuku Valley, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 23rd—26th March.
[Nos. 1409, 1410, 1418. D. C.]
h-k. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 5th April. [Nos. 2272, 2273,
2275. G. L.]
Lp. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-25th May. [Nos. 304, 370, 371.
Ji, J8i IDS NS2AQ, LD, Oks sylvain Jen, VG]
g. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th June. [No. 2407. G. L.]
r. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [No. 1742. D. C.]
Adult male and female. Iris brown or dark brown; bill black in male, lower
mandible brown in female; feet brown.
This Weaver was found breeding at Mokia on the 9th and the 25thof May. There
are full-plumaged males killed in November, December, April, May, and July. One
male specimen dated the 8th of December is in nearly full plumage, but still retains
some of the heavily black-striped feathers of the female plumage on the back, while
the underparts are mixed with buff feathers. Another male specimen killed on the
5th of April, as well as a specimen marked female (No. 3321) obtained on the 4th
of May (in full male plumage, vide supra), have black shaft-stripes to the feathers of
the mantle.
This species ranges from Wadelai in the north to South Ruwenzori in the south,
and extends eastwards to Entebbe. It is quite distinct from H. jacksoni Shelley,
which ranges from Arusha and Kilimanjaro to Jake Baringo and Entebbe. Captain
Shelley states that there are in the Jackson Collection specimens of HH. jacksoni
procured at Butiaba, on Albert Nyanza; but this is certainly an error, as one of the
specimens in question, a full-plumaged male, is clearly referable to H. dimidiatus.
I have examined full-plumaged males of both species from Entebbe, where their
ranges meet.
The adult male of 1. jacksoni may be recognized by having the culmen nearly
straight, the black of the head continued on to the hind-neck, the mantle, like the
back of the neck, bright yellow, and the breast and belly deep chestnut.
In H. dimidiatus the culmen is curved; the black of the head does not extend
* Marked “9 ,” but with plumage like that of the adult male, except that the black on the occiput is
mottled with reddish-orange and the back is striped.
276 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
beyond the occiput and is divided from the olive-yellow mantle by a bright yellow
collar; the breast is orange-chestnut ; and the belly is mostly yellow, only the sides
and flanks being washed with orange-chestnut.
The female of H. jacksoni is easily distinguished from the female of H. dimidiatus,
as the following comparative table of characters will show :—
H. dimidiatus, 2. | HI, jacksoni, 2.
General colour of the back and rump pale General colour of the back and rump olive, the
brown, the mantle streaked with black; | mantle streaked with black ; upper tail-
upper tail-coverts sandy-brown. coverts bright olive-green.
Throat white; breast and sides of the body | Throat and rest of the underparts pale yellow,
pale buff; middle of the belly and under | slightly washed with buff on the sides of
tail-coverts whitish. the body and flanks.
[Antinori’s Black-headed Weaver was plentiful all round the south end of
Ruwenzori below 5000 ft. and at Fort Beni. It was generally seen singly or in
pairs.—R. B. W.]
The eggs of H. jacksoni are figured from specimens in the Jackson Collection
(Pl. XIX. figs. 2, 4 (eggs)).
HyYpHANTORNIS INTERMEDIUS (Riupp.).
Ploceus intermedius Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 72 (1904).
Hyphantornis intermedius Grant & Reid, Ibis, 1901, p. 622 (S. Abyssinia) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv.
p. 401 (1905) [part. ].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th April. [No. 3273. R. B. W.|
bf. 52. 5 9 0 10th—30th May. [Nos. 396. R. E. D.;
a. d.
1586, 1602. D. C.; 2361, 2387. G. L.]
g. 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th June. [No. 470. R. E. D.|
Adult male. Iris white or cream-colour; bill black; feet grey or blue.
Adult female. Iris pale yellow or yellow; bill dark horn-colour or brown; feet
grey or slate-colour.
Immature. Iris dark brown; otherwise as in the female.
The Ruwenzori birds appear to be fairly typical examples of H. intermedius, but
the type from Abyssinia has the nape and occiput rather more strongly washed with
brownish-orange. The nearly allied H. cabanisi Peters, the southern representative
of the present species, has the occiput and nape bright yellow and appears to be a
perfectly distinct form. Captain Shelley, who does not keep the two forms separate,
has followed the ‘Catalogue of Birds’ in referring certain specimens in the British
Museum from Lamu and Pangani to the southern form, H. cabanisi, which he says
is found south of the Equator; but, in my opinion, they should really be referred to
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. : Dita
the northern form, H. intermedius. ‘The only adult male procured by Mr. Pease at
Daira Aila, in Southern Abyssinia, is clearly referable to H. intermedius.
I have examined full-plumaged males of typical H. intermedius from Shoa, Southern
Abyssinia, Lamu, Pangani, and from South-east Ruwenzori; and of 7. cabanisi from
Nyasaland, Matabele, Bamangwato, and Damaraland.
[The Intermediate Masked Weaver was only met with on the plains at, the south-
east end of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
HYPHANTORNIS FEMININA Grant.
Hyphantornis feminina Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 15 (1907).
a. &. 30 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 26th Nov. [No. 2006. G. Z.]
b. @. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 3010. R&. B. W.]
c. d. 00 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 28th Nov. [No. 2010. G. ZL.)
dn. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th-30th April. [Nos. 256, 258.
d. a. d. d.
R. E. D.; 1464. D.C.; 2296, 2301, 2302, 2308. G. L.; 3294, 3296, 3297. R. B. W.]
o-x. & 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—24th May. [Nos. 321, 322 *,
a. d. d.
, 363. A. HE. D.; 2317 *, 2390. G. L.; 3368, 3356, 3370. R. B. W.]
9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th & 6th June. [Nos. 428, 434.
The adult male does not appear to differ in any marked particular from typical
males of H. abyssinicus (Gmel.). Iris pink, red, orange, chestnut, or brown; bill
dark horn-colour or black; feet brown or flesh-colour. Total length 5:8 inches;
culmen 0°85; wing 3°5; tail 2°05; tarsus 0-9.
The adult female ditfers from the female of H. abyssinicus (Gmel.), which has the
chin and throat yellow and the rest of the underparts buff, in having the underparts
mostly yellow, much as in H. cucullatus (Mull.). Freshly moulted females (April to
May) have the mantle and back washed with dull greenish-yellow, while in a winter
specimen (November) these parts are greyish-browu in strong contrast to the head
and nape, which are washed with yellow. Total length 5:8 inches; culmen 0°85;
wing 3°15; tail 1°85; tarsus 0 87.
There are numerous examples of this form in the Jackson Collection from various
localities in Uganda.
[This large Weaver was plentiful on the plains at the south-eastern end of
Ruwenzori and also at Fort Beni. It was breeding in large colonies in the acacias
and hundreds of nests might be seen in a single tree—F. B. W.|
* Types of the species.
278 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
HypHANTORNIS XANTHOPS Hartl.
Ploceus xanthops Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 88 (1904).
P. wv. jamesoni (Sharpe) and P. x. camburni (Sharpe); Reich. 1. c. p. 90 (1904).
Xanthophilus wanthops Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 483 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 566 [Toro].
Hyphantornis xwanthops Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 277 [Lakes Kivu and Tanganyika].
a-d. 9 et 6 9 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th-28th March.
[Nos. 216. BR. #. D.; 2229, 2254. G. L.; 3219. Rk. B. W.]
é, f. dé imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 4th & Sth April. [Nos. 2269,
2274. G. L.]
g. d. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th May. [No. 2362. G. L.]
h,i. g imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th & 6th June. ([Nos. 428.
R. E. D.; 3459. BR. B. W.]
Adult male. Iris yellow; bill black ; feet brown.
Adult female. Iris cream-colour ; bill black ; feet flesh-colour or brown.
Immature. Iris grey or dark brown; bill yellow (dark at the base); feet brown or
slate-colour.
Dr. Reichenow regards H. camburni Sharpe and H. jamesoni Sharpe as subspecies
of H. xanthops. There can, however, be no doubt that the type of H. camburni,
from the Nairobi Forest, isa quite young male example of H. ranthops;, while the type
of H. jamesoni, from the Umvuli River, is a nearly adult male of the same species,
but with less yellow on the bead. Captain Shelley has very properly united all under
H. xanthops, but at the same time he maintains that the southern form from south
of the Zambesi (H. jameson?) is a greener bird, while that found to the north is brighter
and yellower (ZH. aurantiiqula Cab. and H. camburni). The series in the British Museum
seems, however, to show that birds from the south when fully adult are almost, if not
quite, as bright as examples from the more northern parts of this bird’s range. Of two
male birds collected by Mr. Carruthers at Lakes Kivu and Tanganyika respectively,
that from the former and more northern locality has the back greener and the crown
much less brilliant, the difference being no doubt entirely due to age.
[A few examples of Hartlaub’s Golden Weaver were seen on the plains on the east
side of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.|
HYPHANTORNIS CASTANOPS (Shelley).
Ploceus castanops Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 96 (1904).
Xanthophilus castanops Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 471 (1905).
a,b. 6 2. Fort Portal, 3500 ft., 5th July. (Nos. 3499, 3500. &. B. W.]
Iris very pale yellow; bill black ; feet brown.
The male, a very fine specimen, has the lores and chin black, and, in this respect,
differs slightly from any of the specimens in the British Museum or in the Jackson
Collection.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 279
[A few examples of the Nile Brown-throated Weaver were seen at Fort Portal.
They were breeding in July; their nests, rather small in size and almost perfectly
round, were composed of fine strips of grass and creepers not very compactly woven
together. ‘There were five or six nests hanging from the boughs of a small tree, but
only one pair of birds appeared to inhabit the tree.—R. B. W.]
HYPHANTORNIS SUPERCILIOSUS (Shelley).
Ploceus superciliosus Reich. Vog. Afr. it. p. 96 (1904).
Pachyphantes supercilosus Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 448 (1905).
d.
a-e. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [Nos. 490. R. H. D.;
UAT. D, CL, DEIR, 9493, 2494. G. 1p)
Iris brown or dark brown ; upper mandible black, lower mandible grey; feet brown.
When volume xiii. of the ‘Catalogue of the Birds’ was written the series of
examples of this species in the British Museum included only West-African specimens,
which ranged from the Gold Coast to the Loango Coast and northwards to Shonga on
the River Niger. ‘The species is known, however, to occur in Liberia and to extend
eastwards to the Lakes. ‘There are four examples in the Jackson Collection from
Lewekala, in Uganda, killed in the month of August, and these, like the July specimens
in the present collection, are in full or nearly full breeding-plumage.
|The Compact Weaver was only met with in the neighbourhood of Fort Beni, where
it was not uncommon.—R. B, W.|
SITAGRA ALIENA Sharpe. (Plate XIX. fig. 18, egg.)
Sitagra aliena Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C. xii. p. 21 (1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 565
[Ruwenzori].
Ploceus alienus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 68 (1904).
Hyphanturgus alienus Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 892, pl. xxxix. fig. 2 (1905).
a-h. 8 9 et 6 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 5th—20th Jan.
d. d.
[BNios)G5, 1685) Clb SO iia ess IelOs NSO Ds, C2)
i,k. 6 @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-7000 ft., 6th & I1th Feb.
[Nos. 2145, 2154. G. L.]
l-s. 6 2 et 6 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft., 8th-26th
Mareh. [Nos. 194. &. E. D.; 1369, 1370. D. C.; 2215, 2244, 2245, 2249. G. L.;
3235. R. B. W.|
Iris red or dark red; bill black; feet brown, blue-grey, or slate-colour.
A fine series of this handsome Weaver was collected in all stages of plumage from
the quite young bird to the fully adult. Descriptions of some of these plumages will
280 “ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
be found in Captain Shelley’s work, but they require modification, being partly based
on assumption.
Seven adult males have the entire head and throat black, the latter bordered by a
wide chestnut area.
Six adult females have the chin and upper part of the throat black and the lower
part of the throat deep chestnut, like the surrounding area.
Two skins marked ¢, one in the Jackson Collection and the other (No. 117)
procured by Mr. Dent, have the throat like that of the adult females described above,
the black feathers not extending beyond the upper part of the throat. Mr. Dent notes
that his specimen was “ breeding,” and though it is difficult to believe that so careful a
collector can have made a mistake, it seems probable that he has accidentally marked
‘““¢”’ on the label where he meant to mark “2.”
An apparently fully adult female shot by Mr. Legge (no. 2244) has only the chin
black, the whole throat being chestnut.
Five specimens (two males and three females) are in partially immature plumage,
with the base of the under mandible whitish and with many of the feathers of the head
and throat olive, like the back. The black feathers on the throat are confined to the
upper part in males and females alike.
In a younger female the entire head and throat are olive-colour, the feathers of the
upper chest being tinged with orange, indicating the position of the chestnut area.
In a still younger male the middle of the breast and belly is white tinged with
buff and mixed with a few yellow feathers on the sides.
The nest found on the 23rd of January contained two eggs, of a long oval shape
and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is creamy-white thickly speckled with brick-
red and with a few underlying spots of dull lavender-grey. They measure respectively
93 by °58 and °88 by °59.
[The Alien Weaver was found on Ruwenzori from an elevation of 5500 ft. up to
$500, frequenting both the forest and the more open country below. A nest found at
an altitude of 6000 ft. was suspended from the end of a bough, about 10 ft. above the
ground, and was composed almost entirely of the thin tendrils of creepers with a few
fine strips from blades of grass.—R. B. W.}
SITAGRA OcULARIA (Smith).
Ploceus ocularius p. 45 and P. 0. crocatus (Hartl.) p. 46, Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. (1904).
Hyphanturgus ocularius Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 385 (1905).
a,b. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwexzori, 6000 ft., 29th & 31st Dec. [Nos. 1075.
d.
D. C.; 2036. G. L.]
c,d. 6 et 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-6000 ft., 3rd & 7th April.
[Nos. 2266, 2280. G. L.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 281
e-1. 6 Q et ¢ 2imm. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th-29th May. [Nos. 301,
DOO, GOI Ih JI Dg UGB; ID, G5 2 3804. 18 185 Vo]
k. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 496. R. E. D.]
Adult male. Iris varies from pale yellow to dark brown; bill black; feet pink, grey,
or slate-colour.
Adult female. Iris white or cream-colour; bill black; feet slate- or blue-grey.
According to Dr. Reichenow the bird from Equatorial and East Africa, as far south
as Nyasaland, &c., belongs to a rather smaller and more richly coloured race, which
has been named 8S. crocata (Hartlaub), I have compared typical examples of this
form from Equatorial Africa with the type of S. ocularia (Smith) and with a series of
specimens from Natal and other parts of South Africa, and am unable to see any
difference in plumage, though the bill of the southern form is, on the whole, slightly
longer, but the difference is trifling. The male (%) from Fort Beni killed on the 24th
of July is marked “breeding” by Mr. Dent.
[This Spectacled Weaver was seen occasionally on the plains around Ruwenzori, both
on the east and west sides, but it was not very numerous. It frequented chiefly the
dense and tangled vegetation along the streams.— 2. B. W.|
SITAGRA PELZELNI (Hartl.).
Icteropsis pelzelni Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 610 (Entebbe); Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 40 (1900)
(Lake Edward); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 566 (Toro).
Ploceus pelzelni Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 75 (1904).
Sitagra pelzelni Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 8394 (1905).
d.
a-c. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 17th—28th June. [Nos. 1641, 1684, 1705. D. C]
Adult male. Iris dark hazel or pale yellow; bill black; feet dark mauve, dark grey,
or brown. |
These birds are in worm plumage and rather dull in colour, especially on the
underparts.
[ Pelzeln’s Slender-billed Weaver was only seen near the south end of Ruwenzori,
where it was very rare.—R. B. W.]
SITAGRA LUTEOLA (Licht.).
Ploceus luieolus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 76 (1904).
Sitagra luteola Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 897 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 565 [Toro]. .
a,b. 6 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th Dec. [Nos. 3030, 3031.
Jie La, WY]
c. dimm. Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 9th May. [No. 3340. Rk. B. W.]
The adult male in the present collection differs somewhat from all the adult male
VOL. XIX.—PaRT IV. No. 38.—WMarch, 1910. 2a
282 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
specimens of 9. duteola in the British Museum in having the black extending somewhat
further back over the crown, about 3 mm. behind the posterior margin of the eye
while the mantle and back have rather distinct dusky streaks. Specimens in the
Jackson Collection from Toro agree with the Entebbe bird in the latter respect, but
as regards the extent of black on the head they resemble typical S. Jutcola. It must
be noted that all the specimens in the British Museum bearing dates were killed
during the summer months between May and July, while both the birds from Entebbe
in the present collection and those in the Jackson Collection from Toro were obtained
in winter, in December and March respectively, so that the striped back may be, and
probably is, characteristic of the winter plumage.
[Lichtenstein’s Slender-billed Weaver was seen, very occasionally, on the eastern
side of Ruwenzori below an altitude of 5500 ft., also at Entebbe.—R. Bb. W.]
AMBLYOSPIZA MELANONOTA (Heugl.). (Plate XIX. figs. 15 & 16, eggs.)
Amblyospiza melanotus Reich. Vig. Afr. ili. p. 100 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 307 (1905).
Amblyospiza melanonota Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 567 [Toro].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 3288. Rk. B. W.]
b-d. 3 2. ,, u ai 3rd & 22nd May. [Nos. 1486. D. C.;
2382, 2383. G. L.|
e, f. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th June. [Nos. 466, 467. R. EL. D.|
g. 6 imm. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 28th July. [No. 2439. @. L.]
Adult. Iris dark brown; bill black (in the male); upper mandible olive, lower
yellow (in the female); feet dark grey or black.
The male specimens have the head, neck, mantle, and chest very dark chestnut,
darker than in the majority of specimens from Uganda and from the White Nile; one
of Mr. Jackson’s specimens from Entebbe, Uganda, is, however, equally dark in
colouring.
The birds procured at South-east Ruwenzori in May were breeding, and one female
(No. 2382) is marked as having been shot off the nest.
Two clutches of eggs were procured on the 17th and 22nd of May. They are of a
rather long oval form and slightly glossy. One set of three eggs has the ground-colour
pale pinkish-white, spotted, especially towards the larger end, with maroon-red.
The second set of two eggs has the ground-colour pale red, marked with darker spots
of the same colour. ‘They measure from °85 to °95 in. in length and from °58 to °6 in
breadth.
[Only a few examples of Heuglin’s Grosbeak-Weaver were met with on the plains at
the south-east of Ruwenzori, but on the west between Fort Beni and the foot of the
mountains they were quite numerous. When flying they much resembled the Common
Hawfinch. They frequented the tall reeds along the streams, but only such streams as
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 283
were among or near trees. ‘The nest of this species is, I think, the most compact and
beautiful built by any of the Weavers ; it is attached to two tall reeds and is composed
of very fine strips of grass or reed-leaf. Both birds take part in its construction, and a
nest we had under observation took about fourteen days to complete—F. B. W.|
SPERMOSPIZA POLIOGENYS Grant. (Plate X. fig. 2, 2.)
Spermospiza poliogenys Grant, Bull. B.O.C. xix. p. 32 (1906); id. Ibis, 1908, p. 278
[ Kasongo, Upper Congo].
a. @. 20 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 11th Aug. [No. 1775.
D.C. Type of the species. |
The female is similar to the adult female of S. guttata (Vieill.), but the cheeks and
sides of the face are dark grey like the crown; some of the feathers on each side of
the breast are tipped with scarlet and form an indistinct patch.
Iris dark brown; bill red and black; feet dark brown. ‘Total length 5:3 inches ;
wing 2°8; tail 2:0; tarsus 0°88.
A single adult female specimen was procured by Mr. Douglas Carruthers in the
thick forest. A second less mature female example of the same species was procured
by the same collector on the Upper Congo on the 7th February, during his return
journey to the West Coast.
[A single specimen of the Grey-cheeked Weaver-Finch was obtained in the Eturi
Forest between Fort Beni and Irumu.—R. B. W.|
PYRENESTES OSTRINUS ( Vieill.).
Pyrenestes ostrinus Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 106 (1904) [part.]; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 284
(1905).
a. 3. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 27th Oct. [No. 3643. Rk. B. W.]
Iris chocolate-colour ; bill dark bluish-grey ; feet light brown.
The size of the bill appears to vary greatly in the males of this species. In the
present specimen it is moderately developed, while in two examples in the British
Museum, from Gaboon and ‘Tingasi respectively, it is very large and strong.
[ Vieillot’s Notch-billed Weaver was occasionally seen in the E. Congo Forest.—
Jigs Ji Ws)
QUELEA QUELEA (Linn.).
Quelea quelea Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 257, pl. x. fig. 3 (1890); Shelley, B. Afr. iv.
p. 111 (1905).
Quelea intermedia (Reich.) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 259, pl. x. fig. 4 (1890).
Quelea sanguinirostris Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 108 (1904).
Quelea sanguinirostris lathami Reich. t.c. p. 110 (1904).
284 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a-d. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 19th-22nd March. [Nos. 217.
a.
j2, JB, 1D. NEVES IDS (Che BOG), HBILe Gio Jb ||
e-g. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-19th June. [Nos. 427. R. HE. D.;
1627, 1650. D. C.]
h,i. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd & 24th July. [Nos. 489,
495. R. E. D.]
Adulé male and female. Iris varies from hazel to dark brown; eyelids red ; bill
coral-red ; feet vary from rose or pink to yellowish-brown or brown.
Adult males (a—d) of the Black-fronted Dioch, all killed in March and some of them
”
marked “ breeding,” vary greatly in colour ; in some the crown and chest are rosy, while
in others these parts are sandy buff. Again, in some specimens there is a strongly-
marked black band across the forehead, while in others it is narrow and ill-defined.
QUELEA CARDINALIS (Hartl.).
Quelea cardinalis Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 112 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 119 (1905) ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 270 [Lake Tanganyika }.
a imm.] 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 3017. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet brown.
(The Cardinal Dioch was only procured near Entebbe.—&. 5. W.|
PYROMELANA ANSORGE! Hartert.
Pyromelana ansorgei Hartert, in Ansorge, Under Afr. Sun, App. p. 344, pl. i1. fig. 2 (1899) ;
Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 117 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 102 (1905) ; Neumann, Bull.
B.O.C, xxiii. p. 47 (1908).
Pyromelana xanthochlamys Sharpe, Bull. B.O. C. xiii. p. 10 (1908).
Penthetria hartlaubi Cab. and Coliuspasser dubiosus Neumann, Bull. B.O.C. xxiii. p. 47 (1908).
a—c. 6 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th—19th March.
[Nos. 1381, 1382. D. C.; 2194. G. L.|
d. é. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [No. 488. R. E. D.|
Adult male. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
Immature male and female. Ivis dark brown; upper mandible black, lower brown,
whitish towards the base ; feet dark brown.
I have compared the adult male in the present collection with the type-specimen of
P. ansorge: Hartert from Masindi, Unyoro, and also with the type of P. xantho-
chlamys Sharpe from Hoima, Unyoro (not Ruwenzori, as stated by Captain Shelley).
There can be no doubt that all three specimens belong to the same species.
Mr. Alexander also procured a specimen at Gudima, on the Kibali River. All the
four specimens mentioned above are males in full breeding-plumage ; the adult female
is still unknown.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—-AVES. 285
Prof. Neumann has shown that Penthetria hartlaubi Cab. and Coliuspasser dubiosus
Neumann are males of this species in winter-plumage.
Three immature birds (a—c) procured in the Mubuku Valley are almost certainly
referable to the present species; they have black under wing-coverts as in the adult
male and generally resemble that bird, especially as regards the size and shape of
the bill.
The immature female may be described as follows :—
Top of the head and upperparts black, each feather margined on the sides with
sandy-buff, the margins being narrowest on the feathers of the forehead ; superciliary
stripe and sides of the neck mostly buff; cheeks mottled black and buff ; underparts
buff, whitish on the middle of the belly, the chest and sides of the breast being
darkest, each feather with a small subterminal triangular black spot at the extremity ;
upper wing-coverts, quills, and tail-feathers black, margined with sandy-buff; under
wing-coverts black: wing 2°8 inches ; tail 2:0.
The immature male resembles the above, but is somewhat larger and the chest is
marked with brighter yellowish-buff: wing 3:0 inches ; tail 2°15.
[A few examples of Ansorge’s Bishop-bird were seen near Fort Beni in the Semliki
Valley. ‘The male procured was breeding.—#. B. W.]
PYROMELANA FLAMMICEPS (Swains. ).
Pyromelana flammiceps Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 118 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 104 (1905) ;
Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 561 [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 269 [Lake Tanganyika and
Kasongo}.
a. 3. Lower Semliki Valley, 2500 ft., llth Oct. [No. 564. R. EB. D.}
Iris dark brown ; bill black ; feet flesh-colour.
This specimen of the Fire-crowned Bishop-bird is in worn breeding-dress, and has a
few feathers of the winter-plumage beginning to make their appearance on the throat.
It is an interesting specimen, having a distinct black band 3 mm. in width above
the base of the culmen.
There is a perfectly similar specimen in the British Museum procured by Sir H.
H. Johnston at Nandi; and out of four specimens sent by Emin from Tingasi, two
have a well-marked narrow black band across the forehead, one has a narrow line of
black feathers, while the fourth has the forehead orange-scarlet to the base of
the culmen.
I have examined a large series of males in breeding-plumage and make the
following notes :—
13 adult males from Sierra Leone. Mostly with a single row of black feathers at the base of the
culmen; the remaining specimens have the forehead orange-scarlet to
the base of the culmen.
8 - s Gold Coast. As above.
286 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
2 adult males from Niger district. With a narrow line of black feathers.
2 - 3 Landana. With some black feathers.
2 Ms au Lower Congo. One specimen with a narrow line of black feathers and
one without.
] Fi Be Benguela. With two rows of black feathers.
8 i y Nyasaland. Some with black feathers, others without.
1 Bs “3 Zanzibar. With one line of black feathers.
1 os . Pangani. Without any black feathers.
] a os Malinda. As above.
2 of ss Mombasa. With a single row of black feathers.
2) a $3 Abyssinia. With two rows of black feathers.
4, a io Tingasi, Two specimens with a narrow black band across the base of the
culmen, one with a single line of black feathers, and one without
any black.
1 oD s Nandi. With a well-marked black band.
i 5 5 Lower Semliki River. As above.
It is thus evident that the black band across the forehead, when present, is most
developed in birds from Equatorial Africa, but since specimens both with and without
a black band occur in the same locality, it is obviously a character of little importance.
PYROMELANA NIGRIFRONS Bohm.
Pyromelana nigrifrons Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 41 (1900) [Toro; Fort George, Lake
Edward]; Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 122 (1904).
Pyromelana sundevalli Shelley (nec Bonap.), B. Afr. iv. p. 98 (1905); Grant, Ibis, 1908,
p- 268 [Lake Tanganyika and Kasongo].
a. ¢imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 39. R. E. D.]
6. 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 19th March. [No. 1338. D. C.]
c-e. d. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th-28th April. [Nos. 1431, 1432. D. C.;
2299. G. L.] a
f-k. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-15th May. [Nos. 1472, 1473, 1474,
1564. D. C.; 2339. G. L.]
Adult male. Iris dark hazel or dark brown; bill black; feet brown or light brown.
Adult female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet brown.
In male specimens in breeding-plumage the amount of black on the chin varies
greatly ; in some specimens there is only a trace of it, while in others the whole chin
is conspicuously black. In examples procured from S.E. Ruwenzori the mantle varies
from uniform cinnamon slightly washed with red to cinnamon washed with scarlet
and laterally streaked with black.
It would appear that the specimens procured by Doggett and referred by me to
P. wertheri Reichenow (cf. ‘Ibis, 1905, p. 207) are merely paler-backed forms of
WwW. ie OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 287
P. nigrifrons. ‘The true P. wertheri from the Wembere Steppes is said to have the
black on the forehead extending backwards to the crown, as in the South African
P. oryx, whereas both the specimens of P. swgrifrons from Ruwenzori and the birds
referred by me to P. wertheri have the black on the forehead less developed and not
extending beyond the eye.
[The Red Bishop-bird was not uncommon among the reeds along the streams
intersecting the plains at the south end of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
PYROMELANA FRANCISCANA (Isert).
Pyromelana franciscana Sharpe, Ibis, 1902, p. 119; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 122 (1904) ;
Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 90 (1905).
Pyromelana franciscana pusilla Hartert, Bull. B.O.C. xi. p. 71 (1901).
a. 6. Lower Semliki Valley, 2000 ft., 10th Oct. [No. 561. R. E. D.]
Tris dark brown; bill black ; feet flesh-colour.
A fine adult male of the Red-throated Bishop-bird in the present collection has a
wing measuring 61 mm. Dr. Hartert has separated the form found at Lake Stephanie
under the name P. f. pusilla, on account of its supposed smaller size (wing 60 to
63 mm.), but I agree with Dr. Sharpe and others in regarding it as synonymous with
P. franciscana.
[A few were seen on the Semliki River near the north end of Ruwenzori. The male
procured was breeding.—k. B. W.]
PYROMELANA XANTHOMELAS (Riipp.).
Huplectes xanthomelas Reich. Vog. Afr. iti. p. 128 (1904).
Pyromelana xanthomelas Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 76 (1905); Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 268
| Mufumbiro, Lakes Kivu and Tanganyika |.
a. 6. Luimi Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., lst Oct. [No. 3620. R. B. W.]
b. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th March. [No. 2193. G. L.|
The male example of Riippell’s Black-and-Yellow Bishop-bird killed in October is
beginning to assume winter-plumage, while that killed in March is in full winter-
plumage. Both are rather smaller than Abyssinian specimens and have a wing
measuring 2°85 inches (72 mm.).
[A few were seen on the north-east slopes of Ruwenzori, below 6000 ft., but the
species was very uncommon.—R. B. W.|
PYROMELANA CRASSIROSTRIS Grant. (Plate X. fig. 3, [ ¢ |.)
Pyromelana crassirostris Grant, Bull. B.O. C. xxi. p. 14 (1907).
a.{¢.] North end of Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 19th Aug. [No. 2452. G. L. Type
of the species. |
288 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
This species is most nearly allied to P. phenicomera G. R. Gray, but is smaller; the
bill is shorter, stouter, and deeper, its length being 16 mm., and the depth of the upper
mandible at the gape 7 mm. (whereas in P. phanicomera it measures only 54 mm.) ;
the yellow shoulder-patch is much less extensive and is not continued over the
scapulars. Iris dark brown; bill dusky; feet brown. Total length ca. 5-0 inches ;
wing 2°55; tail 1:95; tarsus 0°82.
[The only known example of the Thick-billed Bishop-bird was procured by
Mr. Gerald Legge on the northern slopes of Ruwenzori, below 4000 ft.—R. B. W.]
UROBRACHYA PH@NICEA (Heugl.).
Urobrachya phenicea Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 130 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 65 (1905) ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 269 {Mufumbiro]. :
ae. 6 et é imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th & 9th Dec. [Nos. 3041,
3042, 3043, 3049, 3050. &. B. W.}
f. &. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [No. 3579. RB. B. W.|
g. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th May. [No. 1577. D. C.]
bg Qs Hs H yi 15th June. [No. 2402. G. L.]
i. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th July. [No. 483. Rk. #. D.]
k,l. ¢ 2. 60 miles N. of Fort Beni, 3500 ft., 16th Aug. [Nos. 1787, 1788. D. C.]
Adult male. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill light grey or bluish-white; feet
dark brown or black.
Adult female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill brown or horn-colour; feet brown
or light brown.
The adult males shot in July, August, and September are in full breeding-plumage.
Three of the adult birds collected on the 8th and 9th of December have nearly
assumed their winter dress, while the fourth is still in the black breeding-plumage.
The two females (Nos. 1577 and 2402) have the lesser wing-coverts conspicuously
margined with dark orange, forming a well-marked patch on the shoulder; No. 1788
has the lesser wing-coverts rather inconspicuously margined with yellowish. All three
birds appear to be perfectly adult, and No. 1577 is marked “breeding” by Mr. D.
Jarruthers. The pale-shouldered specimen (No. 1788) was one of a pair (of which
the male, No. 1787, is in perfect breeding-plumage) and is in worn plumage. Possibly
the orange shoulder-patch is not assumed till after the second moult.
[Heuglin’s Fan-tailed Whydah was seen throughout the journey from Victoria Nyanza
to the Congo Forest, but was not met with on Ruwenzori above an altitude of
5000 f.—R. B. W.]
COLIUSPASSER ARDENS (Bodd.).
Penthetria ardens Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 598 [Entebbe]; 1906, p. 560 [Toro].
Coliuspasser ardens Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 185 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 40 (1905).
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AYVES. 289
a.[s*]imm. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th Dec. [No. 2020. G. L.|
a.
6. Imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 40. R. £. D.]
c-l. 6 2 et 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., Ist & 28th March.
d. d. d. d.
[Nos. 177, 218, 227. R. E. D.; 1406, 1407, 1419, 1420, 1421. D. C.; 2257. G. L.]
m,n”. 36. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400-4000 ft., 8th May & 22nd June. [Nos. 1522,
1668. D. @]
Adult male (in breeding-dress). Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill and feet black.
Adult female. Iris dark hazel; bill and feet brown.
Young males and females. Iris brown, dark brown, or dark hazel; bill and feet
brown.
[The Red-collared Whydah was not found on Ruwenzori above 5000 ft.—R. Bb. W.|
Var. CoLIUSPASSER CONCOLOR (Cass. ).
Coliuspasser concolor Reich. Vig. Afr, iti. p. 134 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 44 (1905).
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 28th March. [No. 2256. G. L.]
Iris dark brown; bill black; feet dark brown.
There can be very little doubt that the Black Whydah is merely a melanistic form
of @. ardens in which the scarlet or orange band across the chest, characteristic of the
typical form, is wanting. ‘There are four male specimens of so-called C. concolor in
the British Museum and two in the Jackson Collection. Of these, four show no trace
of a pectoral band, but in two specimens it is very faintly indicated. These inter-
mediate forms are considered by Captain Shelley to be hybrids between C. ardens and
€. concolor, but the fact that the black form is found in widely scattered localities
along with typical specimens of C. ardens seems to indicate that it is merely a colour-
variety of that bird.
[Cassin’s Black Whydah was only met with on the plains below the mountains.—
li J8%6 Vio
COLIUSPASSER SOROR (Reichenow).
Coliuspasser soror Reich. Vég. Afr. ini. p. 188 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 53, pl. 29. fig. 2
(1905).
a. d. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 9th Dec. [No. 44. R. EF. D.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
A male of Reichenow’s Yellow-shouldered Whydah assuming winter dress. The
species was not met with on Ruwenzori.
* Marked 2 by Mr. Legge.
VOL. XIx.—PaRT 1Vv. No. 39.—WMarch, 1910. 2k
290 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
CoLIUSPASSER EQUES (Hartl.).
Penthetriu eques Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 41 (1800) [Holulu R., Semliki]; Jackson, Ibis,
1906, p. 561.
Coliuspasser eques Reich. Vig. Afr. i. p. 141 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 45 (1905).
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [No. 1437. D. C.]
bh, OG. 26) s os Ist & 22nd May. [No. 2312, 2384. G. L.]
Gs G UMUMs 45 a m 12th June. [No. 1624. D. C.]
Adult male. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill blue or blue-grey; feet black.
Adult female. Iris, bill, and feet brown.
The specimen (No. 2312) killed on the Ist of May, and said to have been a breeding-
bird, still retains some of the feathers of the winter-plumage.
[Speke’s White-winged Whydah was plentiful on the plains around the south end
of Ruwenzori, but was not met with on the mountains.—R. B. W.|
SPERMESTES CUCULLATUS Swains.
Spermestes cucullatus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 149 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 167 (1905).
a. 6. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., Ist Dec. [No. 1024. D. C.]
b-h. 3 2 et ¢ 9 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500-6000 ft., 8th—21st Feb.
d. d. d.
[Nos. 148, 149. R. EB. D.; 1242, 1248, 1244, 1245, 1246. D. C.]
i-y. 6 @ et ¢ 9 imm. Maubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500-7000 ft., 4th-21st
al d. d. d. d,
March. [Nos. 186, 201. #. E. D.; 13836, 1337, 1348, 1344, 1345, 1355, 1356, 1365,
d. a. a. d.
1393, 1394, 1398. D. C.; 3201, 3232, 3234. Rk. B. W.|
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; upper mandibles black,
lower blue-grey ; feet dark brown or blackish.
[Swainson’s Bronze Mannikin was found on Ruwenzori up to an altitude of 7000 ft.
It was not met with there during the months of December and January, but between
February and April, when the millet was ripe, it appeared in great numbers, usually
in small flocks of from ten to twenty individuals.—AF. B. W.]
SPERMESTES POENSIS (Fraser).
Spermestes poensis Reich. Vég. Afr. lit. p. 152 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 164 (1905) ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 271 [Upper Congo].
Spermestes poensis stigmatophora Reich. t. c. p. 153 (1904).
Spermestes stigmatophorus Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 41 (1900) [Ituri Forest] ; Jackson, Ibis,
1906, p. 562.
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 31st Jan. [No. 135. R. E. D.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 291
b-m. ¢ 2 et 6 9 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 6th—23rd
March. [Nos. 1299, 1300, 1828, 1341, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1389, 1415. D. C.; 3215,
3231. &. B. W.]|
n,0. 6 @. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 30th Oct. [Nos. 576, 577.
Sti 18 1D)
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill blue-grey or slate-
colour; feet dark brown or black.
According to Dr. Reichenow, these birds should be separated from typical S. poensis
under the name S. p. stigmatophora Reichenow, but I agree with Captain Shelley and
consider that it is not possible to recognize more than one form. Specimens from
Fernando Po, Cameroon, &c. are precisely similar to those collected by the present
expedition.
(The Southern Black-and-White Mannikin was met with on Ruwenzori up to an
altitude of about 6500 ft., where the forest commences. It was not seen during the
months of December and January, but was numerous from February till April.—
R. B. W]
PYTELIA BELLI Grant. (Plate XI. fig. 4, 3.)
Pytilia melba Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 163 (1904) [part.].
Pytelia melba Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 273 (1905) [ part. ].
Pytelia belli Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 14 (1907) [S.E. Ruwenzori]; id. Ibis, 1908, p. 274
[N.W. of Lake Tanganyika].
$ 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th-30th April. [Nos. 1460. D. C.;
3272, 3282. R. B. W.| a a
d-n. 6 2. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—26th May. [Nos. 291, 305, 377*.
R. E. D.; 1476, 1564, 1581, 1589*. D.C; 9340, 9347, 2373. G. ib]
0,p. 6 @. Mokia, S.B. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th June. [Nos. 1692, 1695. D. C.]
The male of this species differs from the male of P. melba (Linn.), which it
resembles in the darker markings of the breast and belly, in having the grey of the
cheek extending beneath the eye to the lores; and the red of the throat continued
over the greater part of the chest, of which only the base is yellow. Iris reddish-
brown; bill red; feet brown. Total length ca. 4°8 inches; wing 2-2; tail 1:95;
tarsus 0:7,
The female has the breast darker grey than in the female of P. melba and the
markings of the underparts, especially on the sides and flanks, darker. Iris hazel or
* Types of the species.
292 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
reddish-brown ; upper mandible black, lower pink, reddish-brown or dull red; feet
brown. ‘Total length ca. 4°6 inches; wing 2°25; tail 1:9; tarsus 0°65.
The under tail-coverts in the ten adult males of P. belli display great variation, and
we find every intermediate stage between birds in which these feathers are uniform buff
and those in which they are strongly marked with transverse bars of black. Mr. D.
Carruthers procured a male of this form from the north-western shore of Lake Tan-
ganyika, 3000 ft., in which the bars on the under tail-coverts are fairly well marked.
There are also male examples in Mr. Jackson’s collection from Kibwesi, in Ukamba,
and Lake Albert, and there is a specimen in the British Museum procured by Emin
at Kibiro on Lake Albert.
This species is easily distinguished from the two nearly allied forms, viz.: P. melba
(Linn.) from South Africa, and P. soudanensis Sharpe (=P. affinis Elliot), which ranges
from the White Nile to Lado and through Somaliland as far south as Lamu. It
is more distantly related to P. jessei Shelley, which inhabits Northern Abyssinia, and
to P. citerior Strickl., which ranges from the White Nile into Senegambia.
As the key given by Captain Shelley [cf Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 76 (1903)] for that
section of the genus Pyfelia which includes P. melba and its nearest allies does not
seem satisfactory and does not include P. bell, I append the following :-—
1. Chest orange-yellow ; some red on the head.
a. Feathers of the upper breast blackish, conspicuously marked with
twin-spots of white; upper tail-coverts dull crimson ; lower part of
the chest dull orange-yellow.
a. Scarlet of throat not extending over the chest.
a. Sides and flanks more or less ocellated with white like the
breast, and not conspicuously barred ; under tail-coverts
TUGINORNS WHS YEIATO ANAS! 9g 6 6 16 ag 6 6 a bl lO, P. melba 8.
b?. Sides and flanks conspicuously and widely barred with black
and white; under tail-coverts with indistinct dusky bars . . P. soudanensis 3.
+’. Scarlet of throat extending over the greater part of the chest, only
the base of which is dujl orange-yellow . . . . . . . . . P. belli g.
b. Feathers of the upper breast with narrow dark markings forming
either cross-bars or imperfect ocelli; upper tail-coverts bright
scarlet ; chest bright orange-yellow.
b'. Feathers of the breast and flanks with narrow black bars . . . P. citerior g.
c’. Feathers of the breast and flanks more or less ocellated . . . . P.jesset g.
[A good many examples of Bell’s Pytelia were met with in the acacia-forest
on the plains around the south end of Ruwenzori. A nest was found placed in a
low acacia-bush about 18 inches from the ground. It was domed and composed
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 295
of fine grass and the down of some flower; the entrance was a small hole on one side
close to the top. Unfortunately one of the birds was shot before any eggs had been
laid.—R. B. W.]
NIGRITA FUSCONOTA Fraser.
Nigrita fusconota Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 168 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 138 (1905).
a. 2. 10 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [No. 500.
lis 135, 1D)
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
This bird, which was shot in a forest-clearing, was breeding. It has the under-
parts somewhat greyer than in most of the specimens in the British Museum from
Fernando Po, Cameroon, &c., but one male specimen from Cameroon is similar in this
respect. As regards the colour of the upperparts, the back is of a rather darker
shade of brown than is to be found in any of the birds before us.
NIGRITA LUTEIFRONS Verreaux.
Nigrita luteifrons Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 168 (1904) [part., nec Fernando Po]; Shelley, B.
Afr. iv. p. 146 (1905) [part.].
a. 6. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 22nd Oct. [No. 3640. R. B. W.]
Iris hight brown; bill black; feet light brown.
This specimen agrees with typical male examples from Gaboon, Cameroon, &c.,
but is distinctly smaller, especially as regards the bill, than male birds collected by
Mr. E. Seimund at Fernando Po. ‘These latter have the golden-buff colour on
the forehead brighter and extending further back over the crown, and the wing longer,
while they are altogether somewhat larger birds. I have named this insular form
N. alexanderi, atter Mr. Boyd Alexander, who obtained examples of it during his
expedition to Fernando Po in 1902.
The species has been described as follows :—
Nigrita alexanderi Grant.
Nigrita luteifrons Alexander (nec Verreaux), Ibis, 1903, p. 350.
Nigrita alexandert Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 16 (1907).
Adult male. Similar to N. luteifrons, but larger and with a longer, stouter bill;
the golden-buff on the forehead extending backwards over the crown to behind the
eyes. Iris black; bill black; legs and feet flesh-colour. ‘Total length 4:4 inches;
culmen 0:33-0°35; wing 2°3-2°4; tail 1:6; tarsus 0:6.
Adult female. Similar to the female of WN. luteifrons, but rather larger. Wing
2°3 inches.
294 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The following is a comparative table of measurements :—
Culmen from
nasal opening. Wing.
in, in.
3. Near Mawambi, Congo Forest . . ...- - 0:26 2°3
~
& [ d.] Gaboon (Verreauz) 0:28 2-3
s eal 5, (Du Chaillu) . 03 2:3
: B/S a. (WW A- Forbes) - 0:26 2°3
= > \ g. Efulen, Cameroon (G. L. Bates) . 0-3 9-35
=o 3 oy) 2” oe) Pipe Ore Oy OE hil oo 0:28 272
Sy of oP) oP) 5B) OB au SO Ds Csr Oi a 0°29 23
Ge Cameroong (C705s1cy) matures ial en 0:26 2:3
g. Fish Town, Fernando Po (H. Seimund) . . . 0°35 9-35
S| »» » eae 0°35 2:4
S 5 é- 29 2 2? chy thei ine 0°33 2°35
S os | 3. Santa Isabel, _,, e Saini. 0°35 9:35
= d- ” ” ” Oe bGink -O 0:33 2°3
3 imm. Santa Isabel, Fernando Po (£.Seimund). . 0-31 2°35
[A single example of the Pale-fronted Negro-Finch was obtained in a clearing in
the Congo Forest near Mawambi.—k. B. W.]
NIGRITA CANICAPILLA (Strickl.).
Nigrita canicapilla Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 170 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 141 (1905).
a. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [No. 2419. G. L.]
Iris orange; bill and feet black.
The most easterly localities hitherto recorded for Strickland’s Negro-Finch are the
Aruwimi River (Jameson) and Kibonge (Bohndorff), both about 350 miles to the
west of Fort Beni.
The male from Fort Beni, though somewhat smaller than typical examples of
N. canicapilla from Fernando Po, especially as regards the size of the bill, does not
appear to be separable from them. The wing measures 2°55 and the tail 1:8 inches.
* NIGRITA SCHISTACEA Sharpe.
Nigrita schistacea Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, pp. 118, 251 ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 169 (1904) ;
Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 145 (1905).
Nigrita sparsimguttata Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 170 (1904).
Nigrita diabolica Jackson (nec Reich. & Neumann), Ibis, 1906, p. 562 [Toro ; Ruwenzori].
a. 6. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No.1]. #. E. D.]
b,c. 6 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th Dec. [Nos. 1039. D. C;
d
3033. BR. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 295
d,e. 6 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [Nos. 543, 544.
ft. E. D.|
f. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 11th Jan. [No. 83. R&. E. D.]
Tris orange, light brown, or dark hazel; bill black; feet dark brown or black.
Captain Shelley is no doubt correct in assuming that WV. sparsimguttata
Reichenow is synonymous with the present species.
Immature examples have the whole of the upperparts uniform dark grey; subse-
quently the black on the forehead is assumed, then the grey on the rump, and the
white band bordering the black forehead and sides of the head, as well as the white
spots on the lesser and median wing-coverts, make their appearance.
[Jackson’s Negro-Finch was met with here and there throughout the journey, from
Victoria Nyanza to Ruwenzori, where it was found up to an altitude of 7000 ft.—
R. BW.)
NESOCHARIS ANSORGEI (Hartert). (Plate XI. figs. 1,3 ; 2, 2.)
Pytelia ansorget Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. x. p 26 (1899) [Luimi (Wimi) R., Toro]; id. Nov.
Zool. vi. p. 42 (1900) ; Neumann, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 47 (1908) [ Lake Kivu].
Cryptospiza ansorget Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 175 (1904).
Chlorestrilda ansorget Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 177 (1905).
Chlorestrilda capistrata Shelley, t. c. p. 177 [part., Meswa and Buguera (Emin) ].
a. S. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th Sept. [No. 534. Rk. H. D.]
A single male example of this rare and very beautiful little Waxbill was procured
by Mr. Dent. I have compared it with the type-specimen, which was obtained by
Dr. Ansorge on the Luimi River in Toro, and which has been sent me by Mr. Walter
Rothschild for comparison.
I quite agree with Capt. Shelley that the present species cannot be placed in
either of the genera Pytelia or Cryptospiza, both on account of its Bullfinch-like
bul and for other reasons. He therefore created the genus Chlorestrilda, making
C. ansorgei the type, but he overlooked the fact that the present species was obviously
co-generic with Nesocharis shelleyi Alexander, a highland species from Fernando Po
[cf. Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 48 (1903)], and with WV. capistrata (Hartl.) [=N. sharpii
(Nicholson) ], which ranges from Senegambia to Dahomey.
The type-specimen of WN. ansorgei, a male in very poor condition, was described by
Dr. Hartert as having the “sides of the chest golden-olive,” but, as is shown by the
beautifully prepared skin in the present collection, this colour extends across the
entire chest in a wide band.
Two adult males and a female were also procured by Mr. Jackson’s collectors in
the Kibera Forest, Toro, where the species was said to be plentiful. ‘The female,
which is figured on Plate XI. fig. 2, differs from the male in having the chest grey
296 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
like the rest of the underparts. It closely resembles the type—also a female—of
N. shelleyi Alexander, but is much larger and has a much stronger bill.
N. ansorget (Hartert). NV. shelleyi Alexander.
in. in.
a-d. 3 (including the typey Wing . . 20 | a. 9 (typeofthe( Wing . . 17
of the species) ; e. 2. LRA gg) 158 species). iM g 66 1
[The only example of Ansorge’s Olive-backed Waxbill met with by the Expedition
was procured in the Mpanga Forest, to the east of Ruwenzori. It was shot by
Mr. R. E. Dent in the top of a tall tree —R. B. W.|
CRYPTOSPIZA OCULARIS Sharpe.
Cryptospiza ocularis Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 8 (1902): Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 562 ;
Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 42 (1907); id., Ibis, 1908, p. 270 [Mufumbiro ].
d.
a, 6. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [Nos. 1065. D. ©;
3058. Rk. B. W.]| d.
cf. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 20th-31st Jan. [Nos. 128.
a.
IR, Ji, ID), = NAG; IDG, PEAY; OMPAS) Cio, La
g-l. ¢ 2 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-6500 ft., 1st-24th Feb.
d. d.
(Nos. 171. R. H. D.; 2132, 2134, 2135, 2136. G. L.]
mt. 6 2 et ¢ 9 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 11th—-19th March.
d.
; a.
[Nos. 1320, 1823, 1324, 1325, 1376. /Dy G32 9189, G. L.; 3203, 3230. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Tris dark brown or dark hazel ; bill black ; feet brown or
dark brown.
As already pointed out, this species has been united with C. reichenowi
Hartlaub by Dr. Reichenow, but it is really a distinct form.
[Sharpe’s Crimson-wing was met with on Ruwenzori at an altitude of between 6000
and 7000 ft., and, like most of these small Weever-Finches, frequents the rough country
below the forest-line, especially old sites of cultivation and crops of millet. This
species was never seen in large flocks as was the case with Spermestes cucullatus and
S. poensis.—k, B. W.|
CRYPTOSPIZA SALVADORII Reichenow. (Plate XI. fig. 3, 3.)
Cryptospiza salvadorii Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 174 (1904) [part.]; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 277
(1905) ; Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 42 (1907).
a-k. ¢ 2 et 2imm. Mubuku Valley, |_E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 11th-19th
al d. d. a.
March. [Nos. 203. R. £. D.; 1321, 1322, 1353, 1375. D. C.; 2202, 2210. G. L.;
ROX BPA GYAN, Tee Jory) 476
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 29
S|
i. ¢. Butagu Valley, West Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., lst Aug. [No. 2444. G. L.|
Iris dark brown; eyelids red in the male; bill black; feet brown or dark brown.
As already briefly noted (vide supra, Bull. B. O. C.), Salvadori’s Crimson-wing is a
very distinct species from C. australis Shelley, from Nyasaland, although Dr. Reichenow
has included the latter under the present heading.
C. australis is an altogether much darker bird than C. salvadori.
The British Museum possesses six examples of C. australis, of which three, though
apparently fully adult, differ somewhat from one another in plumage and are somewhat
puzzling. The three adult examples are as follows :—
a. [Sex not ascertained.]| Milanji Plateau, 6000 ft., 2nd Nov.
b,c. 9. Chiradzulu, July. (Specimen “6” is the type of the species.)
These have the bill entirely black and the underparts brown, tinged with olive.
Specimen “a” has some of the feathers across the upper mantle tipped with dull
crimson, forming an irregular band.
Specimen ‘“¢” has a number of small dull crimson feathers about the base of
the bill.
Without additional material it is impossible to ascertain the cause of these differences,
as all three birds appear to be fully adult.
The three remaining examples are no doubt immature :—
d. 2. Kombi, Masuka range, 7000 ft., July.
é, f. 6 2. Chiradzulu, June.
In “d” the bill is black as in the adult; in “e” and “f” the base of the upper
mandible is brownish and the basal part of the lower mandible pale yellowish-horn-
colour.
All three immature specimens have the underparts paler than in the adults, the
brown plumage being largely mixed with olive.
Specimens of C. salvadorii from Ruwenzori agree perfectly with the birds procured
by Doherty on the Kikuyu Escarpment.
[Salvadori’s Crimson-wing was found on Ruwenzori at an altitude of between
7000 and 8500 ft. This species is very similar, both in habits and appearance, to
C. ocularis, but is less numerous and found at rather higher altitudes. It was seen on
some of the open ferny ridges among the forest at 8500 ft— A. B. W.]
CRYPTOSPIZA JACKSONI Sharpe.
Cryptospiza jacksoni Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 8 (1902) ; Reich. Vog. Afr, ii. p. 175
(1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 280, pl. xxxv. fig. 2 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 563.
a.
a-d. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th-30th Dec. [Nos. 49, 50,
d.
56. R. E. D.; 2038. G. L.]
VOL, XIX.—ParT Iv. No. 40.—WMarch, 1910. 2s
298 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
e-h. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 15th-19th Jan. [Nos. 10.
d. d.
TR, Ji; IDS3 1153, 1154, 1169. D. €.]
i,k. @ et 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist & 8th Feb.
fINos. 2133: G. 22; (3153; kB V7]
i-s. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-7000 ft., S5th-l7th Mar. [Nos.
d. d. d. d. d.
202 2. HD 1295, 1326.1 33033 DCm ye 2s Sie? 20d Ge eo Zilli sem yel|
Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill and feet black.
The female of Jackson’s Crimson-wing has not previously been described, but
there is a series of ten adult males and seven adult females in the present collec-
tion, which shows that the latter differ in coloration from the former in the following
particulars :—
Males. Females.
Dark crimson of the crown extending | Hind part of the crown with the sides
nearly to the occiput, only the middle crimson, and the whole of the middle part
feathers of the hind crown being grey. grey like the hind-neck.
Sides of the head dark crimson and ex- | Sides of the head bright crimson and
tending in a large patch behind the restricted to a large patch surrounding
eye on to the sides of the neck. | the eye, not extending on to the sides
of the neck.
Grey band across the hind-neck more or | Grey band across the hind-neck wider and
less interrupted by the dark crimson not interrupted.
sides of the head.
An immature male differs from the adult in having the head and neck entirely grey
without any trace of crimson. The crimson of the back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and
flanks is duller in tint, and the coloured tips of the feathers are much narrower, so
that their grey bases are visible and produce a mottled appearance.
[This species was met with on Ruwenzori at an altitude of between 6000 and
8500 ft. It appeared to be a semi-forest bird, and, though it frequented the adjacent
millet-crops and rough grass-country, on being disturbed usually disappeared into the
forest. It was often met with among the undergrowth, in the darkest parts of the
forest, far from the outskirts.— 2. B. W.|
CRYPTOSPIZA SHELLEY! Sharpe.
Cryptospiza shelleyi Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 21 (1902) [Ruwenzori]; Shelley, B. Afr.
iv. p. 280, pl. xxxv. fig. 3 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 563.
The type of this species was presented to the British Museum by Mr. F. J. Jackson.
A single adult male example was procured by Mr, Geoffrey Archer on the 22nd of
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 299
February, 1902, and is said to have been obtained on Ruwenzori, but the exact
locality is not recorded. It was not met with by the members of the Expedition.
EXSTRILDA MINOR (Cab.).
Estrilda astrild minor Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 180 (1904) [part. ].
Estrilda minor Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 198 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 564 [Toro] ; Grant,
Ibis, 1908, p. 275 [Mufumbiro; N. of Lake Tanganyika].
a. 6. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., Ist Dec. [No. 1025. D. C.]
b-d. S$ et Simm. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 5th & 6th Dec. [Nos. 1036,
1037, 1038. D. C.]
é-g. d et Simm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 23rd & 28th March.
[Nos. 2235. G. L.; 3264, 3265. B. B. Wid
h,i. 3 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 14th May. [Nos. 1556, 1557. D. C.|
Adult male and female. Iris hazel, dark chestnut, or dark brown; bill red; feet
varying from brown to blackish.
[The Lesser Waxbill was not met with on Ruwenzori above an altitude of 5000 ft.,
but was not uncommon on the dry plains round the south end of the range.—
R.B.W
ESTRILDA PALUDICOLA Heugl.
Estrilda paludicola Heuglin, J. f. O. 1863, p. 166; 1868, p. 9, pl. 1. fig. 2 [Gazelle R.] ;
Hartert, in Ansorge, Under Afr. Sun, App. p. 346 (1899) [ Unyoro; Uganda]; Reich.
Vég. Afr. iii. p. 184 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 214 (1905) [part.].
a,b. 2. 60 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 16th Aug.
[Nos. 1789, 1790. D. C.]
Iris and bill red; feet dark brown.
The pair of birds obtained by Mr. Carruthers to the north of Fort Beni are
undoubtedly referable to Heuglin’s Pale Waxbill, first described from the Gazelle
River. The three birds procured by Mr. F. J. Jackson’s collectors in Toro and referred
to the present species by Captain Shelley in his work on ‘The Birds of Africa’ have
been incorrectly identified, and are really referable to EL. roseicrissa Reichenow, having
the characteristic umber-brown crown, of the same colour as the back.
I have seen a fairly large series of examples of both the present species and
E. roseicrissa, including nine specimens of the former from the Tring Museum. From
these it is evident that the rosy flanks are equally characteristic of both species, and
are probably due partly to age and partly to season.
Immature birds of this species are apparently hardly to be distinguished from
immature specimens of Z. roseicrissa, the crown being of much the same brown colour
as the back.
3 2
300 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The localities from which undoubted specimens of E. paludicola have been examined
are as follows :—Lado, Tingasi, 60 miles north of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, Unyoro,
Entebbe, and Kavirondo. ‘The species has also been obtained in Angola by Mr. C. H.
Pemberton.
[Not uncommon in the clearings in the Eturi Forest between Fort Beni and
Trumu.—R. B. W.]
ESTRILDA ROSEICRISSA Reichenow.
Estrilda roseicrissa Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 184 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 215 (1905) ;
Grant, [bis, 1908, p. 276 [ Lake Kivu].
a,b. 62 imm. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700-3800 ft., 2nd Dec. [Nos. 22.
Tt, Jd, DS OKO REL, Tite les, Vi]
e. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [No. 1436. D. C.]
d,e. 2 et ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd June. [Nos. 3442,
3443. R. B. W.]
Adult male. Iris reddish-brown ; bill coral-red ; feet black.
Adult female. Iris dark orange; bill pink; feet dark brown.
The specimens mentioned above are no doubt typical examples of Emin’s Rosy-
flanked Waxbill, the type of which was procured at Bukoba on the west shore of
Victoria Nyanza. I have recently recorded and made notes on an adult pair sent by
Mr. Carruthers from Lake Kivu.
‘The immature specimens in the present collection differ from the adults in having
the bill dusky along the culmen and cutting-edges of the mandibles; the back uniform
brown, without any trace of fine dusky cross-bars, and the pink wash on the flanks and
vent barely indicated.
I have examined specimens of H. roseicrissa from Toro, Bukoba, S.E. Ruwenzori,
and Lake Kivu.
[This little Waxbill was plentiful on the plains round the south end of Ruwenzori,
but was not met with on the mountains.—f. B. W.]
EstRILDA NONNULA Hartl.
Estrilda nonnula Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 188 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 226 (1905) ;
Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 564 [ Ruwenzori].
a. 6. 90 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 4th Dec. [No. 3026. R. B. W.] a
b-d. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th & 30th Dec. [Nos. 1061,
1062, 1072. D. Gl
e,f. det dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 6th & 15th Jan. [Nos. 73.
Sth Ji, JD), 3 PAUSE), Cig 155]
g. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 22nd Feb. [No. 1256. D. C.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 301
h-r. gets Qimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 11th-16th March.
d. d. d. d,
[ENost332 el SaqelsaO ml aot eO.- 22030) Gaelao200. B2234) s22 42285 3229!
Lig IBS iro
Adult male. Tris dark brown or dark hazel; bill black and red; feet black.
Curiously enough, the above series of seventeen specimens does not include a single
adult female; the latter differs from the male in having the underparts greyer.
[Hartlaub’s Black-crowned Waxbill was met with everywhere throughout the
journey, except in the Eturi Forest. It was a common species on the mountains up
to an elevation of 7000 ft., and in company with many other species of small Weaver-
Finches was to be seen in thousands feeding upon the native crops of millet.—
R.B.W
SPORAGINTHUS SUBFLAVUS (Vieill.).
Estrilda subflava Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 186 (1904) [part.]; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 207 (1905).
Sporeginthus subflavus Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 275 [ Mufumbiro Volcanoes |.
a. 2. N. Ruwenzori, 3500 ft., 19th Aug. [No. 3561. &. B. W.]
6. ¢. Lower Semliki Valley, 2500 ft., 11th Oct. [No. 3625. &. B. W.]
Adult male. Iris scarlet ; bill scarlet ; feet light brown.
Adult female. Iris bright orange ; bill pink; feet pale flesh-colour.
The male (4) of the Northern Zebra-Waxbill is a very brilliantly coloured specimen,
rather more so than any example in the British Museum.
[The species was met with only to the north-west of Ruwenzori, between the Semliki
River and Irumu.—F#. B. W.]
LAGONOSTICTA RUBERRIMA Reichenow.
Lagonosticta brunneiceps ruberrima Reich. Vog. Afr. m. p. 198 (1904).
Lagonosticta érunneiceps Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 258 (1905) [ part. |.
Lagonosticta ruberrima Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 564 [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 271 [S.W.
Uganda; Lake Edward ; Lake Tanganyika |.
a. 3. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [No. 3284. &. B. W.]
b4. ¢ Qetgimm. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—26th May. [Nos. 1562,
1565. D. C.; 3309, 3336, 3350, 3366, 3416, 3421. R. B. W.]
k-m. 6 9 et Simm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th—25th June. [Nos. 1688.
D. C.; 3462, 3466. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris hazel, reddish-brown, or chestnut; bill pink or dull
pink ; feet brown or dark brown.
This darker Equatorial form of the Brown-capped Fire-Finch (L. brunneiceps Sharpe)
appears to be a fairly well-marked form. I have already referred to it in the paper
on Mr. Douglas Carruthers’s collection published in ‘The Ibis,’ as quoted above.
302 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
[A nest of this species was found on the plains at the south end of Ruwenzori
(3400 ft.). It was placed in a low fence surrounding a native garden, and was composed
of small sticks, roots, and grass. It was partially domed and, on the 10th of June,
contained three pure white eggs, which measure respectively 55 X-44, 04x "40, and
53:44 in. ‘This bird often builds its nest in the thatch of native huts—A. B. W.|
LAGONOSTICTA RHODOPARIA Heugl.
Lagonosticta rhodopareia Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 200 (1904) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 250,
pl. xxxiv. fig. 1 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 565 [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 272
[| Mufumbiro Volcanoes ; Lake Kivu |.
Lagonosticta rubricata hildebrandti p. 167, and L. r. hematocephala, p. 168, Neumann, Orn.
Monatsb. xv. (1907).
Lagonosticta ugande Salvad. Boll. Mus. Torino, xxi. no. 542, p. 2 (1906) [| Fort Portal].
a. 6. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 2004. G. Z.]
b. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 25th Jan. [No. 2113. G. L.]
c. dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 19th March. [No. 1380. D. C.]
Adult male. Iris dark brown ; bill horn-blue or slate-blue ; feet brown or black.
Immature male. Iris dark brown; bill blue-grey, black at the tip; feet dark brown.
I have already fully stated my reasons (‘ Ibis,’ 1908, p. 272) for differing entirely from
the conclusions recently arrived at by Prof. Neumann, and for regarding all the birds
described under the above names as synonymous with L. rhodoparia Heugl. In the
colour of the upperparts the type of that species closely resembles examples in the British
Museum collected by Lord Lovat in Southern Abyssinia, and also birds from the
Gessima River, Likipia, B.E. Africa. Lord Lovat’s specimens were doubtfully referred
to L. congica Sharpe (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1900, p. 127), but whether the type of that species is
merely an immature example of L. rhodoparia requires further confirmation.
[The Rosy Black-billed Fire-Finch was obtained near Entebbe, and two specimens
were procured on the east side of Ruwenzori at an elevation of 6000 ft. in January
and March. Possibly the species may be more numerous at some other season of the
year.—R. B. W.]
Neisna NyANS& Neumann. (Plate X. fig. 4, ¢.)
Neisna dufresneyi nyanse Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 350.
Neisna minima Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 117 (1906).
Neisna nyanse Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 274 [Mufumbiro Volcanoes ; Lake Kivu}.
d.
a,b. gimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft. 30th Dec. [Nos. 1073,
1074. D. C.]
c-e. g et 6 Vimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft. 6th-29th Jan.
d.
[Nos. 1106 *, 1175. D. C.; 2125. G. £.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 305
f. 2? imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 6th Feb. [No. 3148.
lip Jem (hie)
g-r. 6 QQ et ¢ Qimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 14th—23rd
March. [Nos. 1342, 1349, 1350, 1351, 1359 *, 1390, 1391, 1396, 1397, 1413, 144,
D.C.)
This species is closely allied to WV. quartinia (Bonap.), but somewhat smaller and
has the middle of the belly more ochraceous. In one male example (No. 1349) there
is a distinct dull orange-scarlet patch on the middle of the upper breast. In the
deeper colour of the belly it approaches WV. kilimensis (Sharpe), but differs in having
the throat and breast pearl-grey instead of smoky grey.
Iris dark brown or dark hazel; upper mandible black, lower red ; feet dark brown
or black.
The immature bird differs from the adult in having the back uniform olive, without
any trace of the narrow dusky cross-bars which characterise the adult. Bill black,
or with some red on the lower mandible ; in other respects it resembles the adult.
When I described this species as new under the name V. minima, I was not aware
that it had already been named by Professor Neumann. The type of WV. nyansw,
procured by Emin Pasha at Bukoba, on the western shore of Victoria Nyanza, is in the
Berlin Museum.
[The Nyanza Waxbill was plentiful in the Toro district, around Fort Portal, and on
the east side of Ruwenzori up to an altitude of 7000 ft., but was not met with below
5000 ft., where the land slopes down towards Lake George. It was particularly
fond of the seeds of a large thistle which grows on the mountains.—R. B. W.|
VIDUA SERENA (Linn.).
Vidua serena Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 217 (1904); Shelley, B. Afr. iv. p. 16 (1905) ; Jackson,
Ibis, 1906, p. 560 [Toro].
a. d. 30 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 26th Nov. [No. 3007. R. B. W.]
d,
Bo Gn AWAD 5, a 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1049. D. C.]
c-h. 6 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 9th-19th May. [Nos. 1530, 1531,
d.
1567, 1568, 15907. D. C.; 3442. Rk. B. W.]
im. ¢ 9 et 9imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 10th—15th June. [Nos. 443, 444,
d. d.
445, 453. R. HE. D.; 2403. G. L.]
0. 6 juv. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 20th July. [No. 2442. G. L.|
* Types of Neisna minima Grant.
+ No. 1590, marked as a female, is almost certainly an immature male; the middle tail-feathers are very
long, 8:1 inches, while the remainder of the plumage is much like that of the female. As a rule, the black
plumage of the head and back is assumed before the long tail-feathers appear.
304 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill scarlet or red ; feet
black.
Immature male. Iris dark brown; bill and feet brown.
[The White-breasted Whydah was met with throughout the journey from Victoria
Nyanza to the edge of the Eturi Forest. It was most amusing to watch the male of
this species escorting his harem. In a very excited and fussy manner he would fly from
bush to bush or hover around the females with a curious jumpy flight, all the time
keeping up a continuous twittering and chirping.—A. B. W.|
Family FRINGILLID &.
PASSER DIFFUSUS Smith.
Passer diffusus Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 251 (1902) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 279 [ Upper Congo].
Passer griseus Vieill. Nov. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. xii. p. 198 (1817) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 230
(1904).
Passer diffusus ugande and P. d. occidentalis Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 44 (1900).
a. 6. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 3015. R. B. W.]
6. 2. 130 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 10th Dec. [No. 2028. G. L.]
ce. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 30th Jan. [No. 2126. G. L.]
d,e. & @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 22nd & 23rd March.
[Nos. 1405. D. C.; 2236. G. L.|
f. 3. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 50th April. [No. 2306. @. L.]
g,h. 3 et do juv. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft, 15th & 22nd May.
[Nos. 329, 353. R. EH. D.]
i. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 19th July. [No. 3504. Rk. B. W.]
Adult. Iris brown or reddish-brown ; bill black; feet brown.
The specimens in the present collection lead me to believe that Captain Shelley may
be right in uniting P. swainsoni (Riipp.) (= Passer griseus abyssinicus Neum.) with
P. diffusus Smith. Certainly the birds procured in the Mubuku Valley (speci-
mens c-—é) closely approach the Abyssinian form in the greyer colour of their underparts
and in the absence of a distinct white patch on the throat. The male has the
underparts grey as in P. swainsoni, but the two females have the belly white
as in typical P. diffwsus, and are only to be separated from that form by the colour
of the throat, which, though somewhat paler than the cheeks, is not pure white.
Thus we find that the birds from the Mubuku Valley (5000-7000 ft.) agree
with P. swainsont from the highlands of Abyssinia, while the specimens from
Entebbe, S.E. Ruwenzori, and Fort Beni do not differ from ordinary white-throated
examples of P. diffusus.
The specimen from Fort Beni appears to be an old bird and has the top of the
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 305
head very grey, most of the feathers being in worn plumage, in marked contrast to the
reddish-brown mantle.
Dr. Reichenow thinks that the White-throated Sparrow should be known as Passer
grisea (Vieill., 1817), and there can be no doubt that the description of “ Fringilla
grisea” agrees very well with examples of the present species; but as Vieillot states
that the type came from the “ United States,” that it had a forked tail, and that its total
length was only 43 inches instead of 6 inches, I prefer to use the name given by
Smith to the South African bird in 1836.
[The Common Grey-headed Sparrow was not found on Ruwenzori above an altitude
of 7000 ft., and was rarely seen above 5000 ft.—F. B. W.]
SERINUS ICTERUS.
Serinus butyraceus Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 193 (1902).
Serinus icterus barbatus (Heugl.); Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 271 (1904).
Serinus icterus Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 280 [Lake Tanganyika ].
a,b. g et 2imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th Dec. [Nos. 37, 38.
R. BE. DJ
c,d. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [Nos. 3274, 3275.
R. BWI]
GI. 6 @¢ aa . 1h. ea ae ft., 8rd—22nd les [Nos. 278. &. E. D.;
1523, 1524, 1592, 1593, 1605. 1D, Obs 9370. Gi Shy]
m,n. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Rue 3400 ft., 15th & 16th June. [Nos. 455,
459. R. E. D.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill brown or dark brown (two marked
black, R. #. D.) ; feet brown or dark brown.
[The Common Yellow-fronted Canary was met with throughout the journey from
Lake Victoria to Fort Beni in the Semliki Valley, but it was not met with on
tuwenzori above an altitude of 6000 ft.—R. B. W.|
SERINUS GRAUERI Hartert.
Poliospiza striolata Jackson (nec Riipp.), Ibis, 1906, p. 560 [Ruwenzori].
Serinus striolatus graueri Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 84 (1907).
Serinus graueri Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 280 [ Mufumbiro Volcanoes }. -
ay
a-c. 6 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [Nos. 1063,
1064. D. C.; 2033. G. L.] :
d-l. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., Ist-20th Jan. Nos.
d. d :
O23 dis Je, JDe Tyas 1173. ID, Gs 2054, 2079, 2083, 2089. G. L.; 3065. R. B. W. |
m,n. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 and 10,500 ft. 8th & 20th Feb.
[Noss MGS), Jt, J, JOS BBD, 16, J, 17]
VOL, XIX.—ParT Iv. No, 41.—March, 1910. 27
306 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
o-s. 6 9 et 2?imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 13th—21st
March. [Nos. 1338, 1399, 1400. IVOL8 ADIL Ca Ihe 3208. yay ell
t,u. ¢ imm. et 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000 and 13,200 ft., 3rd &
Sth April. [Nos. 1424. D. C.; 3266. R. B. W.]
v,w. 6 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., lst Aug. [Nos. 1767. D.C.;
Dery 1h, dae i/o]
Adult male and female. Iris light brown or dark brown; bill brown or horn-colour ;
feet light or dark brown.
Dr. Hartert has separated the Streaked Seed-eater from Ruwenzori under this
heading on account of its darker plumage. The upperparts are much darker brown
than in S. striolatus (Riipp.); the quills are margined on the outer web with olive-
brown tinged with green, instead of yellowish-green; and the underparts are rufous-
buff instead of whitish-buff.
The species was subsequently procured by Mr. Carruthers on the Mufumbiro
Volcanoes.
Immature birds differ from the adult in having the underparts, especially the chin
and throat, washed with yellowish, and the middle of the belly streaked with black
like the rest of the underparts.
[Grauer’s Streaked Seed-eater was found on Ruwenzori from an elevation of 5500 ft.
up to 14,000 ft. It was most plentiful among the rough scrubby country just below
the forest-line. A good many were also met with in the swampy valleys in the 'Tree-
heath zone.—#. b. W.]
SERINUS KILIMENSIS (Richmond).
Crithagra kilimensis Richmond, Auk, xiv. p. 155 (1897) [Kilimanjaro].
Serinus albifrons Shelley, B. Afr. i. p. 210 [part.], pl. xxv. fig. 2 (1902).
Poliospiza albifrons Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 257 (1902) [part.] ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 559
{ Ruwenzori}.
d.
a,b. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 30th & 31st Dec. [Nos. 1076.
Dd. €.; 2040. G. L.]
c-f. 6 @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft.. 2nd-27th Jan.
[Nos. 2050, 2110, 2111, 2114. G. J0,|
g-i. 6 2 et 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 21st-23rd Feb.
[Nos. 2161, 2162, 2166. G. Z.]
k. 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 8th March. [No. 1305. D. €.]
Adult male and female. Tris hazel or dark brown ; bill brown, lighter at the base
of the lower mandible ; feet brown or dark brown.
The type-specimen of S. albifrons Sharpe was obtained at Kikuyu and is characterised
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 307
by having a distinctly white forehead nearly 0:2 inch in width. Two other specimens
from Roromo, Kikuyu, as well as one from Nairobi and one from the Waso Nanyuki
River, Western Kenya, agree with the type in having the forehead white.
In four males the measurement of the wing varies from 5°15 to 3°4 inches, and in
one female it is 3:2.
Fifteen adult specimens of S. kidimensis, from the Mau Escarpment, Eldoma Ravine,
and Nandi, have the forehead entirely brownish-black, with scarcely any trace of
white, and are on the whole rather larger than typical examples of S. aliifrons. In
eight males the wing-measurement varies from 3°35 to 3°7 inches, and in seven females
it varies from 3°35 to 3°55.
Two male specimens in the Jackson Collection from Mount Elgon (one some-
what immature) have the belly conspicuously washed with rufous-buff, and in this
respect nearly resemble birds from Nandi, which have the belly brighter than in birds
from the EKldoma Ravine and Mau Escarpment. The wings of these two specimens
measure respectively 3°6 and 3:55 inches.
At Toro and on Ruwenzori a rather smaller-billed race is met with, and, like the
bird found on the Mau Escarpment, has scarcely a trace of white on the forehead.
It will thus be seen that the form which ranges from Ruwenzori to the Mau Escarp-
ment is different from typical S. aldifrons from Kikuyu, and should no doubt bear the
name of S. kilimensis (Richmond), with which I have identified it.
The immature bird agrees with the description of the young of S. albifrons given by
Captain Shelley, but the throat is almost uniform black, with barely a trace of the
whitish cross-bars characteristic of the adult.
[The Western Brown Canary was met with on Ruwenzori from an altitude of
5500 feet up to 8500 feet ; it was, however, a very rare bird, and was not met with
anywhere else.—F. B. W.]
SERINUS SHARPE] Neumann.
Serinus sharpei Neumann, J. f. O. 1900, p. 287; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 266 (1904) ; Grant,
Ibis, 1908, p. 280 [Mufumbiro Volcanoes].
Serinus shelleyi Neumann, Orn. Monatsb. xi. p. 184 (1903).
Serinus imberbis (Cab.) ; Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 208 (1902).
a. ¢. 150 miles W. of Entebbe, 5000 ft., 12th Dec. [No. 1055. D. C.]
b. 3. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 3586. Rk. B. W.]
?. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 30th Dec. [No. 57. &. HL. D.]
d. 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 19th May. [No. 2369. G. L.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill brown, olive-brown, or
horn-colour ; feet brown or dark brown. ©
(GB
Serinus shelleyi Neumann bears a much closer relationship to S. sharpet Neumann
iin D
a a!
308 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
than the latter does to S. sulphuratus (Linn.). A series of specimens can be laid out
showing that the largest-billed example of the South African bird with a wing of about
3°3 inches intergrades more or less completely with the small-billed S. shelleyi with a
wing of about 3-0 inches. I have examined typical examples of S. sulphuratus from
South and South-east Africa as far north as Macamac, near Lydenburg, in the
Transvaal ; of S. sharpei from Lakes Naivasha and Nakuro and Eldoma Ravine, all to
the east of Victoria Nyanza, and from Melsetter in Northern Gazaland; and of
S. shelleyi from Mount Elgon, Entebbe, Mpanga Forest, Ruwenzori, Mulema, Nyasa-
land, and Tete, on the Zambesi.
The type of S. shelleyi is said by Prof. Neumann [¢f. Orn. Monatsb. xi. p. 184 (1903) |
to be in the Berlin Museum, and to have come from Kafuro, Karagwe, to the west of
Victoria Nyanza; but there is a specimen in the British Museum from Tete, procured
by the Livingstone Expedition, which is marked in Prof. Neumann’s writing as
“ Serinus shelleyi Neum. typus.” This bird appears to be in rather abnormal plumage,
having the dark markings on the head and upperparts nearly obsolete.
After examining all the material available I can only conclude that S. sulphuratus is
barely separable from S. sharpe?, and that S. shelleyi must be regarded as synonymous
with the latter, or else as a very slightly smaller race. The comparative measurements
of a number of specimens in which the sex has been properly ascertained is as
follows :—
Serinus sharper. Serinus shelleyt.
6g. . . wing 3°15-3°3 in. 78... wing 2°9 -3:05 in.
B Qs 9 9 » ol —3:2 ,, OH ays aie a 2380—2:95"),,
I may here remark that male examples of the large-billed form from Zululand
differ considerably from Cape specimens, and have the green wash on the breast much
reduced. ‘They closely resemble S. sharpei, except as regards the size of the bill.
[A few examples of Sharpe’s Canary were seen in the acacia-country around the
south end of Ruwenzori and again near Fort Portal, but they were rather uncommon.—
R.B.WI
CHRYSOMITRIS FRONTALIS (Reichenow).
Spinus citrinelloides frontalis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 275 (1904).
Chrysomitris frontalis Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 279 [Mufumbiro Volcanoes].
a-f. 6 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th-31st Dec. [Nos. 1068, 1071,
d. d.
1078, 1079. D. C.; 2031. G.L.; 3059. BR. B. W.]
qg,h. &. Mubuku Valley, 18, Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 4th & 30th Jan. [No. 2128. G. LZ.
d.
3068. BR. B.W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 309
tl. § 2 et 2 juv. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 4th-24th Feb.
[Nos. 170. R. H. D.; 2143. G. L.; 3154. R. B. W.]
m-s. 6 2 et Qimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 8th-24th March.
d. d.
[Nos. 222. kh. EH. D.; 1306, 1403, 1404. D. C_; 2187, 2199. G. L.; 3206. R. B. W.]
é. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 10th April. [No. 228. R. #. D.]
uw. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 19th-23rd July. [Nos. 1797. DSCs
2497, 2428. G. L.]
Adult male. Iris brown, dark brown, or hazel; bill brownish-horn-colour ; feet
brown. The blackish streaks on the back seem to vary considerably with age. In
what appears to be the oldest male (No. 1403), with the brightest olive-yellow back,
they are much reduced, taking the form of narrow shaft-streaks; while in a second
male (No. 3059), marked “breeding,” the feathers of the upperparts are olive with black
middles, producing a somewhat spotted appearance.
As the female of this species does not appear to have been described, I take this
opportunity of characterizing it :—
Adult female. Differs from the female of C. citrinelloides (Riipp.) in having the
yellow band across the forehead and the yellow eyebrow-stripes well developed and the
underparts uniform yellow. In both these respects it resembles the male of C. frontalis,
but is not quite so brightly coloured below, while the narrow black frontal band, black
sides of the face and chin of the latter are absent, the lores and cheeks being olive-
green and the chin yellow.
Iris dark brown or hazel; bill brownish-horn, lighter on the lower mandible; feet
brown or light brown.
Total length ca. 4°5 inches; culmen 0°55; wing 2°55; tail 1-8; tarsus 0°55.
The young female is much browner than the adult and has the plumage of the under-
parts soiled yellow, with the chest, upper breast, sides, and flanks streaked with dusky.
[Reichenow’s Yellow-fronted Canary was plentiful on both the east and west sides
of Ruwenzori up to an elevation of 7000 ft. It was also seen at Fort Beni.—R. B. W. |
TiMBERIZA FLAVIVENTRIS Steph. (Plate XIX. figs. 1 & 5, eggs.)
Emberiza flaviventris Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 143 (1902); Reich. Vg. Afr. 111. p. 284 (190-4)
ad. 3s 2et¢@imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd—16th May. [Nos.
293. R. B. D.; 1537. D.C.; 2321. G. L.; 3364. R. B. W.]
e-g. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-17th June. [Nos. 447. R. E. D.:
1635. D. C.; 3450. R. B. W.)
Adult male and female. Ivis dark brown; bill brown or blackish, lower mandible
paler; feet brown or light brown.
The male from 8.4. Ruwenzori (No. 1635), killed on the 17th of June, is moulting
310 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
and in rather an interesting stage of plumage, the mantle being nearly uniform light
red; but among the worn plumage several new feathers of a darker chestnut colour
margined on the sides with sandy-buff are making their appearance.
A young female (No. 2321) has the feathers of the mantle very distinctly streaked
with black, more so than in the adult female; the feathers of the chest have dark
brown shaft-streaks, and the white tips of the median wing-coverts are bisected by
black shaft-streaks.
This species is readily distinguished from the allied H. poliopleura (Salvad.) by having
the feathers of the back uniform grey, while in the latter they have very distinct biack
middles.
The eggs of this species figured on the accompanying Plate form part of Mr. F. J.
Jackson’s collection.
[The Common Golden-breasted Bunting was met with only at the south end of
tuwenzori among the acacia-trees.—R. B. W.]
Family ALAUDID4.
Mirarra zomMBa& Grant.
Mirafra zombe Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xii. p. 27 (1902).
Mirafra fischeri Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 48 (1902) [part.]; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii, p. 339 (1904)
[ part. ]. :
a-e. d &. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th-29th April. [Nos. 237,
(le,
NR), 12 8, D2 WASve MAGS, JD, Os 2208 Ce Jas)
f-s. 6 2 et 9 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft. 3drd—26th May.
fod
d. d. ab, : :
[Nos. 296, 315, 332, 376. R. E. D.; 1513. D. C.; 2324, 2346, 2352, 2358, 2360,
9381, 2304. G. L.; 3354. R. B. WJ
tu. 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 13th & 16th June. [No. 3473, 3487. &. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris brown or dark hazel ; bill brown or black, lighter on
the lower mandible ; feet brown or flesh-colour.
This dark mountain-form allied to MW. fischeri was originally described from specimens
procured by Mr. A. Whyte on the plains of Zomba, and on the lower slopes of the
Milanji Plateau at an elevation of 3000 ft. It is very interesting to find what is
apparently exactly the same dark form occurring on the plains to the south-east
of Ruwenzori at a similar elevation. Dr. Reichenow, who has apparently never
examined specimens of J. zombe, has united it with J/. fischeri; but there can
be no doubt that it is a very distinct and easily recognized form, which takes the
place of M/. fischeri on the higher ground over at least a part of the range of the latter
species.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. Sill
[This little Lark was very numerous in the acacia-country on the plains around the
south end of Ruwenzori, but was not seen on the mountains above an elevation of
4000 ft. While hovering in the air it makes a curious drumming noise with its
wings.—f. B. W.]
MIRAFRA TROPICALIS Hartert.
Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert, Noy. Zool. vii. p. 45 (1900) [Lake Districts and Uganda] ;
id, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 92 (1907).
Mirafra africana Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 51 (1902) [part.].
a-c. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th —29th April. [Nos. 240.
R. E. D.; 1433, 1457. D. C.]
d-k. 3%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th-24th May. ([Nos. 331.
R. B. D.; 2335, 2341, 2342, 2343, 2351, 2392. G. L.]
l,m. 6 2. Mokia, $.EK. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th June. [Nos. 424, 425. R. E. D.)
Adult male and female. Iris hazel; bill dusky horn-colour or brown, whitish on
the lower mandible ; feet brown or light brown.
I have compared the above-mentioned series of specimens with the type of I. tropi-
calis Hartert, from Bukoba on the west coast of Lake Victoria; they agree perfectly
with one another and evidently represent a well-marked subspecies. Dr. Hartert has
already pointed out that Captain Shelley was mistaken in supposing that JZ. occi-
dentalis (Hartl.) from Gaboon is synonymous with I. tropicalis, and has shown that
the former is in reality more nearly allied to the South African form MW. africana
(ef. Bull. B. O. C. xix. pp. 93 & 94 (1907).
[Hartert’s Rufous-naped Lark was plentiful on the plains around the south end of
Ruwenzori, but was not found on the mountains. It frequents the acacia-country,
and is constantly to be seen perched on the top of some low bush uttering from time
to time a long single note.—R. B. W.]
Family MOTACILLID &.
MOraciLLA vipuA Sundev.
Motacilla vidua Shelley, B. Afr. 11. p. 268, pl. xii. fig. 1 (1900) ; Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 296
(1904).
a. d. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 2008. G. Z.]
6. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 3rd Jan. [No. 3064. R. B. W.}
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
[The African Pied Wagtail was met with throughout the journey, and occurred on
Ruwenzori up to an elevation of 7000 ft. It was an extraordinarily tame and familiar
bird, seeming to prefer the vicinity of habitations. At each base-camp formed by the
512 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Kixpedition, a pair of these Wagtails built a nest in the roof of our house, almost as
soon as it was finished.—R. B. W.]
MOTACILLA LONGICAUDA Riipp.
Motacilla longicauda Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 274 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 301 (1904).
a,b. 3 2 tvixad. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th Sept. [Nos. 539,
53) a. R. HE. D.)
Tris brown; bill black; feet slate-colour.
Neither of these specimens appear to be fully adult. In the male the third
pair of tail-feathers have the greater part of the outer web and a broad band down the
margin of the inner web black ; the fourth pair have a black line down the middle third
of the outer web, and the two outermost pairs are pure white. In the female (which has
the tail-feathers in mouit) the third pair have the outer web mostly black, but no black
on the inner web, the fourth pair have a black line down the middle third of the outer
web as in the male, and the two outermost pairs are pure white; moreover, the second
pair of normally black tail-feathers (which are worn and apparently remains of the
first plumage) are irregularly marked with white towards the tip.
[A pair of the Long-tailed Pied Wagtail were obtained in the Mpanga Forest,
and a pair of Wagtails believed to be of the same species were seen on a stream
in the Congo Forest. When flying up or down the streams in the forest they always
kept close to the water, and their flight was straight and swift, more like that of a
Kingfisher than a Wagtail— 2. B. W.|
MoraciLia FLAVA Linn.
Motacilla flava Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 286 (1900).
Budytes flava Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 803 (1904).
a. 3. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 3011. R. B. W.]
b,c. 2 imm. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 2nd Dec. [Nos. 2014,
2015. G. L.]
d. éimm. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 6th Dec. [No. 1040. D. C.]
e-g. 6 2imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft. 7th & 8th Dec. [Nos. 34,
30. Rk. BE. D.; 2024. G. L.]
h. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2°th Dec. [No. 53. R. E. D.]
i. 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist Jan. [No. 62. &. HE. D.]
Adult male. Iris dark brown; bill dark brown; feet black or dark grey.
Some of the specimens have a good deal of olive-colour in the middle of the grey
crown, and in that respect approach J. campestris Pall.
[A good many examples of the Common Yellow Wagtail were seen between
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 313:
Entebbe and Ruwenzori and occasionally met with on the mountains up to an elevation
of 6500 feet.—R. B. W.|
ANTHUS PYRRHONOTUS (Vieill.).
Anthus pyrrhonotus Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 307 (1900).
Anthus leucophrys sordidus Reich. Vog. Afr. tii. p. 318 (1904).
a,b. ¢. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [Nos. 15, 16. #. £. D.]
c,d. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th & 8th May. [Nos. 300. Rk. ZL D.;
2329. G. L.]
e-i. 6 Qet g imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-17th June. [Nos. ALT.
h. E. D.; 2398, 2406. G. £.; 3479, 3480. R. B. W.]
k. 9. 60 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft, 17th Aug. [No.
ILA SIL, 72), (C2
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill brown or blackish, lower mandible
yellowish ; feet flesh-colour or brown.
All these birds appear to be typical examples of A. pyrrhonotus (Vieill.). I am
unable to distinguish the subspecies A. gowldi Fraser, the length of the hind claw
being in my opinion too variable a character to place much reliance on. For instance,
among the present series some specimens have the hind toe equal in length to the
hind claw, while in others it is much shorter.
[This Pipit was met with near Entebbe and on the plains round Ruwenzori, but
it did not ascend the mountains. It has a habit of suddenly flying up perpendicularly
into the air to a height of 20 or 30 feet and then dropping head first, with closed
wings, almost to the ground, only opening its wings just before alighting. I have
noticed it doing this repeatedly, for half an hour at a time, generally in the evening,
over some open patch of ground where it could run about freely in search of insects.—
R. B.W
ANTHUS TRIVIALIS Linn.
Anthus trivialis Shelley, B. Afr. 11. p. 299 (1900); Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 811 (1904) ;
Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 559 [Toro].
a. 6. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1045. D. C.]
b. Adult. Mubuku Valley, EH. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 29th Dec. [No. 54. R. E. D.|
cf. 6 9. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., Ist—27th Jan.
[Nos. 61. R. B. D.; 2065, 2071, 2117. @. D.]
g, h. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 18th & 21st March. [ Nos.
WBS ID, C25 2B Gre 1h
Adult. Iris hazel or dark brown; bill brown or blackish, lower mandible light brown;
feet light brown, brown, or flesh-colour.
VOL. X1x.—ParT Iv. No. 42.—WMarch, 1910. 20;
314 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
[The Tree-Pipit was seen on Ruwenzori as late as the 18th of March, and was
met with up to an elevation of 7000 ft. It was seen near Entebbe in December.
—R. B.W.]
Antuus LeaGEt Grant. (Plate XIII. fig. 4, ¢.)
Anthus leggei Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 26 (1906).
a,b. 6 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th & 24th May. ([Nos. 2344,
2391. G. L. Types of the species. | Et
c, d. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 22nd & 23rd May. [Nos. 3396,
8404. R. B.W.]
é, f. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th & 17th June. [Nos. 432. #. E. D.;
L631. D.C.)
This species is most nearly allied to dA. brachyurus Sundey., from which it differs
chiefly in its somewhat smaller size, the white ground-colour of the underparts, and
the very strong black markings on the chest and breast. Iris dark brown; upper
mandible black, lower mandible brown; feet brown, pale brown, or pale flesh-colour.
é. Total length ca. 4°5 inches ; wing 2°5; tail 1°55; tarsus 0°64.
cee a Spd ste » 2°46-2°5; tail 1:35-1°5; tarsus 0°64.
[This very small Pipit was found only on the plains round the south end of
Ruwenzori, and did not ascend the mountains. It was not a common bird and most
difficult to procure, as it was impossible to see it while on the ground on account of
the long grass. It was very reluctant to take flight, but, when once on the wing, flew
with remarkable swiftness, usually rising to a considerable height and settling a long
way off—R. B. W.|
Macronyx cRoceus (Vieill.).
Macronyz croceus Shelley, B. Afr, iii. p. 4 (1902); Reich. Vég. Afr. in. p. 321 (1904).
d.
Entebbe, 3500 ft., 18th Nov. [No. 1002. D. C.]
aS.
6. ¢. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 3002. &. B. W.]
c.g. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 10. &. #. D.]
d. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 4th Dec. [No. 2017. G. L.]
é. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th April. [No. 233. R. #. D.]
f-m. 62. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 1st—29th May. ~[Nos. 265, 338,
d. d. d.
390. Rk. BE. D.; 2313, 2336, 2337, 2348. G. L.]
m. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th June. [No, 452. #. #. D.]
Adult male and female. Ivis hazel to dark brown; upper mandible black, lower
mandible bluish-horn colour; feet brown or light brown.
There is a specimen of V/. croceus in the British Museum procured by Lord Delamere
«
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 315
on the Athi River, B.E. Africa, which is in a remarkable stage of plumage and unlike
that of any other specimen which I have examined. ‘The sides and flanks are pale
sandy, heavily streaked with black shaft-stripes, and the yellow on the underparts
is restricted to the middle of the breast and belly. The bird is probably a female
attaining its first adult plumage, many of the feathers being only partly grown, but the
light colour of the sides and flanks is peculiar, though probably only individual.
Threugh the kindness of Count Salvadori and of Mr. Walter Rothschild I have been
able to compare the type-specimen of Macronyx ascensi Salvadori [cf. Bull. Mus. Tor.
xxi. no. 570 (1907)], from Lake Meru, with a typical specimen of I. fulleborni
Reichenow, from Ngomingi, Uhehe Country (Marwitz), sent to the Tring Museum by
Dr. Reichenow ; also with two specimens of Macronyx procured in Angola respectively
by Dr. W. J. Ansorge in July and by Mr. C. H. Pemberton in December. These latter
agree exactly with the type of J/. ascensi, and though they are slightly brighter yellow
on the breast and greyer on the rump than the typical specimen of MM. fulleborni, I
think it highly probable that all should be included under the latter heading. The
typical specimen of MV. fulieborni, which was killed in the month of August, is in partly
worn plumage, but the feathers of back and rump have been recently moulted, which
may account for their browner colour.
[The Yellow-throated Long-claw was plentiful from Entebbe to Ruwenzori and on
the plains all round the mountains below 5000 ft—2. B. W.]
Family NECTARINIID &.
NECTARINIA ERYTHROCERCA Heugl.
Cinnyris erythrocerius Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 49 (1900).
Nectarinia erythrocerca Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 493 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 556
[Toro].
Nectarinia erythroceria Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 282 [ Lake Edward].
a,b. 6%. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [Nos. 3013, 3014.
R. BW?)
ce-e. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th-28th June. [Nos. 1679, 1700,
1101. D.C]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
As already recorded, in my paper on the “ Birds collected in Uganda and the Upper
Congo,” this species was procured by Mr. Carruthers a little to the north of Lake
Edward, which is probably the most southerly and westerly point from which it has
been obtained.
In the four males mentioned above the colour of the upper tail-coverts varies con-
siderably. Nos. 3013 and 1700, from Entebbe and S.E. Ruwenzori respectively, have
iy 2
316 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
the upper tail-coverts mostly peacock-blue, while in Nos. 1679 and 1701, both from
S.E. Ruwenzori, they are bright purple. ‘This difference is no doubt caused by
weathering. The under tail-coverts also vary greatly: in some specimens they are
quite black, while iu others they are widely tipped with purple.
[Heuglin’s Wedge-tailed Sun-bird was seen between Entebbe and Ruwenzori, and at
the foot of the mountains on the east side. It was not an uncommon bird at the
south-east end of the range, and it was also seen at Fort Beni.—R. B. W.]
NECTARINIA MELANOGASTRA Fischer & Reichenow.
Nectarinia melanogastra Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 25, pl.i. fig. 2 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. in.
p. 496 (1905).
Nectarinia melunogaster Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 554 [ Ruwenzori |.
There is an adult male of this species in Mr. Jackson’s collection, which was
procured by Mr. Geoffrey Archer on Ruwenzori on the 13th of February, 1902, but
the exact locality is not recorded. ‘The species was not met with by the members of
the Expedition.
NECTARINIA CUPREONITENS Shelley.
Nectarinia cupreonitens Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 21 (1900).
Nectarinia famosa (Linn.) ; Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 499 (1905) [part.].
a-c. 6 et ¢ imm. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000-5400 ft., 25th July.
[Nos. 1759, 1760. D. C.; 2437. G. L.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
After a careful examination of all the specimens of N. famosa (Linn.) and NV. cupreo-
nitens Shelley, both in the British Museum and in Mr. Jackson’s collection, I find that
the present form can be recognised by its shorter and more curved bill, as well as by
its slightly smaller size, from examples of V. famosa from South Africa, and should be
kept separate.
According to Mr. A. Stark and Captain Shelley, birds of this genus after
the breeding-season assume a change-plumage like that of the adult female.
Against this theory I] may mention that among the large series of specimens of
N. famosa collected by Mr. Claude Grant in South Africa there are full-plumaged
males procured throughout the whole year. All the evidence points to the fact that
the birds which Captain Shelley and others supposed to be adult males in change-
plumage are really younger males in an intermediate hen-like plumage, which is assumed
after the first plumage and retained during the first year. ‘The metallic wings and
long middle tail-feathers, like those of the adult, are then assumed, but the head and
rest of the upperparts as well as the breast remain much like those of the female, but
are intermixed with a few scattered metallic feathers. Subsequently the metallic back
and breast of the fully adult male are acquired. There are numerous immature males
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. Saleh
in the British Museum collection in which the metallic feathers of the back are
obviously moulting, many being only partially grown, but there is not a single
specimen with the metallic back which is assuming the olive-brown plumage, and if
this intermediate plumage was really an eclipse plumage such specimens would certainly
be found among the large series I have examined. I therefore assume that males of
the genus Nectarinia, unlike the males of Cinnyris, do not assume the fully adult
plumage during the first year, and that during that period they are clad in an inter-
mediate and partly hen-like plumage.
[A few examples of the Northern Malachite Sun-bird were met with just at the foot
of the mountains on the west side of Ruwenzori, near the mouth of the Butagu River.
They were not uncommon at this spot, but were never met with again throughout the
R. B.W.)
whole journey.
NECTARINIA KILIMENSIS Shelley. (Plate XIX. fig. 9, ege.)
Nectarinia kilimensis Shelley, B. Afr. 11. p. 28, pl. i. fig. 1 (1900); Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 502
(1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 555 [Toro].
a.
a-e. 6. 90 to 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 4th-9th Dec. [Nos. 43. BR: E. D.;
d. d.
1031, 1043. D. C.; 3027, 3047. R. B. W.]
fH. $ 2 et d imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th-3lst Dec.
d.
[Nos. 1067. D. C.; 2032, 2035, 2042. G. L.]
d
k-o. $ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist-24th Jan. [Nos. 7%
a.
Jie 1815 10.3 NUS IO Oo er AN OT) ALIA, Gi, Jas AOU, Vee a, V5)
p. dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 25th Feb. [No. 175. R. E. D.|
gG-at. 3 Q. Y A ss 5000—6000 ft., 16th & 23rd March.
(Sis
a | a d. d.
[Nos. 206, 210, 221. &. E. D.; 1363, 1364. D. C.; 2205, 2207, 2209. G. L.]
y. ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 7th April. [No. 2281. @. L.|
z. @. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 2433. @. L.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark hazel or dark brown; bill and feet black.
Tam rather doubtful if specimen 2433 is really a female of NV. kilimensis, for it has
the general colour of the underparts brownish-yellow. It, however, closely resembles
a female from Toro in the Jackson Collection, which latter has the underparts inter-
mediate in colour between typical yellow-breasted N. kilimensis and the browner-
breasted bird from Fort Beni.
The egg figured on the accompanying Plate forms part of Mr. F, J. Jackson’s
collection, and was procured on the Mau Downs on the 18th of December, 1895.
[The Kilimanjaro Bronze Sun-bird was met with almost everywhere throughout the
318 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
journey wherever the tree Hrythrina tomentosa grows. We met with it on Ruwenzori
up to an elevation of 7000 ft., but it was not found in the dry acacia-country around
the south end of the range, where this tree is very scarce. All the Sun-birds, but more
especially those with long bills, which enable them to probe the deep cup of the
flower of HL. tomentosa, are greatly attracted by its clusters of scarlet blossom. WV. kili-
mensis appears to feed on it almost exclusively, and, so far as our experience went,
the species is not found where this tree does not occur.—#. B. W.]
NECTARINIA DARTMOUTH! Grant. (Plate XII. figs. 1, ¢ ; 2, 2.)
Nectarinia darimouthi Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 117 (1906).
ap. 6 2 et ¢ 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 12,000—-13,000 ft., 29th &
d. d. d. d.
30th Jan.) PNosq toting 2, 93 Oa Os) MLO GON OS yo OMe Oe wa Cr
d. d. d.
ISS, BBY SBS, BBG, SMB. fe, a5 74]
g-w. 6 2 et dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 12,500-13,000 ft., loth &
19th Feb. [Nos. 155, 156, 161*. R. E. D.; 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169. R. B. W.]
g-a’. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 13,000-14,500 ft., 5rd & Sth April.
[Nos. 230, 930a. R. B.D.; 1425, 1426. D. @O)
The male of this splendid alpine species is most nearly allied to that of WV. salvadorit
Shelley, having the same rather short and but slightly curved bill, but is easily distin-
guished by haying the upperparts of a rather darker green, shading into dark greenish-
blue on the rump. The upper tail-coverts, margins of the tail-feathers, belly, sides, and
flanks are of the same greenish-blue tint. Iris dark hazel; bill and feet black.
Total length about 10-4 inches; culmen 1-1; wing 3:2; middle tail-feathers 6:5,
lateral tail-feathers 2:3; tarsus 0°8.
The female is very similar to that of WV. johnstoni Shelley, but is easily distinguished
by the shorter and straighter bill.
The occurrence of this remarkably handsome Sun-bird dwelling on the highest
parts of the range, close to the limit of vegetation, was perhaps the most important
discovery made by the Expedition. It has been named in honour of the Earl of
Dartmouth, who was one of the principal subscribers to the Ruwenzori Expedition.
His son, Mr. Gerald Legge, was one of the most successful collectors who took part in
this memorable exploration.
(This beautiful Sun-bird was found only on Ruwenzori, where it frequented the
lobelia- and groundsel-zone from an elevation of 12,500 ft. up to 14,500 ft. In the early
morning, when the sun generally shines upon the higher parts of the range for a few
hours before the cloud-bank has accumulated, these regions seem alive with the males
* Types of the species.
W. BR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 319
of this beautiful green Sun-bird and their more sombrely clad wives. Their short
cheerful song is heard on all sides, uttered from the top of a tall lobelia-spike or bunch
of giant groundsel. It is a very pretty sight to see them feeding upon the lobelias, as
they cling to the side of the tall flower-spike. With their legs held horizontally so as
to keep the body away from the flowers, they swiftly probe the long pale blue tubes oi
the blossom with their curved beaks. The males are incessantly fighting with one another
or flirting with the females, and each pair seems to claim a certain district as its own,
from which all trespassers are hastily and noisily chased. They show little or no fear
of man, and one actually settled upon the barrel of Mr. Carruthers’s gun while he was
standing still, Where found they are extremely plentiful, but as they are never met
with below 12,500 ft. they do not occur among the tree-heaths, and apparently feed
entirely upon the lobelia-blossoms.
In dark misty weather few of these birds were to be seen, but their song was often
heard in spite of mist and rain. They were breeding in January, which is the driest
month of the year, and some of the young were already fledged. Unfortunately, we
failed to find a nest.—h. B. W.|
NECTARINIA PURPUREIVENTRIS (Reichenow).
Cinnyris purpurewentris Shelley, B. Afr. u. p. 39 (1900).
Nectarinia barake Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xii. p. 8 (1902), p. 50 (1903) [| Ruwenzori ].
Nectarinia purpureiventris Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 503 (1905) [ Migere, Mufumbiro]; Jackson,
Ibis, 1906, p. 555 [ Ruwenzori].
a. éimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 10th March. [No. 2179. G. £.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
The only example of this remarkably handsome Sun-bird procured by the Expedition
is a male assuming the metallic breeding-plumage.
In the Jackson Collection there are numerous examples from Ruwenzori, procured
by Mr. G. Archer, and, among them, males in full breeding-plumage shot in February
and October. There is also a male, killed on the 13th of February, assuming the
metallic plumage, and very similar to the bird in the present Collection, which was
procured on the 10th of March. This would seem to indicate that the metallic
plumage is assumed in February and March ; but I have satisfied myself that both these
specimens are ¢mmature birds assuming their metallic dress and not adult birds coming
out of an “eclipse” plumage. ‘This species was first procured by Stuhlmann at Migere,
on the Mufumbiro Volcanoes.
[A single specimen of Baraka’s Sun-bird was shot by Mr. Gerald Legge in the
Mubuku Valley, on the east side of Ruwenzori, at an altitude of 7000 ft. This was
the only occasion on which the species was met with during the whole expedition
around the mountains. It is a remarkable fact that Mr. Geoffrey Archer should have
320 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
obtained nearly a dozen examples of this species on Ruwenzori, either in the Mubuku
or Luimi Valleys, both of which were visited by the Expedition.—R. B. W. |
ANTHOTHREPTES AXILLARIS Reichenow.
Anthothreptes axillaris Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 143 (1900).
Anthreptes axillaris Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 442 (1905).
a. 6. 20 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 1ith Aug. [No. 505.
R. E. D.)
b. 2 (?¢ imm.]. Trumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 565. R. £. D.|
Adult male. Tris dark brown; bill dusky; feet olive-brown.
Immature male? Iris hazel; wpper mandible black, lower light horn-colour; feet
slate-colour.
This very distinct species is new to the British Museum. Specimen “0,” marked
“9” by Mr. Dent, is probably an immature male; for the female is said to have no
pectoral tufts, while in the present specimen the tufts are distinctly indicated by a few
yellow feathers tipped with orange. The bill, too, is much shorter than in the adult
male.
[A few of these little Grey-crowned Sun-birds were met with in the Eturi Forest
between Fort Beni and Irumu. ‘They appeared to trequent the undergrowth and
not the tree-tops, but so few were seen that we could not be certain on this point.
It is, however, an interesting one, for birds were very rarely found to inhabit both
the undergrowth and the tree-tops.—k. B. W.|
ANTHOTHREPTES ZAMBESIANA Shelley.
Anthothreptes hypodila Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 151 (1900) [part.].
Anthreptes hypodila Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 442 (1905) [part.].
Anthothreptes zambesiana Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 286 [S.W. Uganda].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 27th Jan. [No. 2116. G. Z.]
Oe Bs 3 a4 6500 ft., 6th Feb. [No. 1219. D.C]
c,d. 2 et dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 24th March. [Nos.
BAS (ly Bae ha 1545 14%
e. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th May. [No. 1506. D.C]
f. ¢, Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [No. 17387. D.C]
g. 2. Mawambi, Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 29th Oct. [No. 3646. R. B. W.]
h, ¢ imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 21st Sept. [No. 553. #. E. D.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
I have already explained my reasons for keeping A. zambesiana distinct from
A. hypodila (Jard.) in my paper on Mr. Carruthers’s collection published in ‘The Ibis,’
vide supra.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 321
[A few examples of the Zambesi Collared Sun-bird were met with in the Eturi and
Congo Forests and in the Mpanga Forest to the east of Ruwenzori, as well as on the
mountains up to 7000 ft.; but they were distinctly scarce. A nest of this species was
found on Ruwenzori at 7000 ft.; it was placed among the leaves of a giant lobelia
(Lobelia giberroa), about 8 feet from the ground, and was composed of very fine grass
and the thin tendrils of creepers. Unfortunately the nest was forsaken when only
half built.—R. B. W.]
ANTHOTHREPTES TEPHROLAEMA (Jard. & Fraser).
Anthothreptes tephrolema Shelley, B. Afr. 11. p. 156 (1900).
Anthreptes tephrolema Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 445 (1905).
a-c. ¢ 2. 10-40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000-3500 ft., 10th—
13th Aug. [Nos. 503, 507. R. £. D.; 1781. D.C]
Adult male and female. Iris reddish-brown or dark brown ; bill and feet black.
The female No. 507 is marked by Mr. Dent as “breeding; shot in clearing in
forest.”
[The Grey-chinned Collared Sun-bird was obtained only in the Eturi Forest, near
Fort Beni, where it appeared to be a rare bird.—A#. B. W.]
CYANOMITRA RAGAZZII Salvad.
Cyanomitra obscura Shelley, B. Afr. u. p. 125 (1900) [part.].
Chalcomitra obscura Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 450 (1905) [part., nec Fernando Po].
Chalcomitra obscura ragazzii Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 451 (1905).
a. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd July. [No. 3514. Rk. B. W.]
6. ¢. 30 miles N. of Fort Beni, 3900 ft., 12th Aug. [No. 1779. D. C.]
c-e. ¢ 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th & 21st Sept. [Nos. 526,
R. E. D.; 3600, 3601. &. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris brown or dark brown; bill and feet dark brown or
black.
According to Dr. Reichenow, the birds from the Mpanga Forest should be called
C. ragazzii (Salvad.); but the differences between them and the birds from West Africa
are too slight to warrant any separation. With this conclusion Captain Shelley fully
agrees.
Birds from Fernando Po are slightly larger, and have the underparts greenish-
white: in birds from the mainland of Africa these parts are generally olive.
The type of Nectarinia obscura Jardine was procured in Fernando Po, and
therefore the name C. ragazzii must be retained for the specimens from the African
Continent. The British Museum possesses a typical specimen of C. ragazzii (Salvad.)
from “ Foresta di Fekerie-ghem,” Shoa, killed on the 6th of May, 1885, and received
VOL. XIX.—PART IV. No. 45.— March, 1910. By 3
322 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
in exchange from the Turin Museum. It is apparently not quite fully adult and still
possesses traces of yellow on the throat and underparts, characteristic of immaturity.
It is the specimen 6 (155) [cf Salvad. An. Mus. Civ. Genoy. xxvi. p. 247 (1888)],
and is marked as “@,” but is certainly a male with the yellow pectoral tufts well
developed.
[This curious Sun-bird was plentiful both in the Eturi Forest and in the Mpanga
Forest to the east of Ruwenzori. It was never seen except when darting hither
and thither among the undergrowth with a surprisingly swift and jerky flight,
uttering, as it flew, a short sharp note.—. B. W.]
CYANOMITRA CYANOLZMA (Jard.).
Chalcomitra cyanolema Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 456 (1905).
a. 2. 10 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [No. 3538.
BEE)
6b. 2. Avakubi, Eturi Forest, 2500 ft., 3ist Oct. [No. 581. &. E. D.]
Adult female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
[Lhe above-mentioned female examples of the Blue-throated Brown Sun-bird,
obtained in the Eturi Forest, were the only ones seen.—R. B. W.|
CINNYRIS VIRIDISPLENDENS Reichenow.
Cyanomitra verticalis Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 127 (1900) [part.].
Chalcomitra verticalis viridisplendens Reich. Vog. Afr. 111. p. 454 (1905).
a, 6. 6 2. 120-140 miles west of Entebbe, 4000-4500 ft., 9th & llth Dec.
(Nos. 46. &. E. D.; 3046. &. B. W.]
c,d. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th-29th Dee. [Nos. 1066,
1069. D. C.]
e-i. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist-25th Jan. [Nos. 109, 114,
127. RB. E. D.; 181. D.C.; 2072. @. ibe]
k,l. 6 @. Mukubu Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 22nd & 28th March. [Nos. 226.
12, (3, 10,3 Mall. Ds Cb .
m-o. 6 2. Mukubu Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 3rd & 5th April. [Nos. 2267,
d.
2268, 2277. G. L.]
p,g. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th & 24th May. [Nos. 1615. D. C.;
d.
3327. R. B.W.]
d. a.
rv. 6 ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 27th-29th June. [Nos. 1696, 1697,
1708, 1709, 1710. D. C.]
w. 6. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4500 ft., 28th July. [No. 498. &. £. D.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 323
All the male specimens in the present collection clearly belong to this rather larger,
longer-billed, and greener-throated form of C. verticalis (Lath.). The West African
birds have the bill somewhat shorter, and as a rule the throat is distinctly blue,
though in a large series a few specimens which are intermediate as regards the colour
of the chin and throat can be found. Moreover, the male of C. verticalis has the
breast and underparts of a blackish-grey tint (in C. viridisplendens these parts are
dark grey) and the female has the underparts of a soiled white tint, relatively much
lighter than in C. viridisplendens, which is grey below and rather darker on the throat
and chest.
Young males of C. viridisplendens in first plumage have the crown bright olive,
with a few metallic-green feathers on the throat, the chest blackish mixed with some
metallic-green plumes, and the rest of the underparts yellowish-olive.
Young females have the crown like that of the young males, but the throat and
chest are yellowish-olive like the rest of the underparts.
[The eastern form of the Green-headed Olive Sun-bird was obtained near Entebbe,
and was met with throughout the journey to Ruwenzori; it was not seen on the
mountains above 7000 ft.—R. B. W.|
CINNYRIS ALINA (Jackson).
Cyanomitra aline Jacks. Bull. B. O. C. xiv. p. 94 (1904); id. Ibis, 1906, p. 558 [Ruwenzori].
Chaleomitra aline Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 841 (1905).
a-e. 6 et dg imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 7th-23rd Jan.
[N@s> Bile Utes JB: JD, 3 IIL), TGs}, JUS IL, JD. CLs BOS, Te, JR V7]
f-¢. 6 2 et dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-9000 ft., 3rd-28th Feb.
d. a. a. a. d. d.
ENos5 LEAs dhiney, ES vis Tan TORS ASS, NP PA IDS (CRB PAIL OA OARS a Ali).
Gis Wh, § BAG. dim dei WAI
rv. 6 2 et gimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500-8000 ft., 4th-25th
March. [Nos. 185, 200, 208. B. E. D.; 1294, 1310, 1340. D. C.; 2178, 2180, 2181,
2182, 2183, 2192. G. L.; 3202, 3209, 3220, 3256, 3259, 3261. Eee ee VA
k. 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist April. [No. 2263. G. L.]
l. 2. N. Ruwenzori, 7700 ft., 27th Sept. [No. 509. R. EH. D]
Adult male and female. Iris crimson, reddish-brown, chestnut, or hazel ; bill and
feet black.
In the original description of the type-specimen the sex (male) is not stated, and
n0 mention is made of the pale chrome-yellow pectoral tufts which are characteristic
of that sex.
The female has never been described, but differs from the male only in lacking the
pale yellow pectoral tufts.
2x 2
324 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Young males have the crown, chin, and throat blackish, usually with a few metallic
feathers, the mantle olive, without the orange wash found in the adult, and the
breast and rest of the underparts greyish, washed with olive.
[Jackson’s Purple-throated Sun-bird was found on Ruwenzori at elevations of from
5500 to 8500 ft. It was plentiful both in the forest and below it, feeding largely
upon the scarlet flowers of Hrythrina tomentosa. Females of this species were
remarkably difficult to obtain; when numbers of these birds were feeding in the
same tree the proportion of males to females was always as great as eight to one.
This was the case during the whole time we remained in the mountains, so that the
possible explanation that most of the females were engaged in incubation would not
hold good.— Rk. B. W.]
CINNYRIS AQUATORIALIS Reichenow.
Chalcomitra equatorialis Reich. Vig. Afr. ili. p. 464 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 557
[ Toro].
a,b. 3. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st & 26th Nov. [Nos.1005. D.C.; 3005. R. B. W.]
e. ¢. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 7th Dec. [No. 1042. D. C.]
d-g. 5 2 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 16th-26th March.
(INos2) 223° RaeH: DY NAO2 De On) 29049950. G: |
h. 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 1448. D. C.]
Hy. S Qet g Qimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-29th May. Nos.
302, 307, 384, 393. R. B.D. 1603, 1604, 1616. D. C.; 2327, 2528, 2338. G. L.; 3318.
3319, 3326, 3422, 3495, 3426. R. B. Wi
z,a@. 36 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd & 16th June. [Nos. 3446,
3490. Rk. B. W.|
U. @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th July. [No. 1720. D. C.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
All the above-mentioned specimens belong to the larger form of C. acik Antinori,
which has been separated by Dr. Reichenow under the above name. The latter states
that the metallic green of the top of the head and chin is of a different colour in the
two forms; but this does not appear to be really the case. The only real difference
seems to be one of size, the more northern C. acik being altogether smaller and having
a much shorter bill.
Culmen. Wing.
in. in,
Naultimales (Oh GIP 6 0 oo) a Be. ORGS 3-6—2°66.
C. equatorialis . . . «1:07-1:15 2:9-3:05
Mr. G. Archer notes that he did not meet with this species on Ruwenzori, though
he procured specimens in Toro.
|The Larger Scarlet-chested Sun-bird was seen throughout the journey from Entebbe
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 320
to the edge of the Eturi Forest; but on Ruwenzori it did not ascend above 5000 ft.—
R. BW)
CINNYRIS FALKENSTEINI Fisch. & Reichenow.
Cinnyris falkensteini Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 66, pl. iii. fig. 1 (1900) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 282
[N.W. of Lake Tanganyika].
Cinnyris venustus falkensteint Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 474 (1905).
sé. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th Dec. [Nos. 3032. R. B. W. |
This specimen was procured by Mr. Woosnam on the 6th of December, about
100 miles to the west of Entebbe, and on the following day he obtained typical
examples of C. igneiventris, showing that the ranges of these two forms meet at this
spot. ‘The bird is a fully adult male, with the orange pectoral tufts and yellow belly
and flanks characteristic of C. falkensteini.
CINNYRIS IGNEIVENTRIS Reichenow.
Cinnyris venustus ignewentris Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 475 (1905).
Cinnyris igneiventris Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 282 (Lake Kivu).
a-g. 5 et 2 juv. 100-150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4th-12th Dec. [Nos. 1032,
1047. iD), Gs 2UB0, Ge Jas BOM BOSS, 3040, Lie Bo Vi%ol
h. 6. Fort Portal, 5200 ft., 5th July. [No. 3501. 2. B. W.]
it. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 3rd—6th Jan. [Nos. 64.
R. HE. D.; 3066, 3147. &. B. W.]
m,n. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., Ist & 8th Feb. [ Nos. 138.
J. Jai, ID, 8 Weal, JD, Gs)
o-g. ¢ 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 9th-13th March.
[Nos. 2190, 2191. G. Z.; 3190. &. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris brown or dark brown; bill and feet black.
[The Fire-bellied Sun-bird was plentiful near Entebbe, and was not uncommon
throughout the journey to Ruwenzori, where it was occasionally seen up to an elevation
of 8000 ft. A few were also met with at the south end of the range, but they were rather
rare there.—f. B. W.]
Cinnyris cupreus (Shaw). (Plate XIX. fig. 7, egg.
Cinnyris cupreus Sheliey, B. Afr. ii. p. 86 (1900); Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 475 (1905) ;
Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 556 [ Entebbe].
a. 3. 30 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 26th Nov. [No. 3006. R. B. W.]
6. ¢ imm. [?¢ ad.]. 150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 11th Dec. [No. 3053.
18 Sox, Vi
c,d. ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 28th Feb. [Nos. 3183,
3184. Rk. B. W.)
326 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
e-k. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 1st-28th May. [Nos. 389. &. H. D.;
1199, 1543. D. C.; 9311, 2316. G. L.; 3328. R. B. W.]
I,m. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-16th June. [Nos. 8453, 3491.
is 15 Vaya
n. ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th July. [No. 1721. D. C]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
Specimen 3053 is marked as being a male, but has every appearance of being a
female in worn plumage with some freshly moulted feathers on the back and chest.
‘Two eggs taken by Mr. Woosnam (with the female specimen No. 3453) are of a
rather blunt-pointed oval shape and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is pale
yellowish-white, obscurely clouded and smeared with grey, sparingly marked with
rounded spots and short irregular streaks of brownish-black. They measure respectively
68 x°52 and °66 X°5 in.
An egg in the British Museum referred to this species and taken at Witu was
received with the Crowley Bequest. It is much smaller than those collected by
Mr. Woosnam and measures 61 X°41 in., and is also differently marked. It, however,
agrees with the description and measurements of eggs of C. cupreus given by Nehrkorn
(cf. Kat. Hier Samml. p. 76 (1899)].
(The Common Copper-coloured Sun-bird was seen near Entebbe and on the plains
around the E. and S.W. of Ruwenzori, but it was not met with on the mountains.
A nest found on the 5th of June was suspended from the bough of an acacia-tree about
5 ft. from the ground; it was composed of fine grass and the down of plants and
contained two eges.—R. B. W.|
CINNYRIS SUPERBUS (Shaw).
Cinnyris superbus Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 41 (1900); Reich. Vog. Afr. il. p. 477 (1905).
a—c. 6 2. Ft. Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [Nos. 484, 485. 1iy, Ji JO) 2
SO, Jt JH Z|
d. 6. Avakubi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 31st Oct. [No. 3652. k. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
[The Superb Sun-bird was not uncommon around Fort Beni on the eastern edge of
the Eturi Forest, and was met with sparingly in the clearings in the forest between
Fort Beni and Mawambi. It was not observed in the forest near Irumu.—fi. Bb. W.|
CINNYRIS MARIQUENSIS Smith.
Cinnyris mariquensis Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 51 (1900); Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 479 (1905).
Cinnyris mariquensis suahelicus Reich. 1. ec.
Cinnyris osiris Shelley, 1. c. p. 53 [part.].
a. 6. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft. [No. 1044. D.C ]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANIT—AVES, O20
Iris dark hazel; bill and feet black.
This bird, a nearly adult male, belongs to the typical South African form, which it
resembles in every particular, including the length of the bill. Cinnyris suahelicus
Reichenow should be referred to the synonymy of C. mariquensis, and not to that of
C. osiris as quoted by Captain Shelley [B. Afr. ii. p. 53 (1900)].
[The Southern Bifasciated Sun-bird was met with only between Entebbe and
Ruwenzori.— Rh. B. W.}
CINNYRIS MICRORHYNCHUS Shelley.
Cinnyris microrhynchus Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 55 (1900).
Cinnyris mariquensis microrhynchus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 481 (1905).
a. 6. Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 3290. 2. B. W.]
(5G Qs op Hi Fe Ith-3 1st May. [Nos. 402. &. HL. D.; 1527,
1565, 1566. D.C.; 3405. &. B. W.]
g. 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th June. [No. 3496. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
The six male examples from $.K. Ruwenzori included in the present collection are
somewhat puzzling, and, though I think they must all belong to one species, they
vary one from another considerably in the colour of their plumage. First, as regards
the colour of the under tail-coverts: in three specimens (Nos. 402, 1566, 3496) these
parts are black with a dull purplish gloss$ in one (No. 1565) they are brilliant metallic
purplish-blue margined with bluish-green; while in the remaining two (Nos. 1527,
3290) they are intermediate in colour, being black tipped with greenish-blue. In the
bird with the brilliant under tail-coverts the metallic purplish-blue bands across most
of the feathers of the maroon-red breast-band are more strongly developed, and many
of the feathers on the breast are tipped with purplish-blue. ‘This is apparently an old
male in the fullest plumage. One specimen (No. 1527) has the breast-band much
brighter, some of the feathers being dull vermilion, and has the wing-measurement
2:2 inches and that of the tail 1-4. In the remaining five specimens the wing varies
from 2°25 to 2-4 and the tail from 1°65 to 1°75, the difference in the length of the
latter being considerable.
In Mr. Jackson’s collection I find two specimens from Mount Mauneu and the
River Voi, both in the Teita district. One of these, from the Voi River, neariy
resembles specimen No. 1527 from §.E. Ruwenzori in possessing a brighter breast-band
and in having the measurements of the wing and tail equally small, 2:1 and 1-4 inches
respectively ; the second bird, from Mount Maungu, has the maroon breast-band
washed with purple, the under tail-coverts black tipped with greenish-blue, the wing-
measurement 2°25 and that of the tail 1-6.
It must be added that the bird from the Voi River, killed in December, is in very
328 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
worn plumage, while that from Mount Maungu, killed in April, is freshly moulted ;
but this difference could scarcely account for the difference in length of the tail, and
it must be further noted that the short-tailed bird from S.K. Ruwenzori (No. 1527),
killed in May, was procured with three long-tailed specimens shot in the same locality
and during the same month. ‘The matter requires further investigation.
[The Least Bifasciated Sun-bird was obtained only on the plains on the S.E. of
Ruwenzori, where it was not uncommon.—R. B. W.]
CINNYRIS BOUVIER! Shelley.
Cinnyris bouviert Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 57 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 483 (1905).
a. d. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 28th Feb. [No. 3185. &. B. W.|
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
This bird closely resembles the type-specimen of C. bowviert from Landana, but is
somewhat Jarger as regards the measurements of the wing and tail; while the bill is
a trifle shorter, and very much shorter than in the type-specimen of C. tanganyice
Grant, which I recently described from the western shores of Lake Tanganyika
(cf. ‘Ibis, 1908, p. 283).
Culmen. Wing. Tail.
in. in. in.
Type of Cinnyris bouviert. . . . . . OF 21 14
Male from Eastern Ruwenzori. . . . 08 2°3 155
MANS OF Ch COMGOICE 5 Go f 6 6) We 2°25 1-55
The Ruwenzori bird appears to have rather less blue on the forehead; but the
pecimen is in worn plumage with much of the green metallic plumage of the upper-
parts and throat weathered to a pinkish-bronze colour.
The type of C. tanganyice is further distinguished from the other specimens men-
tioned above by its differently coloured orange-and-yellow (not scarlet-and-yellow)
pectoral tufts.
The discovery of this West-African species on Ruwenzori greatly extends its known
range.
[A few examples of Bouvier’s Sun-bird were seen between Entebbe and Ruwenzori
and at the foot of the mountains on the east side to the north of the Mubuku Valley ;
but they were not found among the acacia-country around the south end, where
C. microrhynchus, a very similar species, was so plentiful—R. B. W.]}
CINNYRIS CHLOROPYGIUS (Jardine).
Cinnyris chloropygius Shelley, B. Afr. 11. p. 83 (1900) [part.].
Cinnyris chloropygius liihderi, p. 486, and C. c. orphogaster, p. 487, Reich. Vég. Afr. iii.
(1905).
Cinnyris preussi Sharpe (nec Reich.), Ibis, 1908, p. 338 [Camaroon].
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 329
a. 3. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 1013. D. @]
d.
b-g. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th—23rd July. [Nos. 1730, 1740,
1746, 1748, 1750. D. C.; 3506. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown or black; bill and feet black.
Dr. Reichenow recognizes three subspecies of this bird, viz. :
1. Cinnyris chloropygius (Jard.), ranging from Senegambia to the Niger.
2. C. e. liihdert Reichenow, ranging from Cameroon to Loango.
3. C. ¢. orphogaster Reichenow, ranging from the Upper Nile, above Lado, south-
wards to the Lakes.
With all the available material arranged geographically it is easy to recognize two
forms, viz. that found in Sierra Leone, with its conspicuously olive underparts, and
that inhabiting the Gold Coast, Niger, Cameroon, Fernando Po, and Gaboon, ranging
southwards to Loango, and eastwards along the Congo to the Aruwimi and Welle
Rivers, Tingasi, Semliki Valley, and Entebbe. I find it impossible to separate the
west coast birds (C. ¢. liihderi Reich.) from the specimens procured in the neigh-
bourhood of the Lakes (C. ¢. orphogaster Reich.) ; for though some individuals from
Fantee, Cameroon, &c. have the breast and belly of a more olive and less brownish
tint, the bulk of the specimens are indistinguishable from one another.
The point which I wish to emphasize is that the type of C. chloropygius (Jard.) from
the Niger River belongs to the darker-breasted form and not to the olive-breasted bird
from Sierra Leone, as has been supposed by Dr. Reichenow and Dr. Hartert. The
Sierra Leone bird is therefore, so far as I can discover, without a name, and I propose
to call it
Cinnyris kempit, sp. n.
Cinnyris chloropygius Reich. (nec Jard.) Vég. Afr. iii. p. 486 (1905).
Adult male. Differs from C. chloropygius (Jard.) in being rather smaller, wing 18
to 1-9 inch, and in having the lower breast and belly, as well as the flanks and under
tail-coverts, conspicuously olive.
There is a female example of C. chloropygius (No. 1748), procured by Mr. Carruthers
in company with the adult male (No. 1746), which has the yellow chest and breast
obscurely streaked with dusky, and in this respect differs from most of the female
specimens in the British Museum which have been referred to C. chloropygius.
[A single specimen of the Little Scarlet-collared Sun-bird was obtained near
Entebbe. It was not met with again until we reached Fort Beni in the Semliki
Valley, where it was numerous. It was also seen in some of the clearings in the
Eturi Forest between Fort Beni and Irumu.—R, B. W.]
VOL. XIX.—ParT Iv. No. 44.—Mareh, 1910. ZY
330) ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
CINNYRIS STUHLMANNI Reichenow.
Cinnyris stuhlmanni Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 80 (1900) ; Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 488 (1905).
a-d. 6 2 et 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000-11,000 ft., 27th—
d.
31st Jan. [Nos. 1203, 1204. D.C.; 3128, 3140. &. B. W.]
e-h. 6 et ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000-11,000 ft., 2nd—20th Feb.
d. d.
[Nos. 162, 1624. R. H. D.; 1213. D. C.; 3164. R. B. W.]
i. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 11,000 ft., 5th April. [No. 3267. &. B. W.|
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
This remarkably interesting species was known only from male specimens procured
by Stuhlmann. ‘The exact locality where they were obtained was not indicated by
the collector ; but, from the information now at our disposal, it is practically certain
that they were procured high up in the Butagu Valley on Western Ruwenzori.
Adult male. Perfectly similar in plumage to the male of C. reichenowt, but much
larger. Culmen 1:1—1-15 inch; wing DOO Ota 2o=oeoos
Adult female. Similar to the female C. reichenow?, but much larger. Culmen 1-0—
1-1; wing 2°35-2°45; tail 17-19.
Specimen 1624, killed on the 20th of February, is an immature male in partially
adult plumage.
[Stuhlmann’s Double-collared Sun-bird, which is known only from Ruwenzori,
inhabits a belt little more than a thousand feet in width, and extending from about
10,000 ft. up to 11,200 ft.—that is, from the upper edge of the bamboo-zone to the
lower half of the tree-heath. It is by no means a common bird; but is perhaps most
plentiful at 10,000 ft., just where the tree-heaths and bamboos intermingle, and it is
absolutely confined to that belt. The male has a short bright song, and, when in full
plumage, is a very handsome bird. When courting, it gives quite a miniature display
before the female, hopping around her with its wings drooping and quivering, and with
the two beautiful yellow pectoral plumes raised and spread like fans at right angles to
the body. It is a curious fact that, except for its larger size, this Sun-bird exactly
resembles in every detail C. reichenowi?, a species which is found 3000 ft. lower down
the mountains, and which also inhabits the surrounding plains. Possibly this increase
in size is the result of the cooler climate at higher altitudes—R. B. W.]
CINNYRIS REICHENOWI Sharpe.
Cinnyris reichenowi Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 82 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 490 (1905) ;
Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 556 [Ruwenzori].
a, ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [No. 3056. R. Bb. W.]
b=3,°8 Qe ss i 6000-7000 ft., 2nd-l7th Jan. [Nos. 71.
a. a.
RE. D. > MO9429D) CS; 2090) Gas 00200. B. WV7,\)
W. R. OGILVIN-GRANT— AVES. 331
fig. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 11th & 25th Feb.
[Noss Ike), 265 Ja, JD, 8 We, ID, Cr
ht. 6 2 et dg imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 7th-26th March.
[ Nos. 190. Liz, JB, 1D. 8 1302, GILG, USA UBGZ, YD, Gh 2186, 2200. G. L.; 3208, 3249,
3958, 3955, 3262. R. B. WJ
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
This species is very closely allied to the form inhabiting Cameroon and Fernando Po,
which has been named C. prewssi Reichenow, and may perhaps be distinguished from
C. reichenowt by having the outer webs of the wing-coverts and quills edged with
brighter olive. There is no difference in the length of the wing-measurement, which,
in a large series of specimens from Ruwenzori, Kisumu, and Nandi, varies from 55 to
57 mm.
I have little doubt that C. preussi should be added to the synonymy of the present
species; but I have only been able to examine three male examples of the Western
form.
The female of this species does not appear to have been described; but it agrees
with the description of the female of C. preusst given by Dr. Reichenow, except that
the throat and crop are said to be grey, whereas in the present species they are olive
like the rest of the underparts.
[Reichenow’s Double-collared Sun-bird was met with between Entebbe and
Ruwenzori. It was plentiful on the east side of the range up to an elevation of
7000 ft., and was occasionally seen as high as 8000 ft.—2&. B. W.]
CINNYRIS REGIUS Reichenow.
Cinnyris regius Shelley, B. Afr. il. p. 86 (1900) ; Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 491 (1905) ; Jackson,
Ibis, 1906, p. 557 [Ruwenzori].
a-l. 6 2 et 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzoeri, 6000-9000 ft., 9th-26th Jan.
d. d. a. d.
(Nos: 105; 13.8 H. Dr; VN29 AZ oo; 1160, WGI, W625 1186. Des 2.082%
a.
Gi, Jie BOQ, 18, 15. WA]
m-0. d. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft., 2nd-10th Feb. [Nos.
d. d.
WAU, JD, Co3 CE, Ce dbase), Jé, JB, |
p-a. $6 Qetsimm. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 4th-23rd March.
d. d. d. d,
Nos. 1288, 1289, 1292, 1329, 1360, 1361, 1373. D. C_; 2184. G. £.; 3198, 3221,
d. d.
3222, 3254. R. B. W.|
id. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-1000 ft., 2nd & 6th ae
[Nos. 2264, 2278. G. L.; 3268. RB. B. W.]
De
332 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
é. 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [No. 1765. D. C.]
Adult nale and female. Iris dark brown or dark hazel; bill and feet black.
As neither Captain Shelley nor Dr. Reichenow gives a description of the female of
this fine Sun-bird, I take this opportunity of doing so.
Adult femaie. General colour above greyish-olive, the feathers of the crown with
dusky middles; superciliary stripes, cheeks, and underparts pale olive, washed with
yellow on the middle of the abdomen; wings greyish-black, both the quills and
coverts margined on the outer web with tawny olive; under wing-coverts white
tinged with yellow ; axillaries and edge of shoulder pale yellow ; tail-feathers black.
Wing 1:9-1:95 inch ; tail 1-4.
The large series of thirty specimens includes three immature males moulting into
the adult plumage; two of these were procured on the llth and 15th of January
respectively, and a third was killed on the 12th of March.
[The Red-breasted Wedge-tailed Sun-bird is found on Ruwenzori from an elevation
of 6000 to 10,000 ft.; but it is most numerous in the forest-zone between 7000 and
8500 ft. The male sings a short sparkling song, which one is often surprised to hear
in the darkness of the forest and in the mist at 10,000 ft.
At present this species is known only from Ruwenzori; but, although no specimen
was obtained, Mr. Carruthers assures me that he saw and heard it among the bamboo-
forests at 8000 ft. on the Mufumbiro Volcanoes, which lie to the south of Lake Edward.
There, it may be noted, he obtained a specimen of Yarsiger ruwenzori, a species
previously known only from Ruwenzori.—f. B. W.|
Family Dic #1D &.
PHOLIDORNIS DENTI Grant. (Plate XIII. fig. 1, ¢.)
Pholidornis denti Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 41 (1907).
a,b. 6 2. Avakubi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 31st Oct. [Nos.578,579. RE. D.
Types of the species. |
This fine new species is most nearly allied to P.rushiev(Cass.), but is easily distinguished
by having the lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts, as well as the lower breast,
belly, and under tail-coverts, of a much brighter yellow; and the feathers of the
mantle, wing-coverts, and scapulars with conspicuous pale sandy margins. As in
P. bedfordi Grant, the outer margins of the quills are uniform black and not edged
with olive, as in P. rushiw. Iris crimson in the male, grey in the female; upper
mandible black, lower mandible yellow with the tip black ; feet yellow.
Male. Total length ca. 3:1 inches; wing 1:9; tail 0°95; tarsus 0°51.
Female. A BHOPA I Ne ein bi 4) 1 BO Re Saseata eal KX) 3 Ooze
The male is marked by Mr. Dent as ‘“ breeding.”
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 333
[A pair of this beautiful little Flower-pecker were shot in the Congo Forest near
Mawambi by Mr. R. E. Dent. They frequent the tops of the tall trees, and, though
probably not uncommon, are very difficult to get—R. B. W.]
Family ZoSTERO PID &.
ZOSTEROPS JACKSONI Neumann.
Zosterops jacksoni Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 184 (1900) ; Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 430 (1905).
Zosterops scotti Neumann, Reich. t. c. p. 431; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 554 [Ruwenzori].
a. &. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [No. 3057. R. B. W.)
d.
b-g. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 1st-26th Jan. [Nos. 69,
ak d. d.
flo ILI, USA, Je, D.; 1102, 1111, 1172. D. C.; 2045, 2052, 2081, 2087. G. L.;
3077, 3078, 3096, 3120. lis, Joe. Wa)
ru. 3. ua Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 10th-16th March. [Nos. 1357,
1358. D. C.; 2185. Gio Jing BIO, Jk, J8, VW)
v. 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., lst Aug. [No. 3531. R. B. W.]
w. 6. Mpanga Forest, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [No. 3568. &. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet blackish, brown, or
greenish-grey.
After a careful examination of a very large series of Zosterops from Ruwenzori, Toro,
Uganda, and Kavirondo, I agree with Capt. Shelley that Z. scotte Neumann, from
Ruwenzori, cannot be separated from Z. jacksonti Neumann, from Mau, Nandi,
Elgon, &c.
An unusually small and brightly-coloured male was procured in the Mpanga
Forest. In this specimen the wing measures 2°25 inches and the tail 1:55; whereas
in most of the males from Ruwenzori the wing measures 2°4—2°5 inches and the
tail 1:8; one bird, however, from the latter locality closely approaches the bird from
the Mpanga Forest in size, having the wing 2°3 inches and the tail 1°6.
[Jackson’s White-eye was found on Ruwenzori at elevations of from 5000 to 10,000 ft.
It was very plentiful in the forest-zone, and perhaps the most numerous bird in the
mountains. It was also plentiful in the Mpanga Forest, but was not seen in the
Congo Forest.—&. B. W.]
334 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family PARID &.
Parvs FunEREUS J. & KE. Verreaux.
Parus funereus Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 227 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 510 (1905).
Parus nigricinereus Jackson, Ibis, 1899, p. 638, pl. xiii. [ Nandi].
a. ¢imm. 40 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 13th Aug.
{No. 1780. D. C.]
b. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th Sept. [No. 531. R. E. D.]
Adult male. Iris crimson; bill and feet black.
Immature male. Iris reddish-brown ; bill black ; feet dark grey.
The adult male agrees perfectly with the type-specimen of P. funereus from
Gaboon. ‘The immature specimen from Fort Beni is in the stage of plumage described
by Mr. Jackson as P. nigricinereus.
[A few examples of the Dusky Black Titmouse were seen in the Eturi Forest and
also in the Mpanga Forest, to the east of Ruwenzori. They were always observed
high up in the tree-tops.—-R. B. W.|
Parus insignis Cabanis.
Parus insignis Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 231 (1900); Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 206 [Mulema, S. Uganda].
Parus niger insignis Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 512 (1905).
Pentheres leucomelas Jackson (nec Riipp.), Ibis, 1906, p. 554 [Toro].
a-d. 5 2 et 5 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—22nd May. [ Nos. 268.
a.
fh. BE. D.; 3393, 3394, 3395. R. B. W.]
e-g. 3 2. Mokia,$.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd—21st June. [No. 1661. D. C.; 3447,
d.
3448. Rk. B. W.]
h. g imm. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th July. [No. 1722. D. C.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
The series includes both old and young birds. The latter have the plumage of the
upperparts black, almost devoid of gloss, and the underparts brownish-black ; whereas
in the adult both the upper- and underparts are black, strongly glossed with greenish.
As already pointed out in my paper on the Doggett Collection from S. Uganda, the
range of the present species extends much further north than had been supposed by
Captain Shelley or Dr. Reichenow.
A male bird from Toro (No. 995) has been referred by Mr. Jackson to P. leucomelas
Riipp., but is really referable to the present species.
There are a number of examples of the true P. leucomelas in Mr. Jackson’s collection
from Entebbe, Elgon, &c. The species is easily distinguished from P. insignis by
having the feathers of both the upper- and underparts black glossed with purplish-
blue, instead of dull oily green.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 339
[Cabanis’s Black Titmouse was met with throughout the acacia-country on the
plains around the south end of Ruwenzori. It was, comparatively speaking, a rare
species on the east side of the range, but on the west, in the Semliki Valley, it was
one of the commonest birds.—&. b. VW. |
PARUS FASCLIVENTER Reichenow.
Parus fasciiventer Reich. Orn. Monatsb. i. p. 31(1893) ; id. Vog. Afr. iil. p. 515 (1905).
Parus fascitventris Shelley, B. Afr. ii. p. 237 (1900).
Pentheres fasctiventer Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 553 [Ruwenzori].
a-e. 6 Qet ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, Eastern Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 6th—23rd
d.
Jan. [Nos. 84. R. H. D.; 1107, 1145, 1146, 1182. D. C]
fre. & 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-10,000 ft., 1st-25th Feb. [Nos. 270.
d.
D. C.; 2142, 2167, 2168. G. L.; 3143. &. B. W.]
i-p. 6 9 et ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8500 ft., 8th—25th March.
d. d.
[Nos. 197, 198, 214. #. H. D.; 1412. D. C.; 2246. G. Jb.)
Adult male and female. Iris brown or dark brown; bill black; feet blue-grey or
slate-grey (in one example, olive-green).
A fine series of this Titmouse was collected on Ruwenzori. The species is apparently
peculiar to the range. On the 13th of January Mr. Carruthers procured a male
(No. 1146), which he has marked “ breeding.”
A quite young bird (No. 198) differs from the adult in having the feathers of the
occiput and nape brownish edged with black (instead of uniform black) ; the chin and
middle of the throat black; the cheeks, sides of the head and throat, as well as the
chest, greyish-brown (in the adult all these parts are black). The rest of the under-
parts whitish-buff, inclining to tawny on the flanks (instead of white) ; the black stripe
down the middle of the breast indicated by a few blackish feathers ; the hght margins
of the quills and wing-coverts yellowish-white (instead of pure white). The outer pair
of tail-feathers are much shorter than the middle pair; whereas in the adult they are
of nearly the same length.
[The Grey-backed White-breasted Tit was found on Ruwenzori from the forest-line at
about 6500 feet up to an elevation of 11,000 feet, where it frequented the tree-heaths.
It was, however, but rarely seen as high as this, and only when it had ascended the
valleys. It is really a bird of the forest-zone, where it is not uncommon.—R. B. W.|
ANTHOSCOPUs RoccATIT Salvad. (Plate XIII. fig. 2, 3.)
Anthoscopus roccatii Salvad. Boll. Mus. Tor. xxi. no. 542, p. 2 (1906) [Entebbe].
a-d. 6%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th-23rd May. [Nos. 1610. D. C.;
d.
3346, 3347, 3348. R. B. W]
336 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
e, f. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 feet, 8th July. [Nos. 479. BR. E. D.; 1726.
D.C.
Adult male and female. Iris dark hazel or dark brown; bill dusky, bluish-grey, or
black; feet grey, dark grey, or dark blue.
The above-mentioned series collected at Mokia is apparently similar to specimens
from Entebbe which have been described by Count Salvadori under the name A. roccatit.
This is quite a distinct species, but perhaps most nearly allied to A. punctifrons
(Sundev.) from North-east Africa and to A. capensis (Gmel.) from S. Africa.
It has the colour of the upperparts of a dark olive-green; in A. punctifrons they
are yellowish-olive and in A. capensis brownish-olive: the underparts are pale
yellowish-white, intermediate in colour between the almost white-breasted A. puncti-
frons and the yellow-breasted A. capensis. From both these species it may be easily
distinguished by having the fore part of the forehead yellow, with no trace of black
tips to the feathers, and though some of these are more or less indistinctly tipped with
greyish, the forehead has a uniform yellow appearance.
[A very few examples of Roccati’s Penduline Titmouse were seen among the acacia-
trees on the plains around the south end of Ruwenzori.—f. B. W. |
Family LANIID &.
NILAUS CAMERUNENSIS Neumann.
- Nilaus nigritemporalis Jackson (nec Reich.), Ibis, 1906, p. 552 [Toro].
Nilaus afer camerunensis Neum. J. f. O. 1907, p. 364.
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 29th April. [No. 255. RB. E. D.}
a.
b-d. ¢ 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8th-29th May. [Nos. 381, 382. R. #.D.;
2350. G. L.]
e-i. 6 2 et gd imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-26th June. [Nos. 1660,
1677, 1691. D. C.; 8437, 3438. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown (in one specimen olive-brown) ; bill black,
grey at the base of the lower mandible; feet bluish, bluish-black, or dark grey.
I have referred the above-mentioned specimens with some doubt to JV. camerunensis,.
Neum., which was founded on a single female specimen from South Cameroon. The
females from Ruwenzori agree fairly well with the description of that bird, and there
is no reason geographically why they should not belong to the same species; but before
this point can be definitely settled it will be necessary to compare adult male specimens
from the two localities. ‘The males from S.E. Ruwenzori, on the whole, most nearly
resemble WV. nuinor Sharpe, and, as in that species, the markings on the sides form a
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 307
confluent longitudinal band, not streaks as in WV. afer, though they are of the same
deep chestnut-colour; in WV. minor they are light reddish-chestnut. It is, of course,
quite possible that the birds from S.E. Ruwenzori may prove to be a distinct form,
but until males from Cameroon are available for comparison this question cannot be
settled. Birds of this genus appear to be rare and local, and are comparatively seldom
procured. Hitherto Mr. Bates has not sent home a single specimen from West Africa.
The wing-measurement in four adult males from §.E. Ruwenzori varies from 3:15 to
3°25 inches; in two adult females it measures 3°15 and 3°35 inches respectively.
Three young birds (a male and two females) differ from the adult female in having the
greater wing-coverts tipped with pale whitish-buff and the throat slightly streaked
with blackish. In the youngest specimen (a male) the under tail-coverts are buff with
a few black cross-bars, while the white feathers down the middle of the back have a
black subterminal bar.
Two quite young specimens from Toro have been regarded by Mr. Jackson as adult
specimens of N. nigritemporalis Reich., but they are really referable to the present
form, which belongs to the group with the white eyebrow-stripe.
[This Bush-Shrike is not uncommon throughout the acacia-country around the south
end of Ruwenzori and in the Semliki Valley.— 2. B. W.]
TELEPHONUS EMINI Reichenow.
Pomatorhynchus australis emini Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 547 (1903).
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 29th Dec. [No. 3060. &. B. W.]
b-d. 2. i Fs 8 dth-20th Jan. [Nos. 1114. D. C.;
2059, 2100. G. be]
e. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 27th March. [No. 2252. G. L,.]
fe She a pb * 4th April. [No. 2270. @. Z.]
g,h. $. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 14th & 31st May. [Nos. 324, 400. R.E. D.|
Adult male and female. Iris hazel, dark brown, purple-brown, or slate; bill black ;
feet slate-colour.
[Emin’s Bush-Shrike was not uncommon along the lower slopes of Ruwenzoriand on
the plains below: a few were seen up to an elevation of 6000 feet. The species was
breeding at the end of December.—R. B. W. |
TELEPHONUS ERYTHROPTERUS Shaw. (Plate XIX. figs. 21 & 23, eggs.)
Pomatorhynchus senegalus Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p.547 (1903); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 552 [Toro].
é. South Ruwenzori, 3000 ft., 24th April. [No. 232. R. EZ. D.|
VoL. X1X.-—ParT Iv. No. 49.—March, 1910. 24
338 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
d-g. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 27th April. [Nos. 238, 241.
d.
RE. Di; 2288. G. L.> 328. RB. Wei
h-l. ¢ 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft.,2nd-9th May. [Nos. 273, 281. &. HE. D.;
a.
WAS: Cs; 123545 G03 a
m-o. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., drd-16th June. [Nos. 429. R. HL. D.;
2405. G. L.; 3445. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris bluish-grey, purple-grey, dark grey, or dark brown;
bill black ; feet slate-colour or bluish.
Prof. Neumann (cf. J. f. O. 1907, pp. 371-378) has written an elaborate account of
T. senegalus and its allies, and he recognizes 13 subspecies, of which no less than 5 are
described asnew. Ihave examined the extensive material in the British Museum and
compared the specimens with his paper, but am unable to agree with his conclusions.
The birds procured by the Ruwenzori Expedition appear to be indistinguishable from
specimens from the Transvaal &c. (7. s. erythropterus apud Neumann) and from
Cameroon and Gaboon (7. s. camerunensis). Like them they have the posterior half
of the eyebrow-stripe rufous-buff, whereas in the true 7. senegalus it is white.
Three eggs are of a slightly pointed oval form and somewhat glossy. They are
white with irregular dashes, dots, streaks, and blotches of dull maroon-red and purplish-
erey, the markings being more or less concentrated into a zone round the larger end.
They measure respectively -95 x °7; -91-69; -9X°69 in.
[This Bush-Shrike was very numerous throughout the acacia-country around the
south end of Ruwenzori and in the Semliki Valley. It was found breeding in May
and June. The nest, which was placed in a low acacia-bush about three feet from the
ground, was composed of small sticks and roots, and lined with fine roots. It contained
three eggs.— Rt. B. W.]
TTELEPHONUS MINUTUS Hartlaub.
Pomatorhynchus minutus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 552 (1903).
Antichromus minutus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 553 [Toro].
Telephonus minutus minutus Neumann, J. f. O. 1907, p. 368.
a. 2. 150 miles W. of Entebbe, 5000 ft., 12th Dec. [No. 1058. D. C.]
b. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 21st March. [No. 2227. G. L.]
c. 6. South Ruwenzori, 3000 ft., 19th June. [No. 2409. G. L.]
Adult male and female. Iris mauve or light claret-colour ; bill black; feet bluish-
erey or olive-grey.
[A few examples only of the Lesser Bush-Shrike were seen on the eastern slopes of
Ruwenzori, and again on the plains near Lake Edward. It was not a common bird.
—R.B.W)
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 339
NIcAToR CHLORIS (Less.).
Nicator chloris Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 554 (1908) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 552 [Toro]; Grant,
Ibis, 1908, p. 292 [ Ponthierville, Upper Congo].
a-c. ¢ et gimm. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th-22nd July. [No. 487.
FEES 29 Oe Cs V3 009 ke. Bo W.
d. 2. 50 miles N. of Fort Beni, 3500 ft., 15th Aug. [No. 1784. D. C.]
é. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 15th Sept. [No. 517. R&. E. D.]
Adult male and female. Iris hazel or dark brown; bill black ; feet slate-grey, grey,
or dark grey.
The male is very much larger than the female.
Male. Wing 4:2-4:25 inches.
Female. Wing 3°55 inches.
The male (No. 487) is marked by Mr. Dent “ breeding.”
[The Spot-winged Bush-Shrike was plentiful throughout the Eturi Forest, and a
few were seen in the Mpanga Forest, east of Ruwenzori. It frequented both the
undergrowth and the tree-tops. The only sound I ever identified as belonging to this
bird was a loud, harsh, chattering note.—R. B. W.]
LANIARIUS SIMILIS (Smith).
Chlorophoneus sulfureopectus chrysogaster Reich. Vég. Afr. 1. p. 562 (1908).
Laniarius sulphureipectus Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 203 [S. Uganda].
Chlorophoneus chrysogaster Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 550 [Toro ; Ankoli].
Laniarius similis Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 589 [Baro River].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 28th Feb. [No. 3182. R. B. W.]
b-d. 6 2 etimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th-28th April. -[Nos. 236.
Jie J8ts ID, 8 MAUNG, IO), Ong AN, (Gr, Jui. a.
e-l. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-19th May. [Nos. 1471, 1490, 1491,
d. d.
1501. D. C.; 2357. G. L.; 3303, 3385. RB. B. W.)
m,n. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst& 17th June. [Nos. 405. &. FE. D.;
a.
2408. G. L.]
Notes on this species will be found in my paper on the collection of birds from the
Sobat and Baro Rivers, quoted above.
[The Yellow-fronted Bush-Shrike was not uncommon in the acacia-country around the
south end of Ruwenzori and on the lower slopes of the mountains up to 6800 ft.—
R.B.W.]
340 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
LANIARIUS ERYTHROGASTER (Cretzschm.). (Plate XIX. fig. 22, egg.)
Laniarius erythrogaster Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 586 (1903); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 551 [Toro];
Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 589 [White Nile, Sobat, and Baro Rivers].
a-c. 6 2. 70-80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500-3600 ft., Ist Dec. [Nos. 1021, 1022.
1D, ORS SUMS es 155 WZ)
d,e. 6 %. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [Nos. 250. &. # D.;
2286. G. L.]
fv. 6 @ et dimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-29th May. [Nos. 290,
d. a. d. d. d. d.
Oy Bi BvEe SOE BO, BOG; BWA, Suey Oils IR, J, 1,2 IIA I), lassi, JD Cbs
0356. @. L.; 3844, 3361. R. B. W]
w-y. 6%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—5th June. [Nos. 415, 419, 431.
Ip Lie ID)
Tris cream-colour; bill and feet black.
Several immature birds in the present collection differ from the adult in having
the breast-feathers fringed with buff, and a few small feathers at the base of the upper
mandible yellow.
Two eggs of this species were procured by Mr. R. B. Woosnam at Mokia on the
11th of May, 1906. They are of a rather pointed form and somewhat glossy. ‘The
eround-colour is pale blue, spotted and blotched with umber-brown and lilac-grey, the
markings being most numerous round the larger end, where they form a distinct zone.
Both measure °9 x °7 inch.
(Whe Scarlet-bellied Bush-Shrike was met with near Entebbe and throughout the
journey to Ruwenzori. The species was very numerous in the acacia-country at the
south end of the range and in the Semliki Valley. Its musical note was one of the
most familiar sounds at the south end, but it was never seen on the mountains.—
R.B.Wi
LANIARIUS LAGDENI Sharpe.
Laniarius lagdeni Sharpe, P. Z. 8. 1884, p. 54, pl.v. [Ashanti]; Grant, P. Z. S. 1908, pp. 287,
289 [Ruwenzori and Mufumbiro Volcanoes].
Malaconotus lagdeni Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 600 (1903).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 29th March. [No. 2259. G. L.]
Iris light grey ; bill black ; feet slate-blue.
The type-specimen of this extremely rare species was procured by Sir Godfrey Lagden
in Ashanti in 1883, and, so far as I am aware, has remained unique till it was again
met with by the Ruwenzori Expedition in 1906.
Its occurrence in the highlands of Ruwenzori is very remarkable and of the greatest
interest. The present specimen, an adult female, differs from the type only in having
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 341
the throat of a less brilliant orange-yellow and in being shightly smaller. The type is
no doubt a male.
The measurements are as follows :—
Type [ts]. AshantiimWing 4:6; tail 4:15 inches.
@. H. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft.—Wing 4:4; tail 4:3 inches.
Several additional specimens have more recently been procured by Herr R. Grauer
on the higher slopes of the Mufumbiro Volcanoes, which lie to the west of Lake Kivu.
[A single female specimen of this beautiful Bush-Shrike was obtained by Mr. Gerald
Legge in the Mubuku Valley at an altitude of 9000 feet. It was seen among the tops
of some tall trees in company with another bird, probably the male, which unfortunately
escaped. These examples were the only ones seen. ‘The ovaries of this female were
slightly enlarged.— FR. B. W.]
LANIARIUS MAJOR (Hartl.).
Laniarius major Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 580 (1903) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 290 [N.W. of Lake
Tanganyika].
a. 3. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., Ist Dec. [No. 1022. D. C.]
6. d. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th Dec. [No. 30. R. HE. D.]
c,d. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 and 6500 ft., 16th & 21st Jan.
[Nos. 2103. G. Z.; 3112. R. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris reddish-brown or dark hazel; bill black; feet slate-
grey or black.
[The Greater Bush-Shrike was met with here and there between Entebbe and
Ruwenzori, and on the mountains it was occasionally met with up to an elevation of
6500 feet.—R. B. W.]
LaNIARIUS LUHDERI (Reichenow).
Laniarius liihderi Reich. Vog. Afr. il. p. 584 (1908).
Dryoscopus coronatus Sharpe, P. Z. 8. 1874, p. 205, pl. xxxiii. fig. 2 [Gaboon].
Laniarius castaneiceps Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, pp. 445, 598 [Mt. Elgon].
a-c. ¢ 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th-24th Sept. [Nos. 537,
SO. Ite J, IDS NO, te, JB. Via)
Adult male. Iris dark brown; bill black; feet blue-grey.
Adult female. Iris crimson ; bill and feet black.
In the figure of this species given in the ‘ Proceedings of the Zoological Society,’ the
crown is incorrectly coloured, and should be of a dark chestnut, quite different from
the breast. In the male (No. 3609) the light tips of the median wing-coverts are
mostly pale yellow; one of the females (No. 537) shows traces of yellow, but in the
second female (No. 557), which is marked “ breeding,” the tips of the median wing-
coverts are pure white, as is the case in all other specimens in the British Museum.
342 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Dr. Sharpe has described an immature female (the type of LZ. castaneiceps) as having
the “median wing-coverts dusky, tipped with white, slightly tinged with yellow, and
forming a band”; so probably the yellow tips to these feathers in the male in the
present collection indicate traces of immaturity.
[A few examples of Liithder’s Bush-Shrike were seen in the Mpanga Forest, east of
Ruwenzori.—f. B. W.]
DryoscoPus MALzaciI Heugl.
Dryoscopus cinerascens Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 596 (1903) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 552
(Toro; Ruwenzori].
Dryoscopus malzacii Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 588 [Baro River].
a. g. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1050. D. C.}
6. 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 22nd Jan. No. 2108. G. Z.]
ey i . 6000 ft., Ist Feb. [No. 2131. G. L.]
dia eet Ne i 7000 ft., 14th March. [Nos. 3213, 3214.
R. B.W)
jf; 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 3rd April. [No. 2265. G. L.]
g-p. 6 8 et ¢ imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-21st May. [Nos. 323.
T&, da ID 1539, U5 yks Ds Goe 9331, 2378, 2379. G. L.; 3302, 3311, 3312. Rk. B. W.]
g, 7. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th & 27th June. [Nos. 1698. D. C.;
3495. Rk. BLW.]
s. ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd July. [No. 472. R. EL. D.]
t. 2. Lower Semliki Valley, 2500 ft., 11th Oct. [No. 563. &. #. D.]
[A few examples of this Bush-Shrike were seen at the north and south ends of
Ruwenzori among the acacia-trees. On the mountains it was seen in the Luimi and
Mubuku Valleys as high as 6500 ft., but it was always rather a rare bird. It has a
very curious note, quite unlike that of any other Shrike—A&. B. W.|
DryoscoPus NANDENSIS Sharpe.
Dryoscopus nandensis Sharpe, Tbis, 1901, p. 41, pl. i. fig. 1 [Nandi].
Dryoscopus angolensis nandensis Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 590 (1908).
a. 6. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 3627. Rk. B. W.]
Tris dark brown; bill black; feet dull flesh-colour.
The type of this species from Nandiis a somewhat immature bird, as may be seen by
the buff margins to some of the secondary-quills and the buff feathers among the
axillary plumes, as well as the pale horn-coloured tip and edges of the lower mandible.
In the adult the inner margins of the quills and the axillary plumes are greyish-
white and the lower mandible is entirely black.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 345
Mr. Woosnam states that this Puff-back Shrike was shot among the tree-tops and
that the specimen procured was the only one met with during the journey.
DRyYoscopus AFFINIS (G. R. Gray).
Dryoscopus affinis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 590 (1903); Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 290 [ Ponthierville,
Upper Congo].
a. 9. Mawambi, KE. Congo Forest, 3009 ft., 27th Oct. [No. 3644. &. B. W.]
Tris orange ; bill black ; feet grey.
This specimen, with its white lower back and pale grey rump, is a typical example
of D. affinis, which, according to Reichenow, is the Hast African representative form.
As already remarked in my paper referred to above, it is very doubtful whether the
West African examples, which have been separated under the name of D. senegalensis
(Hartl.), are really distinct from D. affinis.
[A single example of this Puff-back Shrike was obtained in the Congo Forest near
Mawambi, but its note was frequently heard high up in the trees.—2. B. W.]
DRYOSCOPUS HOLOMELAS Jackson.
Dryoscopus holomelas Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 90 (1906); id. Ibis, 1906, p. 551
[ Ruwenzori].
al. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 9th-27th Jan. [Nos. 78,
a. a. d. a.
119. #. £. D.; 1123, 1124, 1137, 1164. D. C.; 2075, 2106, 2115, 2124. G. D.; 3088.
&. B. W.]
m. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 24th Feb. [No. 3177. &. B. W.]
Net oo. = ss 6000-8000 ft., 5th-24th March. [ Nos. 189.
R. B. D.; 2239, 2240. @. L.; 3207, 3247. B. B. W.]
s. ¢. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., lst Aug. [No. 3526. &. B. W.]
Tris dark brown or reddish-brown; bill and feet black.
This small-billed species is quite distinct from D. leucorhynchus (Hartl.), and has the
black plumage of a rather duller and greyer shade, while in the latter it is purplish-
black.
All the specimens procured by the Expedition appear to be fully adult birds with
black bills.
[This Black Bush-Shrike was found on Ruwenzori at elevations of from 6000 to
9000 ft. It isreally a bird of the forest-zone, but it is occasionally met with lower
down as wellas in the bamboo-zone above. It has the most marvellously versatile range
of notes it is possible to imagine. From the depths of some tangled mass of creepers
one might hear, first a low harsh scraping or chattering sound, followed by some
of the most beautiful flute-hke notes. After a moment or two of silence an
344 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
extraordinary clicking sound would commence (such a sound as is made by quickly
bending and letting fly the tip of a strong quill tooth-pick), followed by a succession
of quick high-pitched piping notes. A search for the performer usually resulted
in finding nothing, so cunning were these birds in sneaking away through the
undergrowth without being seen, and it was some time before we discovered the
author of these strange noises.—R. B. W.]
DryoscoPus LEUCORHYNCHUS Hartl.
Laniarius leucorhynchus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 573 (1903); Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 331
[Cameroon].
a. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 18th July. [No. 3502. Rk. B. W.]
Tris dark brown; bill and feet black.
The members of the Expedition did not recognize the differences between this species
and D. holomelas, which was met with on the west as well as on the east side of
Ruwenzori, and consequently they did not trouble to procure a series of specimens.
Dr. Reichenow states that the white bill in this species is a characteristic of the very
old bird ; but this is clearly an error, as all the specimens in the British Museum with
a white bill are obviously quite young, and in one from Efulen, Cameroon (Bates Coll.),
the tail is only partially grown.
LANIUS INTERCEDENS Neumann.
Lanius excubitorius intercedens Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 228 [Hawash Valley to Victoria
Nyanza].
Lanius intercedens Grant, Ibis, 1907, pp. 590, 591.
af. 6 2 et 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th-30th April. [ Nos.
d. d.
1466, 1467. D. C.; 2285, 2289, 2290, 2307. G. L.]
g-g. 6 @ et ¢ imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd—19th May. [Nos. 271,
279, 288, 294, 298, 822, 847, 349. R. B. D.; 1485, 1517. D. C] 5
rt. $2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-24th June. [Nos. 457. R. E. D.;
1680. D. C.; 3455. Rk. B. W.]
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
[Neumann’s Long-tailed Grey-backed Shrike was very numerous all through the
acacia-country around the south end of Ruwenzori and in the upper part of the Semliki
Valley. It was a conspicuous object, even from a distance, perched on the topmost
bough of an acacia-tree, or flying, as they do, in a perfectly straight line from one tree
to another. Its low note has a curiously musical sound, like several notes in harmony.
SP 1 Wal
or
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 34
LaANIUS MACKINNONI Sharpe.
Lanius mackinnoni Grant, Nov. Zool. ix. p. 468 (1902) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 617 (1903).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [No. 48. &. E. D.]
be. 3 Q. ae ut Ist & 20th Jan. [Nos. 59.2. E. D.;
3122. R. B. W.|
d,e. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 8rd & 25th Feb. [Nos. 141.
Jie Jd, 10,8 SUSI Ih, Je VA
f-h. 3 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-6500 ft., Ist-6th March. [Nos.
WG. hy 18, 10,5 WAVS, WesKO IO, <6)
i,k. 6 2. 10 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [Nos. 2446. G. L.;
3540. Rk. B. W.|
Adult male and female. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
The specimens killed in August are in very worn plumage and in full moult, the old
feathers of the back being much browner than the new ones. ‘The collection also
contains specimens in partial moult (chiefly the tail-feathers) procured in January,
February, and March. A female killed in December [ No. 48] is marked “ breeding.”
[A few examples of Mackinnon’s Shrike were met with on Ruwenzori up to the
forest-line at an elevation of 6500 ft., but they were not numerous. They were also
seen in some of the clearings in the Eturi Forest between Fort Beni and Irumu.—
RB. W]
LANIUS HUMERALIS Stanley.
Lantus humeralis Grant, Nov. Zool. ix. p. 466 (1902) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 609 (1903).
Lanius humeralis congicus Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 610 (1903).
Fiscus humerelis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 550 [Toro].
a,b. $. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 27th March. [Nos. 1423. D.C ;
2217. G. L.]
ce. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd May. [No. 272. &. E. D.]
Adult male. Iris dark brown ; bill black; feet dark grey or black.
Dr. Reichenow considers that the representatives of this species, ranging from
Angola to the Lake District, should be separated under the name of L. h. congicus, on
account of the markings of their outer tail-feathers, which are said to be black with
only the tip and outer web white. In this respect the specimen (No. 272) from S.E.
Ruwenzori agrees with the description of L. congicus and differs from most East African
specimens of L. humeralis in the British Museum, which have the greater part of the
outer tail-feathers white. These range from North Abyssinia southwards to Natal and
westwards to Victoria Nyanza. There is a large series of this species in the Jackson
Collection from Kikuyu, Eldoma Ravine, Nandi, Elgeyu, Mt. Elgon, Entebbe, and
Toro, and, among these, specimens are to be found from several localities with the
VOL, XIX.—ParT Iv. No. 46.—March, 1910. 34
346 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
outer tail-feathers marked as in L. congicus. Of the two adult males from Eastern
Ruwenzori, one must be referred to typical LZ. humeralis and the other to L. congicus,
if the difference in the markings of the tail-feathers is to be regarded as of subspecific
value, but it seems doubtful if this character is of any great importance. It must,
however, be added that in the British Museum there are no specimens from the
Congo district for comparison.
[A few examples of the Eastern Fiscal-Shrike were seen on the east side of Ruwen-
zori, but were not met with above an elevation of 5000 ft—R. B. W.|
Family SYLVIID&.
MELOCICHLA MENTALIS (Fraser).
Melocichla mentalis Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 588 (1905); Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 594 [ Baro
River], 1908, p. 298 [Tanganyika].
Melocichla mentalis atricauda Reich. ; Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 5389 (1905).
a. &. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 20th Nov. [No. 1. R&. #. D.]
b-e. ¢ 2. 100-130 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th-9th Dec. [Nos. 31, 33,
41. R. HE. D.; 1053. D. C.]
fH. 3g. ele S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th & 29th April. [Nos. 1450,
a.
1455. D. C.; 2308. Gy Jhs BA, 1s Le io)
k-n. 8. Mokia, S.E. Src 3400 ft., 8th-30th May. [Nos. 303, 393. ft. HE. D. ;
d.
1576. D. C.; 3358. R. B. W.)
o-u. 6d Qets Pimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—30th June. [Nos. 410.
d.
R. E. D.: 1628, 1629, 1630, 1713, 1714. D. C.; 3477. RB. B. WP]
y. Adult. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8th July. [No. 47. R. E. D.]
w. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th July. [No. 2417. G. L.]
Iris cream-colour, yellow, or light brown ; bill black, basal part of the lower mandible
white or pale slate-colour ; feet varying from slate-blue to dark grey.
The two subspecies of this large Grass- Warbler have already been discussed at some
length in my paper on the birds from the Sobat and Baro Rivers quoted above. The
splendid series procured by the Expedition, and representing the greater part of the
year, includes several immature examples. These may be recognized by the narrow
sandy margins to the feathers of the occiput, nape, and mantle, as well as to the
secondary quills, but in other respects the plumage is similar to that of the adult.
[This species was seen at Entebbe and throughout the journey to Ruwenzori. It was
not uncommon at the north and south ends of the range and was also met with in the
Semliki Valley, but it was never seen on the mountains.—F. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRA NT—AVES. 347
CIsTICOLA RUFA (Fraser).
Cisticola rufa Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 567 (1905).
a. d. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 3023. RB. B. W.]
6. 3. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 3038. R. B. W.|
c,d. 8. Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 26th & 28th Sept. [NGe, BOIS, OMY, fis Je, W175)
e. g¢. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 8th May. [No. 1520. D. C.]
Iris pale brown or olive-brown ; bill olive-brown, yellowish-brown, or black (in May) ;
feet light brown.
|The small Rufous Grass-Warbler was obtained near Entebbe and a few were seen
at the north end of Ruwenzori. A single specimen was killed at the south end of the
range on the bare grassy foot-hills. It was by no means a common bird.—R. B. W.]
CISTICOLA TERRESTRIS (Smith).
Cisticola terrestris Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 558 (1905).
a. S. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th April. [No. 1429. D. C]
HO Bal A » Ist-19th May. [[Nos. “ENE, THOT, 0)
3301, 3338. R. B. W.]
fH. ¢ &. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th-li7th June. [Nos. 16414. D.C;
3468, 3470, 3471. Rk. B. W.)
Iris pale brown, olive-brown, or hazel; bill black, base of lower mandible grey ;
feet light flesh-colour or pale brown.
| The small Terrestrial Grass-Warbler was a very common species on the plains around
the south end of Ruwenzori, especially in the flat open country, where there was no bush.
Anyone who has travelled in Africa must be familiar with these little birds, which, rising
suddenly from the grass, fly up into the air, and, circling round and round, utter a
continuous clicking sound. Sometimes they rise to such a height that they are lost to
sight, but even then their clicking note can still be distinctly heard. —2&. B. W.]
CISTICOLA CARRUTHERS! Grant.
Cisticola carruthersi Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxiii. p. 94 (1909).
a. 2. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th June. |No. 1640. D.C. Type of the
species. |
Iris pale brown; bill black; feet pale brown.
This species is allied to C. dugubris, but may be at once recognized by the following
points :—The bill is long and slender (as in the genus Camaroptera); the outer webs
of the primary-quills are brownish (not rufous) ; and the whole upper surface of the tail-
feathers is black tipped with white, while on the under surface the wide subterminal
black bands are scarcely distinguishable from the greyer basal portion of the feathers.
Total length ca. 4°8 inches; culmen 0°58 ; wing 2:2; tail 2:05; tarsus 0°82.
3A 2
348 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
CIsTICOLA ERYTHROPS (Hartl.). (Plate XIX. fig. 11, egg.)
Cisticola erythrops Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 568 (1905); Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 317
[Cameroon].
80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 3022. &. B. W.}
150 miles W. of Entebbe, 5000 ft., 12th Dec. [No. 1057. D. C.]
, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 28th Sept. [No. 3518. &. B. W.]
d. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 3lst Dec. [No. 1077. D. C.]
é,f. 6%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [Nos. 3286, 3287. R.
B. W.|
g-p. 6%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-25th May. [Nos. 354. Rk. #. D.;
is)
40 tO GQ,
1483, 1528, 1595. D. C.; 2382, 2388. @. L.; 3310, 3314, 3413. R. B. W)
gr. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd & 4th June. [Nos. 421. &. E. D.;
3454. Rk. B. Wz]
s. ¢. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 30th July. [No. 2440. G. L.]
Iris pale brown, hazel, or olive-brown ; upper mandible black, lower whitish or
blue-grey ; feet pale brown or flesh-colour.
A pair of birds killed on the 28th of April (Nos. 3286 and 3287) had a nest with four
eggs, which may be described as follows:—Of a regular oval shape and distinctly
glossy. The ground-colour pale greenish-blue, spotted and blotched, especially round
the larger end where the markings form a zone, with light red and purplish-grey.
The four eggs measure respectively 69 x°51, °70 x°52, °70 X53, “71°53 in.
The nest, which was placed in a low bush about three feet from the ground, was
formed by fastening three leaves together ; it was not domed, but lined with fine grass
and the down of plants. It contained four slightly incubated eggs.
[The Buff-breasted Grass-Warbler was seen near Entebbe and throughout the
journey to Ruwenzori. It was plentiful on the plains all round the mountains, but was
never met with above 5000 ft. It seems chiefly to frequent the small water-courses
and streams and the edges of swamps.— Rk. B. W.]
CISTICOLA LATERALIS (Fraser).
Cisticola lateralis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 562 (1905).
a. 3. Lower Semliki Valley, 2000 ft., 10th Oct. [No. 3623. R. B. W.]
Iris ight hazel ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet light brown.
{This Grass-Warbler was met with at the extreme north end of Ruwenzori on the
spurs projecting into the Semliki Valley near Lake Albert, and also among the acacia-
country in the Semliki Valley N.W. of the range. In the field it could be at once
distinguished from C. chwbbi—which it resembled in appearance—by its pleasant song,
which is composed of loud clear notes, quite unlike that of any other species of Cisticola
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 349
to be met with in the district. The two species were never found in the same locality,
for C. lateralis was not seen above 2500 ft., while C. chubéi was never met with below
5000 ft.—R. B. W.]
CIsTICOLA EMINI Reichenow.
Cisticola emini Reich. J. f. O. 1892, p.56 [Bussisi, S. of Victoria Nyanza] ; Grant, Ibis, 1908,
p- 297 [N.W. of Lake Tanganyika].
Cisticola rufopileata emini Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 562 (1905).
Cisticola woosnamt Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 72 (1908).
d.
a-t. 3 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th-30th April. [Nos. 251, 252.
d. a.
R. #. D.; 1428, 1440, 1441, 1445, 1459, 1463. D. C.; 3280. R. B. W.)
k-y. 6 Qet¢ Qimm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th-30th May. [Nos. 286,
d. A
2864, 319, 328, 335, 395. R. B. D.; 1575. D. C.; 3339, 3340 *, 3351, 3353, 3369,
3371 *, 3384, 3387. &. B. W.]
z. dimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd June. [No. 3444. R. B. We)
we
TI have re-examined the large series of Grass-Warblers, which I at first considered
to represent a distinct species and separated under the name of C. woosnami, and am
now satisfied that they should have been referred to C. emini Reich.
The species is nearly allied to C. pileata Reich., and, like that species, has the lores
white, but the bill is shorter, the culmen more curved, the under mandible always pale
horn-colour, the top of the head browner, not chestnut, and the upperparts much
lighter and of an olive-brown. Iris hazel; upper mandible black, lower mandible
whitish horn-colour ; feet flesh-colour.
The male, besides being larger than the female, is easily distinguished by having the
sides and flanks olive-grey: in the female these parts are bright buff. This sexual
difference in plumage explains the differences noted in the bird collected by
Mr. Carruthers at Baraka (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1908, p. 297).
Young birds have the upperparts, including the crown, uniformly reddish-brown ;
the chin, throat, and middle of the breast being washed with yellow, as is usual among
young birds of this genus,
g. Total length ca. 5-0 inches; culmen 0°58; wing 2°6; tail 2-1; tarsus 0-9.
2. 4s “ CET tieefiuk pg) ORDER ey rts lets} a) (QAR.
[Although Emin’s Grass-Warbler so closely resembles C. chubbi in appearance, both
its habits and notes are totally different and it frequents a different kind of country.
C. chubbi, which is found on Ruwenzori from 5000 to 8000 ft., is essentially a bird
of the elephant-grass country, and is never seen among the short grass and acacia-
trees at the south end of the range. C\ emini is met with only in the acacia-country
* Types of Cisticola woosnami Grant.
350 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
at the foot of the mountains at an elevation of 3400 ft., and is never found among the
elephant-grass at 5000 ft. The note of C. emini, which is a curious long trill, is quite
unlike that of C. chubdi. Both species are very numerous where they occur, but they
are never found together. C. eméni is a bird of rather retiring habits and is not often
seen, except when it utters its curious note. Then the male bird takes up a
position in some high acacia-tree and, sitting motionless, gives forth every few minutes
a long trill which seems to be ventriloquised, for, as a rule, it is most difficult
to locate —R. B. W.]
CISTICOLA BELLI Grant.
Cisticola belii Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 71 (1908).
a. d. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3lst May. [No. 3434. R. B.W. Type
of the species. |
The single male specimen is most nearly allied to C. chubéi Sharpe, and as in that
species the lores are black, but it differs in the following particulars :—The bill is long
and more slender; the back and wing-coverts greyer brown; the tail much shorter
(.e. 54 mm. as compared with 65 mm. in C. chubbi), with the middle pair of feathers
conspicuously barred, and the outer pairs tipped with grey and edged with white (not
with buff or clay-colour). The outer edges of the primary-quills are conspicuously
rufous-brown.
From C. emini Reichenow, which is also found in the same locality, it may be at
once distinguished by having the bill longer and less curved; the under mandible
black instead of pale horn-colour; the lores black instead of white ; and the back greyer,
contrasting with the reddish-brown crown. Iris hazel; bill black; feet light brown.
Total length ca. 5:2 inches; culmen 0°65; wing 2°35; tail 2°05; tarsus 1-0.
This species is named in honour of Mr. W. A. Bell, one of the Subscribers to the
Ruwenzori Expedition.
[A single specimen of Bell’s Grass-Warbler was shot in the papyrus-swamp on the
edge of Lake Edward at an altitude of 3000 tt. In appearance it closely resembles
C. chubbi, which is found on Ruwenzori from 5000-8000 ft., but is never seen in the
vicinity of Lake Edward, where the present species occurs. C. dateralis again,
which it also resembles, is found at the north end of the range and near Lake
Albert, but inhabits the dry acacia-country. A third species, C. emini, which also
resembles C. Gelli, is found near the same locality, but inhabits only the dry acacia-
country at the foot ot the mountains and is never seen or heard near the papyrus-
swamps on the lake. These three species of Cisticola (C. chubbi, C. lateralis, and
C. emini) have distinctive and striking notes, which could not have failed to attract
attention if heard in the papyrus-swamp. C. de/li was evidently breeding, as the
testes in the male procured were much enlarged. Although only one specimen was
obtained, others were seen in the same locality —R. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 351
CistTIcoLA CHUBBI Sharpe. (Plate XIX. fig. 14, egg.)
Cisticola chubbi Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 561 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 545 (Ruwenzori) ;
Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 73 (1908).
a-d. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 30th & 31st Dec. [Nos. 88.
d.
R. E. D.; 2039, 2041, 2043. G. L.] i
ep. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist-28th Jan. [Nos. 125,133.
a. d. d.
Its Jd, ID2 NOSB, MOSS, IO), AlOey IIB IA) hs OO OOS). (Ge ins BIO), SUL,
Ike 1s Yio | d
g-t. $ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 8th & 11th Feb. [ Nos. 152,
d.
153, JR, 12, (0.3 SUDO, SMBS Mie 75 1175)
u-a. 6 2 et dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-7000 ft., 9th—23rd
March. [Nos. 204. &. E. D.; 1334, 13852. D. C.; 2177, DDL CL, Tbe: 3216, 3252.
ea Be We]
Iris chestnut, hazel, or dark brown; bill black; feet flesh-colour or light brown.
An immature male differs from the adult in having the upperparts reddish-brown,
almost like the crown, the dusky subterminal spots to the tail-feathers very indistinct,
and the tips of the feathers light rust-colour.
Two eggs are of a regular oval form and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour is
pale blue, very finely marked all over, but especially round the larger end, with light
red. They measure respectively -78 X96 and °75 X°56 inch.
[Chubb’s Grass-Warbler was found on Ruwenzori from 5000 ft. up to the forest-
line and in all the open clearings up to 8000 ft. On reaching Ruwenzori this species
was one of the first birds to attract attention, not only on account of its numbers and
its fearlessness of man, but because of its loud note and curious habits. The male
birds seem to spend almost the whole day in singing, always two and sometimes
three or four joining together. As a rule, however, two are to be seen on a tall orass-
stem close together and facing each other. With tails spread they bob up and down,
bowing to each other and turning round and round in the most amusing manner,
while at the same time they keep up an incessant babel of noise. Suddenly one will
fly off to another spot and be followed by the others, when the same performance is
repeated. The song always sounds as if each of the birds was singing a different part,
and for this reason we nicknamed them the “ Duet Grass-Warblers.” A nest found
in January was placed in a bunch of dead grass about 5 feet from the ground. It
was domed and composed of blades of dead grass and roots, lined with finer grass
and roots. It matched its surroundings so perfectly that it was quite invisible.—
R. B.W]
352 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
CISTICOLA RUFOPILEATA Reichenow.
Cisticola rufopileata Reich. V6g. Afr. iii. p. 561 (1905); Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 318
[Cameroon ].
a, 6. 6 2. Mawambi, EK. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 30th Oct. [Nos. 3648, 3649.
18s 16 Uo
Tris hazel; bill black; feet flesh-colour.
[A pair of Reichenow’s Rufous-headed Grass-Warbler was obtained in a small
clearing in the Eastern Congo Forest near Mawambi; the song was very similar to
that of C. chubbi.—R. B. W.]
CIsTICOLA NUCHALIS Reichenow.
Cisticola robusta nuchalis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 555 (1905).
a. é. 30 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 25th Nov. [No. 3004. &. B. W.]
b. ¢. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 2025. G. Z.]
e. 6. Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 26th Sept. [No. 3616. &. B. W.]
Tris light brown; bill black; feet brown or flesh-colour.
There is a large series of specimens of C. nuchalis in Mr. Jackson’s collection, which
have also been examined.
[This Grass-Warbler was seen near Entebbe and on the plains on the east side of
Ruwenzori, where it was not uncommon.—f. B. W.]
CISTICOLA LUGUBRIS (Ripp.).
Cisticola lugubris Reich. Vog. Afr. il. p. 552 (1905).
a-g. 6 etimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th—20th June. [Nos. 1653,
d. d.
1654, 1655, 1656, 1657. D. C.; 3472, 3488. Rk. B. W.|
h-k. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd—24th July. [Nos. 1739, 1757.
ID), OL > BSL, Sts, Ji Zo]
Tris pale brown or hazel; bill black; feet pale brown or pale flesh-colour.
Eight of the specimens procured proved to be males; in the other two the sex was
not ascertained.
No. 1657, which is almost certainly the young of this species, has the general colour
of the upperparts reddish-brown, the feathers of the crown, as well as those of the
mantle, being streaked with black ;. the middle tail-feathers and the margins of the
outer pairs reddish-brown; and the flanks and under tail-coverts buff, much brighter
than in the adult.
[The Mournful Grass-Warbler was met with occasionally on the plains at the south
end of Ruwenzori, but was a very uncommon bird. A. few examples were also seen on
the edge of the Eturi Forest near Fort Beni. The song of this bird is totally different
W. R. OGILVIH-GRANT—AVES. 393
from that of any other species of Cisticola, and resembles the last half of the song of
the Yellow Bunting (Hmberiza citrinella)— Rk. B. W.]
CISTICOLA STRANGEI (Fraser).
Cisticola strangei Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 545 (1905).
a,b. g. Near Entebbe, 3500 ft., 20th & 26th Nov. DNs, Zo it, Ja ID. § WOW,
IV, 05)
ce. 6. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 5th Dec. [No. 2018. G. £.]
d-k. 6 2 et d imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 27th April. [Nos.
236, 240, 257. A. HE. D.; 1439. D. C.; 2294. G. £.; 3276, 3277. R. B. W.]
Ls. 6 2 et dimm. Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th-23rd May. [Nos. 333,
334, 336. R. HE. D.; 1514, 1519, 1548. D063 BX; SOM, Tie Jo, 16]
t,w. [do] 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th-2lst June. [Nos. 1644,
1662. D.C]
Iris ight brown or hazel; bill, in the male, blackish, with the lower mandible
partly or entirely whitish horn-colour; in the female, light horn-colour; legs varying
from flesh-colour to pale brown.
In the present collection the females and immature males differ somewhat from the
adult males, and it is with some hesitation that I have referred them to C. strange7.
They have the occiput and nape more or less rufous-brown, the feathers of the crown
and upperparts deep black widely margined with pale rufous-brown, and the flanks
and under tail-coverts of a rather bright pale buff. In males of typical C. strangei
procured in the same locality (S.E. Ruwenzori) and at the same season, the upperparts
are altogether darker, the feathers of the crown and back of a browner black margined
with dark greyish-brown, while the flanks and under tail-coverts are pale greyish-buff.
It should be noted that the adult males are all in more or less worn plumage, whereas
the two immature males and five females are in freshly moulted plumage. ‘The bill of
the male is larger and blacker than that of the female.
Males. Wing 2°7—2°75 inches.
Females. Wing 2°25—2°35 inches.
[Strange’s Grass-Warbler was seen near Entebbe and during the march to
Ruwenzori. It was numerous on the plains all round the mountains, but was never
seen above an altitude of 3400 ft. It was one of the most conspicuous species of the
genus Cisticola, for it has a loud note, which is often uttered while the bird is
hovering about above the grass.—F. B. W.|
SCH@NICOLA APICALIS (Cabanis).
Schenicola apicalis Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 577 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 545 [Toro].
a. Adult. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [No. 1015. D. C.]
9
VOL. XIx.—Part Iv. No. 47.—WMareh, 1910. 3B
554
b. 3.
Gs Cio
Luimi Valley, N.E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist Oct.
South Ruwenzori, 3000 ft., 20th June.
ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
[No. 3621. R. B. W.]
[No. 2410. @. L.]
Iris light brown or hazel; upper mandible blackish, lower pale horn-colour ; feet
brown or light brown.
The male bird procured by Mr. Legge on the 20th of June was breeding, and there is
a note on the label stating that the sinews in the legs were like wire. ‘This specimen
is in very worn plumage and the feathers of the head and throat are in moult.
[The Fan-tailed Reed-Warbler was found all round Ruwenzori below 5000 ft., but not
in the elephant-grass country.
Edward.—R. B. W.]
Genus BRADYPTERUS.
It was not uncommon in the Semliki Valley near Lake
The species comprising this genus are of particular interest for the following reasons.
They may be naturally divided into two sections :—
I. Possessing 12 tail-feathers, with the shafts moderately stiff and with the vanes normally
wa bebe
developed.
. brachypterus (Vieill.). S.E. & 8S. Africa.
. abyssinicus Blundell & Lovat. N-.E. Africa (S. Abyssinia).
. sylvaticus Sundev. 8. Africa.
. nyasse Shelley. S.E. Africa (Nyasaland).
. alfréedi Hartl. C. Africa (Lake Albert : Ruwenzor1).
. babeculus (Vieill.). S.E. & 8. Africa.
. victorini Sundev. S. Africa.
. cinnamomeus (Riipp.). E. & C. Africa. Typical examples of this species from the
mountains of Shoa, Mount Kenya, and Kikuyu possess 12 tail-feathers, but in a
large series of specimens from Ruwenzori only 10 tail-feathers are found, though
one example has the abnormal number of 11 (six on the right side and five on the
left). It is thus evident that the birds from Ruwenzori, though differing in no
way in plumage from specimens from Shoa, show symptoms of becoming gradually
differentiated into a distinct form, a point which appears to be of the greatest
interest. It will be seen that the specimen of B. cinnamomeus from Ruwenzori
figured by Mr. Pycraft to show the pterylography possesses only 10 tail-feathers.
(See Appendix, text-figure 14, p. 455.)
Il. Possessing 10 pointed tail-feathers, with stiff shafts and with narrow disintegrate webs.
B.
B.
B.
? B. castaneus Reichenow, W. Africa (Bangwa Dist., N. Cameroon).
barake Sharpe. C. Africa (Ruwenzori).
lopest Alexander. W. Africa (Fernando Po).
camerunensis Alexander. W. Africa (Peak of Cameroon, 7000 ft.).
I have not been able
to examine an example of this species, which appears to be nearly allied to B. barake.
It was, at first, my intention to separate the species with 10 tail-feathers under a
new generic name, on account of the very different character of their tail-feathers,
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 308
which recall those of the genus Stipiturus, but the fact that in the species B. cinna-
momeus a somewhat intermediate type is found possessing either 10 or 12 tail-feathers,
seems to indicate that all the species must be considered co-generic.
BRADYPTERUS BARAK& (Sharpe). (Plate XVI. fig. 3, ¢.)
Phlexis rufescens Sharpe (nec Sharpe, 1876), Bull. B.O.C. xiii. p. 9 (1902).
Bradypterus rufescens Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 580 (1905).
Bradypterus barake Sharpe, Ibis, 1906, p. 546 [Ruwenzori].
a,b. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft., 7th & 15th Jan. [Nos.
LOZ DNC SOG. Ls Bo Wel
ef. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft., 3rd—26th March. [Nos.
IGSs tthe J, D5 VAS IO Ore EP BAG, Jt Jb, Wi
Tris dark brown or dark hazel; bill blackish, lower mandible mostly light horn-colour
or greyish ; feet brown, light brown, or pale olive-green.
The birds are all fully adult and differ in no way from the type-specimen.
This species appears to be very closely allied to B. castaneus Reich. from Cameroon,
but the latter is described as having the throat white.
[ Baraka’s Reed-Warbler was found on Ruwenzori from an elevation of 6500 up to
8500 ft., and inhabited the darkest parts of the forest-zone, especially where there
was dense undergrowth. Like Bradypterus cinnamomeus, this bird always appeared
wet and draggled from creeping about among the dripping undergrowth. It seemed
very rarely to use its wings.— Rk. B. W.|
BRADYPTERUS CINNAMOMEUS (Rupp.).
Bradypterus cinnamomeus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 581 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 545
[Ruwenzori ].
Bradypterus rufoflavidus Reich. & Neumann ; Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 582 (1905) [immature |.
a-c. 6 et 6 vixad. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft., 8th—-23rd Jan.
Nis, JET, IOUS, Tikes}, JO C2)
d-h. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-10,000 ft., 10th-28th Feb. [Nos.
d.
NGO, 1, Jd, Ie Wis, JD, CLs SIDS, SUTO, GTA, IB Je, We)
7. Imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 10th March. [No. 1315. D. C.|
k-o. 6 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 1st August. [Nos. 499. R. #. D.;
1763, 1764. D. C.; 3529, 3533. R. B. W.]
Iris brown or hazel ; bill blackish, lower mandible lighter ; feet brown or light brown.
An immature bird |No. 1315] shot by Mr. Carruthers differs from the adult in
having the top of head and upperparts, except the wings and tail, olive-brown,
with scarcely a trace of rufous. The superciliary stripes, sides of the face, chin, and
3B 2
356 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
throat, as well as the middle of the breast and belly, of a pale soiled yellowish colour.
The pectoral band, which is interrupted by a yellow patch in the middle, as well as the
sides and flanks, dark tawny brown. Wing 2°25 inches; tail 2°4. Iris dark hazel ;
bill black, yellow at the base of the lower mandible; feet very light brown.
Remarks on some points in the anatomy of this species by Mr. W. P. Pycraft will
be found in the Appendix to this paper, p. 454.
[Riippell’s Reed-Warbler was found on Ruwenzori from an elevation of 6500 to
15,000 ft. It frequented the undergrowth, especially where it was densest, and was
particularly numerous at about 10,000 ft., where the bottoms of the valleys were
swampy and full of low rank vegetation. Among this it was always to be found
creeping about and constantly uttering a single note, almost exactly like that of the
Hedge-Sparrow. Both B. cinnamomeus and B. barake have also a loud short song of
stridulous notes, which they often utter with startling suddenness. One cannot fail to
remark the striking resemblance of the song of these two birds to that of Cetti’s
Warbler (Cettia cetti), and their habits are exactly the same. Another marked point
of resemblance is the extraordinary development of the leg-muscles and the tough
wiry sinews—in fact, the three species are so much alike that one almost wonders
they should have been separated generically.—R. B. W.]
BRADYPTERUS ALFREDI Hartl. (Plate XVI. fig..1, 2.)
Bradypterus alfredi Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 579 (1905).
a @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 5th April. [No. 2276. G. L.]
Jris dark brown ; upper mandible black, lower slate-colour; feet brown.
I have compared this bird with the type-specimen in the Tring Museum, which was
obtained by Emin at Njangabo, in Ndussuma, to the west of Lake Albert, and find that
they are quite similar. ‘This species is new to the British Museum.
[A single specimen of this rare Reed-Warbler was obtained by Mr. Gerald Legge on
the east side of Ruwenzori among the grass and dense vegetation below the forest-line
at 0000 ft. It had the great development of leg-muscles and wiry sinews noticed in
other species of the genus Bradypterus and in Schenicola apicalis.—R. B. W.]
CALAMOCICHLA NILOTICA Neumann.
Calamocichla ansorgei nilotica Neumann, Nov. Zool. xv. p. 246 (1908).
a. Immature [?? |. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 27th March. [No.
2201. G. L.)
6. gimm. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 3521. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill brown; feet dark grey or slate-blue.
Professor Neumann, who has recently devoted much time and attention to the study of
this difficult group of birds, has referred both specimens in the present collection to a
W. R. OGELVIE-GRANT—AVES. 307
new subspecies which he has called Calamocichla ansorget nilotica. As pointed out by
Professor Neumann, this form may be distinguished from C. rufescens Sharpe & Bouvier
by the much larger hind claw, 11-12 mm. in length.
[This Reed-Warbler occurs near Entebbe and all round Ruwenzori below 5000 ft. It
is seldom seen, owing to its habit of keeping to the dense patches of elephant-grass and
reeds, but its harsh raucous notes never fail to betray its presence.—L. B. W.|
SYLVIA ATRICAPILLA (Linn.).
Sylvia atricapilla Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 650 (1905).
a,b. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 9th & 27thJan. [Nos. 82. &. EH. D.;
ZS Gowers
e. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., llth Feb. [No. 3161. R. B. W.]
dhs af be os 7000 ft., 16th March. [No. 3225. R. B. W.]
[The Blackcap was met with only on E. Ruwenzori at an elevation of from
6000-7000 ft. It had the iris hazel or dark brown; the bill blackish-brown, dark
brown, or grey; and the feet grey, olive-grey, or bluish-grey.— FR. B. W.|
SYLVIA HORTENSIS Linn.
Sylvia simplex Lath.; Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 649 (1905).
a. &. 130 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 9th Dec. [No. 1052. D. C.]
b. &. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 16th March. [No. 205. &. E. D.]
[The Garden-Warbler was seldom seen. ‘The iris is dark brown or dark hazel; the
bill black, lighter on the lower mandible ; and the feet slate-colour or grey.— 2. B. W.|
PHYLLOSCOPUS EVERSMANNI (Bonap.).
Phylloscopus trochilus eversmanni Hartert, Vig. Pal. Faun. pt. iv. p. 509 (1907).
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 8th Feb. [No. 3150. R. B. W.]
This appears to be an adult male of Eversmann’s Willow- Warbler.
Wing 2°9 inches. Both the remiges and rectrices are in moult.
PHYLLOSCOPUS TROCHILUS (Linn.).
Phylloscopus trochilus Reich. Vog, Afr. ii. p. 644 (1905).
a. Immature. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st Nov. [No. 6. &. #. D.]
b. 9. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 16th March. [No. 207. &. E. D.]
The female Willow-Warbler, shot in March, is in full moult.
APALIS DENTI Grant. (Plate XIV. fig. 3, 2.)
Apalis denti Grant, Bull. B.O.C. xix. p. 86 (1907).
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [No. 521. &. £. D.
Type of the species. |
358 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
This species is most nearly allied to A. rufogularis (Fraser), but is distinguished by
having a shorter bill, with the under mandible entirely black, the throat and chest of
a paler and brighter brick-red, and the breast and belly pure white, without any trace
of olive.
Tris hazel; bill black ; feet flesh-colour.
Total length 4°3 inches; wing 1:9; tail 1°85; tarsus 0°72.
[A single specimen of this new species was shot by Mr. R. E. Dent in the top of a
tall tree in the Mpanga Forest. It was the only specimen seen.— kh. B. W.|
APALIS AFFINIS Grant. (Plate XIV. fig. 2, 3.)
Apalis afinis Grant, Bull. B.O.C. xvi. p. 116 (1906).
Apalis porphyrolema Jackson (nec Reich. & Neumann), Ibis, 1906, p. 546 [Ruwenzori].
a.b. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 11th January. [Nos. 88, 89.
Lt. E. D. Types of the species. |
This Alpine species is most nearly allied to A. porphyrolema Reich. & Neum., but
has the throat-patch of a much darker chestnut-colour.
Tris light hazel ; bill black ; feet light brown.
Total length about 4°5 inches; culmen 0°5; wing 2:0; tail 2-1; tarsus 0-7.
[During the first week of our stay on Ruwenzori Mr. R. E. Dent one morning shot
four examples of this little bird out of a flock of six or eight individuals. They were
seen in the top of a tall tree in the forest at 6000 ft. Two of them were much knocked
about by the shot or splinters of wood, and, thinking that we were certain to procure
many more specimens during our stay, only a pair was preserved. Unfortunately these
proved to be the only ones met with by the Expedition. It is remarkable that the
two new species of the genus Apalis should have been obtained by Mr. Dent under
almost exactly similar circumstances.
A. affinis must be a very rare bird, and probably A. denti is equally so.—R. B. W.]
APALIS CANICEPS (Cassin).
Eremomela caniceps Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 688 (1905).
a. 6. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [No. 3511. #. B. W.]
Iris light hazel; bill black ; feet dark flesh-colour.
The characters of the genus Apalis require revision, for the present species
certainly belongs to this genus and not to Eremomela. ‘The tail is longer and graduated
as in A. thoracica (Shaw & Nodd.) (the type of Apalis), and not short and square-
ended as in H. flaviventris (Burch.) (the type of Hremomela).
[A single specimen was obtained on the edge of the Eturi Forest, at Fort Beni. It
was breeding at the end of July.—#. B. W.|
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 359
APALIS JACKSONI Sharpe.
Apalis jacksoni Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 608 (1905).
a,b. 6 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th & 19th Sept. [Nos. 3582,
3983. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill black ; feet light brown.
The only example in the British Museum of this beautiful little Bush-Warbler is the
type-specimen, which was procured by Mr. Jackson on Mount Elgon. His collector
subsequently procured an adult male and two females at Kibiran, Toro.
[A few examples of Jackson’s Bush-Warbler were met with in the Mpanga Forest,
east of Ruwenzori. They were seen only in the tree-tops.—&. B. W.]
APALIS BINOTATA Reichenow.
Apalis binotata Reich. J. f. O. 1896, p. 41, pl. v. [Cameroon: g]; id. Vog. Afr. in. p. 608
(1905) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 820 [R. Ja, Cameroon].
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th Sept. [No. 3567. R. B. W.]
Tris light chestnut ; bill black ; feet light brown.
As pointed out by Dr. Sharpe, the sexes in this species differ slightly from each
other in plumage; the bird described and figured by Dr. Reichenow with a white
patch on either side of the throat being the male, while the female has a broad band of
white on either side extending from the chin to the base of the throat.
The present specimen differs slightly from typical female specimens from Cameroon
in having the white streak on each side of the throat reduced in width and the bill
distinctly shorter (05 inch as compared with 06).
Female specimens from Toro in the Jackson Collection are indistinguishable from
Cameroon birds.
| This species of Bush-Warbler was very plentiful in the Mpanga Forest.—Rh. B. W. |
APALIS PERSONATA Sharpe.
Apalis personata Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p.608 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 547 [Ruwenzori ].
af. 6 2 et ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 6th—-25th Jan.
d.
Dies, 7, OG, NAG. 1 Joe 10,3 WO, IATL, ILS 70) CI
g. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 6th Feb. [No. 1218. D. C.]
h-q. 6 2 et ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 8th—-22nd
d. d. d.
March. [Nos. 1303, 1316, 1319, 1367, 1395, 1408. D. C.; 3194, 3226, 3237. R. B. W.]
Iris hazel or light brown ; bill black ; feet brown, light brown, or flesh-coloured.
‘Three males (Nos. 106, 3226, 3237) have the hinder part of the crown mixed with
olive-coloured feathers like those of the back. This appears to be a sign of immaturity ;
360 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
but in other respects they resemble the adult, which has the entire crown sooty black.
One male (No. 1112), apparently an old bird, has the black feathers of the crown separated
from the olive-coloured mantle by a narrow slate-grey collar. Another male (No. 1143)
has olive-green patches, instead of yellow, on either side of the black chest ; this also is
probably a character due to age, as the bird shows traces of the grey nuchal collar
referred to in specimen No. 1112.
[The Masked Bush-Warbler was met with on Ruwenzori up to 9000 ft. and was
numerous in the forest-zone, almost always frequenting the tree-tops, though it was
also occasionally to be found among the undergrowth.— Ff. B. W.]
APALIS RUWENZORII Jackson. (Plate XIV. fig. 4, 3.)
Apalis ruwenzorii Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 606 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 547 [Ruwen-
zori].
a-d. ¢. Mukubu Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft, 13th-18th Jan.
d.
[Nos. 1147, 1155. D. C.; 2095. G. Z.; 3105. R. B. W.]
é. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., llth Feb. [No. 1226. D. C.|
Oa Oke hop as ei 6000-9000 ft., 6th-25th March. [Nos. 199.
a. a. d. d.
R. E. D.; 1296, 1297, 1298, 1318, 1374. D. C.; 2242, 2248. G. L.; 3196, 3197,
d.
3227. Rk. B. W.]
r. Adult. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [No. 3528. R. B. W.]
Iris hazel or light brown; bill black ; feet brown or flesh-colour.
(The Ruwenzori Bush-Warbler was met with from 6500 ft. up to 10,000 ft., but it
was rarely seen above 8500 ft. It was numerous in the forest-zone and lower margin of
the bamboos, and was always to be found skulking about among the dense undergrowth
or in some tangled mass of creepers hanging from the lower branches of a tree. This
species was never seen in the tree-tops, while the two other members of the genus
(A. personata Sharpe and A. affinis Grant) found on Ruwenzori frequent the tree-tops
almost entirely —R. B. W.]
APALIS PULCHELLA (Cretzschm.).
Phyllolais hildegarde Sharpe; Grant & Reid, Ibis, 1901, p. 649 [S. Abyssinia ].
Phyllolais pulchella Grant, Ibis, 1902, p. 419 [ White Nile]; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 548
[Toro j.
Apalis hildegarde Reich. Voég. Afr. 11. p. 603 (19035).
Apalis pulchella Reich. 1. c. p. 610.
d.
a—é. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th-30th April. [Nos. 1444, 1447,
1458. D. C.; 8283, 8298. Rk. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 361
lite 1, ID), 8 1516, 1549, 1580. D. C.; 3325, 3333, 3367, 3368, 3372, 3373, 3077, 3878,
3379, 3400. &. B. W.]
Iris hazel or ight brown ; bill brown, light brown, or flesh-colour; feet pale brown
or flesh-colour.
The fine series of this species in the present collection makes it clear that P. hilde-
garde Sharpe must be regarded as a synonym; the supposed different colour of the
bill, which I at one time regarded as a distinctive character, being evidently of no
importance.
(The Beautiful Bush-Warbler was plentiful all around the south end of Ruwenzori,
both on the plains at the foot of the mountains and in the Semliki Valley. Its
favourite haunt was the tops of the smaller acacia-trees.—R. B. W.|
EiMINIA LEPIDA Hartlaub.
Eminia lepida Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 618 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 547 [Toro].
a,b. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 and 7000 ft., 5th & 9th Jan.
[Nos. 66, 80. &. H. D.]
c,d. $ 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 8th Feb. [Nos. 3151, 3152.
R. B.W.|
e. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 8th April. [No. 3270. R. B. W.]
d. d.
fm. ¢ 2 et 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3rd—26th May. [Nos. 346, 355.
d.
IP, 12, 10,3 1888, IVE, Ibi, 1582, GOL, 1614. 1D, On 8 PRO, ZEOIL, Gis Iho 3313.
JB JB Wo]
q. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 18th July. [No. 3503. R. B. W.]
Adult. Yris hazel, reddish-brown, or chestnut; bill black; feet light brown or flesh-
colour.
Immature. Differs from the adult only in having the chestnut on the throat and
under wing-coverts paler. Iris grey; bill black; feet pale yellow.
[A few examples of Emin’s Bush-Warbler were found on Ruwenzori up to 7000 ft.,
but they were uncommon. ‘They were plentiful on the plains below the mountains,
frequenting the more dense vegetation along the banks of streams. Two nests were
found, one at the beginning of May and the other at the end of July, but both
contained young birds. One nest was suspended from a single creeper hanging over a
stream, under a great mass of tangled vegetation and creepers forming quite a tunnel.
The other was in a very similar situation, but was placed among the creepers and not
suspended. Both nests were partially domed and composed of fine roots and moss.
‘This bird has a short but very loud song composed of flute-like notes.—R. B. W.]
(9)
VOL. XIX.—ParT Iv. No. 48.—WMarch, 1910. 3)
562 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SYLVIELLA BARAK# Sharpe. (Plate XIX. fig. 6, egg.)
Sylviella barake Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. vii. p. 6 (1897) [Entebbe] ; Grant, Ibis, 1900, p. 156.
Sylvietta virens Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 631 (1905) [part. ].
a-d. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd—24th July. [Nos. 1747. D.C.;
3510, 3517, 3523. R. B. W.]
Iris hazel or light brown; bill dusky horn-colour ; feet flesh-colour or brown.
This species can be distinguished from fully adult examples of the very closely
allied S&. vérens (Cassin) by having the superciliary stripe, as well as the chin and
throat, dull whitish instead of rufous, the chest less rufous, and the upper breast
greyer. Less mature examples of the two forms appear to be indistinguishable. The
West African S. virens is a rather more brightly coloured bird on the throat and
chest.
The specimens in the present collection are no doubt fully adult, and No. 3510 is
marked ‘“‘ breeding” by Mr. Woosnam.
The egg figured forms part of Mr. F. J. Jackson’s collection.
[A few examples of Baraka’s Crombec were seen in the Eturi Forest between Fort
Beni and Irumu.—F. B. W.]
SYLVIELLA TOROENSIS Jackson.
Sylvietta toroensis Reich. Vog. Afr. ili. p. 682 (1905).
Sylviella toroensis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 548 [ Kibera R. ].
a-c. 6 2 et ¢ imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th & 21st Sept.
[Nos. 3560, 3595, 3602. Rk. B. W.|
Adult. Iris hazel; bill horn-colour; feet brown.
Immature. Differs from the adult in having the upperparts strongly washed with
dark olive, the lores greyish, the sides of the throat pale yellowish, and the chest grey
washed with yellowish in the middle. Iris olive-brown ; bill horn-colour; feet light
ereenish-brown.
[A few examples of the Toro Crombec were seen in the Mpanga Forest, E. of Ruwen-
zori.—R. B. W.]
SYLVIELLA LEUCOPHRYS Sharpe.
Sylvietia leucophrys Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 631 (1905).
Sylviella leucophrys Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 549 [Ruwenzori].
a. Adult. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 19th Sept. [No. 642. &. £.D.]
bf. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-8500 ft., 13th-l6th Jan.
d.
[Nos. 94. R. HE. D.; 1134, 1140, 1141, 1156. D. C.]
W. R. OGILVIB-GRANT—AVES. BB
g-k. & 2 et imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 3rd—22nd Feb.
a.
[Nos. 146. R. EL. D.; 1214, 1224. D.€.; 2164. &. Z.]
l-q. 6 2. Mubuku Vailey, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-8000 ft., 3rd—24th March.
[Nos. 179, 192, 193. R. B. D.; 3242, 3243, 3260. R. B. Wd
r. Adult. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [No. 2445. G. L.]
Iris hazel, dark chestnut, or brown; bill and feet brown or flesh-colour.
One adult female (No. 1140) differs from the rest of the series of specimens in
having the upperparts more olive and less brownish, especially on the rump.
An immature bird (No. 146) differs chiefly from the adult in having the eyebrow-
stripe less developed and the breast smoky grey, the middle of the throat being
suffused with the same colour.
[The White-eyebrowed Crombec was found on Ruwenzori up to 8500 ft., fre-
quenting the dense undergrowth both in the forest-zone and below it. It was also
found in the Mpanga Forest.—R. B. W.]
SYLVIELLA CARNAPI Reichenow 2
Sylviella brachyura Grant, Ibis, 1900, p. 155 [part., Equatorial Africa] ; id. Ibis, 1907, p. 593.
Sylvietta carnapi Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 628 (1905).
a,b. 2. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 29th April. [Nos. 1436, 1456.
D.C.)
c-k. 6 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-24th May. [Nos. 1509. D. C.;
2375. G. L.; 3300, 3352, 3389, 3402, 3407, 3408. &. B. W.]
t. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th June. [No. 438. R. #. D.]
This form ranges from the Bahr-el-Zeraf and Bahr-el-Jebel to Lake Edward. It
appears to be the same as S. carnapi Reich. from Cameroon, but I have no birds from
that locality for comparison. Dr. Reichenow’s description, however, seems to agree
with the birds from Mokia. They may be described as follows :—
Adult male and female. Most nearly allied to S. brachyura Latr., but differ in
having the chin, throat, breast, sides, and flanks of a much richer rufous-buff, and the
bill distinctly shorter. The upper surface seems to be of much the same brownish-
grey colour in both forms.
3. Wing 2°25-2°35 inches.
Qs gy AUR ss
Tris hazel, chestnut, or light brown; bill dark brownish horn-colour; feet flesh-
colour or very pale brown.
With a large series of specimens of both forms the difference between the two is at
once apparent.
30 2
364. ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZOR] EXPEDITION.
The above-mentioned specimens are not so richly coloured on the underparts as in
S. olivie Alexander [cf. Bull. B. O. C. xxiii. p. 16 (1908) ].
[This small species of Crombec was not uncommon in the acacia-country on the
plains around the south end of Ruwenzori and in the Semliki Valley near Lake Edward.
It seemed to frequent the acacia-trees almost exclusively.—R. B. W.|
SYLVIELLA DENTI Grant. (Plate XIII. fig. 3, 3.)
Sylviella denti Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 25 (1906).
Sylviella bates Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 319 [R. Ja, Cameroon ].
a. d. 10 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [No. 3539.
R. B.W. Type of the species. |
This species is most nearly allied to S. flaviventris Sharpe, from which it differs
chiefly in being somewhat larger; in having both mandibles entirely black; the back
dark olive without any brownish tinge; the feathers surrounding the eye and on the
cheeks whitish with black tips, giving these parts a distinctly spotted appearance; the
chest and breast dull olive-green and the belly and rest of the underparts pale yellow.
Iris hazel; bill black; feet reddish-brown. ‘Total length about 3 inches; wing 2;
tail 0°75; tarsus 0°66.
This species ranges to the Southern Cameroon, whence it has been described as
S. batest.
[The single example of Dent’s Crombec obtained near Fort Beni, on the edge of the
Kturi Forest, was the only one seen.—R. B. W.|
CAMAROPTERA SUPERCILIARIS (Fraser).
Camaroptera superciliaris Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 621 (1905).
a. 6. Nr. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 20th Oct. [No. 3637. R. B. W.]
Tris dark brown ; bill black; feet brown.
The discovery of this species in the Eastern Congo Forest greatly increases its
known range. It was known to occur in West Africa from the Gold Coast to the
Kamma River.
[This example of the Yellow-browed Bush-Warbler was the only one met with.—
R.B.W)
CAMAROPTERA GRISEOVIRIDIS (v. Miill.). (Plate XIX. fig. 10, egg.)
Camaroptera chrysocnemis Licht. ; Grant & Reid, Ibis, 1901, p. 648.
Camaroptera griseoviridis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 616 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 549
[Toro ].
a-c. 6 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 21st Feb. [Nos. 1249, 1250,
1251. D.C.)
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 365
d,e. d. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [Nos. 8279, 3285.
R. B. W.)
fw. 36 2 et ¢ 2 imm. Meno Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd— ore May. [Nos. 287,
d.
328, 339, 340. #. #. D.; 1510, 16, 1550, 1598. D. C.; 2322, 2355. Ga 3329
a. a.
3330, 3331, 3349, 3382, 3383, 3388, 3435. Rk. B. W.]|
y, 2. 2. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst & 27th June. [Nos. 408. R. E. D.;
ORS 22), 5]
Iris hazel; bill black; feet flesh-colour or light brown.
The egg figured forms part of Mr. F. J. Jackson’s collection.
[The Grey-breasted Bush-Warbler was very numerous on the plains all round the
mountains, but was never seen on Ruwenzori above 5500 ft. It was met with
throughout the journey across the Congo Forest, and was seen as far down the Congo
as Coquilhatville. Its habits are very similar to those of the Common Wren, and its
note, which is continually uttered, is almost identical with that of the Common
Stonechat.—R. B. W.|
STIPHRORNIS XANTHOGASTER Sharpe.
Stiphrornis xanthogaster Sharpe, Ibis, 1905, p. 476, pl. ix. [Cameroon] ; Reich. Vig. Afr.
il. p. 624 (1905) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 325.
a. ¢ (Pimm.). Nr. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 24th Oct. [No. 3642.
It Jee]
Iris dark brown ; bill black; feet grey.
An immature male assuming the adult plumage (?) has the upperparts strongly
washed with olive and the wings and tail in moult, the former being nearly complete,
while in the latter the feathers are all less than an inch in length. ‘The underparts
resemble those of the adult male, but many of the feathers of the chin and throat are
in moult.
This species was recently described by Dr. Sharpe from specimens procured by
Mr. G. L. Bates in Southern Cameroon.
[A single specimen of this beautiful Orange-breasted Bush-Warbler, the only one
seen, was obtained in the Congo Forest near Mawambi. It was hopping about among
the undergrowth.— fF. B. W.]
HY LIA PRASINA (Cass. ).
Hylia prasina Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 622 (1905) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 292.
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [No. 3569. R. B. WW.)
b. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 9th Aug. [No. 1768. D.C]
566 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
c,d. ¢. Nr. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 18th & 20th Oct. [Nos. 573.
IP, Jf, 1D), o BORIS IED Jee 5)
Iris brown, dark hazel, or chocolate ; bill dark brown or black; feet olive-green.
A male (No. 573) and a female (No. 1768) are marked “ breeding.”
Some important notes on this species will be found in my paper published on
Mr. Carruthers’s collection from the Upper Congo (‘ Ibis,’ 1908, pp. 292-293).
[This Tree-Warbler was met with in the Congo Forest throughout the journey ;
also in the Mpanga Forest to the east of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
PRINIA MYSTACEA Riipp.
Prinia mystacea Reich. Vég. Afr. iii. p. 590 (1905).
d.
ac. 6 2. Near Entebbe, 3500 ft., 20th-27th Nov. [Nos. 3. #. H. D.; 1006,
1114. D. C.]
d-g. 9 et ¢ imm. 80-120 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500-4000 ft., 2nd—8th Dec.
d.
Nos. 21,23) RH). 1027. D: C.;°3039: Rh Ba We)
h. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 5th April. [No. 231. &. #. D.]
i-n. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th-29th April. [Nos. 245, 252.
d.
R. E. D.; 1442. D.C.; 3278, 3295. R. B. W.] a.
o-v. 6 @. Mokia, S. E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8th-31st May. [Nos. 299, 356, 401.
R. EB. D.; 3887, 3341, 3376, 3414, 3415. R. BW]
w, 2. &. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 23rd July. [Nos. 2425, 2426. G. L.]
Iris hazel ; bill brown or black ; legs flesh-colour or brown.
A quite young bird has the brown colour of the upperparts washed with rufous,
and the chin, throat, and chest pale yellowish-white.
[The Tawny-flanked Wren-Warbler was numerous on the plains all around Ruwen-
zori, but was never seen on the mountains above 5000 ft. It seemed to frequent the
acacia-trees more than the grass, and when disturbed always flew to the top of a
neighbouring acacia-tree.—F. Bb. W.|
BURNESIA MELANOPS Reichenow & Neumann.
Burnesia melanops Reich. & Neum. Orn. Monats. iii. p. 75 (1895).
Prinia melanops Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 597 (1905).
a,b. 3 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [Nos. 3570, 310) (dL.
c. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 20th Jan. [No. 1171. D. C.]
d,é. 3. % e 5500 ft., 7th March. [Nos. 191, 192.
R. E. D.)
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 367
Iris yellow or light hazel; bill black; feet black or greyish-brown.
[A few examples of the Black-faced Wren-Warbler were seen in the Mubuku
Valley below the forest-line, but the species was decidedly rare there: at the north
end of the range it was numerous among the rough country and straggling forest at
6500 ft. It was also plentiful in the Mpanga Forest, E. of Ruwenzori, frequenting
the thick undergrowth, among which it might always be heard, but was very seldom
seen.— R. B. W.]
BURNESIA BAIRDI (Cass. ).
Prinia bairdi Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 597 (1905).
a,b. 6 2. 20 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 11th Aug.
[Nos. 3642, 3943. &. B. W.]
The birds from Fort Beni agree perfectly with typical specimens from Cameroon,
[Baird’s Wren-Warbler was plentiful in the Eturi Forest between Fort Beni and
Trumu, but it was not seen further west than Mawambi. It was usually found among
the dense vegetation on the edge of the forest around the native-clearings and
villages.—R. B. W.|
BURNESIA REICHENOWI Hartl.
Prinia reichenowi Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 595 (1905).
Burnesia reichenowt Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 549 [Toro]. :
a—c. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th-24th Sept. [Nos. 3559, 3610,
3611. &. B. W.]
d. §. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 23rd Jan. [No. 1184. D. C.|
Gils Qe $3 - 5500 and 6500 ft., 4th & 19th March.
[Nos. 183. R. #. D.; 3241. R. B. W.] a
g-k. 6 2. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft., 10th-19th May. [Nos. 1641, 1542.
D.C; 2368, 2372. G. ib]
i,m. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd July. [Nos. 1748, 1744. D. C.]
Iris bright chestnut ; bill black; feet reddish-brown.
| Reichenow’s Wren-Warbler was found on Ruwenzori up to 6500 ft., the lower limit
of the forest-zone, and inhabited the more open cultivated ground. It was also found
on the plains all around the mountains, and at Fort Beni on the edge of the Kturi
Forest. I have often heard this little bird singing beautifully, late in the evening and
in the early morning.—R. B. W.]
368 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family TurpDID&.
GEOCICHLA PIAGGIA (Bouv.). (Plate XIX. fig. 3, egg.)
Geocichla piaggie Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 683 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 543 [Ruwen-
zovi].
a,b. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 11th & 13th Jan. [Nos. 1132,
1149. D.C]
c,d. 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000 and 8000 ft., Ist & 24th Feb.
[Nos. 186. &. EF. D.; 1264. D. C.]
e. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 10th March. [No. 1511. D. C.]
Iris dark hazel; bill black; feet light brown.
The immature bird has the upperparts browner than in the adult, the feathers of
the head and back streaked along the shaft with pale rufous, and there is a V-shaped
black band at the extremity of the feathers on the cheeks, sides of the throat, chest,
breast, and flanks.
Two eggs are of a regular oval shape and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour is
pale greenish-blue, marked all over with small blotches and spots of chestnut and
purplish-grey. They measure respectively 1:1 <-78 and 1:05 x ‘76 inch.
Both eggs are considerably damaged, the female having been shot on the nest.
[The Central-African Ground-Thrush was met with on Ruwenzori at altitudes of
from 5000 to 9000 ft. It appeared chiefly to frequent the upper parts of the forest-
zone, but it was arare birdand seldom seen. A nest, found on the 10th of March at an
altitude of 8600 ft., was placed in the fork of a small tree about 5 feet from the
ground, and resembled that of the Blackbird. It contained two eggs.— Rk. B. W.]
TURDUS ABYssINIcUS Gmel.
Turdus abyssinicus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 689 (1905) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1906, p. 543 [ Ruwen-
Zorl}.
Merula elke Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiv. p. 19 (1903) [Ruwenzori] ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906,
p. 543.
Turdus baraka Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 687 (1905).
a-c. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-12,000 ft., 22nd-3lst Jan.
[WNos. 122. kh E.2D) > TSO. DiC eae bk. B.W.)|
df. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-12,500 ft, 6th-16th Feb
[Noss dod lon(petes ED 4 Oia V ei)
g-k. 6 2 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-9000 ft., 3rd—
30th March. [Nos. 1286. D.C.; 2206, 2208, 2260. G. L.]
Iris dark hazel or dark brown; eyelids yellow ; bill orange ; feet yellow or yellowish-
brown.
W. R. OGILVIH-GRANT—AVES. 369
I cannot distinguish the Ruwenzori birds, which have been named TZ. baraka, from
typical 7. abyssinicus. Dr. Sharpe, im a note in Mr. Jackson’s paper in ‘ The Ibis’ for
1906, states that he has arrived at the same conclusion.
[The Abyssinian Thrush has the widest range of any bird on Ruwenzori; it was
found in the hot tropical valleys at 6000 ft., almost side by side with its near relative
T. centralis of the plains, and was also met with all the way up the mountains to the
snow-line. One was actually shot on the Mubuku glacier, but unfortunately it fell
down a crevasse and was lost. The species was plentiful at 10,0 0 ft., and quite
a number were seen between 12,000 and 13,000 ft. An old nest was found at
an altitude of 11,500 ft.; it was placed in the fork of a tree-heath. This species
certainly breeds on Ruwenzori up to an altitude of 12,500 ft., and probably much
higher.—R. B. W.]|
‘TURDUS CENTRALIS Reichenow.
Turdus pelios centralis Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 690 (1905).
Merula centralis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 542 [Toro].
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 19th March. [No. 2218. G. L.]
6. 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 1451. D. C.]
c-0. 62 et ¢ 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd—24th May.
d.
d. d.
[Nos. 284, 285, 325. R. B. D.; 1484, 1507, 1508, 1525, 1597, 1621. D. C.; 3320,
3410, 3411. R. B. W]
p. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th June. [No. 1636. D. C.]
g. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [No. 2420. G. L.]
‘The majority of the specimens in the present collection, but not all, appear to be
slightly darker on the upperparts than typical examples of 7. pelios from Abyssinia.
[This darker form of the Ethiopian Thrush was met with plentifully at Entebbe and
throughout the journey to Ruwenzori. It was also found all round the foot of the
mountains and at Fort Beni on the edge of the Eturi Forest. It frequents almost
exclusively the banana-plantations and cultivated lands, and probably obtains much of
its food from the fresh deposits of irrigation. It was found in the lower valleys
of Ruwenzori up to 5000 ft., above which its place was taken by 7. abyssinicus.—
Ite 1B Wie
CALLENE ZQUATORIALIS Jackson.
Callene equatorialis Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 46 (1905) [Lumbwa |. .
a, 6. 2 et 2 imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 21st Sept. [Nos. 3558,
3605. R. B. W.]
The type-specimen, which was procured by Mr. Jackson at Kericho, in Lumbwa,
9
VOL. XIX.—PaRr Iv. No. 49.—WMarch, 1910. 3D
370 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
appears to be au adult male, but the sex is not indicated. ‘There are three adult
female specimens from Toro in the Jackson Collection which agree perfectly with the
adult female from Mpanga, and all differ slightly from the type in having rather more
white on the middle of the breast—a difference which is probably due to sex, or may be
individual.
This species is easily distinguished from C. cyornithopsis Sharpe, from Cameroon, by
its rust-red flanks and under tail-coverts.
[A few of these little birds were found in the Mpanga Forest, where they appeared
to inhabit the undergrowth only.—R. B. W.]
CossYPHA ARCHERI Sharpe. (Plate XVI. fig. 2, 3.)
Cossypha archert Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xi. p. 9 (1902) [Ruwenzori].
a-c. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 5th-26th Jan. [Nos.
d.
1096, 1148, 1185. D. C.]
d-h. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-11,000 ft., 2nd—23rd Feb. [Nos.
AS Jie TO JOB PLSD, Er 048 3159, 31165, 3L76) RB. Wi
i, k&. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-8000 ft., 8th & 18th March.
[Nos. 1307. D. C.; 3233. Rk. B. W.)
This species was first described from a male procured by Mr. Geoffrey Archer. The
female does not differ in plumage from the male, but is slightly smi.ller—wing 2°75—-2°9
inches.
[Archer's Robin-Chat was found on Ruwenzori from 6000 ft. up to 13,000 ft. It
was one of the few birds that were fairly numerous in the bamboo-zone. It has a
curious melancholy piping note, like a cart-wheel which wants oil and creaks each time
it comes round to a certain spot. It frequents the undergrowth only and is never seen
up in the trees.—R. B. W.]
CossYPHA HEUGLINI Hartl.
Cossypha heuglini Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 758 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 544 [Toro].
a,b. 6 2. 120-150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 9th & 11th Dec. [Nos. 2027.
Gi, Jhs3 BUOM Ite Le i/o
c, d. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 20th Jan. [No. 2101, 2102. G. Z.]
e. d imm. ms “4 i 27th March. [No. 225. R. LE. D.|
ih 2 Maman, Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No.2 97. G. L.]
g-g. 6 2 et ¢ Qimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8rd—26th May. [Nos.
ante Gy) ah d.
345, 367, 368, 378, 381. R. BE. D.; 1487, 1512, 1526. D. C. ; 3385, 3392. Rk. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 371
d.
rv. g et ¢ Qimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-16th June. (Nos. 404,
412, 420, 435, 465. RB. B. D.; 3460, 3489. B. B. W.]
Iris brown or dark hazel; bill and feet black.
Immature birds have the greater wing-coverts and innermost secondary quills narrowly
tipped or spotted at the extremity with pale orange-buff. The development of the
light chestnut nuchal collar and the colour of the mantle appears to be vary greatly in
different individuals, irrespective ofage; but, as a rule, the older birds have the mantle
greyer, while in younger examples it is strongly washed with rufous-olive.
{Heuglin’s Robin-Chat was seen throughout the journey from Entebbe to Ruwenzori.
It was very plentiful on the plains around the south end of the mountains, but was
never seen on the range above 5500 ft. This bird has some wonderful flute-like notes,
but too disconnected to be really called a song.—f. B. W.)
CossYPHA BARTTELOTI Shelley.
Cossypha bartteloti Shelley, Ibis, 1890, p. 159, pl. v. [Yambuya].
Cossypha cyanocampter bartteloti Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 758 (1905).
a. d. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 3587. Rk. B. W.]
Tris dark brown ; bill black ; feet dark brown.
This specimen, a fully adult male, resembles the type of C. bartteloti from the Aru-
wimi River both in its paler coloration and smaller size. Culmen 0°75 inch, wing 3:2,
tail 2:6. The olive-brown feathers of the buck are fringed with dark bluish-slate-colour,
but in this respect it resembles a fine male example of C. cyanocampter (Bonap.)
from the River Ja, Cameroon. Most of the Cameroon birds have the chin, throat, and
breast darker cinnamon-rufous than in C. dartteloti, but this is by no means invariably
the case, and it seems that the latter form is barely separable from C. cyanocampter
except in size. C. periculosa Sharpe, from the River Danger, Gaboon, is another
doubtfully distinct form, with the mantle a trifle browner and darker than in typical
C. cyanocampter. The type-specimen appears to be fully adult and the slightly darker
colour of the back is probably individual.
In the type-specimen of C. dartteloti the middle tail-feathers are missing, and the figure
given in the ‘ Ibis’ is therefore misleading, as it represents a bird with a cinnamon-
rufous tail.
CossyPHA MELANONOTA (Cab.).
Cossypha verticalis melanonota Reich. Vog. Afr. ill. p. 762 (1905) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 124
[S. Cameroon ].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 21st Feb. [No. 1252. D. C.]
6. ¢ imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8th May. [No. 2349. G. L.]
3D 2
OTP) | ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
c. 2 imm. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft., 20th July. [No. 2418. G. L.]
Iris dark hazel ; bill and feet black.
This form differs only from C. verticalis Hartl. in having the mantle slightly darker.
Specimen @ is marked “breeding.” Specimen ¢ is a young female in a very
interesting stage of plumage: the feathers of the crown appear spotted, being rufous
margined with black, and amongst them a few white feathers of the adult plumage
are making their appearance. Specimen 0 is in nearly mature plumage, but the wing-
coverts are margined with greyish-brown and spotted at the extremity with pale rufous.
[A few examples of the Black-backed Robin-Chat were met with in the lower valleys
on the east side of Ruwenzori, but they were never seen above an elevation of 5000 ft.
and were rather rare birds. A single specimen was shot in the dry acacia-country at
the south end.—k. B. W.!
NEOCOSSYPHUS PRAPECTORALIS Jackson.
Neocossyphus prepectoralis Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 90 (1906) [Kibera, Toro] ; Grant,
Ibis, 1908, p. 300 [part., Mpanga] ; Alexander, Bull. B. O. C. xxiii. p. 15 (1908).
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th Sept. [No. 3553. R. B. W.]
The specimen procured by Mr. Douglas Carruthers at Kasongo, Upper Congo,
and provisionally referred by me to the above species, has now been separated by
Mr. Alexander under the name of WV. granti.
[The single example of this rare species shot among the dense undergrowth was the
only specimen seen.—k. B. W. |
ERYTHROPYGIA RUFICAUDA Sharpe.
Erythropygia ruficauda Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 773 (1905).
af. ¢ 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-19th May. [Nos. 292. R. H. D.;
1488, GO ab, Ole 2345, G. I; 3346, 3381. R. B. W.]
g-i. 6 et Simm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th-24th June. [Nos. 1665,
1676. D. C.; 3456. BR. B. W.]
Iris dark hazel or brown ; bill black, yellow at the base of the lower mandible ; feet
varying from brown to pale flesh-colour.
[Sharpe’s Chestnut-tailed Ground-Robin was not uncommon on the plains and dry
hills at the south end of Ruwenzori, wherever there were acacia-trees, and it was also
observed in the Semliki Valley. It has a short sweet song, generally uttered from the
top of an acacia-bush.—R. B. W.]
ERYTHROPYGIA HARTLAUBI Reichenow.
Erythropygia hartlaubi Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 775, pl. xxix. fig. 1 (1905).
Cossypha griseistriata Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xii. p. 8 (1902) [type examined: Kangow’s,
Toro].
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 315
a,b. ¢. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 15th & 22nd Jan. [Nos. 101,
W278, Sh Jd, IDS]
¢. 6. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist Feb. [No. 137. &. E. D.]
Iris dark brown or hazel; bill brown or black; feet brown or light brown,
Specimens 6 and ¢ are marked “ breeding.”
[A few examples of Hartlaub’s Ground-Robin were met with in the Toro district
and in the valleys on the east side of Ruwenzori up to 6000 ft. ‘These birds were only
observed among the elephant-grass and were by no means common. ‘Towards evening
one occasionally saw one of them perched on the top of a tall grass-stem, giving vent to
a succession of loud clear whistles, and I once saw one near the ground, bobbing up
and down on a grass-stem and going through a kind of dance, with its tail spread
out like a fan; but I failed to ascertain the cause, as there was no other bird near it.
Perhaps it was only joy at having found an open space among the endless elephant-
grass.— RP. B. W.}
ALETHE POLIOTHORAX Reichenow.
Alethe poliothorax Reich. Vég. Afr. ui. p. 746, pl. xxvii. fig. 1 (1905).
Alethe moori Alexander, Bull. B. O. C. xi. p. 37 (1903) [Fernando Po].
a. 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 13th Jan. [No. 2080. G. L.|
6. 3 vix ad. 3 FF 7000 ft., 30th Mar. [No. 2259. G. L.|
Iris reddish-brown ; upper mandible black, lower slate-grey ; feet slate-blue.
This species has hitherto been recorded only from Cameroon and Fernando Po.
Mr. Alexander has kindly lent me the type of A. moort Alex., which appears to be
synonymous with A. poliothoraxz, and closely resembles the Ruwenzori specimens. They
differ, however, in the following points :-—
Specimen a, which is obviously an immature bird, as is shown by its swollen gape,
has the general colour of the back deep orange-brown, rather than deep chestnut-brown,
and the crown is reddish-olive-brown instead of dark vandyke-brown. Specimen 6,
a somewhat older bird, has the back of a more chestnut tint, much as in the type of
A. moort, but the crown is reddish-olive-brown as in specimen @. ‘The underparts are
alike in all three specimens.
[Two examples of this rare Robin-Chat were obtained by Mr. Gerald Legge in the
forest-zone of Ruwenzori at an elevation of from 7000 to 8000 ft. ‘They were shot
while skulking along in the thick undergrowth. ‘The species has a curious harsh
note. It was not met with either in the Congo or Mpanga Forests.—R. B. W.|
ALETHE POLIOPHRYS Sharpe.
Alethe poliophrys Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 10 (1902) [Ruwenzori]; Reich. Vog. Afr. mi.
p-. 749 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1905, p. 544.
374 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a,b. 6 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft., llth & 16th
Janey (Nos. 1133. 09.5 3113. .h. Bei
c-e. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-8000 ft., 9th-24th Feb. [Nos. 1223,
d.
1225, 1265. D.C]
f-l. 6 2 et ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 7000-9000 ft., Ist-24th March.
[Nos. 195, 196, 197. RB. E. D.; 1277. D. C.; 2212, 2237. G. ib]
Iris dark brown, chestnut, or dark hazel; bill black; feet whitish, pale flesh, or pale
brown.
The type-specimen of this very distinct species was procured by Mr. Geoffrey Archer
during his short visit to Ruwenzori in February 1902.
[The Grey-eyebrowed Robin-Chat was found on Ruwenzori at elevations of from
6500 to 9000 ft., frequenting the forest-zone and the lower edges of the bamboo. It
appeared to be particularly fond of the soldier-ants and might often be seen attacking
a cclumn of these insects as they crossed a path or open spot. Whether it really ate
the ants, or merely snatched away the eggs they were carrying, was a point we could
never decide; probably the eggs were the attraction, for it seems difficult to imagine
anything more unsatisfactory than a meal of angry soldier-ants— FR. B. W.|
ALETHE WoosNAMI Grant. (Plate XV. fig. 1, 3.)
Alethe woosnami Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 24 (1906).
a. 6. Eturi Forest near Irumu, 3000 ft., 18th Aug. [No. 3550. R. B. W. Type
of the species. |
In general appearance the adult male of this species is similar to A. diademata
(Bonap.), but is rather larger and has all the tail-feathers black to the tip. ‘The upper-
parts, especially the lower back and rump, are more rufescent.
The iris is hazel, the bill black, and the feet grey. ‘Total length 7:2 inches;
wing 3°9; tail (in moult) 3°15; tarsus 1-05.
[A single specimen of Woosnam’s Robin-Chat, the only one seen, was obtained at
the bottom of a densely-wooded valley which joins the Eturi Forest near Irumu.—-
B. BW)
ALETHE CARRUTHERS! Grant. (Plate XV. fig. 2, ¢.)
Alethe carruthersi Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 25 (1906).
a. ¢. 150 miles W. of Entebbe, 5000 ft., 12th Dec. [No. 1059. D.C. Type of
the species. |
b,c. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th & 21st Sept. [Nos. 3597,
3597. &. B. W.)
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 375
d. 3. 20 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 11th Aug. [No. 1772.
JD), GI
This species is most nearly al ied to A. castanonota Sharpe, but has the upper-
parts darker and of a more reddish-brown colour, instead of bright chestnut, the
throat pure white, the chest and sides brownish-buff, and the middle of the breast
and belly white. Iris dark hazel or chocolate ; bill black ; feet pale brown.
é. Total length 6-0 inches; wing 3°65; tail 2°15; tarsus 1-05.
There are two female examples of this species from Toro in Mr. Jackson’s collection.
?. Total length 6-0 inches; wing 3:4; tail 2°25; tarsus 1-05.
[Carruthers’s Robin-Chat was decidedly a rare bird. A few examples were met with
in the Eturi Forest and in the Mpanga Forest to the east of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.|
PRATINCOLA RUBETRA (Linn.).
Pratincola rubetra Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 731 (1905); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 545.
a,b. 2 et 2 imm. 40 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th Nov. [Nos. 12. R. E. D.;
3012. R. B. W.)
c-g. 6 9 et dg imm. 90-150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 4th-llth Dec. [Nos.
36. R. H. D.; 2019. G. £.; 3028, 3037, 3004. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
[The Whinchat was seen during the march from Entebbe and in the Toro district.—
R.B.Wid
PRATINCOLA SALAX Verr.
Pratincola salawy Verreaux, Rev. Mag. Zool. 1851, p. 307 [Gaboon]; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii.
p. 733 (1905).
Pratincola axillaris Shelley, P. Z. S. 1884, p. 556 [Kilimanjaro : type examined].
Pratincola salax pallidigula Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 734 (1905) [Buea, Cameroon].
a. 3d. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 3001. &. B. W.]
b,c. 6. 120-150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 8th & 11th Dec. [Nos. 3045, 3055.
R. B. W.]
df. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Ist-19th Jan. [Nos. 60.
R. HE. D.; 2053, 2098. G. L.]
g,h. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 20th Feb. [Nos. 1247, 1248.
DG
7. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 19th March. [No. 1383. D. C.]
Tris dark hazel or dark brown; bill and feet black.
The chestnut band across the chest, bordering the black neck, varies greatly in extent
in different individuals, quite irrespective of season. In most specimens it is well
defined and about half an inch in width, but in some it is much reduced or represented
376 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
only by rufous edges to the black feathers at the base of the neck. It would seem as
though the examples in which the chestnut has nearly disappeared were very old birds,
for a quite young male in first plumage, with the wing-coverts margined with pale
rufous and the breast and belly strongly washed with the same colour, has a wide
chestnut band across the chest.
Mr. Carruthers procured a somewhat remarkable specimen (No. 1248). It is marked
«9 .” The upperparts resemble those of the normal adult female, but are somewhat
darker. ‘The sides of the head, cheeks, and chin are sandy-brown, much lke those of
the ordinary female, but the throat and fore-neck are black as in the male; there is a
chestnut band across the chest, and the rest of the underparts are white. ‘This indi-
yidual does not appear to be a young male, and there can be little doubt that it is an
instance of a very old female assuming plumage like that of the male. Similar instances
have been recorded. In Sokotra, I myself procured an undoubted female of Savicola
montana Gould in male plumage (cf. Nat. Hist. Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri, p. 42).
A female of P. salav from Kenya, shot by Dr. R. E. Drake-Brockman, approaches
the bird procured by Mr. Carruthers, having the feathers of the throat and fore-neck
black, mixed with sandy-brown, but in other respects it is similar to normal females.
From typical P. salar from Gaboon Dr. Reichenow has separated the bird found at
Buea, Cameroon Peak, under the name of P. s. pallidigula, disregarding the fact that
Captain Shelley’s name P. aaillaris was given to the bird from the same locality
(Cameroon, 7000 ft.) and has many years’ priority. The latter is added to the synonymy
of P. salax, to which P. pallidigula is certainly also referable.
[This Stonechat was met with throughout the journey from Entebbe to Ruwenzori,
and was found on the mountains as high as 6500 ft., where the forest commences —
R. BW
MyYRMECOCICHLA NIGRA (Vieill.).
Myrmecoeichla nigra Reich. Vg. Afr. i. p. 706 (1905) [part.] ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 299
[Upper Congo]. :
a-c. 6 2. 40-50 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 27th & 28th Nov. [Nos. 13, 14.
1, J ID, BOW 185 185 Vio
d-g. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-24th May. [Nos. 297. R. H. D.;
2330, 9371, G. L.; 3393. R. B. W.]
h,i. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th-13th June. [Nos. 436, 454.
R, E. D.|
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
The characters which distinguish this Black Chat from WM. arnotti (Tristr.) are fully
set down in my paper published on Mr. Carruthers’s collection and referred to above.
‘Though united under one heading by Dr. Reichenow they are really very distinct
species.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. ei ts
[The Black Bush-Chat was seen near Entebbe and during the march to Ruwenzori.
It was plentiful on the plains all round the mountains, especially at the south end, but
was never found above 5000 ft— kk. B. W.|
Family TIMELIID A.
CRATEROPUS KIRKI Sharpe.
Crateropus jardinei kirki Reich. Vog. Afr. iti. p. 659 (1905).
Crateropus jardinei hypostictus Cab. & Reich.; Reich. t. c. p. 660.
a,b. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 4th Dec. [Nos. 25, 26. R. HE. D.]
c,d. 2 et 2 imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 24th & 28th April. [Nos.
234, 249. R. H. D.|
e-l. 6 2 et 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—5lst May. [Nos. 362,
399. R. H. D.; 1495, 1496, 1509. D. C.; 2314, 2318. G. £.]
Adult. Iris yellow; bill and feet black.
Immature. Iris dark grey ; bill black ; feet brown.
This species differs from C. jardinei Smith, from 8. Africa, in being altogether some-
what smaller. Immature birds have the breast and belly pale brownish-white,
slightly washed with rufous on the sides, and exhibit a stage of plumage which
Dr. Reichenow has regarded as representing a separate subspecies, C. jardinei kirki.
His C. 9. hypostictus is founded on the adult of this form, which must be known as
C. kirki, that name having priority.
The type of C. kirki is an immature bird from Mazaro, near the mouth of the
Zambesi.
In four adult males the wing-measurement varies from 3°75 to 4 inches.
In five adult females the wing-measurement varies from 3°9 to 4:1 inches.
In three immature females the wing-measurement is 3°85 inches.
In typical C. yardinet the wing-measurement varies from about 4°3 to 4°00 inches.
CRATEROPUS SHARPE! Reichenow.
Crateropus melanops sharpet Reich. Vog. Afr. 111. p. 661 (1905).
Crateropus sharpti Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 541 [Toro].
a. d. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 7th Dec. [No. 32. &. £. D.]
b,c. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th & 30th April. [Nos. 2284, 2305,
G. L.|
d,e. 6. Mckia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 28th May. [Nos. 380, 388.
18s 13, 1D)
fig. 6 2. Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 14th & 15th June. [Nos. 456. R. E. D.;
2396. G. L.|
VOL. XIX.—ParT Iv. No. 50.—WMarch, 1910. 3E
378 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Tris white; bill black ; feet black or brown.
[Both Kirk’s and Sharpe’s Babbling-Thrushes were seen throughout the journey from
Entebbe to Ruwenzori. ‘They were very common birds in the acacia-country at the
south end of the range and in the upper Semliki Valley. They were always observed
going about together in noisy parties, and were very inquisitive-—&. B. W.|
PHYLLANTHUS CZARNIKOW! Grant. (Plate XVII. fig. 1, c.)
Phyllanthus czarnikowi Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 40 (1907).
a. 6. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 18th Oct. [No. 3633. R. B. W.
Type of species. |
Czarnikow’s Babbler is most nearly allied to P. bohndorffi (Sharpe), but differs in
having the forehead, fore-part of the face, and the chin black; the feathers of the
crown blackish, with grev margins; and the chestnut of the upper- and underparts
darker in colour. Inis claret-colour ; bill pale yellow; feet pale greenish-grey.
Total length ca. 8-5 inches; culmen 1:05; wing 46; tail 3:2; tarsus 1°45.
In the type of P. bohndorfi, which is no doubt an immature bird, the feet are
whitish (in the dry skin).
Mr. Alexander procured three examples of this species on the Welle River.
[The type-specimen of Czarnikow’s Babbling-Thrush was obtained in the Congo
Forest, and was the only one seen. It was shot among the dense undergrowth.—
R.B.Wi
MACROSPITENUS FLAVICANS Cassin.
Macrosphenus fluvicans Reich, Vog. Afr. ii. p. 615, pl. xxii. fig. 38 (1905); Sharpe, Ibis, 1908,
p- 117 [Cameroon ].
Macrosphenus zenkeri Reich. t. c. p. 615, pl. xxu. fig. 4 (1905).
a-c. 6 2 et d imm. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st & 23rd July. [Nos.
MO AU Rs Js JO Apatey, JD, |
d. 6. 20 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 11th Aug. [No. 506. &. #. D.]
Oe: Avakubi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 3ist Oct. [No. 3653. R. B. W.|
Iris yellow, dark brown in the immature male; bill black ; feet grey or bluish-ash.
There can be no doubi that, as has already been suggested by Dr. Sharpe, M. zenkeri
is founded on immature examples of MZ. flavicans. In addition to the young male
(specimen ¢) mentioned above, there is an immature female in the British Museum
procured at Efulen, Cameroon, by Mr. G. L. Bates, which agrees exactly with the
description and figure of I. zenkeri given by Dr. Reichenow.
(‘This Long-billed Bush-Warbler was seen only in the Congo Forest, where it was not
uncommon. It was usually observed climbing about among the tangled masses of
creepers which hung from the trees.—R. B. W.]
[o)
=I
we)
W. R. OGILVIH-GRANT—AVES.
TURDINUS FULVESCENS (Cassin).
Turdirostris fulvescens Cass. P. Ac. Philad. 1859, p. 54 (part.) [R. Camma].
Turdinus fulvescens Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p. 736 (1905) [part.] ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 120
[| Cameroon ].
Turdinus albipectus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 738, pl. xxx. (1905); Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 121
[ Cameroon }.
Turdinus bocaget Salvad. Boll. Mus. Tor. no, 442, p. 1 (1903) [Fernando Po].
Turdinus barake Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 90 (1906) [Toro].
Cape linumusE tun Korest, S000)tt, InthiOct ya |No 363 0sha baa
Iris brown; bill and feet dark horn-colour.
Dr. Reichenow has doubtfully referred 7. cerviniventris Sharpe, from Conde, near the
mouth of the Congo, to the synonymy of 7. fulvescens Cassin, the types of which were
procured by Du Chaillu on the Camma River, Gaboon. ‘The British Museum possesses
the type of the first-enamed species and two cotypes of the latter, also from the Camma
River (Du Chatilw), and on comparing these it is at once apparent that they belong to
two totally different species. I quite agree with Mr. Alexander in regarding 7. albi-
pectus Reichenow as synonymous with 7. fulvescens. ‘They are separated from one
another in Dr. Reichenow’s “‘ Key to the Species” by the length of the wing, which is
said to be 80 mm. long or more in 7’. fulvescens. This, however, is not the case and
the length is quite correctly given by Cassin as 3 inches (=76 mm.). In 7. albipectus
the wing is said to measure 73 mm.
The British Museum now possesses a series, both adult and immature, of typical
examples of 7. bocaget Salvad. from Fernando Po, and there can be no doubt that this
name must also be added to the synonymy of TZ. fulvescens.
In my opinion Dr. Reichenow has admitted far too many species of Zwrdinus, and
the bird he describes as 7’. bocagei is certainly the redder-winged, redder-tailed, and
whiter-breasted immature stage of 7. fulvescens (Cass.).
T. barake Jackson is no doubt also referable to T. fulvescens, and is founded on a
nearly adult female of that species. Mr. Jackson compared it with the grey-throated
T. jacksoni Sharpe, to which it is not very closely allied.
Adult males have the breast and underparts greyer, with less olive-brown on the
flanks and less white in the middle of the belly.
Adult females and younger birds have the sides and flanks olive-brown and the
middle of the belly white, sometimes very white in younger birds.
Younger birds have also the upperparts, wings, and tail much more rufous, and the
feathers of the breast indistinctly margined with brownish-olive, producing a iaintly
scaled appearance.
{This Babbler was plentiful in the Eturi Forest, where it frequented the darkest
parts and was generally to be seen in small parties of four or five individuals hopping
along close to the ground among the densest undergrowth and continually uttering a
dE 2
380 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
low twittering note. The birds always appeared to be following a definite course and
did not wander aimlessly about. Both in their habits and notes they exactly resembled
Alcippe jacksoni Sharpe, from Ruwenzori, but they were never to be met with on the
mountains, although found both to the east and west of the range.—R. B. W.]
‘TURDINUS CERVINIVENTRIS Sharpe.
Turdinus cerviniventris Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xii. p. 8 (1901) [Conde, Congo R.].
a. 5. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 21st Sept. [No. 3598. R. B. W.]
In many specimens of 7. cerviniventris the feathers of the throat have indistinct grey
shaft-streaks, producing a general greyish appearance. In others the throat is pure
white. I cannot see that this difference has any connection with either distribution or
age. Mr. Alexander has kindly sent me his fine series for comparison.
I may here remark that 7. reichenowt Sharpe [nomen emend., cf. Hand-l. iv. p. 33
(1903)] is a pure synonym of 7’. cerviniventris, being founded on T. rufiventris Reich.
(nec Salvad.) Orn. Monatsb. i. p. 177 (1893), a name given to specimens collected by
Dr. G. Zenker in Cameroon. The British Museum possesses two specimens procured
by the same collector in the same locality. These I have compared with the type of
7. cerviniventris from the Congo, and there can be no doubt that they belong to one
and the same species.
[A few examples of this Babbler were seen in the Mpanga Forest, Eastern Ruwenzori.
Its habits were similar to those of 7. fulvescens—R. b. W.|
TURDINUS PYRRHOPTERUS (Reichenow & Neumann).
Turdinus pyrrhopterus Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 738 (1905).
Turdinus jacksoni Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xi. p. 29 (1900) | Nandi].
Turdinus pyrrhopterus kivuensis Neumann, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 55 (1908) [Mufumbiro
Volcanoes]; Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 60 (1908).
a-d. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Rawenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 9th-18th Jan. [Nos. 98.
1, 19, ID, 2 VND, MAS, JOO. 2 BUS), 1h. Jee Za)
e, f. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 7th & 24th Feb. [Nos.
NAO; WAG, WD, Cs)
gh. 6 &. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000-8000 ft., 20th & 22nd March. [Nos.
3246, 3250. Rk. B. W.]
i. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 8th April. [No. 3269. h. B. W.]
Iris light brown or reddish-brown; bill blackish or grey, lighter on the lower
mandible ; feet slate-grey or brownish-grey.
Professor Neumann has separated a specimen from Mt. Sabjingo (Sabyino), Mufumbiro
Volcanoes, under the name of 7. p. kivwensis on account of its supposed greyer head,
and has referred all the Ruwenzori specimens to that subspecies, When, however,
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 381
these latter were laid out in a series with typical specimens of 7. pyrrhopterus from
Nandi and the Mau escarpment it was found impossible to separate one from the
other,
Younger birds have the crown of the head washed with olive, while in the oldest
examples the grey colour predominates on this part.
[Jackson’s Babbler was met with on Ruwenzori from 6500 up to 9000 ft. It in-
habited the forest-zone and was occasionally seen in the lower parts of the bamboo. It
was usually met with in small parties of four or five individuals, which hopped along
close to the ground among the densest undergrowth and continually uttered a low
twittering note. ‘They always seemed to be travelling im a definite direction. Their
habits and notes exactly resembled those of Vurdinus fulvescens from the Eturi Forest.—
R. BW.)
_'Turpinus arricers Sharpe.
Turdinus atriceps Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 10 (1902) [ Ruwenzori}]; Reich. Vég. Afr. iii.
p. 740 (1905); Jackson, Lbis, 1906, p. 541 [Ruwenzori]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 30
{ Mufumbiro Volcanoes ].
a-g. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 2nd—20th Jan. [Nos. 95,
d.
116. #. #. D.; 2076. G. L.; 3063, 3087, 3092, 3093. &. B. W.|
hl. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-8000 ft., 10th-26th Feb. [Nos.
d. d.
W272, 10), (0,9 PAL, Cre Poa ILE ele), Je JS 4)
m-s. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-8000 ft., 8th—24th March. [Nos.
1304, 1309. D.C; 2216, HBA OM, E, Ts 3193, 3238. R. B. W.]
t. 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [No. 3527. R. B. W.|
Iris dark brown or dark hazel ; bill black ; feet slate-grey or in one example (No. 116)
olive-brown.
[The Black-headed Babbler was found on Ruwenzori from 6500 to 9000 ft., frequent-
ing the forest-zone and occasionally the lower part of the bamboo. In habits it much
resembles 7’. pyrrhopterus, going about in small parties of four or five individuals.
They hop along through the ferns and tangled vegetation, all following the same
direction, and from time to time utter a low twittering note, exactly like that of a
Swallow when in search of a nesting-site. This bird also has a most beautiful
clear song, which was generally uttered from high up in some dense mass of tangled
creepers.—L. B. W.|
BATHMEDONIA JACKSONI (Sharpe).
Bathmocercus gacksoni Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 10 (1902) [ Kibera, Toro].
Bathmedonia jacksoni Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 542.
Bathmedonia rufa Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 742 (1905) [part.].
382 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a-e. 6 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th—24th Sept. [Nos. 502.
Rk. E. D.; 3560, 3603, 3604, 3614. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown or dark hazel ; bill black; bare skin on the throat blue; feet grey
or blue-grey.
Though closely allied this species is certainly not synonymous with B. rufa Reich.
In addition to the differences already pcinted out by Dr. Sharpe (cf. ‘Ibis,’ 1906, p. 542),
I may mention that in B. jacksoni the black on the forehead extends rather further
back, to the posterior margin of the eyes, and the belly, sides, and flanks are washed
with olive, as in younger examples of B. rufa from Cameroon, In adult specimens
of B. rufa these parts are nearly uniform dark grey.
The females of the two species differ even more than the males, the light creamy
border to the black feathers of the throat and breast in B. jacksoni being dull olive in
Bb. rufa.
[Jackson’s Bush- Warbler was plentiful in the Mpanga Forest, EK. of Ruwenzori. It
frequented only the low undergrowth, especially in low-lying damp places, and was never
seen on the range.—R. B. W.|
Family PycNONOTID 4.
CRINIGER CALURUS (Cassin).
Criniger calurus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 382 (1904); Grant, ibis, 1908, p. 304 [ Kasongo,
Upper Congo].
a. 6. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 18th Oct. [No. 3636. R. B. W.]
b. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [No. 1734. D. C.]
Iris dark grey or chestnut; bill dark grey, blacker on the culmen; feet grey.
This species was known only from West Africa, until Mr. Carruthers procured two
specimens on the Upper Congo.
[Two specimens of Du Chaillu’s Bulbul were obtained in the Eturi Forest, but it
appeared to be rather uncommon.—Af. B. W.|
XENOCICHLA KIKUYUENSIS Sharpe. (Plate XIX. fig. 20, egg.
Xenocichla kikuyuensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 118 [Kikuyu].
Bleda kikuyuensis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 539 [Ruwenzori].
Phyllastrephus kikuyuensis Reich. Vog. Afr. ui. p. 893 (1904),
a-u. ¢ 2 et ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500-9000 ft., 4th-18th Jan.
Guana: a. a, a. d. d.
(Nos. 77; 97; 99. A. # Ds. 04 MOST, 1119, ole sD) C2055) 205820045
d. d. Gh
2077, 2094, 2097. G. L.; 3085, 3094, 3095, 3102, 3115, 3118. Rk. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 383
v,w. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000 ft., Ist-3rd Feb. [Nos. 1208,
ALG, JD), C]
Iris dark brown; bill black; feet olive-brown, greenish-brown, or brown.
The genera forming this section of the Pycnonotide are greatly in need of revision ;
at the present time the species included in them are in a state of confusion. For
instance, such birds as the present species and Xenocichla albigularis Sharpe are both
placed by Reichenow in the genus Phyliastrephus, though structurally they are very
different.
An egg of this species is of a rather blunt oval form and slightly glossy. The
ground-colour is pinkish-white, heavily blotched and clouded with dark brown
and leaden-grey, and with a few indistinct spots of deeper brown. It measures
WIG S< arb thal,
[The Kikuyu Bulbul is the most plentiful bird found on Ruwenzori. It frequents
the forest-zone, but was found in the valleys as high as 10,000 ft. It is not a shy bird
and was continually turning up in unexpected places, in the darkest and densest
undergrowth, in the tops of the tallest trees, and in the bam boo-jungles. Although
really one of the most familiar birds to us, it seemed to have a singularly unfortunate
gift of continually appearing to be a quite different bird, and for this reason was con-
stantly being shot by mistake. A nest found on the 4th of March, 1907, on Ruwenzori
at 8000 ft., was placed in the undergrowth about 5 ft. from the ground and was composed
of fine roots, grass, and moss ; the female was sitting on a single egg.—#. B. W.|
XENOCICHLA LECCOLAMA Sharpe.
Aenocichla leucolema Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 10 (1902) [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908,
p- 802 [ Kasongo, Upper Congo].
Phyllastrephus albigularis Reich. (nec Sharpe) Vog. Afr. ui. p. 400 (1904) [ part. ].
Bleda albigularis Sharpe (nec Sharpe, 1881), Ibis, 1907, p. 459 [Camerocn |.
a. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 1755. D. C.}
Iris dark hazel ; bill black ; feet grey.
As already remarked (‘ Ibis,’ 1908, p. 302), this species appears to be distinct from
Xenocichla albigularis Sharpe (Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 103, pl. vii. fig. 1 (1881)] from
Fantee, which is a very much smaller bird. So far as I am aware, the latter is only
known from the type-specimen, of which the sex is not indicated.
XENOCICHLA L&TISSIMA Sharpe.
Andropadus letissimus Sharpe, Bull. B. 0. C. x. p. 27 (1899) [Nandi] ; Reich. Vg. Afr. iii.
p. 410 (1904).
a-c. § 9. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft. 14th-19th Sept. [Nos. 538.
Rh. E. D.; 3562, 3574. Rk. B. W.]
joe ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
The bill of the female is considerably shorter than that of the male.
¢. Culmen from nasal vpening to tip 0°50 inch; wing 4:3 ; tail 3-9.
Or is Ms yy OPS 48) on | Ae 5 ae,
Iris hazel or dark chestnut; bill black ; feet grey or light green.
[This handsome Yellow Bulbul was very plentiful in the Mpanga Forest, east of
Ruwenzori. They appeared to frequent the tree-tops exclusively and were never seen
among the undergrowth. They have a very beautiful clear song of great volume,
I think the finest I have ever heard in Africa.—R. B. W.]
BiepA woosnaMi Grant. (Plate XVII. fig. 2, ¢.)
Bleda woosnami Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 87 (1907).
a-e. 6 9. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th-23rd Sept. [ Nos. 515, Soa.
508. &. E. D.; 3584, 3596 *. R. B. W.]
This species is most nearly allied to B. syndactyla (Swains.), but the bill, especially
in the male, is much shorter and the yellow on the throat and underparts is of a much
-brighter colour. Iris hazel; bill grey; feet dull flesh-colour.
3. Total length 8-8 inches ; wing 4°2—4:30; tail 3-8-4:1; tarsus 1-15.
QD. CROnPeLUEyN 3 dO SOO Ry Moto— one eummenig lalc(e
[A few examples of Woosnam’s Yellow Bulbul were met with in the Mpanga Forest,
east of Ruwenzori. ‘They were always seen in the tall undergrowth, and not in the
trees. Late in the evening I once or twice heard this bird attempting to sing, but the
result was only a combination of several harsh loud notes.—R. B. W.|
ANDROPADUS INDICATOR (Verr.).
Phyllastrephus indicator Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 390 (1904).
Bleda indicator Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 539 [Toro]; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 460 [Cameroon ].
Bleda batesi Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiv. p. 19 (1903) [S. Cameroon] ; id. Ibis, 1904, p. 634.
a. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 3592. R. B. W.]
b. 2. 80 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 15th Aug. [No. 3549.
Rk. B. W.|
é. Iris white; bill black ; feet dark grey.
2. Iris greenish-grey ; bill black ; feet dark grey.
Mr. Jackson has already called attention to the difference in the colour of the eye in
the male and female.
B. batesi Sharpe appears to be founded on immature birds, which have the outer
tail-feathers pure white. This is clearly proved by a female specimen [No. 290] from
the River Ja, received from Mr. Bates. This bird has the tail in partial moult—
one side retaining the feathers of the first plumage, which are pure white, while
* Types of the species,
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES, 385
on the other side the new feathers are half-grown and the outer pairs are tipped
with black.
[A few examples of the Honey-Guide Bulbul were seen in the Congo Forest near
Trumu and also in the Mpanga Forest east of Ruwenzori, but they were not common.
The specimens obtained were frequenting the tops of the very tall trees, and, if that is
their usual habit, it would account for so few specimens being obtained, as our collecting-
guns would not kill them at that height.—R. B. W.]
ANDROPADUS VIRENS Cassin.
Andropadus virens Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 412 (1904).
Eurillas virens Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 540 [Toro].
ab. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd & 23rd July. [Nos. 1738.
D. C.; 2430. G. L.|
Iris, bill, and feet dark brown.
This species and the larger paler A. zombensis Shelley, from Nyasaland, may be
‘distinguished from the allied forms, A. gracilis and A. curvirostris, by the shorter
broader bill; the throat too is yellow, like the middle of the breast.
[The Small Green Bulbul was very plentiful in the Congo Forest, but was not seen
on the mountains.—F. B. W.]
ANDROPADUS GRACILIS Cabanis.
Andropadus gracilis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 414 (1904) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 303 [Ponthier-
ville, Upper Congo].
Eurillas gracilis Sharpe, Ibis, 1904, p. 635.
a. S. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 9th Aug. [No. 1770. D. C.]
6. 3. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No.567. Rk. L. D.]
¢. 2imm. Nr. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 20th Oct. [No. 572. R. EL D.]
Inis dark hazel or dark brown; bill black ; feet olive or olive-green.
I am a little doubtful about the identification of specimen ¢. It has the general
colour of the breast brownish-grey with scarcely a trace of yellow, and the sides and
flanks warm olive-brown, while the middle of the breast and belly are white tinged
with yellow. In the adult of A. gracilis these parts are pale rather bright yellow, and
the breast, sides, and flanks are washed with the same colour.
I have already at some length drawn attention to the differences between this species
and A. curvirostris Cassin [cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1908, p. 303).
There are examples of this species in Mr. Jackson’s collection from Entebbe and
Kitunzi, Uganda.
[The Slender Green Bulbul was plentiful in the Congo Forest. We did not obtain
any examples of this species in the Mpanga Forest to the east of Ruwenzori, but it is
very likely to be found there. It has a low and very sweet song.—R. B. W.]
Lp)
VOL. XIX.—PaRt? Iv. No. 51.—WMarch, 1910. 3 F
386 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
ANDROPADUS CURVIROSTRIS Cassin.
Andropadus curvirostris Reich. Vog. Afr. in. p. 413 (1904) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 303.
Eurillas camerunensis (Reich.) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1904, p. 636.
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 22nd Sept. [No. 3608. 2. B. W.]
Iris hazel; bill black; feet olive-green.
ANDROPADUS LATIROSTRIS Strickl.
Andropadus latirostris Reich. Véog. Afr. ii, p. 414 (1904) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 304 [N.W.
of Lake Tanganyika].
Andropadus latirostris eugenius Reich. t.e. p. 415.
Eurillas eugenius Sharpe, Ibis, 1902, p. 114 [Mpanga Forest]; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 540
[Toro ; Ruwenzori].
Eurillas efulenensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1904, p. 636 [Cameroon].
a—c. 3 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th & 14th Sept. [Nos. 3554,
3565, 3566. R. B. W.]|
d-7. 6 2 et ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 7th-
d. d.
22nd Jan. [Nos. 120, 121. R. #. D.; 1130. D. C.; 2064. G. L.; 3084, 3091. Rk. B. W.|
k-n. 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 4th-24th Feb. [Nos. 2144,
2152, 2170, 2172. @. ib
0. gimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 24th March. [No. 2243. G. L.|
Tris hazel or dark brown; bill dark brown; feet brown or light brown,
I have already pointed out that A. ewgenius Reich. cannot be separated from typical
examples of A. datirostris from Fernando Po, and I may further remark that
E. efulenensis Sharpe is founded on immature examples of the same species; this may
be seen by the light colour of the bill and the less-serrated upper mandible. Adult
specimens from Efulen, Cameroon, which have more recently been received from
Mr. Bates differ in no way from A. latirostris.
[The Moustached Bulbul was plentiful in the forest-zone on Ruwenzori up to
8500 ft., and also in the Mpanga Forest and wocded valleys of the Toro district. It
can hardly be said to have a song, but keeps up a ceaseless twittering and chirping in
the tree-tops— #. B. W.]
PHYLLASTREPHUS SucosUS Reichenow.
Phyllastrephus cabanisi sucosus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 401 (1904).
Phyllostrephus sucosus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 541 [Toro].
af. ¢ 2 et 2 imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th—24th Sept.
[ Nos. 032, 533. R. H. D.; 3556, 3581, 3612, 3613. &. B. W.]
g. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 19th March. [No. 3245. R. B. W.|
W. &. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES, 387
Iris brown or olive-brown; bill brown; feet grey, dark grey, or greyish-brown.
Tam not quite satisfied about the identification of these birds. P. cabanisi was
founded by Dr. Sharpe on a description given by Cabanis of a Bulbul from Angola
allied to P. icterinus (tricolor): consequently there is no type-specimen.
There are three examples named P. cabanisi in the British Museum: one from the
Benito River and two from South Cameroon. If these long-billed specimens with
strong rictal bristles are correctly identified, they are certainly not very nearly allied
to the present species or to P. placidus (Shelley), both of which are considered to be
subspecies of P. cabanisi by Dr. Reichenow. The Mpanga birds are evidently nearly
allied to P. placidus, but are paler and more olive above, and much yellower on the
underparts.
A single specimen of this Bulbul was killed on Ruwenzori at 9000 ft., in the upper
part of the forest-belt, and a few examples were met with in the Mpanga Forest.
They were usually met with in the undergrowth or low down in the trees.— R. B. W.]
PHYLLASTREPHUS ICTERINUS (Bonap.).
Phyllastrephus icterinus Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 402 (1904).
Bleda tricolor Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 461 [Cameroon].
Criniger icterina Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 804 [Kasengo, Upper Congo}.
a,b. d 2. Nr. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [Nos. 570.
R. E. D.; 3629. B. BW]
¢. Iris grey; bill dusky; feet slate-colour.
?. Iris, bill, and feet brown.
[The Yellow-breasted Bulbul was not uncommon in the Congo Forest, but we did
not find it in the Mpanga Forest to the east of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
Ixonorus eurtatus Verr.
Izonotus guttatus Reich. Vég. Afr. 11. p. 416 (1904) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 463; Grant, Ibis,
1908, p. 302 [ Ponthierville, Upper Congo].
a. 3. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 29th Oct. [No. 3645. R. B. W.|
Iris dark brown ; bill brown; feet dark grey.
As already observed in my paper on Mr. Carruthers’ collection, this species was, so
far as I am aware, hitherto known only from West Africa.
[This Spotted Bulbul was one of the few birds we obtained out of the tops of the
tall trees in the Congo Forest. It was the only example of the species procured.
The ordinary -410-bore collecting-gun was almost useless among the tall tree-tops of
the Congo Forest and it was always a great surprise when a bird was shot —
R. BW
388 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
PycNONOTUS TRICOLOR Hartl.
Pycnonotus tricolor Reich, Vig. Afr. 11. p. 424 (1905).
Pycnonotus tricolor minor Heugl.; Reich. t. c. p. 421.
a-c. 6 &. 20-60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 26th-29th Nov. [Nos. 2007.
G. 1; 3008, 3016. RB. B. W.)
d. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 6th. Dec. [No. 2021. G@. L.]
é,f. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft. 30th &
[ Nos. 2037, 2044. G. L.] )
g-l. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 5th-28th Jan. [Nos. 107.
31st Dec.
R. BE. D.; 2057, 2104, 2121, 2122. @. ibe]
m,n. 6. Mokia,$.H. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 8th & 30th May. [Nos. 397. #. E. D.;
3332. R. B. W.|
o. 2. Nr. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 1782. D. €.|
Tris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
I am unable to recognize P. minor Heugl. as distinct from P. tricolor.
[Monteiro’s Yellow-vented Bulbul was plentiful throughout the journey from
Entebbe to Ruwenzori and was met with all round the mountains as far north as
Trumu. It was found on Ruwenzori up to 6000 ft., but not above that altitude.—
R.B. W.|
Family CAMPOPHAGIDA,
CAMPOPHAGA NIGRA Vieill.
Campephaga nigra Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 518 (1903).
Campophaga nigra Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 538 [Ankoli]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 304
[S.W. Uganda].
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th June. [No. 469. R. #. D.]
Tris dark brown ; bill and feet lack,
[A single specimen of the Black Cuckoo-Shrike was obtained in the acacia-country
at the south end of Ruwenzori.—Rk. B. W.]
CAMPOPHAGA PETITI Oustalet.
Campephaga petiti Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 519 (1903) [female].
Campophaga petiti Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 87 (1907) [male, Mpanga Forest |.
a. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 548. R. E. D.]
The adult male of this species is very similar to that of C. nigra Vieill., but is
distinguished by having the under surface of the quills blackish-grey, with or without
the faintest tinge of greenish-yellow on the margins of the inner webs. In C. nigra
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVEBES. 389
the inner webs are always conspicuously pale greenish-yellow. Iris dark brown; bill
and feet black. Total length ca. 8:0 inches; wing 4:1; tail 3:5; tarsus 0°85. The
single male procured by Mr. R. E. Dent is almost certainly referable to this species.
There is another perfectly similar specimen in the British Museum labelled ‘‘Gaboon
(P. Du Chaillu), Tweeddale Collection,” which has been wrongly identified as C. nigra ;
also an adult female from Angola, procured by J. J. Monteiro and doubtfully referred
to C. hartlaubi Salvad.
I have also examined in the Tring Museum two males and a female of this species,
which, like the bird described above, were also collected in the Mpanga Forest by
Herr R. Grauer: likewise a male from Nandi, Uganda, obtained by Dr. W. J. Ansorge.
[A single specimen of Oustalet’s Cuckoo-Shrike was obtained in the Mpanga Forest
i. of Ruwenzori. It was shot in the top of a tall tree —A#. B. W.)
GRaAUCALUS Cassius Licht.
Graucalus cesius Grant, Ibis, 1900, p. 171.
Coracina cesia Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 514 (1908).
Coracina pura Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 515 (1903).
Graucalus purus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 538 | Ruwenzori].
ag. 3d 2 et ¢d imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 4th—18th
a. d.
Jam, (ios, O83, OG, 7% 7% J0,e WISI, ISO), IOs, J0, Cl3 ARG. Cp Jog StS:
Tt J, YP
h-m. 3 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 3rd—18th Feb. [Nos. 142.
147. R. E. D.; 1232. D. C.; 2160. G. L.; 3146. BB. Wi]
m. 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 21st March. [No. 3248.
Ith, J Wo)
Dr. Reichenow and other ornithologists still continue to separate Kast African
examples of this Cuckoo-Shrike from typical G. cesius from South Africa. Of the
above, eight adult males have the wing-measurements as follows :—(1) 120 mm. ;
(e225 (8) 123 5) (4) Wo (2) ab:
In four adult females the wing-measurements are :—(1) 121 mm. ; (2) 123 ; (1) 127.
In the male type of G. purus Sharpe from Mount Elgon the wing measures 126 mm.
In typical examples of G. cesius from Cape Colony, &c., the average measurement is
about 127 mm., 7.e. about 2 mm. more than in G. purus, and it appears absurd
on that account to retain G. purus as a separate species. ‘There is no difference
in the colour of the plumage.
It has been stated by Dr. Sharpe (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1891, p. 121) that the white margins of
the quills in G. cesius distinguish that species from G. pwrus, which has the external
edges of the primaries slaty-grey like the back. But the fact is that the white edges
390 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
to the quills are characteristic of the young birds of this species, which ranges from the
mountains of Abyssinia to Cape Colony.
[The Grey Cuckoo-Shrike was not uncommon in the forest-zone of Ruwenzori from
6500 ft. to 8500 ft., but was never seen above or below that elevation. It had a very
curious note, a long-drawn feeble squeak, such as one would expect a mouse or some
very small bird to make; it resembled the note of a young Robin in autumn, but
had almost less volume.—R. B. W.]
GRAUCALUS AZUREUS Cassin.
Coracina azurea Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 516 (1903) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 457 [Cameroon ].
a 3. Irumnu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 17th Oct. [No. 3634. Rk. B. W.]
Iris dark claret ; bill and feet black.
This specimen seems to be referable to G. azureus, but is somewhat larger than any
of the West African examples in the British Museum. Wing 4°8 inches; tail 3°8,
[A single specimen of the Blue Cuckoo-Shrike was obtained in the Congo Forest,
and was the only one seen.—f. B. W.]
Family MuUSCICAPID &.
MELENORNIS PAMMELENA (Stanley).
Melaenornis pammelaina Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 441 (1903).
Melenornis pammelena Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 592 [ Baro River J.
d.
a-d. 6. Mokia, $.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 21st-24th May. [Nos. 369. R. H. D.;
2377. G. L.; 3397, 3409. Rk. B. W.]
e-g. @ et dimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th June. [Nos. 462, 463,
468. h. E. D.]
Iris brown; bill and feet black.
The males are somewhat larger than the females.
3. Wing 3°75—3°9 inches.
Be 4g. BO
[Stanley’s Cuckoo-Shrike was not uncommon in the acacia-country at the south end
of Ruwenzori and in the Upper Semliki Valley, but was not seen on the range. It
was breeding at the end of May.—R. B. W.]
BRADYORNIS MURINUS Finsch & Hartl.
Bradornis pallidus murinus Reich. Vig. Afr. ti. p. 486 (1908).
Bradyornis murinus Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 305 [ N.W. of Lake Tanganyika].
ad. 6 9 et @imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th & 27th April.
[Nos. 242, 243. R. E. D.; 2292, 2295. G. L.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 391]
[A few examples of this Robin-Shrike were seen in the acacia-country at the south
end of Ruwenzori in the middle of April. From the condition of the testes and
ovaries in the specimens examined they did not appear to be breeding. The species
was not subsequently met with.—f. B. W.]
ALSEONAX PUMILUS Reichenow.
Alseonax murinus pumilus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 459 (1903).
ah. 3 2 etd 9 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 1st-26th Jan.
d. d. d.
[INos. 67, 76, 131. RH. D.; 2047, 2073, 2093. G. L.; 3061, 3070. R: BL W_|
al. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500—10,000 ft., 21st-25th Feb. [ Nos. 167,
WSs I Va, JOS 1254. 1D. Gr)
m imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 16th March. [No. 211.
lite Jae, 1D)
n. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th May. [No. 3317. R. B. W.]
0. 2 imm. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 30th July. [No. 2441. G. £.]
Tris dark brown; bill dark brown or blackish, lighter towards the base of the lower
mandible; feet brown.
This bird seems to differ from typical A. murinus Fisch. & Reich., which was
described from the Meru Mountains, Massai, in having a paler abdomen, but in this
respect some Abyssinian examples appear to be indistinguishable.
[This small brown Flycatcher was found on Ruwenzori from an altitude of 5000 to
10,000 ft. It frequented chiefly the more rough open country among the cultivated
patches below the forest-line, and was generally to be seen perched on a post or on
the end of a dead bough, from which it could easily fly after passing insects.—
R.B.W)
ALSEONAX INFULATUS (Hartl.).
Alseonazx infulatus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 457 (1903).
a. d. Fort Portal, Uganda, 5200 ft., 4th July. [No. 3498. &. B. W.] a
bf. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 17th-25th June. [Nos. 1638, 1652,
1685, 1686, 1687. D. @]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
This species is new to the British Museum Collection. All the specimens which
have been named A. pumilus in the Jackson Collection are really referable to the
above.
[Hartlaub’s Brown Flycatcher was met with only in the papyrus-swamps and among
the tall reed-beds along the shores of the lakes.—R. B. W.]
392 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
ALSEONAX EPULATUS (Cassin).
Alseonax epulatus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 455 (1903) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 445 [Cameroon].
a,b. g et dimm. 30-40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 12th
& 13th Aug. [Nos. 3545, 3546. Rk. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill brown; feet yellow (adult male), light brown (immature male).
The immature male (No. 3546) has the secondary-quills, flanks, and upper tail-
coverts tipped with sandy-buff.
In the British Museum there is a typical example of this species from Muni River,
Gaboon (Du Chaillu).
{The small Slate-coloured Flycatcher was plentiful in the Kturi Forest, but was not
seen in the Mpanga Forest east of Ruwenzori, although A. comitatus was found in both.
It seemed to frequent the lower parts of the tall trees, especially where there was little
undergrowth.—R. B. W.]
ALSEONAX FANTISIENSIS Sharpe.
Alseonax fantisiensis Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iv. p. 131 (1879) [ Fantee].
Alseonax epulatus antisiensis Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 456 (1903).
a. 2. 40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 3547. Rk. B. W.]
Tris dark brown; bill brown ; feet black.
It is remarkable that this female example should have been shot by Mr. Woosnam
at the same spot where he obtained a young male of A. epulatus; but there seems to
be no room for doubt that this bird is the true A. fantisiensis, as is shown by the
ashy-grey colour of the upperparts and breast and by its black legs.
ALSEONAX COMITATUS (Cassin).
Pedilorhynchus comitatus Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 461 (1903).
Pedilorhynchus stuhlmanni Reich. t. c. p. 460.
Pedilorhynchus stuhlmanni camerunensis Reich. t. c. p. 461.
Pedilorhynchus camerunensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 447 [ Cameroon |.
«. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 48. &. #. D.|
6. ¢. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd July. [No. 3512. R. B. W.]
Dr. Reichenow has separated the Uganda and Cameroon birds under the above
headings, but I am unable to see any difference whatever between the above-mentioned
specimens and the series sent home by Mr. Bates. All are referable to Butalis
comitatus Cassin (P. Ac. Philad. 1857, p. 35), of which the British Museum contains
typical examples collected by Du Chaillu in Gaboon.
The wing-measurement (60 mm.), as given by Dr. Reichenow in his key to the
species, is misleading. Cassin perfectly correctly gives the wing-measurement of the
type of B. comitatus as 24 inches, which is equal to 63 mm.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 393
This bird looks like a large specimen of A. epulatus, which was also procured at
Fort Beni.
[Stuhlmann’s Flycatcher was numerous in the Eturi Forest and also in the Mpanga
Forest. Like A. epulatus it was always seen about the lower parts of the trees where
there were open spaces to pursue insects, and was never observed among the dense
undergrowth nor in the tree-tops.—#. B. W,]
STIZORHINA VULPINA Reichenow.
Stizorhina vulpina Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 467 (1903) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 305 [ Ponthierville,
Upper Congo ].
a. 2. 10 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [No. 1771.
DCS
6. 9. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 3628. Rk. B. W.]
c. 6. Mawambi, EK. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 31st Oct. [No. 580. R. H. D.]
Iris dark brown ; bill blackish; feet brown or light brown.
The differences between this species and S. fraseri have already been pointed out in
my paper on Mr. Carruthers’ collection from the Upper Congo, &c.
In the present specimens the wing-measurements vary from 3°65—3°8 inches.
[A few examples of this Chestnut Flycatcher were seen in the Congo Forest through-
out the journey from Jrumu to Basoko.—&. B. W.]
MuscicaPa TORUENSIS Hartert.
Muscicapa toruensis Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 37 (1900) [Toro ].
Alseonaz toruensis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 453 (1903).
a. $6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 28th Dec. [No. 2034. G. L.]
b-h. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., Sth—28th Jan. [Nos. 74.
a. a. a.
Ji Jé, JD,3 MNES ID, C53 USO, AUG. EF, Jb,g BOG, SOL, SOna. Le 1, 47.)
i,k. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-6000 ft., 5th & 17th March. [Nos. 187,
AV), Jt J, 1D.)
Iris chocolate or dark brown; bill bluish-grey, black towards the tip; feet very
dark brown or black.
One male example of the Toro Grey Flycatcher (No. 74) has the middle of the
breast and belly grey like the sides, whereas most of the specimens incline to whitish
on the middle of the belly.
[The Toro Flycatcher was found on Ruwenzori only below the forest-line; it was
not a common bird.—f. B. W.|
VOL. XIX.—PART Iv. No. 52.-—March, 1910. 3G
394 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
TARSIGER RUWENZORI Grant. (Plate XVIII. fig. 4, ¢ ; Plate XIX. fig. 19, egg.)
Pogonocichla orientalis Jackson (nec Fischer & Reich.), Ibis, 1906, p. 534 [ Ruwenzori].
Tarsiger ruwenzori Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 33 (1906) [| Ruwenzori} ; id. Ibis, 1908, p. 307
[ Mufumbiro Volcanoes |.
Tarsiger eurydesmus Reich. Orn. Monatsb. xvi. no. 3, p. 48 (1908).
a-l. 6 9 et ¢ Qimm. Mubuku Valley, Eastern Ruwenzori, 6000—-11,500 ft., drd—
31st Jan. [Nos. 1090, 1097, 1122, 1127. D. C.; 2062, 2068, 2069, 2197. @. L.;
31103, 314 SIA ere yy |
m,n. 6 etimm. Mubuku Valley, 7000-10,000 ft., 2nd & 24th Feb. [Nos. 2138.
Ge Jong Sus She Le Wa)
o. ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, 6000 ft., Sth March. [No. 188. Rk. E. D.]
This species is most nearly allied to 7. johnstoni Shelley, which it resembles in
having the outer webs of the secondary-quills margined with olive; but it is easily
distinguished by the conspicuous orange-yellow rump and upper tail-coverts, and by
having the yellow on the second pair of tail-feathers confined to the basal half of the
outer web, and the outer pairs widely tipped with black, about 0:7 inch in width.
Iris dark hazel; bill black ; feet olive-brown or greenish-brown.
é. Total length ca. 6:0 inches; wing 3:2; tail 2°7; tarsus 1-0.
OP uae . 8 gg 8 ay ROE S tewll oaks ass Oo
Specimen No. 3141, a male shot by Mr. Woosnam at 11,500 ft., is a very richly-
coloured bird, the mantle and back being of a more reddish-olive colour than in any
other specimen, and the breast and sides of a deeper orange-yellow.
Immature birds of this species have the head, mantle, chest, and breast spotted, the
feathers of the upperparts having a buff spot margined with black at the extremity,
while those of the underparts are pale yellow bordered with black. ‘The belly is pale
yellowish-white. The outer tail-feathers are quite differently marked from those of
the adult, being orange-yellow, dordered on both webs at the extremity with black,
whereas in the adult the whole terminal portion of the feather is black.
Mr. Carruthers obtained an adult male example of this species on the Mufumbiro
volcanoes.
Dr. Reichenow has recently re-described this species under the name of Tarsiger
eurydesmus.
Two eggs of 7. ruwenzori were procured in the Mubuku Valley, at an elevation of
8000 ft., on the 23rd of January. They are of a rather pointed oval shape and slightly
glossy. The ground-colour is white, finely freckled all over with light red and lilac-
grey, the markings being most numerous towards the larger end. They measure
[94 <C O11 0><-62uimch:
[The Ruwenzori Bush-Robin was met with from an altitude of 6500 ft. up to
12,000 ft. It was most numerous in the forest and in the lower part of the
W. R. OGILV1E-GRANT—AVES. 399
bamboo. It frequented the undergrowth only, and was never seen in the trees.—
R. BW)
PARISOMA PLUMBEUM (Hartl.).
Parisoma plumbeum Reich. Vig. Afr. iii. p.521 (1905); Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 807 (Ponthier-
ville, Upper Congo].
a,b. d et dimm. Mokia, §.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd May. [Nos. 276, 277
It, J 1D]
¢,d. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd July. [Nos. 1749, 1751.
D.C.)
e. 9. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 9th Aug. [No. 3537. R. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill black or dark grey ; feet dark grey or bluish-black.
A young male (No. 277) is in much the same stage of plumage as the bird described
from Mr. Carruthers’ collection in my paper quoted above. The female (No. 1751),
one of the pair shot on the 23rd of July, is in very worn plumage, the grey feathers
on the upperparts inclining to sandy-brown.
[A few examples of Hartlaub’s 'Tit-Warbler were seen on the plains at the south-
east end of Ruwenzori, and in the open clearings in the Eturi Forest, also near Fort
Portal, but they were everywhere rather scarce.—f. B. W.|
CHLOROPETA KENYA Sharpe.
Chloropeta icterina Sharpe (nec Sundev.), P. Z. S. 1900, p. 608 [Mt. Kenya, 10,000 ft. ].
Chloropeta kenya Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xii. p. 85 (1901) [Mt. Kenya, 10,000 ft. ].
Chloropeta natalensis kenya Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 465 (1908).
a-c. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000—-10,000 ft., 16th—31st Jan. [Nos. 134.
Jt Jd, ID, 8 NAVG, JD, 0,8 BUSS. i. 1.)
d. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 3rd Feb. [No. 143. R. H. D.]
e-h. 6 Qet Simm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 4th-23rd March.
[Nos. 1287, 1411. D. C.; 2213, 2214. G. L.]
2. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 12th April. [No. 3271. R. B. W.]
k. 3. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [No. 1761. D. C.]
Iris hazel or dark brown; bill blackish, lower mandible mostly yellowish-horn-
colour ; feet grey or greenish-grey.
The only difference between this species and C. similis Richmond [cef. ‘Auk,’ xiv.
p. 163 (1897)], which was obtained on Kilimanjaro at an altitude of 10,000 ft., appears
to be one of size, the wing-measurement being somewhat smaller, 2°15 inches. I may
here remark that Dr. Reichenow seems to have omitted all reference to C. similis (ef.
Vég. Afr. ii. p. 464), while Mr. Oberholser has identified it with C. kenya [cf. Pr. U.S.
Nat. Mus. xxviii. p. 912 (1905)]. I doubt the correctness of this identification for the
3&2
396 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
reason given above, and also because in the original description of C. similis the sides
of the face and ear-coverts are said to be of the same brownish-green colour as the
upperparts, whereas in C. kenya those parts are washed with yellow. It will be
necessary to compare typical examples of both forms before a definite conclusion can
be arrived at. ‘The shape of the wing varies in different individuals, and too much
reliance cannot be placed on it. In the present series the 3rd primary-quill is some-
times equal in length to the 8th and sometimes to the 9th quill.
Immature birds (Nos. 1287 & 2213) differ from the adults in having the upperparts
brownish-olive instead of dark greenish-olive, and the underparts paler yellow, the
chest and flanks being tinged with cinnamon.
C. kenya.
1 g (type of the species). Kenya. Wing 2:3 inches.
2g. Kikuyu Escarpment. Wing 2°35 and 2°45 inches.
5 g. E. Ruwenzori. Wing 2°3-2:45 inches.
3¢. BS ») 2°25-2°3 inches.
C. similis.
1 2 (type of the species). Kilimanjaro. Wing 2°15 inches.
[The Kenya Yellow Flycatcher was met with on Ruwenzori from an altitude of
7000 to 10,000 ft. It was most plentiful in the swampy parts of the valleys from 9000
to 10,000 ft., usually keeping to the dense undergrowth. It has a short and very low
but extremely musical song, which is most often to be heard late in the evening.—
R. BW)
CHLOROPETA MASSAICA Fischer & Reichenow.
Chloropeta natalensis massaica Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 465 (1903).
Chloropeta natalensis umbriniceps Neumann; Reich. t. c. p. 465.
Chloropeta massaica Jackson, Ibis, 1901, p. 91 [Nandi]; Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 82
(1906); id. Ibis, 1908, p. 807 [ Lake Kivu].
a. ¢imm. 140 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 10th Dec. [No. 1054. D. C]
6b. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 21st Sept. [No. 551. &. #. D.]
ce. 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 18th March. [No. 1371. D. C.]
d. 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 28th July. [No. 2438. G. L.]
e. 6. 60 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3500 ft., 16th Aug. [No. 1786.
DG)
Iris dark hazel ; upper mandible black, lower brown; feet varying from dark grey
to blackish.
A quite young bird (No. 1054) has the upperparts browner than in the adult, the
pale edges of the quills much wider and of a rufous-yellow colour, and the under-
parts, especially the chest, sides, and flanks, washed with cinnamon-buff.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 397
[The Massai Yellow Flycatcher was observed near Entebbe, all around Ruwenzori,
and in the Semliki Valley near Fort Beni. On Ruwenzori it was found up to an
elevation of 6000 feet, but not higher: at 7000 feet a very similar species, C. kenya,
takes its place and ranges up to 10,000 feet. Its favourite haunts are low-lying damp
places and valleys, where there are tall grasses or reeds and dense undergrowth.—
R.B.W)
CHLOROPETA GRACILIROSTRIS Grant. (Plate XVIII. fig. 5, 3.)
Chloropeta gracilirostris Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 33 (1906).
a. 6 imm. Mokia, S.BK. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th June. [No. 1623. D.C. Type
of the species. |
This apparently immature bird differs from all known species of Chloropeta in
having a longer and more slender bill and the feet and claws greatly developed.
The latter peculiarity is well shown in the accompanying text-figure 13, in which the
Text-fig. 13.
1. Foot of Chloropeta kenya Sharpe.
Dey Me 2 gracilirostris Grant.
foot of C. gracilirostris is compared with that of C. kenya, a species of about the same
size as regards the wing-measurement. It is most nearly allied to ©. kenya Sharpe,
from which it differs principally in its somewhat darker olive upperparts and in the
absence of a superciliary stripe. ‘The type-specimen has the edges of the flight- and
tail-feathers as well as the upper tail-coverts dull reddish-brown, and the lower back,
sides, and flanks washed with the same colour.
Iris dark reddish-brown; bill brown; feet black.
Total length about 5:4 inches; culmen 0°63, width at the base of the nostrils 0:2;
wing 2°5; tail 2:4; tarsus 1-0.
[A few of these Flycatchers were found inhabiting the dense papyrus-swamps and
reed-beds along the shores of Lake Albert. They were apparently rather uncommon,
but the difficulty of seeing birds which live in such situations may have misled us
in this respect.—R. B. W.}
398 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Batis ORIENTALIS (Heugl.).
Batis orientalis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 481 (1908).
a,b. ¢ 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 4th & 5th Dec. [Nos. 27. R. E. D.;
3029. Rk. B. W.)
c-g. $ 2 et 9 imm. Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-23rd May. [Nos. 1621,
1608. D. C.; 3315, 3362, 3363. R. B. W.]
h. 3. Mokia, $.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th June. [No. 3458. Rk. B. W.]
a. 6. Lower Semliki Valley, 2500 ft., 4th Oct. [No. 3626. Rk. B. W.}
Iris yellow; bill and feet black.
[| Heuglin’s White-flanked Flycatcher was obtained near Entebbe and in the acacia-
country at the north and south ends of Ruwenzori, but it was never met with on the
mountains above 5000 ft.—R. B. W.]
Batis PUELLA Reichenow.
Batis puella Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 483 (1903).
a-e. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 2nd—31st Jan. [Nos.
1128. D. C.; 2048, 2049, 2070, 2130. G. L.]
Iris bright yellow or greenish-yellow ; biil and feet black.
[The Sylph-like Flycatcher was found on Ruwenzori from an altitude of 6000 to
8000 ft., usually below the forest-line, It was breeding in January.—A. B. W.|
Batis piors Jackson. (Plate XVIII. fig. 2, ¢.)
Batis diops Jackson, Bull. B.O.C. xv. p. 38 (1905) [Ruwenzori]; Reich. Vog. Afr. in. p. 831
(1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 535 [ Ruwenzori].
a—-o. 6 §. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-8000 ft., 4th-20th Jan. [Nos.
Eada ed a. a. d.
92, 104, 119. R. EF. D.; 1100, 1108, 1144. D. C.; 3069, 3080, 3101, 3106, 3107,
3108, 3109, 3116. Rk. B. W.|
p. ¢. North Ruwenzori, 7700 ft., 28th Sept. [No. 560. k. H. D.|
Iris yellow or orange; bill and feet black.
It is remarkable that in this species the sexes are perfectly similar in plumage.
[Jackson’s Pied Flycatcher frequented the forest-zone from 6500 to 8500 it.,
where it was very numerous. It was to be found among the dense undergrowth and
also frequented high trees.—F. B. W.|
DIAPHOROPHYIA CASTANEA (Fraser).
Diaphorophyia castanea Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 490 (1903); Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 448
[Cameroon]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 306 [ Kasongo and Ponthierville, Upper Congo].
Diaphorophyia leucopygialis Fraser; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 535 [Toro}.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 399
a-d. 3 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th—20th Sept. [Nos. 545, 546.
R. E. D.; 3577, 3578. Rk. B. W.)
é,f. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st & 23rd July. [Nos. 493.
ii, Jd 10)8 Masil, ID Cs)
Tris plum-colour or mauve, wattle round the eye dark mauve; bill black; feet
mauve.
Mr. Bates has published some interesting notes on the habits of this species (¢f. ‘ Ibis,’
1905, p. 94).
[A few examples of Fraser’s Spectacled Flycatcher were seen in the Mpanga and
Eturi Forests, but they were rather uncommon. They frequented the undergrowth
and were never seen high up in the trees.—&. B. W.|
DIAPHOROPHYIA JAMESONI Sharpe.
Diaphorophyia jamesoni Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 493 (1903).
a-g. 2 et ¢ imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th—23rd Sept.
d. d.
[Nos. 518, 540, 555. R. BE. D.; 3572, 3573, 3579, 3580. Rk. B. W.]
h,i. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th & 24th July. [Nos. 1728,
1753. D. C.]
Iris dark brown; eyelid turquoise-blue; bill black ; feet mauve.
The female has the crown and the upperparts greyer than in the male, and with
less oil-green gloss.
Quite young males have the upperparts like those of the female, but with even less
greenish gloss. ‘The chin, throat, and upper chest are chestnut, darker on the sides,
and bordered posteriorly with a blackish band, and a few deep green feathers of the
adult plumage are mingled with the chestnut feathers of the throat.
[Jameson’s Spectacled Flycatcher was met with throughout the journey through the
Congo Forest from Irumu to Basoko. It was also found in the Mpanga Forest east
of Ruwenzori. It inhabits the darkest parts of the forest, where it usually frequents
the tall undergrowth and is never seen high up in the trees.—R. B. W.|
PuatysTiRa CYANEA (P. L. S. Miiller).
Platysteira cyanea Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 488 (1903) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 449 [ Cameroon |.
Platystira albifrons Sharpe, Ibis, 1873, p. 159 [ River Loge]. -
Platystewra cyanea albifrons Reich. t. c. p. 489.
Platysteira cyanea nyanse Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 210.
a. 2. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 29th April. [No. 3293. Rk. B. W.]
b,c. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd & 22nd May. [Nos.383. R. £. D.;
1479. D. C.]
400 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
d-f. 3 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 11th & 15th June. [Nos. 3165, 3478,
3485. Rk. B. W.]
g-k. 3 et ¢ imm. Fert Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st-24th July. [Nos. 1732,
ISB, pe JD, 653 BS, 18, Jo W/o]
i. gimm. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 4000 ft., 30th July. [No. 2443. G. L.|
Iris grey or dark grey; eye-wattle scarlet ; bill and feet black.
P. albifrons Sharpe appears to be founded on somewhat immature male examples
of P. cyanea. In the present collection there are males both with and without the
white forehead, shot at Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, and from Fort Beni there are males
clearly showing a transitional stage, in which the white band on the forehead is only
represented by a few white feathers.
Professor Neumann has recognized four subspecies of P. cyanea, but the differences
by which he characterises them seem to be of no value.
[These small Flycatchers were met with here and there all round the eastern and
south-eastern base of Ruwenzori as well as at Fort Beni on the edge of the Congo
Forest. Their note is a curious one, somewhat similar to that of Batis orientalis
Heugl., which consists of two low clear whistled notes, descending and with a
considerable interval between them. P. cyanea utters two very similar notes, but
adds a third and lower note the same number of semitones below the second that the
second is below the first.—R. B. W.]
MEGABIAS ASQUATORIALIS Jackson.
Megabias equatorialis Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xv. p. 11 (1904) [Entebbe and Toro]; id. Ibis,
1906, p. 5386 [Toro].
Megabias atrialatus equatorialis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 831 (1905).
a. %. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th Sept. [No. 523. R. E. D.]
Tris crimson; bill black; feet flesh-colour.
In this species the female has all the tail-feathers, except the outer pair, blackish
narrowly margined with chestnut, whereas in the allied M/. atrialatus Cassin all the
tail-feathers are chestnut. The males are practically indistinguishable.
Only one specimen was seen.
SMITHORNIS CAMERUNENSIS Sharpe.
Smithornis camerunensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1905, p. 469 [ ? only, River Ja, S. Cameroon]; id. Ibis,
1908, p. 451 [ River Ja].
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th Sept. [No. 3576. R. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; upper mandible black, lower white; feet light greenish-yellow.
A great deal of confusion has taken place over this species, which is nearly allied
to S. capensis Smith, but is somewhat smaller and has a much darker and more richly
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. AOL
coloured brown back, &c. ‘The sexes are similar in plumage in fully adult birds.
The type-specimen of S. camerunensis is a female. Dr. Sharpe made the mistake of
referring male examples of S. rufolateralis G. R. Gray from S. Cameroon to this species
(cf. ‘Ibis,’ 1905, p. 469); but on my pointing out this mistake to him it was
subsequently corrected (cf. ‘Ibis, 1908, p. 451). Mr. Bates had now procured a
number of males of S. camerunensis as well as females, and these do not differ in any
way from the type, except that the latter has the crown somewhat streaked, not
uniform as in the adult male and in the most adult females. The female specimen
from Mpanga is likewise perfectly similar to the type, both the wings and tail being
precisely the same length—wing 2°8 inches; tail 19. The specimen is evidently
a very mature bird, with the crown black like that of the male, the margips of the
median wing-coverts whitish instead of rufous-buff, and the under tail-coverts with
very narrow dark shatt-streaks. Among Mr. Bates’s birds there is a similarly marked
specimen (No. 1142) in very worn plumage, but the streaks on the under tail-coverts
are wider as in other Cameroon specimens. The sex of this bird was not ascertained.
It may be that the Mpanga bird represents a slightly different form, but more material
is required to settle the point.
[A few examples of the Cameroon Broad-billed Flycatcher were seen, or rather
heard, in the Mpanga Forest, but they were by no means common. ‘The note of this
little bird is, I think, the most remarkable I have ever heard, and it is impossible
to describe it satisfactorily. It is a kind of jarring noise, something like the sound
made by the Greater Spotted Woodpecker hammering upon a dead tree-trunk,
but very much louder and more resonant. I had often heard this sound in the
forest, but for a long time could not discover the cause of it. The natives said it
was made by a Colobus Monkey, but at last I had twice the good fortune to watch the
bird actually making the noise, at a distance of 15 yards from me. Had I not seen
and heard it so close to me, nothing would have persuaded me to believe that it
was not produced by a large animal. It was just the sound one would expect a
large Hornbill, such as Bycanistes swbcylindricus, to make. The bird was perched
on the end of a short broken bough, but it did not utter the sound from there.
At short intervals it flew suddenly up and hovered like a great hawk-moth by the
trunk of the tree with its beak almost touching the bark, and in this position gave
forth the extraordinary jarring note. I watched it do this twice in a minute in
exactly the same spot, and then, fearing it might escape, I shot it. The native who
had told me it was a Colobus was with me and seemed as much surprised as I was.
I have since wondered whether the sound is for the purpose of frightening insects
out of the bark or moss. Both 8. camerunensis and S. rufolateralis make this curious
sound.—i. B. W.]
Os
je]
VOL. XIX.—PaRT Iv. No. 55.— March, 1910.
402 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SMITHORNIS RUFOLATERALIS G. R. Gray.
Smithornis rufolateralis Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 471 (1908) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 452.
Smithornis camerunensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1905, p. 469 [ g, no. 456, Efulen, Cameroon J.
a. 6. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 30th Oct. [No. 5647. R. B. W.]
A male of this species procured in the Bugoma Forest, Unyoro, was presented to
the British Museum by Dr. C. Christy.
[Gray’s Broad-billed Flycatcher was met with throughout the journey through the
Congo Forest, but was not very numerous. It inhabits the darkest parts of the forest
where the trees are tallest, but does not frequent the tree-tops. Its note is exactly the
same as that of S. camerunensis Sharpe.—R. B. W.]
SMITHORNIS SHARPEI Alexander.
Smithornis sharpei Alexander, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 34 (1902) [Fernando Po]; id. Ibis, 1903,
p. 384, pl. vii.
Smithornis zenkeri Reich. Orn. Monatsb. xi. p. 41 (1908); id. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 724 (1903) ;
Bates, Ibis, 1905, p.95; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 452 [S. Cameroon ].
a. 36 imm.? 20 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 11th Aug.
[No. 1773. D. CJ
Tris dark hazel; bill black, lower mandible whitish ; feet pale green.
The description of the bird from Fernando Po was published by Mr. Boyd
Alexander on the 23rd of December, 1902, while Dr. Reichenow’s description of
S. zenkeri did not appear till 1903, consequently the former name has priority.
I have compared examples from Fernando Po with Cameroon specimens and they
appear to be perfectly similar.
Mr. Alexander (‘ Ibis,’ 1903, p. 885) has expressed the opinion that 8. zenkeri ditters
from S. sharpei, but with the material now available for comparison I cannot see that
this is really the case.
The specimen in the present collection does not appear to be fully mature: the bill
is less broad than in Cameroon birds in the British Museum ; the wing-coverts are
more conspicuously edged with rufous; and the white patch on the throat is tinged
with yellow. All these characters are probably signs of immaturity.
Mr. Bates, in his paper quoted above, gives some interesting notes on the habits of this
species. He mentions the loud rattling noise made by the male, his remarks bearing
out what Mr. Woosnam has written above of S. camerunensis and S. rufolateralis.
ARTOMYIAS FULIGINOSA Verr.
Artomyas fuliginosa Reich, Vog. Afr. 11. p. 462 (1903) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 452 [ Efulen,
Cameroon |.
a-c. 6 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd & 24th July. [Nos. 2436.
G. L.; 3519, 3520. &. B. W.)
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 403
d. 2. 40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 2450. G@. L.]
e. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th Sept. [No. 524. R. EL. D.|
Tris dark brown; bill black; feet dark brown.
[ Verreaux’s Dusky Flycatcher was plentiful in both the Eturi and Mpanga Forests.
It was generally to be seen perched high up at the end of a dead bough, from which it
made short flights after passing insects, always returning to the same tree; sometimes
six or eight might be seen on a single dead tree, but they were more often observed in
pairs. When flying they might be easily mistaken for Martins.—R&. B. W.|
ERYTHROCERCUS CoNGICcUS Grant. (Plate XIV. fig. 1, 3.)
Erythrocercus congicus Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 41 (1907).
a. o. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 566. Rk. HE. D. Type of the
species. |
This species is most nearly allied to HL. maccalli (Cassin), but the top of the head
is deep chestnut instead of bright chestnut-red.
Inis pink ; bill brown; feet flesh-colour.
Total length ca. 3°8 inches ; wing 2:0; tail 1-75; tarsus 0°65.
Mr. R. E. Dent procured a single example of this beautiful little Flycatcher.
TROCHOCERCUS ALBONOTATUS Sharpe.
Trochocercus albonotatus Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 121 [Mt. Elgon]; Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 499
(1903) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 536 [ Ruwenzori].
ai. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000-8500 ft., 2nd—16th Jan. [Nos.
d. d. a.
§5. R. E. D.; 1086, 1087, 1158. D. C.; 2051, 2060, 2061. G. L. ; 3082, 3121. R. B. W.]
k. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 3rd Feb. [No. 1215. D. C.]
=o @ @- 35 7000-8000 ft., 4th-24th March. [Nos. 1290,
191, 1368, 1416. D. C.; 3244. R. B. Wi)
Tris dark brown; bill black ; feet dark brown or black.
[This pretty little Flycatcher was one of the most numerous birds inhabiting the
forests on Ruwenzori and was confined to that zone. It was occasionally to be seen
among the lower parts of the bamboo up to an altitude of 8500 ft., but it was never
seen below 6500 ft.—k. LB. W.]
‘TROCHOCERCUS BEDFORDI Grant. (Plate XVIII. fig. 1, ¢.)
Trochocercus bedfordi Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 40 (1907).
a,b. 6 2. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 17th Oct. [Nos. 3631, 3632.
R. B.W. Types of the species. |
This species is most nearly allied to 7. nitens Cass., but is larger; the general colour
9 >)
o9H4A
404 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
of the plumage is of a bluer-grey ; the crest shorter; and the edges of the wing-
feathers margined with blue.
3. Iris dark brown; bill and feet slate-blue.
2. Iris dark brown ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet slate-blue.
¢. Total length ca. 6°5 inches; wing 3-0; tail 3-2; tarsus 0:6.
OF . GPR. 44 PM NEA cnc PCy Ray WN am ORG
An allied species, 7. kibaliensis, has recently been described by Mr. Alexander from
the Kibali River [ef Bull B. O. C. xix. p. 88 (1907)].
[The Duke of Bedford’s Flycatcher was a common bird in the forest between
Irumu and Mawambi. Its note exactly resembled that of Tenpsiphone emini, and the
two species might often be seen darting out from the same tree at passing insects.
7’. emini was also found in the Mpanga Forest, but 7’. bedfordi was met with only in
the Eturi and Congo Forests.—&. B. W.|
‘TERPSIPHONE DUCHAILLUI Cassin.
Muscipeta duchaillui Cass. P. Ac. Philad. 1859, p. 48 [Camma R., Gaboon ].
Tchitrea viridis Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 504 (1908) [part.].
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 9th June. [No. 3461. &. B. W.]
Tris dark brown; bill and feet light blue.
This adult bird is in nearly black and white plumage, but some of the feathers of
the back are partially chestnut; the five outer and shorter pairs of tail-feathers are
white, more or less bordered with black and with black shafts.
TERPSIPHONE SUAHELICA Reichenow. (Plate XIX. fig. 13, egg.
Tchitrea perspicillata suahelica Reich. Vég. Afr. 11. p. 509 (1903).
a. 6. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 3021. &. B. W.]
b. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 1449. D. C.]
c-m. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th-24th May. [Nos. 318, 341.
R. EB. D.: 1504, 1553, 1569, 1585, 1609, 1611, 1620. D. C.; 2309. G. L.)
n—w. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-29th June. [Nos. 406, 413, 422,
ADS VAS. RB: H. De NESTA UG MOs Willa D.C). 3449) 3403 is Beal
x. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 23rd July. [No. 3518. &. B. W.]
Great interest attaches to the changes of plumage in this species. Both Mr. Alex-
ander and Prof. Neumann have recently devoted much attention to a study of the series
in the British Museum. In naming the specimens in the present collection I have
followed the views of the former, with which I agree. All have the outer tail-feathers
chestnut, with the exception of specimen No. 1553, in which some of the outer tail-
feathers as well as the middle pair are mostly white. This specimen may be a
hybrid with 7. emini.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 405
A single egg of this species was procured at Mokia from a small nest placed in the
fork of a low tree. The male bird was shot at the nest.
The egg is of a regular oval form and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is creamy-
white with small light red and dark purplish-grey spots, which are mostly concentrated
in a broad zone round the larger end. It measures ‘78 X°‘58 in.
[This Paradise-Flycatcher was very plentiful at the south end of Ruwenzori and in the
Semliki Valley. It was also seen near Entebbe, but was not met with on the range.
It was breeding at the end of April and also in June.—k. B. W.]
TERPSIPHONE EMINI Reichenow.
Tchitrea emini Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 512 (1903).
a. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th Sept. [No. 511. R. #. D.]
Tris dark brown; eyelids, bill, and feet blue.
This male has a rather short chestnut-coloured tail, but in other respects appears to
be an adult bird. Both the upper- and underparts are of a brilliant orange-chestnut,
without any shade of brown. An immature male from Toro in Mr. Jackson's
collection has the underparts partially covered with new feathers of a very similar
orange-chestnut, but all other male specimens in that collection are of a much browner-
chestnut colour.
The British Museum did not contain an example of the present species, only
the closely allied 7. rujiventris (Swains.) being represented. ‘This latter resembles
examples of 7. emini in having the black occipital crest well developed, even longer,
and glossed with steel-blue, while in the allied species 7. negriceps (Hartl.) the feathers
on the crown are much shorter and of a purplish-black colour. 7. rufiventris, moreover,
is easily distinguished from 7. emini by having the feathers behind the eye as well as the
ear-coverts chestnut instead of black, an important character which has hitherto been
overlooked, though Swainson partially indicated it in his plate [cf. B. W. Afr. ii. p. 55,
pl. iv. (1837)]. A male of 7. rufiventris in the British Museum (Gambia: Sharpe coll.)
has the outer webs and tips of the greater and median wing-coverts as well as the outer
margins of the innermost secondary-quills white. Fyrom this one may infer that the
specimen in question is not in the fullest adult plumage.
In the Jackson Collection there is an adult male from Entebbe, shot on the 30th of
May, 1904, which appears to be a hybrid between 7. emini and T. suahelica. It most
nearly resembles 7. emini, but some of the greater wing-coverts and secondaries are
edged externally with white and the black of the throat is continued on to the upper
breast, which is mixed with grey, while the rest of the underparts are bright chestnut.
‘There is a somewhat similar specimen (No. 1553) in the present collection, which I
have already referred to under the heading 7. swahelica.
406 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
‘TERPSIPHONE IGNEA Reichenow.
Tchitrea ignea Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 512 (1903).
Terpsiphone ignea Dubois, Ann. Mus. Congo, i. fase. i. p. 18, pl. vi. fig. 2 (1905).
a. @. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 9th Aug. [No. 1769. D. C.]
b. ¢. 20 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 11th Aug. [No. 3541. &. B. W.]
c. 6. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 31st Oct. [No. 3650. R. B. W.|
Iris dark grey or dark brown; eyelids blue ; bill bluish-grey.
The male differs from the male of 7. nigriceps Hartl. in having the tail dark brown
washed with rufous, instead of chestnut, and the black of the head extends over the
nape, whereas in 7. nigriceps it terminates on the occiput.
In neither of the male specimens is the tail fully grown, but the moulting-feathers
are of the same reddish-brown colour as the old ones, and there is no reason to suppose
that they will ever become bright chestnut.
The female differs from the female of 7. nigriceps in having the crown and nape
greyish-black, this colour extending even on to the upper mantle, where it becomes
paler; the throat and sides of the head dark grey and the tail reddish-brown as in the
male. Younger examples of T. nigriceps have the tail very similarly coloured ; but
the greyish-black head and throat of the female of the present species serve to
distinguish it at a glance from T. nigriceps.
é. Total length (tail in moult) 7 inches ; wing 3:1; tail 3:5; tarsus 0°6.
Dea vais e 5-7 inches ; wing 2°8; tail 2°4; tarsus 0°6.
I have little doubt that these birds have been correctly identified as 7. ignea, a
species originally described from Angola.
[This Brown-tailed Paradise-Flycatcher was not uncommon in the Congo Forest.—
R. BW.)
ELMINIA LONGICAUDA (Swainson).
Elminia longicauda Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 496 (1908) ; Bates, Ibis, 1905, p. 96 [Cameroon ;
habits] ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 537 [Toro] ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 457 [Cameroon].
a—c. ¢ 2. 100-150 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100-5000 ft., 4th-12th Dec. [ Nos. 47.
Rh. E. D.; 1030, 1055. D. C.]
d,e. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 26th Jan. [Nos. 129, 130.
Jie Ji IDS)
jf. Ad. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 21st Feb. [No. 1253. D. C.]
G0 8 Qs gy 50 i 6000 ft., 9th-l5th Mar. [Nos. 1348. D.C;
3187, 3189. Rk. B. W.]
k. 3. wMtokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 23rd May. [No. 3403. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown or dark hazel ; bill and feet black.
[The Long-tailed Blue Flycatcher was seen near Entebbe and on the plains around
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 407
Ruwenzori. It was found also in the valleys up to an elevation of 6000 ft., but was
by no means a common bird.—R. B. W.]
CRYPTOLOPHA ALPINA Grant. (Plate XII. fig. 3, ¢ ; Plate XIX. fig. 12, egg.)
Cryptolopha alpina Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 117 (1906).
a-k. 3 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000-13,000 ft., 27th-31st Jan.
Nios, IMLS 1188, 1190, 1302, WAS), JD, Os SIRO, SBI 4, BIB 3138, 3139. BR. BW, |
Lo. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, 10,000-13,000 ft., 1st-20th Feb. [Nos. 159, 160.
R. B. D.; 1207, D.C; 3171. B. BW
This species is most nearly allied to C. wmbrivirens (Riipp.) and C. dorcadichroa
teich. & Neum., but has the underparts entirely brownish-buff and the middle of the
abdomen whitish-buff. Iris dark brown; upper mandible brown, lower mandible
yellow; feet dark brown. Total length ca. 4-8 inches ; culmen 0°5 ; wing 2:4 ; tail 2-0 ;
tarsus 0°85.
An egg of this species is of a rather pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. It is
white, spotted all over with light red and lavender-grey, especially towards the larger
end. It measures ‘71 x-51 in.
[The Alpine Flycatcher was met with on Ruwenzori between altitudes of 10,000
and 14,000 ft., but was most plentiful among the tree-heaths which extend from
10,000 ft. to 12,500 ft. Its habits much resembled those of the Chiffchaff or
Willow-Wren and it had a short cheerful song. A nest, found at the end of January,
was placed on a dry ledge of rock under a great overhanging cliff; it was domed like
the nest of a Chiffchaff and composed of fine grass and moss ; it contained three eggs.
—R. B.W)
CrYPTOLOPHA L&TA Sharpe.
Cryptolopha leta Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 9 (1902) [Ruwenzori]; Reich. Vig. Afr. ii.
p- 723 (1903) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 537.
ah. 3%. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft., 3rd—18th Jan. [ Nos.
d. a. d.
112. &. £. D.; 1091, 1095, 1120. D. C.; 2084. G. L.; 3079, 3117, 3119. Rk. B. W.]
@ ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 23rd Feb. [No. 3175. R. B. W.]
Peay nem y 8000-9000 ft., 10th—-30th March. [Nos. 215.
d. d.
&. E. D.; 1366. D.C.; 2261. G. L. ; 3195, 3236, 3239, 3240. 2. B. W.]
d,
ru. 3 2. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., Ist Aug. [Nos. 1766. D. C.;
3934, 3535, 3038. Rk. B. W.]
* Types of the species.
408 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Iris dark brown or dark hazel; upper mandible brown or blackish, lower mandible
brown or yellow ; feet greenish-brown or greyish-green.
[This little bird was found on Ruwenzori at an altitude of between 6500 and 9000 ft.,
inhabiting the forest-zone and the lower parts of the bamboo. It was very plentiful in
the forest and was usually to be seen in small flocks, which were busily searching
for insects at the tops of the trees and moved along like a troop of Long-tailed
Tits. It was very numerous in the Butagu Valley on the west side of Ruwenzori
among the bamboo at 7500 ft.
At 10,000 ft. its place was taken by a very similar species, C. alpina, which was met
with up to 14,000 ft.— RB. B. W.]
Family HIRUNDINID&.
CorILE cincra (Bodd.).
Riparia cincta Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 394 (1903).
a. d. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th June. [No. 1625. D. C.]
Tris dark hazel; bill and feet black.
[A few were seen on the plains near Lake Edward at the south end of Ruwenzori.
—R. B.W
CorTILE RUFIGULA Fischer & Reichenow.
Riparia rufigula Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 400 (1903).
a,b. 6 Qimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8500 ft., 7th Feb. [Nos. 144,
145. R. E. D.}
Iris dark brown ; bill brown; feet light brown.
‘These two immature birds are in fresh plumage, some of the feathers being still in
moult. The upperparts are dark sooty-brown with a distinct, though slight, oily
gloss; the feathers of the chin and throat have distinct dark shafts; the rest of the
underparts are sooty-brown, tinged on the breast with rufous and indistinctly margined,
especially on the under tail-coverts, with pale rufous.
[A few of these Martins inhabited an open ridge in the Mubuku Valley at 8000 feet,
and were seen again in a similar situation in the Luimi Valley.—2. B. W.]
Hrrunbo GORDONI Jardine.
Hirundo gordoni Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 418 (1903); Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 444 [S8. Cameroon ].
Hirundo neumanni Reich. t. c. p. 418 [N.W. Massailand }.
a. dimm. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st Nov. [No. 4. R. #. D.]
6. Imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th Jan. [No. 435. R. H. D.]
Both these birds are immature. J have compared an adult specimen from Wadelai
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 409
(Emin), which Dr. Reichenow considers typical H. newmanni, with the type of
fH. gordont. In the former the wing measures 122 mm.; in the latter 120 mm.
The difference in size is therefore of no importance, and the colour of the under tail-
coverts is not constant and cannot be relied on, the type of HZ. gordoni having light
under tail-coverts.
[Gordon’s Swallow was obtained near Entebbe, and was very plentiful on the
plains at the south end of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
Hirunvo Emini Reichenow.
Hirundo emini Reich. Voég. Afr. ii. p. 420 (1903).
?. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 7th Dec. [No. 3036. R. B. W.]
. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 29th Dec. [No. 53. R. EF. D.]
OO 1 ss ss a a4 ADIN, debe, (NGS, ILS. Wi, J8, 1D)
gy S3
d.
SOC
e. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., 6th April. [No. 2279. G. L.]
Tris brown or dark brown; bill black; feet brown or dark brown.
[Emin’s Swallow was not uncommon throughout the journey from Entebbe to
Ruwenzori. On the mountains it was seen up to an altitude of 8500 feet.— A. B. W.|
PSALIDOPROCNE ALBICEPS Sclater.
Psalidoprocne albiceps Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 480 (1903) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 532 [Toro ].
a,b. &. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st Nov. [Nos. 5. R. E. D.; 1104. D. On
¢. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 30th April. [No. 1465. D. C.]
dhe Bo si 5 5 27th May. [No. 3420. R. B. W.]
Iris dark hazel; bill black ; feet brown or dark brown.
[The White-headed Rough-winged Swallow was seen near Entebbe, and from thence
throughout the journey to Ruwenzori. It was very numerous on the plains near
Lake Edward at the south end of Ruwenzori, and was also seen at Fort Beni on the
edge of the Eturi Forest.—F. 6. W.]
PSALIDOPROCNE MAssaIca Neumann.
Psalidoprocne holomelena massaica Neum. Orn. Monatsb. xii. p. 144 (1904) [Kikuyu] ; Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 829 (1905).
d.
a-d. ¢ ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft. [Nos. 1093, 1113, 1135,
NSO RDG]
In spite of what Dr. Reichenow and Mr. Alexander have written, I consider that
Prof. Neumann was fully justified in separating the present East African form from
VOL. XIX.—PaRT Ivy. No. 54.—March, 1910. 31
419 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
typical P. holomelena from 8. Africa. P. massaica is readily distinguished by the paler
and greyer colour of the under wing-coverts and axillaries, which are smoky-brown
in P. holomelena ; the latter also has the green gloss on the upperparts, especially on
the crown, brighter.
[The Massai Rough-winged Swallow was numerous on Ruwenzori below the forest,
and occurred up to an elevation of 8500 ft.—R. B. W.]
PSALIDOPROCNE NITENS (Cassin).
Psalidoprocne nitens Reich. Vig. Afr. il. p. 426 (1903), iii. p. 829 (1905) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1997,
p. 444 [S. Cameroon ].
Psalidoprocne nitens centralis Neumann, Orn. Monatsb. xii. p. 144 (1904) [ Eturi].
a. 2. 40 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 508.
R. E. D.]
Tris dark hazel ; bill black ; feet brown.
The above specimen, which is a typical example of Prof. Neumann's P. n. centralis,
is indistinguishable from examples from Cameroon and Gaboon. ‘The British Museum
possesses a cotype of P. nitens from the Muni River, Gaboon (Du Chatllu). ‘The
sooty-brown throat (cf. Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 204 (1885)] is no doubt a
sign of immaturity.
[The Square-tailed Rough-winged Swallow was always to be seen in the clearings
and about the native villages in the Eturi Forest.— 2. B. W.|
Family Picip &.
DENDRoOMUS CAROLI Malh.
Dendromus caroli Reich. Vég. Afr. 11. p. 168 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 528 [Toro] ;
Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 443 [Cameroon ].
a. ¢. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 21st Oct. [No. 3638. Rk. B. W.]
Tris dark brown; bill black; feet pale greenish-yellow
This West African species has been already obtained in Toro by Mr. Jackson’s
collectors, so its occurrence in the Kastern Congo Forest was to be expected.
DENDROMUS TAZNIOLAMA (Reichenow & Neumann).
Dendromus teniolema Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 172 (1902).
Campothera hausburgi Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. x. p. 36 (1900) [Kenya].
Dendromus teniolema hausburgi Reich. t. ec. p. 172.
a. [@.] Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 18th Sept. [No. 533. Rk. BE. D.]
Iris crimson; bill dark horn; feet olive.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 411
Only male examples were included in the British Museum series, so this freshly
moulted female is an interesting addition to the collection. It agrees with a female
in Mr. Jackson’s collection, but is more brightly coloured, especially on the under-
parts, which are strongly washed with greenish-yellow.
DeErbDRoMUts NuBicus (Gmel.).
Dendromus nubicus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 178 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 529 [Toro ;
Ankoli].
@, Ws Go BA 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500-4100 ft., Ist & 4th Dec. [Nos. 28.
lita Jig IDs 8 1023. EC
c. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 23rd March. [No. 2232. G. L.]
d. 2. Mokia, S.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th May. [No. 1535. D. C]
CaS: < eS bs 21st June. [No. 1658. D. C.]
Jj. 2. Semliki Valley, 2000 ft., 10th Oct. [No. 562. R. #. D.}
tris dark pink, dark red, or mauve ; bill black ; feet olive-green or olive-brown.
[The Nubian Woodpecker was obtained near Entebbe and all around the foot of
the mountains, but it was never met with at an elevation of more than 5000 ft.
—R. BW)
MESOPICUS RUWENZORI Sharpe.
Mesepicos griseocephalus Shelley (nec Bodd.), Ibis, 1897, p. 547 [Nyasaland] ; 1899, p. 378
[N. of Lake Nyasa] ; Neumann, J. f. O. 1900, p. 201 [ Kilimanjaro] ; Reich. Vog. Afr.
ii. p. 185 (1902) [part., Nyasaland].
Mesopicus ruwenzori Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xin. p. 8 (1903) [ Ruwenzori].
a,b. ¢. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 21st & 23rd Jan. [Nos. 1180.
1D, C3, FUDD; Cis £4)
c-e. ¢ 2. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 2nd—8th Feb. [Nos. 1211,
1217, 1222. D. C)
f- 9g. 6. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., lst Mar. [ Nos. 1279
Ils a Pe, % 6th April. [No. 232
Tris dark brown ; bill black, grey on the lower mandible; feet grey or dark grey.
The type of Dr. Sharpe’s JZ. ruwenzori is undoubtedly quite a young bird, and is not
really very closely related to MW. spedocephalus (Bonap.), with which it has been
compared. ‘The adult of MW. rwwenzori is closely allied to MM. griseocephalus (Bodd.)
from S. Africa, but has a well-developed Gright scarlet patch on the middle of the
belly. Captain Shelley has wrongly identified birds from Nyasaland with the latter
form, which, as a rule, has no trace of a scarlet patch on the middle of the belly,
though a male specimen from Drakensburg (#. A. Butler) and a female specimen
312
412 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF TITE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
from Zululand (Gordge) show traces of a dull crimson patch. The range of M. ruwen-
zori, as at present known, extends from Ruwenzori to Kilimanjaro, ‘Tanganyika, and
Nyasaland.
[The Ruwenzori Woodpecker was obtained only at altitudes of from 6000 to
10,000 ft., and was most plentiful in the forest-zone from 6500 to 8000 ft. It was
nowhere numerous.—R. B. W.|
MESOPICUS P@OCEPHALUS (Swainson).
Mesopicus pwocephalus Grant, Ibis, 1902, p. 425 ; Jackson, Ibis, 1902, p. 641 [ Eatebbe].
a. d. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 1018. D. C.]
6. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th March. [No. 1436. D. C.]
c-g. 6%. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., dth-24th May. [Nos. 1503, 1508,
1545, 1617, 1619. D. C.]
Iris dark brown or reddish-brown; bill black, whitish on the lower mandible; feet
dark grey.
The relations of this species have already been fully discussed in my paper quoted
above.
[The Goertan Woodpecker was observed near Entebbe and throughout the acacia-
country at the south end of Ruwenzori, as well as in the Semliki Valley. It was
found on the lower slopes of Ruwenzori up to about 5000 ft., but above that its place
was taken by WM. rwwenzori Sharpe.—R. B. W.]
MESOPICUS ELLIOTI (Cassin).
Mesopicos ellioti Hargitt, Cat. Birds B. M. xviii. p. 374 (1890) [type described]; Reich. Vog.
Afr. ii. p. 185 (1902) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 443 [Cameroon ].
a. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 19th Sept. [No. 541. R&. E. D.|
Iris crimson ; bill slate-colour; feet olive-green.
This specimen agrees in every detail with the type-specimen, which is also a male
and was procured at the Muni River, Gaboon. ‘The occurrence of this species in the
Mpanga Forest, though not unexpected, is of great interest.
[A few examples of Elliot’s Woodpecker were seen in the Mpanga Forest about
30 miles east of Ruwenzori, but the species was never met with on that range.—2. LV |
DENDROPICUS ZANZIBARI Malh.
Dendropicos hartlaubi Malh.; Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 193 (1902).
Dendropicus zanzibari Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 211 [S. Uganda].
a. 2. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st Nov. [No. 1003. D. C.]
Iris dark red; bill black ; feet dark olive-green.
W. RB. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 413
There can be no doubt that Hargitt was perfectly right in referring Dendropicus
hartlaubt Malh. to the synonymy of Picus cardinalis Gmel. = (P. guineensis Scop.).
Professor Neumann has attempted to clear up this difficult little group of Wood-
peckers (cf. J. f. O. 1900, pp. 206-207); but he seems only to have added to the
confusion already existing by introducing two new names, neither of which can stand.
DENDROPICUS LAFRESNAYI Malh.
Dendropicos lafresnayei Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 195 (1902).
Dendropicus lafresnayi Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 211 [S. Uganda] ; 1908, p. 309 [ Lake Kivu].
d
ac. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 17th-22nd Jan. [Nos. 2092,
2096, 2107. G. £.]
d,e. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th & 23rd March. [Nos. 1347.
DD, Oo SOIL, Ji, JB YiZa)
fig. 6 &. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th & 20th May. [Nos. 1536. D.C;
2374. G. L.]
h. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 23rd June. [No. 1669. D. C.]
i. 2. Lower Semliki Valley, 2000 ft., 10th Oct. [No. 3624. Rk. B. W.]
Iris dark crimson; bill grey or dark horn-colour ; feet olive-green.
[Lafresnay’s Woodpecker was found on Ruwenzori up to 7000 ft., following up
the valleys from the plains. It was not uncommon in the acacia-country along the
foot of the mountains at the south end and in the Upper Semliki Valley.—R. B. W.|
DENDROPICUS PH&CILOLaMUS Reichenow.
Dendropicos pecilolemus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 196 (1902).
Dendropicus pecilolemus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 529 [Toro].
Dendropicus nandensis Neumann, Orn. Monatsb. ix. p. 184 (1901).
a. 6. 60 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 1019. D. C.]
b. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 4th Dec. [No. 1034. D. C.]
c,d. et déimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th March. [Nos. 3217,
3218. R. B. W.]
e. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 5th April. [No. 229. R. E. D.]
Tris dark red ; bill bluish-black ; legs grey, bluish, or olive-brown.
The immature male (No. 3218) has the general colour of the back greyish-brown
tinged with olive, instead of golden-olive, and lacks the yellowish wash on the under
parts, which are whitish-grey. The first primary-quill measures about 1:1 inch, and is
much longer than in any of the adult birds. This specimen agrees exactly with the
bird described as D. nandensis by Prof. Neumann. It was procured along with a
typical female of D. pwcilolemus (No. 3217), which was marked “ breeding” and was
probably the parent bird.
414 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
[Reichenow’s Spotted Woodpecker was obtained near Entebbe and all around the
foot of the mountains. It also occurs in the valleys up to an altitude of about 5000 ft.
—fR. B.W.)
Family INDICATORID &.
INDICATOR VARIEGATUS Less.
Indicator variegatus Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 108 (1902) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 309 [S.W.
Uganda].
a—c. 6 et 2 imm. 110-130 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 5th-10th Dec.
[Nos. 29, 42. R. E. D.; 2029. G. L.]
Iris olive-brown ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet dark olive.
I have already drawn attention to the differences in plumage between the adult and
young of this species in my paper on Mr. Douglas Carruthers’ collection quoted
above.
[The Variegated Honey-Guide was seen only during the journey from Entebbe to
Ruwenzori. The note is a curious long-drawn trill_—R. B. W.]
INDICATOR MINOR Steph.
Indicator minor Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 110 (1902).
Indicator pygmeus Reich. t. ce. p. 112.
indicator minor teitensis Neumann, J. f. O. 1900, p. 195.
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500 ft., 22nd Feb. [No. 1262. D. C.]
Iris dark hazel ; bill black ; feet olive-grey.
1 very much doubt if I. pygmeus Reichenow (= J. minor tettensis Neumann) can
be distinguished from /. minor, except perhaps by the most trifling difference in the
size of the bill and wing. ‘The supposed difference in the measurements given by
Dr. Reichenow (Vég. Afr. ii. p. 104) is due to sex and is of no specific value, the type
specimen of his L. pygmeus being a female with a wing measuring about 80 mm.
The following measurements clearly illustrate the above remarks :—
Measurements of wing.
NS
Male. emacs
mm, mm
Walhko, Abyssmia . . . . 88 —
Wagga Mts., N. Somaliland . . . 87 82
xD 2) Or —
Athi River, BE. Africa . . . . 90 82
Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori . . 89 —
Swaziland Se Atnica wien wueeNen nOO 87 (sex doubtful).
IRIENNCHS IOS oy Geo 6 oe —
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 415
[A few of these Honey-Guides were seen in the lower wooded valleys in the central
part of the range, but they were never seen above an altitude of 5500 ft.—R. B. W.|
INDICATOR EXILIS (Cassin).
Indicator exilis Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 113 (1902); Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 440 [Cameroon ].
a. 2. Irumu;, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 16th Oct. [No. 569. &. #. D]
Iris brown ; bill and feet slate-colour.
The wing measures 2°7 inches (=69 mm.).
[The above-mentioned specimen of this small Honey-Guide (a female) was evidently
breeding. ‘The few observed were only seen in the Kturi Forest.—F. B. W.|
Family CAPITONID &.
LYBIUS AQUATORIALIS (Shelley).
Lybius equatorialis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 119 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 530 [Toro].
a,b. 6 9. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 22nd & 23rd March. [Nos. 220.
Jie dts IDs OMS, (Chortle
c,d. 6 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 it., 10th & 30th May. [Nos. 394.
d.
Life Jin ID, 9 is yaxa, JP) CR
e. @. Mokia, $.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th June. [No. 451. hk. FE. D.|
Tris dark brown; bare skin round the eye pale yellow; bill whitish ; feet blackish,
dark brown, or grey.
[A few examples of the Equatorial Barbet were seen in the wooded valleys of
Ruwenzori all along the range. The species was by no means common and was never
observed above an altitude of 5000 ft. It was also seen in the Semliki Valley, near
Lake Albert.—&. B. W.|
TRICHOLAMA ANSORGEI Shelley.
Tricholema ansorgit Shelley, Bull. B.O.C.v. p. 3 (1895) [Uganda]; Reich. Vég. Afr. un.
p. 131 (1902).
a. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th Sept. [No. 529. R. E. D.]
Iris crimson; bill and feet black.
The type of this species, which was procured by Dr. W. J. Ansorge at Port Alice,
Lake Victoria, is quite a young bird. Adult specimens have now been sent home from
Entebbe (Jackson Collection) and the Mpanga Forest, and show that 7. ansorgei is
really quite distinct from the allied 7. hirsutwm (Swains.) from the Gold Coast. his
fact was not very self-evident when only the type-specimen was available for comparison.
416 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
more especially as the feathers are wanting on the sides of the face, and in that con-
dition it is scarcely possible to distinguish it from immature examples of 7’. hirsutwm.
It must be further noted that younger birds of this group have the spots on the head
and back, as well as the margins of the wing-feathers, bright golden ; whereas in the
adult these markings are pale lemon-yellow and the crown is uniform black.
[The single specimen of Ansorge’s Barbet obtained in the Mpanga Forest was the
only one seen.— Rh. B. W.|
'TRICHOLAMA RADCLIFFE! Grant.
Tricholema radcliffei Grant, Bull. B. O.C. xv. p. 29 (1904).
Tricholema lacrymosum Reich. (nec Cab.) Vég. Afr. iii. p. 824 (1905).
a-g. 6 2 et ¢ 9 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd-22nd May. [Nos.
NG, BO, BUG, TR, JF ID. ¢ NHN W555), JD, C3 BBS, GIO), Je, 12, 7a]
h. ¢imm. Mokia, 3400 ft., 24th June. [No. 1678. D. C.]
i,k. 2? et ¢ imm. Mokia, 3400 ft., 6th July. [Nos. 1718, 1719. D. C)
Iris dark brown or yellow; bill and feet black.
Though some doubt has been cast on the validity of this species by Dr. Reichenow
and others, it appears to be well characterised and perfectly distinct from the allied
T. lacrymosum Cab. The adults of the present series all agree with the type-specimens
from Mulema (Doggett). Younger birds differ from the adults in having the black
spots on the sides of the underparts smaller and more oval in shape. No. 3399, a
female procured by Mr. Woosnam, is of special interest as illustrating the change of
plumage from the immature to the adult. When I compared 7. radcliffe: with T.
lacrymosum I stated that the latter differed in having the underparts washed with buff
instead of yellow. This, however, is not a reliable character, for specimens from
Mt. Kenya (Delamere), which have since been added to the collection, show that in
freshly-killed examples of both species the underparts are washed with yellow.
[Quite a number of Delmé Radcliffe’s Barbet inhabited the acacia-forest around the
south end of Ruwenzori and the upper part of the Semliki Valley, but they were never
seen on the mountains.—R. B. W.|
GyMNOBUCCO SLADENI Grant.
Gymnobucco sladeni Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 42 (1907).
a. 2. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 31st Oct. [No. 3601. Rk. B.W. Type
of the species. |
This species is most nearly allied to G. peli Hartl., but is distinguished by having
the bill black. It approaches G. cinereiceps Sharpe in the colour of the bill and in
having the feathers of the throat, as well as the basal part of the feathers of the chest,
grey. It may be at once distinguished from that species by having the head covered
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. AIT
with feathers. Iris crimson ; bare skin on head black ; feet black. Total length ca. 6:2
inches ; culmen 0°78 ; wing 35; tail 1-9; tarsus 0°78.
[A single specimen of Sladen’s Barbet was shot in the Congo Forest, where they are
probably not uncommon. In the Mpanga Forest its place appears to be taken by the
closely-allied G. cinereiceps Sharpe, of which two specimens were procured.—
R.B.W
GYMNOBUCCO CINEREICEPS Sharpe.
Gymnobucco cinereiceps Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 122 [ Mt. Elgon] ; Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 1389
(1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 531 [Toro].
a,b. 3. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th & 21st Sept. [Nos. 500.
Jit 15, ID. BDV, Ste Tey Via
The colour of the brush-like tufts behind the nasal openings varies considerably in
different individuals. In the type-specimen and other examples collected at Mt. Elgon
in February the tufts are light ochre-brown. In two examples killed at Nandi in May
the tufts are of much the same colour, while in birds from the Mpanga Forest killed
in September and in several from the Kibera Forest, Toro, procured in January,
February, and September, they are deep chestnut-brown. One example, however, from
Toro, killed in October, resembles the type from Elgon, the difference in colour being
no doubt due to wear. Freshly-moulted and worn birds look so different that it
seems desirable to draw attention to the cause.
[Sharpe’s Grey-headed Barbet was plentiful in the Mpanga Forest. It was always
observed high up in the largest trees.—R. B. W.]
BaRBATULA MFUMBIRI Grant.
Barbatula mfumbiri Grant, Bull. B.O.C. xix. p. 107 (1907) ; id. Ibis, 1908, p. 311 [ Mufumbiro
Volcanoes].
Barbatula leucolaima nyanse Neumann, J. f. O. 1907, p. 347.
The adult male is most nearly allied to B. leucolema (Verr.), but is larger; the back
black, glossed with dark bottle-green, the chest greyish-white, and the rest of the under-
parts duller and of a more greenish-yellow colour. In the coloration of the underparts
it closely resembles B. jacksont Sharpe, but the rump is pale sulphur-yellow as in
B. leucolema and not bright chrome-yellow. Iris dark brown or dark hazel ; bill and
feet black. Total length ca. 4:0 inches; culmen V-d—-0°55; wing 2:3; tail 1:15;
tarsus 0°6—0°65.
The adult female is similar to the male. Total length ca. 4:0 inches ; culmen 0°55 ;
wing 2-2; tail 1-1; tarsus 0°62.
a-c. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 16th-22nd Jan. [Nos.
INGE ie SV OES AUSEG auld eS Jez, a5 1475)
VOL. XIX.—part Iv. No. 55.—WMarch, 1910. 3K
418 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
d-k. 6 @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5500-7000 ft., 22nd-25th Feb. [ Nos.
1260, 1261. DiC; 2163, al71, 2173, o174. Cis Ihe 3 3180. Jie Lea. VAY |
1. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th Sept. [No. 3555. Rk. B. W.]
The type-specimen of this species was procured by Mr. Douglas Carruthers on
the Mufumbiro Volcanoes at an altitude of 6000 ft. It is precisely the same as the
birds procured by the Expedition on Kastern Ruwenzori at a similar altitude. The
male from the Mpanga Forest shot in September has the chest pale whitish-grey,
paler than in the birds from East Ruwenzori, but in the green gloss of the upperparts
and in other respects it agrees with the present species.
I am unable to distinguish typical examples of B. leucolema from B. 1. togoensis
Neumann (ef. J. f. O. 1907, p. 347).
(The Congo Forest teems with small Barbets, and one soon becomes so used to their
persistent piping that one ceases to notice the sound. But although they exist in
such numbers it is only on rare occasions that they are shot or even seen, for they
have a habit of remaining motionless for long periods, perched high up in a tree,
all the while emitting a succession of piping notes at regular intervals. It 1s most
difficult to tell where the sound is coming from ; and when disturbed the bird darts off
among the thick foliage and is lost until it once more commences piping. ‘This
species was also plentiful in the Mpanga Forest and occurred on Ruwenzori up to
8500 ft., but was by no means numerous.— ft. B. W.|
BaRBATULA CENTRALIS Reichenow.
Barbatula centralis Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 150 (1902).
a-e. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-21st May. [Nos. rT. lis: JB, JD), 2
1596. D. C.; 3316, 3357, 3365. R. B. W.|
f. &. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist June. [No. 3436. 2. B. W.]
Ge &s a is %, 2nd July. [No. 474. &. 2H. dD.)
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
These small Barbets require careful revision. At the present time I am sure far too
many species are recognised. Prof. Neumann has recently separated a bird from the
Lower Blue Nile under the name of B. chrysocoma zedlita’. It differs from B. chryso-
cona in having the pale portions of the feathers of the back deep golden-yellow. This
character may be a good one, but among the females of B. centralis from Mokia,
S.E. Ruwenzori, No. 5316 has the light portions of the feathers of the back pure
white, while Nos. 1596 and 8357, also females procured at the same time and place,
have these parts pale lemon-yellow, although all are undoubtedly of the same species.
In one male the wing measures 2°4 inches; in six females it varies from 2°3 to
2-4 inches (=58-61 mm.).
W. RB. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 419
In B. chrysocoma [=B. c. guineensis Reichenow, Vog. Afr. ii. p. 149 (1902)] the
wing measures 2°2 inches (=56 mm.).
[This small Barbet was found only at the south end of Ruwenzori among the rather
dry acacia-forest on the plains, and in the wooded valleys of the lower part of the range.
It was not very plentiful—. B. W.]
‘TRACHYPHONUS ELGONENSIS Sharpe.
Trachyphonus elgonensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 122 [ Mt. Elgon].
Trachylemus purpuratus elgonensis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 160 (1902).
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 22nd Sept. [No. 3607. R. B. W.|
Iris crimson ; bill yellow ; feet greenish-grey.
The most important character by which this form may be separated from examples
of typical 7. purpuratus Verr. has been omitted in the original description, the light
streaks on the foreeneck and upper chest being much less numerous and not nearly so
pale in 7. elgonensis. This character is very marked when series of the two forms
are compared. The bill is certainly somewhat smaller; but the size, the crimson
wash on the forehead (though a little brighter in the type-specimens), and the crimson
border to the black of the throat are the same in both species.
[A single specimen of the Elgon Barbet was shot out of a small flock of six or seven
birds in the Mpanga Forest, but that was the only occasion on which the species was
seen.— ft. B. W.]
Family MusoPHAGIDA.
CorRYTH HOLA CRISTATA (Vieill.).
Corytheola cristata Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 26 (1902). F
a, b. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th Sept. [Nos. 512, 513.
Ji, Jig ID.)
c. 6. 650 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 15th August. [No. 2451. G. L.]
Iris crimson or dark red ; bill yellow, red at the tip; feet black.
[The Great Crested ‘Touraco was common in the Congo Forest and also in the
Mpanga Forest, but it was not seen on the mountains.
The beautiful deep sonorous “‘curu curu curn” of this bird resounding through the
silent depths of the woods is one of the most impressive and characteristic sounds of
the great Congo Forest.
The native (Swaheli) name for several species of Touracos is “ curu curu.”’—R. B. W.]
MUSOPHAGA ROss& Gould.
Musophaga rosse Reich. Vég. Afr. il. p. 29 (1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 524 [Ankoli] ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 312 [Lake Kivu].
a. 3. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 21st Nov. (No. 7. &. E. D.]
420 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Iris dark brown ; bill yellow, upper mandible orange at the base; feet black.
{Lady Ross’s Touraco was plentiful at Entebbe, but was not seen either in the
Toro district or on Ruwenzori.—k. B. W.|
GYMNOSCHIZORHIS LEOPOLD! (Shelley).
Gymnoschizorhis leopoldi Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 37 (1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 525
[Ankoli] ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 311 [S.W. Uganda].
a, 6. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 15th & 18th May. [Nos. 1650.
IDNORR Belem It 18% WA]
Iris dark brown; bare skin on the sides of the face and throat black; bill and feet
black.
[A few examples of King Leopold’s Touraco were seen in the acacia-trees around
the south end of Ruwenzori; it was evidently a rare bird.—#. B. W.]
GALLIREX JOHNSTON1 Sharpe.
Gallirex johnstoni Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C. xi. p. 57 (1901) [Ruwenzori]; id. Ibis, 1902, p. 112,
pl. v.; Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 41 (1902).
Ruwenzorornis johnstoni Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 523 [ Ruwenzori ].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 26th Jan. [No. 3217. &. B. W.]
b-h. 3 Q. os ve a 2nd-18th Feb. [Nos. 1209, 1210,
1233, 1237, 1238, 1239. D. C.; 3163. B. B. W.]
7-l. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 10th March. [Nos. 1312,
1313, 1314. D. C.]
Iris dark hazel or chocolate; eyelid scarlet; bare skin in front of the eye yellow,
that below and behind the eye scarlet; bill light green, black at the tip and pink at
the base; feet black.
A closely allied form of this splendid Touraco has been recently discovered by
Herr R. Grauer on the Mufumbiro Volcanoes *, and has been described by Prof.
Neumann as Ruwenzorornis johnstont kivuenses [ef. Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 54 (1908) ].
The fact that that species has the area round the eye feathered as in Gallirex proves
that the genus Ruwenzorornis, proposed by Prof. Neumann, is superfluous.
[Johnston’s Touraco inhabits the upper part of the forest-zone. It is most plentiful
at an altitude of about 9000 ft., among the bamboo and Pedocarpus trees, and feeds
largely on the berries of the latter. It was occasionally to be found as low down as
8500 ft., but never lower, and was sometimes seen as high as 11,000 ft.
* Professor Neumann gives the locality ‘‘ Western Kivu Volcanoes”; but there has evidently been some
confusion about the locality, for Mount Sabjingo (or, as it is more correctly written, Sabyino) forms part of the
Mufumbiro Mountains and lies to the north-east of Lake Kivu.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 421
The note is loud and shrill, totally unlike that of Turacus emini, which has a low-
toned musical “ curung curung” repeated over and over again.
Although chiefly to be met with in the Podocarpus trees, birds might now and then
be seen perched on the end of a long bamboo. Like its ally, 7. emint, it was far more
often heard than seen, and it was some weeks before we identified the shrill laugh so
often heard among the bamboos as the voice of Johnston’s Touraco.—R. B. W.|
‘TURACUS EMINI Reichenow.
Turacus emint Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 50, pl. iv. fig. 2 (1902) ; Dubois, Ann. Mus. Congo,
Zool. (4) 1. fase. 1. p. 4, pl. iii. fig. 1 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 523 [ Ruwenzori |.
Turacus schiittt emini Neumaun, Nov. Zool. xv. p. 875 (1908).
a. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 21st Sept. [No. 3593. R. B. W.]
6. 6. Mubuku Valley, K. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 9th Jan. [No. 1126. D. C.]
d. d.
Cal a 3 8000 ft., 2nd-25th Feb. [Nos. 1228, 1229,
1230, 1231. D. C.; 2139, 2158, 2159, 2165, 2175. @. LJ
m. 2imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., lst March. [No. 1280. D. C.]
nm. d. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 22nd July. [No. 1738. D. C |
Tris dark brown; eyelid vermilion; bill black, base of the lower mandible dark red ;
feet black.
[The forest in the central part of the Semliki Valley on the west of Ruwenzori is
undoubtedly the headquarters of Emin’s Touraco, and there it was extremely numerous.
It was seen throughout the eastern parts of the forest, and westwards as far as
Basoko, and was not uncommon in the Mpanga Forest.
On Ruwenzori it was fairly common throughout the forest-zone, and was seen
up to an altitude of about 9000 ft., but above this its place was taken by Gallirev
johnustont. ‘The Touracos run so fast and so nimbly along the boughs of the trees
that they appear more like squirrels than birds. They were always difficult birds to
procure, and were far more often heard than seen.—k. B. W.]
Family CUCULID 4.
CENTROPUS OCCIDENTALIS Neumann,
Centropus monachus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 528 [Toro] ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 439
[Cameroon].
Centropus monachus occidentalis Neumann, Bull. B.O.C. xxi. p. 77 (1908) [Ogowe RK. ].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 4th April. [No. 2271. G. L.]
b. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 20th July. [No. 2416. @. L.]
Both these examples belong to the darker-backed southern form with brown inner
secondaries, which has very properly been separated by Prof. Neumann from C. monachus
Riipp., from Abyssinia.
422 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The adult female (2) is in mouit, and the partially grown upper tail-coverts resemble
the older feathers, being black glossed with green and barred with buff. In the most
adult female specimens the upper tail-coverts are uniform black glossed with green
and devoid of buff bars. The uniform upper tail-coverts are apparently assumed at an
earlier age by the male than by the female.
CENTROPUS SUPERCILIOStS Hempr. & Ehr.
Centropus superciliosus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 65 (1902).
a. ¢. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 20. k. # D.]
b. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [No. 239. &. £ D.}
ch. 3 2 et 6 9 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th-3lst May. [Nos.
PASS Oy) BD dis dy JO > Nadie Ds Obs AAS s (Ch dine BASS 18, 18. Ws]
i-l. ¢ 9 et 9 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-12th June. [Nos. 416,
449. Rk. #. D.; 3439. RB. B. W.4
Adult. Tris crimson or red (in No. 3439 dark brown); Dill black; feet blue or
bluish-grey.
Immature. Iris grey or stone-colour; bill black; feet slate-colour.
The colour of the underparts varies considerably in adult examples of this species ;
in some the ground-colour is strongly washed with buff, in others it is nearly white
(as is the case in all adult birds from Sokotra). ‘This difference in tint, however, is
due neither to locality nor season, for two adult males (Nos. 239 and 330) from Mokia,
killed respectively in April and May, represent both types of coloration.
[A few examples of the White-eyebrowed Lark-heel Cuckoo were seen near Entebbe ;
they were very plentiful among the acacia-trees at the south end of Ruwenzori. The
flight of this bird is remarkably weak and laboured, and during windy or rainy
weather it appears quite helpless and almost unable to fly. Unless hustled, it usually
works its way to the top of a thorn-bush as a point of vantage, from which it makes a
blundering dive into the bottom of the next bush.
In the early morning its call might be heard in every direction, and Mr. F. J. Jack-
son has aptly compared it with the sound of water being poured quickly from a large
bottle-—F. B. W.]
Full details of the habits and call of this Cuckoo will also be found in my paper on
the Birds of Sokotra [cf. Nat. Hist. Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri, Birds, p. 43 (1903)].
CoccysTEs carer (Lichtenstein).
Coccystes cafer Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 76 (1902).
a,b. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 27th & 30th April. [Nos. 246. R. H. D.;
1462. D. C.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 423
e-f. 6 9 et ¢ juv. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 8400 ft., Ist-25th May. [Nos. 352.
Les I, ID WAVOS MSW, IO be UY TB, 12 V6 |
g- 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th June. [No. 3494. 2. B. W.]
Iris dark brown.
The width of the black stripes on the throat and chest appears to be a matter of age ;
they are much narrower in the birds of the year (such as Nos. 1470, 3417), and very
much wider in the adult males (Nos. 246, 1462, 1612) [¢f. remarks by Capt. Shelley,
Cat. Birds B. M. xix. p. 222 (1891)].
CoccYsTES JACOBINUS (Bodd.).
Coccystes gacobinus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 78 (1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 526 [Toro].
a,6. 3. Mokia, S.E. Rawenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-3rd May. [Nos. 1489. D. C.;
2H Cra th]
Iris dark hazel; bill black; feet very dark grey.
CEUTHMOCHARES ABREvS Vieill.
Ceuthmochares aereus Reich. Vog. Afr. il. p.73 (1902) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 440 [Cameroon | ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 312 [ Ponthierville, Upper Congo].
Ceuthmochares aereus intermedius Sharpe ; Reich. t. ¢. p. 74.
Ceuthmochares intermedius Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 528 [Toro].
a @. 10 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, 3000 ft., 10th Aug. [No. 502. R. HE. D.]
b,c. 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 17th & 21st Sept. [Nos. 530.
JR, JB, JD5 3 BOGE Cth, ky VG)
Iris dark red, chestnut, or crimson ; bill yellow; feet black.
Crrcococcyx MECHOW! Cabanis.
Cercococcyx mechowi Reich. J. f. O. 1897, p. 14, pl. i. (Centrococcyx mechow?) [Togo] ; id.
Vog. Afr. ii. p. 84 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 526 [Toro]; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907,
p: 436 [ Cameroon}.
a. 9. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 3589. &. B. W.|
b. ¢ imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 7000 ft., llth Jan. [No. 5098.
Ti 18. Wo)
Iris dark brown ; bill horn-colour (adult) or dark brown with the lower mandible
greenish (immature); feet yellow.
Captain Shelley [cf. Cat. Birds B. M. xix. p. 265 (1891)] gives a description of this
species, but states that it was only known to him at that date from the description.
Asa matter of fact, the British Museum contained at least two examples, but these
were wrongly referred to Cuculus solitarius Steph., and will be found in the list of
424 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
specimens of that species catalogued as follows:—‘“d', é'.
(Aubinn). Shelley Coll.”
C. mechowi is easily recognised by its much longer tail, which in the present
Imm. sk. Gold Coast
examples measures 2 7°6 inches, ¢ imm. 74, as compared with about 6 inches in
C. solitarvus.
CucuLUS SOLITARIUS Stephen.
Cuculus solitarius Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 87 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 527 [ Ruwenzori ;
Toro]; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 435 [Cameroon]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 312 [N.W. of
Lake Tanganyika |.
aft. 6 9 et 2 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Rawenzori, 7000-8000 ft., 7th-23rd Jan.
d.
[Nos. 2078, 2091, 2109. G. Z.; 3083, 3099, 3100. &. B. W.]
g- °. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 tt., 29th April. [No. 254. R. #. D.]
SO ae an i xs es 9th & 14th May. [Nos. 1532, 1558. D. C.]
Tris dark brown ; bill black, base of the lower mandible yellow ; feet yellow.
An apparently adult male (No. 1558), killed on the 14th of May, is in curious
plumage. The throat is entirely grey, while the bright chestnut band which usually
occupies the fore-neck and chest is merely indicated by a few rufous and buff feathers.
A second adult male (No. 1532), killed at the same place on the 9th of May, is in
perfectly normal plumage.
The female usually has the band across the fore-neck much paler chestnut and
heavily barred with black; but in one female (No. 3083) the chestnut is quite as bright
as in the male, and the black bars are less conspicuous.
Younger birds have the basal part of the outer web of the primaries barred with
buff, and the innermost secondaries and greater wing-coverts narrowly margined at the
tip with white.
[During January and February the forest-zone on Ruwenzori resounded with the
notes of the Solitary Cuckoo; but in March and April the birds had either nearly all
gone or had become silent. ‘The call is made up of three notes, which, according to
Mr. Bates, have been variously expressed ‘‘ Piet-mijn-vrow” or ‘ Za-so-foé,” meaning
“Who brings the news?” It was also heard in the Congo Forest and at the south
end of Ruwenzori, as well as in the Mpanga Forest. On the mountains this species
never ascended above an altitude of 8500 ft—R. b. W.]
Cukysocovcyx cupRuUS (Bodd.).
Chrysococcyx cupreus Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 94 (1902) ; Stark & Sclater, B.S. Afr. iii, p. 189
(1908) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 438 [Cameroon ].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th Apri. [No. 1452. D. C.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—A VES. 425
b-d. 6 @ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-26th May. [Nos. 379.
TODS Mas 22,03300 Lia bs Wal
ée-g- ¢ Qimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft., llth & 12th June. [Nos. 411,
448. R. LE. D.; 3467. R. B. W.]
Adult. Ivis whitish ; bill and feet black.
Immature. Iris light grey; bill reddish-brown; feet dark brown.
The present series includes all stages of plumage, from the immature to the
adult.
A male (No. 579) still in partially immature plumage has been marked “ breeding”
by Mr. Dent. Only the second primary-quill in each wing and the right-hand outer
tail-feather are in the adult plumage—~. e., black with white spots.
[A few examples of the Didric Cuckoo, so called from its note, were seen on the
plains at the south end of Ruwenzori and in the Upper Semliki Valley. They were
breeding at the end of June.—R&. B. W.]
CHRyYsococcyx KLAASI (Steph.).
Chrysococcyx klaasi Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 98 (1902) ; Stark & Sclater, B. S. Afr. ii. p. 186
(1903) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 437 [Cameroon ].
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 18th Jan. [No. 1167. D. C.]
6. d imm. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 21st May. [No. 2380. G. Z.]
@, de Ss a 3 a Ist & 21st June. [Nos. 407. &. L. D.;
d.
NGGis5 Ds C3)
Iris dark brown; bill olive-green; feet green or olive-green.
[Only one specimen of Klaas’ Cuckoo was seen on Ruwenzori, and was procured
just below the forest-line. A few were seen in the acacia-forest at the south end.
They were always very shy birds and difficult to approach.—R. B. W.|
CHRYSOCOCCYX FLAVIGULARIS Shelley.
Chrysococcyx flavigularis Shelley, P.Z.S. 1879, p. 679, pl. 1.; Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 100
(1902) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 437 [S. Cameroon].
a. 2. Mawambi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., 29th Oct. [No. 575. &. HE. D.]
When volume xix. of the ‘Catalogue of the Birds’ was written in 1891 this species
was not represented in the British Museum. ‘The type, a male, which was procured at
Elmina, Fantee, is now in the Stuttgart Museum, and not in the British Museum as
stated by Dr. Sharpe (‘Ibis, 1907, p. 437). A male was procured by Mr. Bates at the
River Ja, S. Cameroon.
[The only specimen seen was obtained in the Congo Forest in an open clearing
near a village—A. B. W.]
VOL. XIX.—PART Iv. No. 56.—March, 1910. BY ih
426 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
MEeTALLOCOCCYX SMARAGDINEUS (Swainson).
Chrysococcyx smaragdineus Shelley, Cat. Birds B. M. xix. p. 280 (1891); Stark & Sclater,
B.S. Afr. i. p. 185 (1903).
Metallococcyx smaragdineus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 101 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 527
[ Ruwenzori] ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 437 [Cameroon ].
a. 6. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 20th Sept. [No. 3588. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill light green ; feet pale blue.
(The Emerald Cuckoo was seen only in the Congo Forest and in the Mpanga Forest,
east of Ruwenzori. The one obtained was perched at the top of a tall dead tree and
was uttering a loud shrill note. —R. B. W.]
Family TRoGonipa.
HIAPALODERMA NARINA (Stephen).
Apaloderma narina Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 212 (1902).
Hapaloderma narina Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 522 [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 312 [Ponthier-
ville, Upper Congo].
a. 9. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 14th Sept. [No. 514. &. #. D.]
Iris crimson; bill pale yellow; feet dark olive.
HAPALODERMA VITTATUM Shelley.
Hapaloderma vittatum Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 480, pl. xvi. (1892).
Heterotrogon vittatum Reich. Vog. Afr. u. p. 215 (1902).
a. 2imm. Entebbe, 5000 ft., 12th Dec. [No. 1060. D. C.]
u. ¢. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 16th Sept. [No. 621. &. E. D.|
Adult. Iris dark claret-colour; bill pale yellow ; feet black.
Immature. Iris dark hazel; bill black, yellow at the base and on the lower
mandible; feet whitish.
[Both these species of Trogon were seen in the Congo and Mpanga Forests, and
appeared to be rather uncommon birds.—k. B. W.]
Family Couiip &.
COoLIUS AFFINIS Shelley.
Colius leucotis affinis Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 205 (1902).
Colius leucotis Sclater, in Wytsman’s Gen. Av., Picariz, pt. vi. Coliide, p. 5 (1906).
a. é@. Entebbe, 3000 ft., 16th Nov. [No. 1001. D. C.] nent
b-h. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 3rd—20th Jan. [Nos. 63, 103.
a.
BOE DENSON C5) 2066, 2009G wea a0NA, sl 2 dato Wel
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 427
@. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist-17th May. [Nos. 264. lige 18, JON
IST, D, Cos B88, és Te, Wc)
m,n. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist & 6th June. [Nos. 409, 433.
Tike Bt, JD),
Tris slate-colour (November), orange, yellow, or greenish-yellow (January, May,
and June); bill dark grey, culmen and lower mandible whitish ; feet coral-red or
scarlet.
This species was breeding at Mokia in January.
[Shelley’s Coly was plentiful on the plains all around Ruwenzori, and was alsu met
with on the mountains up to the altitude where the forest-line commences, but
not higher. Unlike C. macrurus, this species usually frequents the lower bushes,
especially those overgrown with a tangled mass of creepers. It is usually to be seen
in small flocks. Often on the approach of danger, instead of at once taking to flight,
all the birds disappear into the bush after the manner of rats or squirrels rather than
birds. If the bush is beaten, they eventually come hurrying out, and, with a great
whirring of wings, fly off chattering to some adjacent thick bush, into which they at once
disappear headlong.— Rf. B. W.|
CoLtus Macrurus (Linn.).
Colius macrourus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 210 (1902).
Colius macrurus Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 522 [Toro] ; Sclater in Wytsman’s Gen. Av., Picariz,
pt. vi. Coliidee, p. 4 (1906).
a-d. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—25th June. [Nos. 1622, 1689.
D.C.; 3441, 3464. Rk. B. W.| a
e-l. 6 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—7th July. [Nos. 473. &. E. D.;
1715, 1723. D. C.; 2412, 2413, 2414, 2415. G. ihe]
Iris dark red or dark brown (in one, violet) ; eyelid scarlet ; bill black, base of the
upper mandible and cere pink ; feet pink, dull red, or dark mauve.
[A few Long-tailed Colies were seen among the acacias on the plains at the S.E. of
Ruwenzori, but there they were comparatively rare birds; while further round the
mountains on the S.W., in an exactly similar kind of acacia-country, they were very
numerous. ‘They were seen always in small flocks of six or eight individuals, and
were usually to be found among the taller trees. ‘Their note, which is quite different
from that of C. affinis, is a long-drawn clear whistle, but is not very loud, and is
uttered when flying from the top of one tree to another.—R. B. W.]
428 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
Family CyPSELIDA.,
CYPSELUS MAXIMUS Grant.
Cypselus maximus Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 56 (1907).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 12,000 ft., 30th Jan. [No. 1200. D. C.]
OLS: 3 : 10,000 ft., 14th Feb. [No. 154. R. HE. D.]
(Types of the species.)
This species, the largest known Swift, is most nearly allied to C. africanus Temm.,
but is much larger and darker. The top of the head and upperpart of the body are
dark sooty-brown, with a slight oily gloss; the cheeks, ear-coverts, pectoral band,
and upper and under tail-coverts, as well as the outer web of the quills and the
tail-feathers, are even darker, and inclining to sooty-black. The bill and tarsus
are also proportionately longer than in C. africanus. Iris dark hazel; bill and
feet black.
é. Total length ca. 8°5 inches; culmen from the base of the forehead 0°78, exposed
portion 0°52; wing 9:0; tail 3°35; tarsus 0°8.
2. Total length ca. 8°8 inches; culmen from the base of the forehead 0°78,
exposed portion 0°5; wing 9-2; tail 3-45; tarsus 0-81.
In ©. africanus the wing-measurement is as follows:—9 ¢, 79-84 inches;
22, 7:9-8:3.
[These Swifts were numerous about the higher altitudes of Ruwenzori, and great
numbers were breeding in the high cliffs at 13,000-14,000 ft. They probably also
breed as low down as 10,000 ft., where there are suitable cliffs. One bird was shot
coming out of a crack in a cliff at 10,000 ft. in the Mubuku Valley. A large white-
bellied Swift, which we believed to be of this species, was often seen on the plains
near Lake Edward.—R. B. W.|
Family CAPRIMULGID4Z.
CAPRIMULGUS FossEI Hart]. (Plate XIX. fig. 24, egg.)
Caprimulgus fossei Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 865 (1902).
Caprimulgus fossei clarus Reich. t. c. p. 367.
a—-c. 6 et 6 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 30th May. [Nos. 312,
S13 2Re EDs 3430) 8435432 eli Ve.
Tris, bill, and feet dark brown.
The young birds have the general colour of the upperparts distinctly paler and greyer
than in the adult. According to Dr. Reichenow, both the subspecies mentioned
above occur at Bukoba, on the W. of Victoria Nyanza; but the fact is that the so-called
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES,
429
C. f. clarus is founded on younger specimens, which are paler and of smaller
dimensions.
The five specimens mentioned above measure as follows :—
Wing. Marl
in. in.
3 (3480) 6-45 (=164 mm.) 5-25 (=133 mm.)
6 (3431) 63 (=160 mm.) 5:1 (=129) mm.)
@ (CAB2) 2 2 ce 6 GO (22158 tm) 4:5 (=114 mm.)
Semin, (BIS) 6) 6 GO) (Sil mm.) 4°5 (=114 mm.)
© rma, (GN) os 5 Pl | (aT semn,)) 4:1 (=104 mm.)
According to Dr. Reichenow, the two first-mentioned specimens should be referred
to C. fossei and the remaining three to C. f. clarus.
Two eggs of this species were procured at Mokia on the 10th of July by Mr. R. B.
Woosnam. ‘They have the usual Nightjar type of coloration, and measure respectively
1-15 0°8 and 1:0 0°8 in. One example will be found figured on Plate XIX. fig. 24.
[The Mozambique Nightjar was numerous on the plains around the south end of
Ruwenzori. ‘They were often to be seen in the evenings flying in and out close to
the ground among the acacia-trees. ‘They were fond of settling ‘on the euphorbia-
trees to make their “jarring” cry —R&, B. W.]
CAPRIMULGUS RUWENZORII Grant.
Caprimulgus ruwenzorit Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxii. p. 94 (1909).
a. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 3rd March.
Type of the species. |
[No. 182. R. E. D.
This species is most nearly allied to C. frenatus Salvad., but is altogether darker,
especially on the underparts, the belly and under tail-coverts, like the breast, being
entirely barred with black and buff. The white spot on the inner web of the first
primary is small, situated on the margin, and does not extend more than halfway
across the web; the two outer pairs of tail-feathers have the terminal half white
(2°4 inches deep on the outer pair), the brown on the margin of the outer web
extending almost to the tip; a group of buff spots on the middle of the chest. Iris
dark brown ; bill black; feet brown. ‘Total length ca. 9:0 inches; wing 6-2; tail 4-25;
tarsus 0°66.
A second male example, which is no doubt of this species, was procured in Likipia by
Mr. L. C. Harwood when collecting for Lord Delamere. The tail of this bird is missing.
C. pectoralis Cuv., from §. Africa, is another closely allied species, but lacks the
group of buff spots on the chest; it, however, resembles C. rwwenzori in having the
primary-quills from the 5th inwards black barred with chestnut.
[A few of these Nightjars inhabited an open ferny ridge on Ruwenzori at an elevation
of from 8000-9000 ft. This species was not obtained on the plains below.—R. B. W.]
430 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
CAPRIMULGUS NATALENSIS Smith.
Caprimulgus natalensis Reich. Vig. Afr. 11, p. 367 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 521 [Toro] ;
Grant, Ibis, 1907, p. 601 [Baro R.].
a. 6. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 1029. D. C.]
b. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 30th April. [No. 1461. D.C.]
c,d. ¢ et 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th & 16th June. [Nos. 3474,
3486. 2. B. Wil
Tris dark brown; bill brown ; feet flesh-colour or light brown. —
These specimens agree perfectly with birds from Natal. Mr. Alexander has
recently described two very closely allied species or rather subspecies of this group,
viz. C. chadensis, from Lake Chad, and C. gabonensis, from Gaboon [cf. Bull. B. O. C.
xxi. p. 90 (1908) ].
[The Natal Nightjar was seen near Entebbe, and a few were met with on the plains
at the south end of Ruwenzori ; but it was not a common bird.—R. B. W.]
CoSMETORNIS VEXILLARIUS (Gould).
Macrodipteryex vevillarius Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 371 (1902).
Cosmetornis vexillarius Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 520 [Toro].
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 6th March. [No. 3186. &. B. W.]
bi. 6 2 et d Qimm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-30th May. [Nos. 266,
d. d.
280. R. FE. D.; 1482. D.C.; 3299, 3304, 3305, 3428, 3429. Rk. B. W.] F
k-y. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th-29th June. [Nos. 1645, 1659,
d. al, d. d. d. d.
1664, 1671, 1672, 1673, 1674, 1675, 1681, 1690, 1695, 1706, 1707. D. C.; 3475, 3476.
Its 166 WG]
ze. 6 9 et ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-8th July. [Nos. 474,
476, 480. RE. D.; 1716, 1717, 1724. D. C1]
Iris, bill, and feet dark brown.
The large series of this species collected by the Expedition includes all stages of
plumage of both the male and female.
[The Pennant-winged Nightjar was extraordinarily numerous on the dry plains at
the S.E. end of Ruwenzori between the foot of the mountains and Lake George.
It was no uncommon sight in the evenings to see fifteen or twenty of these curious-
looking birds drifting about around the camp, performing curious antics high in the
air—diving, flopping, and twisting about like Lapwings, and often looking more
like tattered pieces of paper blown by the wind than anything else.
The long pennant-like feathers were just beginning to make their appearance in
the first week in May.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. A351
These Nightjars were also seen at Fort Beni and Irumu, but never in such numbers
as at the south end of Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.|
Family BUCEROTID 4.
CERATOGYMNA ATRATA (Temm.).
Ceratogymna atrata Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 239 (1902).
a. 6. Irumu, Eturi Forest, 3000 ft., 18th Oct. [No. 571. &. H. D.]
Iris crimson ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet black.
[A few examples of the Black Hornbill were met with in the Eturi Forest.—
Ji Je Ao
BYCANISTES SUBQUADRATUS Cabanis.
Bycanistes subquadratus Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 419 (1892).
Bycanistes subcylindricus Reich. Vig. Afr. li. p. 241 (1902) [part.].
a,b. ¢. 20 miles W. of Entebbe, 25th Nov. [Nos. 9, 10. R. E. D.]
Iris dark brown ; bill brown, white at the base of the casque; feet black.
Dr. Reichenow considers that the W. African B. subcylindricus Sclater is founded
on immature examples of B&. subqguadratus Cab.; but he overlooks the fact that the
type of B. subcylindricus, a female, is a perfectly adult bird, having lived for eight
years in the Zoological Society's Gardens, Regent’s Park. As stated in the description
and shown in the figure (P. Z. S. 1870, p. 668, pl. xxxix.), it has the greater wing-
coverts black.
ln addition to the specimens from Entebbe in the present collection there are two
adult birds (sex not indicated) from the same neighbourhood in the British Museum.
All these four specimens have the greater wing-coverts black widely tipped with
white, and at present I see no reason for supposing that B. subguadratus is synonymous
with B. subeylindricus, unless it can be proved that the latter is the female and the
former the male of the same species. In other species of the group the plumage of
the sexes is the same, and the only external difference is to be found in the shape
of the casque.
{This Hornbill was plentiful throughout the journey from Entebbe to Ruwenzori,
but was never seen on the mountains. It was very numerous in the Mpanga Forest
to the east of Ruwenzori. When flying, its wings make almust as much noise as
those of a Swan, and its vocal powers are tremendous. ‘Three or four would some-
times perch on the top of a tall tree and hold a concert, a most extraordinary din of
raucous cawings.—L. DB. W.|
432, ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Count Salvadori has recently described a large Hornbill (Bycanistes aloysiz) (ef. Boll.
Mus. Tor. xxi. no. 542, p. 1 (1906)] procured in the neighbourhood of Entebbe by the
Duke of the Abruzzi. It is said to differ from B. subquadratus in having the terminal
third of the two middle tail-feathers white. I have no doubt that the middle pair
of tail-feathers are missing in the specimen described, and that the second pair
have been mistaken for them. In that case B. aloysii should be referred to the
synonymy of B. subguadratus.
LoPHOCEROS FASCIATUS (Shaw).
Lophoceros fasciatus Reich. Vég. Afr. ii. p. 248 (1902) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 313 [Kasongo,
Upper Congo].
a. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 3524. R&. B. W.|
Iris brown; bill red and cream-colour ; feet black.
LOPHOCEROS MELANOLEUcUts Licht.
Lophoceros melanoleucos Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 249 (1902).
Lophoceros suahelicus Neumann; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 516 [Toro].
a, 6. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 20th March. [Nos. 218, 219.
R. HE. D.)
ce. 6. Mokia, E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th May. [No. 1552. D. C.]
Iris pale yellow or pale cream-colour; bill red, with a margin of yellow at the
base ; feet black.
[A few examples of the White-and-Black Hornbill were seen up to 6500 ft., but
they were only stray visitors from the plains below.—f. Bb. W.]
Family Upupip2,
Upupa AFRIcANA Bechst.
Upupa africana Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 886 (1902).
a. 2. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 5th May. [No. 2333. G. £.|
Iris dark brown ; bill black ; feet grey.
[No other example of the African Hoopoe was seen.—R. B. W.|
Inpisor viRIDIS Licht.
Trrisor viridis Grant, Ibis, 1902, pp. 433, 434.
Irrisor erythrorynchos viridis Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 340 (1902).
a. 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd May. [No. 267. Rk. f. D.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet red.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 433
This specimen appears to belong to the smaller shorter-tailed South African form
of I. erythrorhynchus (Lath.), but the white wing-band is somewhat wider, as in
specimens from Swaziland (cf. ‘Ibis,’ 1902, p. 454). Specimens collected by Doggett
at Mulema, S. Uganda, are typical long-tailed examples of J. erythrorhynchus
(cf. Grant, ‘ Ibis,’ 1905, p. 209).
[The Lesser Red-billed Wood-Hoopoe was shot among the acacia-trees on the
plains at the south-east end of Ruwenzori.—f. B. W.|
Trrtsor JACKSoNI Sharpe.
Trrisor jacksoni Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 343 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 517 [Toro].
a. ¢imm. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 15th Sept. [No. 519. Rk. E. D.]
b. ¢. 30 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3900 ft., 12th Aug. [No. 1776.
JB), Gs
Iris dark hazel; eyelid red ; bill and feet red.
[Jackson’s Weod-Hoopoe was often seen in the Eturi Forest and in the Mpanga
Forest, east of Ruwenzori. It was generally seen in flocks of a dozen or more
individuals, climbing about high up in the trees.—2. B. W.|
RHINOPOMASTUS SCHALOWI Neumann.
Rhinopomastus cyanomelas schalowi Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 347 (1902).
Rhinopomastus schalowt Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 517 [Toro].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th April. [No. 1438. D. C.]
b-m. 3 2 et dimm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-31st May. [Nos. 275,
d. d
5, SUL, BOS, Lh 36 D3 GOB. I. CLs BAS, MRIO, Ce Tiare 3334, 3335, 3390, 3391.
5 be Vie
mn. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd June. [No. 3440. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet black.
All the above specimens, with the exception of No. 311, are typical R. schalowi?,
with a broad white subterminal bar on the outer tail-feathers. In No. 311, which is
a female, the white subterminal markings on the two outer pairs of tail-feathers
are much reduced, being merely spots of white. This bird is therefore a typical
example of R. cyanomelas (Vieill.) from 8. Africa, and should perhaps be referred
to that form.
[Schalow’s Wood-Hoopoe was very plentiful in the acacia-forest on the plains
vround the south end of Ruwenzori; but it was never seen on the mountains.—
R. BW
VOL. X1X.—pPart iv. No. 57.—March, 1910. 3M
434 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family MEROPID &.
MELITTOPHAGUS OREOBATES Sharpe.
Melittophagus oreobates Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 320 [ Mt. Elgon]; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 803
(1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 518 [Ruwenzori].
a. @. Luimi Valley, N.E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft. 29th Sept. [No. 3619.
Tis Jas UA
b. 3. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 29th Dec. [No. 1070. D. C.]
c,d. 2 et 3 vix ad. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 5th & 9th Jan.
[NIG Se 1s Jee 105 ID, 3 NON ID, (05) a
e,f. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-7000 ft., 8th & 16th Feb. [Nos. 2149,
2156. G. L.]
Iris crimson or dark red; bill black ; feet brown, olive-brown, or grey.
Two eggs were taken by Mr. Gerald Legge from a nest in a hole in a bank in the
Mubuku Valley on the 16th of February and the female bird (No. 2156) was shot off
the nest. ‘They are of the usual rounded oval type, very glossy, and pure white. ‘They
measure ‘9°75, °9°76 inch.
[A few Cinnamon-breasted Bee-eaters were seen along the lower slopes of E. Ruwen-
zori and were occasionally met with up to an altitude of 8000 ft. They were not
very plentiful. B. W.]
MELITTOPHAGUS MERIDIONALIS Sharpe.
Melittophagus meridionalis Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 45, pl. i. fig. 4 (1892); Reich.
Vig. Afr. it. p. 307 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 518 [Toro].
a,6. 3. 80-100 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500-4100 ft., Ist & 4th Dec. [Nos. 1020,
1083. D. C.]
ce. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 14th Mar. [No. 2195. G. L.]
d. Ad. es hs a 4th April. [No. 228. &. L. D.|
e-l. 3 2 et 2 imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd-18th May. [Nos.
2363, 2304, 2366. G. L.; 3306, 3307, 3308, 3360.—R. B. W.]
m-g. ¢ 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd-14th June. [Nos. 414, 418,
A305 le He 2399. 24 00 Gaeea
Adult. Iris dark red or crimson ; bill black; feet dark grey, brown, or black.
Immature. Iris brown; bill black ; feet brown or grey.
[This Bee-eater was seen near Entebbe and was plentiful around Ruwenzori, but was
never met with above an altitude of 6000 ft. It was very numerous at the south end
of the range— 2. B. W.]
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 435
MEROPS ALBICOLLIS Vieill.
Aerops albicollis Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 317 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 518 [Toro].
a,b. ¢ 2. Entebbe, 3500 ft., 19th Nov. [Nos. 2002, 2003. G. Z.]
c. ¢. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 1026. D. C.]
Iris scarlet or dark red; bill black ; feet brown or dirty yellow.
It is difficult to understand for what purpose Dr. Reichenow has followed Reichenbach
and separated this species generically from Merops; even the character said to be
found in the slight difference in the shape of the wing is not constant.
Merops AprasTer Linn.
Merops apiaster Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 820 (1902).
a. 6 imm. 90 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 3rd Dec. [No. 24. R. ED.)
6. ¢ imm. Luimi Valley, N.E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., lst Oct. [No. 5622. R. Bb. W.]
Iris crimson (a), pale chestnut (d); bill black ; feet brownish-black.
Both these immature birds are in somewhat worn plumage. In specimen a many
of the adult chestnut feathers of the mantle are partially grown, but are still mostly
concealed by the green plumage characteristic of immaturity.
[A few examples of the Common Bee-eater were seen near Entebbe, and a small
flock was met with in the Luimi Valley on Ruwenzori at an altitude of 6000 ft.—
R. BW)
Merops PErsicus Pall.
Merops persicus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 322 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 518 [Toro].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 22nd April. [No. 2282. G. Z.|
b. 3 imm. 5 5 19th May. (No. 3386. &. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet black.
No. 2282 is a fine specimen almost entirely in freshly moulted plumage. No. 3386
is probably the young of this species, but in some respects it nearly approaches
AM. superciliosus, and may be the result of interbreeding.
MEROPS SUPERCILIOSUS Linn.
Merops superciliosus Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 325 (1902).
a-d. 6 @. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 3rd-24th May. [Nos. 1618. D. C.-
2320; 2323, 2376. G. 0.
é-g. 6 2. Mokia, 8.K. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th-18th June. [Nos. 437, 471.
Ik, 18, 1,2 2BOU. Gi, Lbs]
Iris scarlet or dark crimson ; bill black ; feet grey.
No. 2376, though in most respects a typical example of the present species, has the
3M 2
436 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
white superciliary stripe tinged with greenish-blue and the crown mixed with feathers
of a similar colour; possibly this colour is due to wear alone, as the greenish
feathers are all in a worn condition, while the new and partially grown feathers are
olive-brown. It would be interesting to know to what extent, if at all, this species
interbreeds with the closely allied I. persicus.
Family CoRaci1p&.
EURYSTOMUS AFER (Lath.).
Eurystomus afer Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 228 (1902).
a,b. 3 @. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [Nos. 497. R. E. D.;
1752. D. C.}
Iris dark brown ; bill yellow ; feet grey or dark olive-green.
Wing: ¢ 169 mm., ° 172 mm.
EURYSTOMUS RUFOBUCCALIS Reichenow.
Eurystomus rufobuccalis Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 231 (1902).
a, 0. 3 2. 60 miles) Wirof Entebbe, 3700) ft.) 29th Nov. = INos. LOM 2DNCr
2012. G. L.]
c. d. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 3rd Dec. [No. 2016. G. ir
This form is easily distinguished from E. afer by having the rump and median upper
tail-coverts chestnut-brown like the back, instead of blue; while the underparts lack
the dark shafts to the feathers which form rather a conspicuous character in £. afer.
The wing measures :— ¢ 181-182 mm.; 2 178 mm.
Family ALCEDINID#.
HALCYON CHELICUTENSIS (Stanley).
Halcyon chelicuti Reich. Vog. Afr. 11. p. 271 (1902).
Halcyon chelicutensis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 516 [Toro]; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 315 [N.W. of
Lake Tanganyika ].
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Ist May. [No. 2310. G. Z.]
G65 8 Qs 5 a i Ist & 22nd June. [Nos. 1666. D. C.;
3438. R. B. W.)
Iris dark brown ; upper mandible dark red in the male, black in the female, lower
mandible red: feet red.
[The Striped Kingfisher was plentiful on the plains round the south end of
Ruwenzori. It seems to prefer the dry acacia-country to the streams or lakes.—
R.B.Wi
W. R. OGILVIH-GRANT—AVES. 437
HALCYON SEMICAHRULEUS (Forsk.).
Halcyon semiceruleus Reich. Vog. Afr, 11. p. 276 (1902).
Halcyon semiceruleus centralis Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 190.
Haicyon centralis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 516 [Toro].
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th April. [No. 2298. G. L.]
é,c. ¢ et ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft., 22nd & 23rd May. [Nos. 361.
BEDS WAT 8: DY Ci
d. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 16th June. [No. 460. &. H. D.]
Aduit. Tris dark brown; bill and feet red.
Immature. Iris dark brown ; bill brown ; feet chocolate.
[The African White-headed Kingfisher was plentiful on the plains at the south end
of Ruwenzori, and was always seen among the dry acacia-country.— 2. B. W.]
HALCYON PALLIDIVENTRIS Cab.
Halcyon pallidiventris Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 235 (1892).
Halcyon swainsoni Reich. (nec Smith) Vog. Afr. i. p. 278 (1902).
H. s. swainsoni Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 190.
Halcyon semiceruleus hyacinthinus Reich. ; Neumann, J. f. O. 1905, p. 190.
a. 6. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th May. [No. 2358. G. Z.]
6. 3. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 24th July. [No. 1754. D. C.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet red.
It must be evident to anyone who has read Smith’s original description of Haleyon
swainsont (cf. S. Afr. Quart. J. 1834, p. 143) that Dr. Reichenow is wrong in uniting
that bird with H. pallidiventris Cab. Smith writes that the “back, middle of the
wing, and tail are blue with a green gloss” in H. swainsont, whereas in the present
form they are deep hyacinth-blue or purplish-blue. 7. swainsoné is said to have been
procured in the interior of South Africa, a somewhat vague locality.
HIALCYON SENEGALENSIS (Linn.).
Halcyon senegalensis Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 242 (1902); Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 282
(1902).
a-g. 6 2 et ¢ 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-23rd May. [Nos.
309, 359, 360. R. H. D.; 1494, 1502, 1518, 1570. D. C.]
h. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 7th June. [No. 438. &. # D.)
i. 2. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 21st July. [No. 486. R. #. D.]
Tris dark brown ; upper mandible red, lower black; feet black.
| The Senegal Kingfisher was plentiful in the acacia-forest on the plains around the
south end of Ruwenzori and was seen at Fort Beni on the edge of the Eturi Forest.
It was never found near water, but seemed to frequent only the rather dry country
covered with acacia-trees. It has a curious loud trilling note, difficult to describe.—
R. BW
438 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Ha.cyon cyanoLevcvs (Vieill.).
Halcyon cyanoleucus Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xvii. p. 245 (1892) ; Reich. Vég. Afr. it. p. 284
(1902).
a. 6 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th April. [No. 1430. D. C.]
6. 3 imm. e “i u 20th May. [No. 301. &. #. D.]
Iris hazel or dark brown ; upper mandible red, lower black (red at the base in tbe
younger bird) ; feet black.
This species closely resembles fH. senegalensis, and occurs side by side with it
over the greater part of its range. It has been distinguished by its bluish head and
larger size, but, curiously enough, the character by which it is most easily distinguished,
viz. the black band behind the eye, has of recent years been lost sight of, though
mentioned and figured by Dr. Sharpe [ Mon. Alced. p. 189, pl. 69 (1869)]. It is a very
constant character and found in the young as well as in the adult birds.
Hacyon Babius Verr.
Halcyon badius Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 285 (1902).
a. d imm. 20 miles N. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 11th Aug. [No.
A C3
Iris dark hazel; bill red ; feet dark reddish-brown.
IsprpiNna Picta (Bodd.).
Ispidina picta Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 286 (1902) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 516 [Toro |.
a. 2 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft, 20th April. [No. 2304. G. L.]
bf. 6 Qets 2 imm. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., lst-24th May. [Nos. 1475,
1606. D. C.; 2315, 2389. G. L.; 3406. Rk. B. W.]
Adult. Vis dark hazel ; bill and feet red.
Immature. Tris dark brown ; bill black; feet salmon-pink.
(‘The little Rose-cheeked Kingfisher was not uncommon along the edge of Lake
Edward and was also often to be seen in the dry acacia-country.—2#. b. W.|
Myrocgyx RuFICEPS (Hartl.).
Myioceyx ruficeps Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 289 (1902) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 315 | Ponthierville,
Upper Congo ].
a. ¢. Avakubi, E. Congo Forest, 2500 ft., Ist Nov. [No. 3654. 2. B. W.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet scarlet.
[The small Chestnut-headed Kingfisher was met with in the forest, but not in the
vicinity of water.—2. B. W.|
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 439
CORYTHORNIS CYANOSTIGMA (Riipp.).
Corythornis cyanostigma Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 289 (1902).
a.
a-e. 3. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 25th-28th June. [ Nos. 1682, 1683, 1702,
d.
1703, 1704. D. C.]
[The Malachite-crested Kingfisher was plentiful along the edge of Lake Edward.
It was also often seen in the dry acacia-country.— 2. B. W.]
CERYLE RUDIS (Linn.).
Ceryle rudis Reich. Vig. Afr. ii. p. 295 (1902).
d.
a,6. 3. Mokia, $.B. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 29th April. [Nos. 3291, 3292. 2. BW.)
Tris dark brown; bill and feet black.
| Che Pied Kingfisher was very numerous on Lake Edward and on the Semliki River.
—R. B.W.)
Family PsitTacip &.
AGAPORNIS PULLARIUS (Linn.).
Agapornis pullarius Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 21 (1902); Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 514 [Toro] ;
Sharpe, Ibis, 1907, p. 428 [ Cameroon ].
a. 3. 30 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 26th Nov. [No. 1011. D. C]
b-e. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th—29th May. [Nos. 350, 387.
JB, J9), JD), & 9365. @. Ths BOM, 18, 1B, 7]
Iris dark brown or black ; bill pink, red, or scarlet ; feet grey or pale greenish-crey.
[We did not see this Love-Bird on Ruwenzori, though it was plentiful at Entebbe
and a few were seen at the foot of the mountains at the south-east. It was generally
met with in small parties of from six to a dozen individuals.—R. B. W.]
PaioCEPHALUS AUBRYANUS (Souancé).
Poicephalus gulielmi aubryanus Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 10 (1902).
a. 3. Mawambi, K. Congo Forest, 3000 ft., 28th Oct. [No. 574. Rk. H. dD.)
Tris orange; bare skin on the face yellow ; bill and feet black.
[One example of the Congo Parrot was obtained in the forest to the west of
Mawambi. Very few examples of this species were seen, but the common Grey Parrot
(Psittacus erithacus) swarmed throughout the forest—R. B. JW. |
PaOocCEPHALUS REICHENOWI Neumann.
Poicephalus meyert reichenowi Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 14 (1902).
Peocephalus saturatus Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xi. p. 67 (1901) [N. Ankoli].
440 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a,b. ¢ 2. 70 miles W. of Entebbe, 3600 ft., 30th Nov. & Ist Dec. [Nos. 2013.
Gees 02 Osten Boye
cf. 6 et ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th-22nd May. [Nos. 283,
Re Jie VOIDS BNA AW 0), On) i
g-i. 2 et ¢ imm. Mokia, 8.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 19th June. [Nos. 1647, 1648,
1649. D. C.]
Iris orange or red; bill and feet black or grey.
P. reichenowi is at best a poor subspecies of P. meyeri (Cretzsch.), the upper-
parts being, as a rule, somewhat darker brown than in Abyssinian specimens.
Dr. Reichenow admits no less than five subspecies of P. meyer; but of these, two
at least, P. m. virescens Reichenow and P. m. matschiet Neumann, are, in my opinion,
indistinguishable from typical examples of P. meyert from Sennar. I think that
in P. transvaalensis and P. damarensis the lower back and rump are always bluer
than in P. meyeri, irrespective of season (cf. remarks by Mr. Boyd Alexander, ‘ Ibis,’
1900, p. 429).
In two quite freshly moulted males of P. reichenowt (Nos. 283 and 357), killed
in May, the lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts are bright grass-green like the
breast and belly. As the plumage becomes worn these parts become bluer, as is clearly
shown by the series before me, which includes specimens procured in June, August,
November, and December.
[Reichenow’s Parrot was seen throughout the journey from Entebbe to Ruwenzori ;
it was not seen on the mountains, but was plentiful in the acacia-country at the south
end of the range and in the Semliki Valley.
This Parrot was never very easy to approach, as it was always careful to fly out on
the opposite side of the tree, usually defeating its pursuers. Its flight is straight and
extremely swift.—R. B. W.]
Family BUBONID&.
SYRNIUM SUAHELICUM Reich.
Syrnium woodfordi var. suahelicum Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 669 (1901).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 5th Jan. [No. 3073. R. B. W.]
Iris dark hazel; bill and feet yellow.
[One example of this eastern form of Woodford’s Owl was procured on Ruwenzori
at an altitude of about 7000 ft., where the bamboo and forest intermingle ; but it must
be a rare bird cn the mountains.—&. 4. W.|
GLAUCIDIUM PERLATUM (Vieill.).
Glaucidium perlatum Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 674 (1901) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 315 [N.W. of
Lake Tanganyika].
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 44]
a. 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th June. [No. 2395. G. Z.]
Iris light yellow ; bill yellowish-green ; feet yellow.
[A few examples of this Pigmy Owl inhabited the acacia-country around the south
end of the range, but they were by no means common. I only once heard their
curious note, which is a succession of whistles forming an ascending scale with equal
intervals.— Rh. B. W.]
Buso Lacteus (Temm.).
Buébo lacteus Reich. Vig. Afr. i. p. 650 (1901).
a. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 6th May. [No. loll. D. €]
Iris black ; bill pale horn-colour; feet grey.
[A few examples of Verreaux’s Hagle-Owl were seen in the acacia-forests on the
plains to the south-east and south-west of Ruwenzori—F. B. W.]
Family FALCONID &.
ELANUS CHRULEUS (Desf.).
Elanus ceruleus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 615 (1901).
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 26th June. [No. 1694. D. C.]
The Black-shouldered Kite has the iris orange-red, the bill black, and the cere and
feet yellow.
MILyus Gyprivs (Gmel.).
Milvus egyptius Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 609 (1901).
a. 3 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 22nd Jan. [No. 124. RB. H. D.]
Oe Ss 35 i <3 8th Feb. [No. 150. 2. £. D.]
Adult. Iris dark brown ; bill and feet yellow.
Immature. Iris dark brown ; base of the upper mandible and the lower mandible
yellow, rest of the upper mandible dark brown; feet yellow.
[The Egyptian Kite was numerous on the plains around the mountains, but more so
on the east side than on the west. It was met with up to an altitude of 7000 ft., but
was not observed above that elevation. On the 7th of March, on the east side of the
mountains, a great company of Kites, not less than 300, was seen in the evening.
They were circling round and round, high in the air, like Rooks, and travelling towards
the north. On the 10th of August, on the west side of the range, a similar sight was
witnessed, and the birds were again travelling in a northerly direction —R. B. W.]
HELOTARSUS ECAUDATUS (Daud.).
Helotarsus ecaudatus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 598 (1901).
a. d. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 9th June. [No. 441. R. HD]
VOL. XIX.—PART IV. No. 58.—March, 1910. 3.N
449 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Tris chestnut ; cere orange ; bill orange-yellow, tip dark horn-colour ; feet orange.
[The Bateleur Eagle was occasionally seen on the lower slopes and on the plains
below the mountains. The one obtained was shot by Mr. Dent with a small-bore
rifle while it was soaring at an altitude of some 400 ft. in the air—R&. B. W.|
Lopnoabtus occipiTaLis (Daud.).
Lophoaétus occipitalis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 582 (1901).
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 20th March. [No. 1392. D. C.]
Iris dark yellow; cere yellow ; bill horn-blue, blackish at the tip ; feet yellow, claws
black.
[The Black-crested Eagle was occasionally seen on Ruwenzori up to an altitude of
10,000 ft.-R. B. W.]
Burteo aveur (Riipp.).
Buteo augur Reich. Vig. Afr. i. p.592 (1901) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 511 [Entebbe; Toro] ;
Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 315 [ Mufumbiro Volcanoes ].
a. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 9th March. [No. 3191. R. B. W.]
Iris brown ; bill dark grey; cere yellow; feet yellow.
{The Augur Buzzard was not met with above an altitude of 7000 ft.—R. B. W.|
Burro aveurais Salvad.
Buteo auguralis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 593 (1901).
a. 6 imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6090 ft., 4th Jan. [No. 1092. D. C.]
b,c. 2 imm. He ‘ oS 6000-7000 ft., llth Feb. [Nos. 2153.
Gis JG,.8 GINGA, Tey, ee, YZ)
Iris hazel (male) or whitish (female); bill black, horn-blue at the base ; feet yellow.
(The Lesser Augur Buzzard was not uncommon on Ruwenzori up to an altitude of
8000 ft., and was occasionally seen up to an elevation of 12,500 ft—2. B. W.]
BUTEO DESERTORUM (Daud. ).
Buteo desertorum Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 594 (1901) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 512 [Ruwenzori ;
Toro].
a. @vixad. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 24th March. [No. 1417. D.C]
Iris dark yellow ; bill black; cere yellow; feet yellow.
In this example of the African Buzzard the wing measures 13:4 inches (=340 mm.).
The tail is greyish-brown tinged with rufous and has nine dark cross-bars; in the
fally mature bird the tail-feathers are chestnut with indistinct bars.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 443
MELIERAX GABAR (Daud.).
Micronisus gabar Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 565 (1901).
a. ¢ imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 18th May. [No. 342. R. E. D.]
The Red-faced Goshawk has the iris yellow, the bill black, the cere yellow, and the
feet red.
CircUS MACRURUS (Gmel.).
Circus macrourus Reich, Vog. Afr. 1. p. 585 (1901).
a. ¢imm. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4000 ft., 9th Dec. [No. 2026. G. L.]
Iris light yellow; bill black ; feet yellow.
An immature example of the Long-tailed Harrier with the entire underparts pale
fawn-colour.
ACCIPITER MELANOLEUCUS Smith.
Astur melanoleucus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 551 (1901).
a. 29. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 24th Feb. [No. 1263. D. C.]
Iris light brown; cere yellow; bill black, light blue-grey at the base; feet yellow.
A fine adult example of this giant Sparrow-Hawk, which is an extremely rare bird
in the mature plumage.
[The Great Black-and-White Sparrow-Hawk is a rare bird on Ruwenzori. A pair
was often seen in the Mubuku Valley, flying about over the forest, or just below it.—
R. B. Wi]
Family ANATID &.
ANAS SPARSA Eyton.
Anas sparsa Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 115 (1900).
a. S. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000 ft., lst Feb. [No. 3144. R. B. W.)
Iris dark brown; bill pinkish-white, mottled with black; feet orange.
[The Black Duck was occasionally seen on the larger rivers on Ruwenzori up to
an elevation of 12,000 ft. In January one or two pairs were breeding in a broad
swampy part of the Mubuku Valley at about 10,000 ft.—&. B. W.]
QUERQUEDULA crRciA (Linn.).
Anas querquedula Linn.; Reich. Vég. Afr. 1. p. 121 (1900).
Querquedula circia Salvad. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxvii. p. 293 (1895).
a. d. Fort Portal, Uganda, 5009 ft., 5th March. [No. 2176. G. Z.]
Iris hazei; bill black; feet slate-grey.
[The Garganey was met with only on a small crater-lake near Fort Portal, where
it was not very common.——f, B. W.]
oN Z
444 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
SARCIDIORNIS MELANONOTA (Pennant).
Sarkidiornis melanotus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 129 (1900).
a. 2. Fort Portal, Uganda, 5000 ft., Ist July. [No. 3497. R. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill black ; feet grey.
[A flock of about twenty examples of this Comb-Duck was seen on a small crater-
lake near Fort Portal. This was the only occasion upon which they were met with.—
is Beall
Family OTIDID az.
LIssOTIS MELANOGASTER (Riipp.).
Otis melanogaster Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 256 (1900) [part.].
Lissotis melanogastra Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxviii. p. 836 (1905).
Lissotis lovati Grant, Ibis, 1902, p. 453, pl. xi. & text-fig. 10.
a,b. 6 2. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [Nos. 1009. D.C;
3003. &. B. W.]
When separating the southern black-winged form of Lissotis from the Abyssinian
species, L. melanogaster (Riipp.), by an unfortunate oversight I renamed the Abyssinian
bird LZ. lovati. This mistake was pointed out by Mr. Oberholser, who has now named
the southern black-winged form L. notophila.
[A few examples of the White-winged Bustard were met with on the plains around
the south end of Ruwenzori, but they were rather uncommon. A pair was also seen
near Entebbe.—fk. B. W.]
Family G2DICNEMID 4.
CEDICNEMUS VERMICULATUS Cabanis. (Plate XIX. fig. 17, egg.)
CEdicnemus vermiculatus Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 200 (1900).
a,b. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft, 26th May. [Nos. 3418, 3419.
Its JB Vi
Iris pale yellow, speckled with brown; bill black, yellow at the base; feet pale
dirty yellow.
An egg of this species procured by Mr. Woosnam is much like that of @. edicnemus
(L.). It is of a slightly pointed oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-
colour is pale buff, heavily blotched and spotted with dark brown markings, which form
a partial ring round the larger end, and there are underlying small spots of lilac-grey.
It measures 1°8 x 1°52 inch.
[A few examples of the Vermiculated Thick-knee were met with on the plains
around the south end of Ruwenzori, and a nest containing a single ege was found
among the gravel on the shores of a small salt-lake at Kikerongo, 8.K. Ruwenzori.—
RB. W.)
W. BR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 445
Family ParRip #.
PHYLLOPEZUS AFRICANUS (Gmel.).
Actophilus africanus Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 267 (1900).
a. 3. Entebbe, 3000 ft., 15th Nov. [No. 2001. &. Z.]
Iris dark hazel; upper mandible slate-blue, lower mandible darker; feet slate-blue.
[The African Jacana was seen on Victoria Nyanza and on a small crater-lake near
Fort Portal.—R. B. W.]
Family GLAREOLID&.
GLAREOLA PRATINCOLA (Linn.).
Glareola fusca (Linn.); Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 144 (1900). 4
a-d. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, loth June. [Nos. 3481, 3482, 3483, 3484.
R. B. W.|
Iris dark brown ; bill black, red at the gape; feet dark brown.
[Great numbers of Pratincoles frequented the open shores of a small salt-lake
at the south-east end of Ruwenzori in June and the early part of July—R. B. W.|
GALACTOCHRYSA EMINI (Shelley).
Glareola emint Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 147 (1900).
a. $. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 19th July. [No. 481. R. EL D.]
Tris dark brown; bill black, red at the base; feet red.
[Numbers of Emin’s Pratincole were seen flying up and down over the rapids on the
Semliki River. ‘The species was met with again on the Aruwimi River, near its junction
with the Congo.—R. B. W.]
Family CHARADRIID4S.
LoBIVANELLUS LATERALIS (Smith).
Lobivanellus lateralis Reich. Vig. Afr. 1. p. 194 (1900).
a. 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 12th June. [No. 450. R. £. D.]
Iris stone-colour ; eyelids yellow; wattles yellow, red at the tip; bill yellow, tip
black ; feet yellow.
[A few examples of this Wattled Lapwing were seen around the shores of Lake
George and among the native cultivations.—A. B. W.|
STEPHANIBYX INORNATUS Swainson.
Stephanibyx inornatus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 179 (1900); Grant, Ibis, 1905, pp. 203, 212
{Mulema, 8S. Uganda]; Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 509 [Toro].
446 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a,b. 9. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 2nd—5th May. [Nos. 1480, 1505. D. C.]
Iris pale yellow ; bill and feet black.
[This Plover was occasionally seen on the plains near Lake Edward.—R. B. W.|
ToraNus ocHRopus (Linn.).
Totanus ochropus Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 222 (1900).
a. @. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 2nd Feb. [No. 141. R&. £. D.]
Iris dark brown; bill olive-brown; feet olive.
[A few Green Sandpipers were seen on the rivers on Ruwenzori up to an altitude of
10,000 fk. B. W.]
GALLINAGO NIGRIPENNIS Bonap.
Gallinago nigripennis Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 236 (1900).
a. 6. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 2nd Dec. [No. 1028. D. C.]
b. 6. Basoko, Upper Congo River, 1500 ft., 16th Nov. [No. 600. &. E. D.]
Iris dark hazel; bill brown or dark brown; feet greyish-green or pale yellow.
[A few examples of this Snipe were seen near Entebbe and also on the Congo near
Basoko, where one was obtained.— Rk. B. W.]
Family RALLID&,
CREX CREX (Linn.).
Crex crew Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 277 (1900).
a. 2. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 2005. G. Z.]
{This was the only example of the Corn-Crake met with during the Expedition.—
R. B. W.|
CREX EGREGIA (Peters).
Crex egregia Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 278 (1900).
a. 9 imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th June. [No. 442. R. FE. D.]
Iris hazel; eyelids yellowish-brown ; bill and feet greyish-brown.
[Two examples of this Crake were seen on the plains to the S.E. of Ruwenzori.—
RB. Wi
|
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 44
Family COLUMBID &.
VinaGo CALYA (Temm.).
Vinago calva Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 394 (1901) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 316.
a. 3. 40 miles W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft., 13th Aug. [No. 3548.
Ji, 185 Vio
Iris ight blue; cere and basal part of the bill pink, tip white; feet yellow.
[This Green Fruit-Pigeon was very plentiful in the Congo Forest. It was to be
seen flying about in small flocks of from 10 to 15 individuals, which usually kept to
the tree-tops.—R. B. W.|
FLAPLOPELIA JACKSONI Sharpe.
Haplopelia jacksont Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiv. p. 93 (1904) [Ruwenzori].
a,b. 2 et 2 juv. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000 ft., 20th & 21st Jan.
[Nos. 1170. D. C.; 3125. &. B. W.]
c. ¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 9th Feb. [No. 2150. G. L.|
d,e. 6 et dimm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 8000-9000 ft., 13th—30th March.
[Nos. 1335. D. C.; 2262. G. L.]
Iris dark reddish-brown, purple, or mauve; bill black; feet dark pink or dull red.
The type of this species is a quite immature bird, as is evidenced by the shape of
the bill, which is long and thin, and by the rufous edges of the secondary-quills and
of some of the wing-coverts.
The present collection contains two fully adult male examples: these differ from
the type in their larger size and greyer underparts, shading into whitish on the belly,
while the grey tips of the tail-feathers are much wider (1:3 inch) and much more
sharply defined.
The adult female differs from the male. ‘The upperparts are earth-brown, shading
into bronzy-rufous on the upper mantle, nape, and occiput, and there is no trace of
the grey, violet- or green-glossed, mantle which characterises the male; the entire
underparts below the neck as well as the under tail-coverts are rich vinous.
Another specimen (No. 2262), which has been marked “3” by Mr. Legge, has the
upperparts like those of the two adult males mentioned above, but the underparts
are rich vinous like those of the female. It is difficult to account for this inter-
mediate plumage, for the immature male type, though obviously a quite young bird,
does not differ much from the adult male in the colour of the underparts, which are
mostly grey suffused with vinous on the breast.
A quite young female example has the upperparts earth-brown, as in the adult
female, but the quills and wing-coverts are margined with rufous and the feathers of
AA8 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
the forehead are whitish, tipped with brown; the chin and throat are white; the
breast narrowly barred with dark brown and rufous; and the belly and under tail-
coverts rufous, shading into lighter brown on the sides and flanks.
Wing.
GS excls (NOUR), 6 co 5 on 6 6°3 inches.
GPU ee SUNOS MISE Ie ees, oe ap Gili
@ immature (No: 2262)" 2a ea GP
GF man (HOS) 0° 6 6 6 5 6 & BY 55
Qeadullt# (Nora 5) es. ee ener me 62 ,,
Oimmiature) (Noww70) == oe BG)
I may here remark that H. seimundi Sharpe, from Fernando Po, and H. plumbescens
Sharpe, from Efulen, S. Cameroon, are the adult and young of one and the same
species, the latter name having priority. An adult male example recently sent home
by Mr. Bates from the River Ja, S. Cameroon, agrees perfectly with the type of
H. seemundi.
[Jackson’s Dove was found only on Ruwenzori; it frequented the forest and lower
half of the bamboo-zone and, though not uncommon, was a difficult bird to procure.
We often saw a Dove in the same region which appeared to be smaller and almost
black in colour, but it was always met with among the thickest and darkest parts
of the forest and for some months we failed to obtain a specimen. We nicknamed
this bird the “ Black Dove.” Eventually Mr. Carruthers shot what we believed to be
a “Black Dove,” and it proved to be a young example of H. jackson. Whether this
was really the bird we named the “ Black Dove” or not is uncertain, for it was always
very shy and remarkably strong on the wing, and never conveyed the impression of
being an immature bird.—R. b. W.|
CoLUMBA ARQUATRIX Temm.
Columba arquatriz Reich. Vég. Afr. 1. p. 403 (1901).
a-f. 6%. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., 16th-18th Feb. [Nos. 1254,
1235, 1936, 1240, 1941. D. C.; 2187. G. LJ
g. 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 9000 ft., lst March. [No. 1278. D. C.]
Iris dark grey, eyelids yellow ; bili and feet bright yellow.
Dr. Reichenow has described as C. sjéstedti an allied species from Cameroon with
the head entirely grey.
[The Spotted Wood-Pigeon was found on Ruwenzori up to 10,000 ft. In December
vast flocks frequented the lower slopes of the mountains, but early in March not one
was to be seen in the same locality, though higher up the mountains, at 8000-9000 ft.,
they were numerous from the middle of February till the middle of March. They
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 449
were feeding upon the berries of the Podocarpus trees, and were then quite unfit
for human food; indeed, they are probably poisonous if eaten constantly, as we found
to our cost.—R. B. W.}
CoLUMBA UNICINCTA Cassin.
Columba unicincta Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 401 (1901).
a,b. 6 2. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 13th & 19th Sept. [Nos. 511.
Ite Lis ID, 8 BNI. Tite seis i/o)
This species is new to the British Museum. ‘There are examples in the Jackson
Collection.
[This fine Wood-Pigeon was plentiful both in the Congo and in the Mpanga Forests,
but was an extremely difficult bird to obtain, as it frequented the tops of the tall trees.
Although its deep mournful cooing was constantly to be heard, it was seldom seen
within shot. It was not met with in the forest-zone on Ruwenzori, although at
certain times C. arquatrix was numerous there.—R. B. W.|
TURTUR SENEGALENSIS Linn.
Turtur senegalensis Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 406 (1901) ; Grant, Ibis, 1908, p. 316 [N.W. of
Lake Tanganyika].
Stigmatopelia senegalensis Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 509 [ Toro].
a. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe, 4100 ft., 6th Dec. [No. 1041. D. C.]
6-g. ¢ 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 5400 ft., Ist-19th May. [Nos. 1468, 1469,
d. d.
1540, 1579, 1587, 1588. D. C.|
Tris dark hazel; bill black; feet dull red.
[The Senegal Turtle-Dove was very plentiful on the plains in the dry acacia-country
around the south end of Ruwenzori, but was not seen on the mountains. It was met
with near Entebbe and Fort Portal.—R. B. W.]|
‘TURTUR DAMARENSIS Finsch & Hartl.
Turtur capicola damarensis Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 414 (1901); Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 203
| Mulema].
ad. 9 vix ad. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 19th May. [No. 1694 D. C.]
Iris dark hazel; bill black; feet dull red.
[The Damaraland Turtle-Dove was plentiful at the foot of the mountains around
the south end of Ruwenzori, but did not appear to occur above 5000 ft. It was
always a remarkably shy bird.—R&. B. W.]
VOL. XIX.—PartT Iv. No. 59.—March, 1910. * 30
450 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI] EXPEDITION.
TURTUR SEMITORQUATUS (Ripp.).
Turtur semitorquatus Reich. Vég. Afr. 1. p. 409 (1901); Grant, Ibis, 1905, pp. 203, 204
[ Mulema and 8.W. Ankoli].
Streptopelia semitorquata Jackson, Ibis, 1906, p. 508 [Entebbe; Ruwenzori].
a &. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 1008. D. C.]
6. Ad. 80 miles W. of Entebbe, 3800 ft., 3rd Dec. [No. 3025. &. B. W.]
c-g. 6 2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 1st-20th January. [Nos. 72.
R. B. D.; 1085, 1088, 1109. D, C.; 3124. R. BW]
Tris dark hazel, with a ring of red or orange; eyelids red; biil black; feet red, dull
red, or pink.
[The Half-collared Turtle-Dove was plentiful all round the range and ascended to
the lower margin of the forest-zone, but was never seen above 7000 ft.—R. B. W. |
TYMPANISTRIA TYMPANISTRIA (Temm.).
Tympanistria tympanistria Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 424 (1901).
a. S. 120 miles W. of Entebbe, 4200 ft., 8th Dec. [No. 1048. D. C.] a
b,c. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000 ft., 18th & 20th Jan. [Nos. 1166,
IW re JD, Ga)
d. 3 imm. es S i 5000 ft., 14th March. [No. 2198. G. L. |
e, f. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 11th & 23rd May. [No. 358. R. E. D.;
d.
1547. D. C.|
Tris dark hazel; bill black, dark reddish-brown, or mauve; feet dull red.
[This beautiful Dove was occasionally seen on Ruwenzori up to 7000 ft. It was
rather uncommon below the mountains, but was met with throughout the journey.—
R.B. Wi]
CHALCOPELIA AFRA Linn.
Chalcopelia afra Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 426 (1901) [part.]; Erlanger, J. f. O. 1905, p. 132,
pl. vii. fig. 1; Oberholser, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxviii. p. 844 (1905) ; Jackson, Ibis, 1906,
p. 509 [ Ankoli].
a. 6. 12 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 1007. D. C.]
b, ¢ 2et ¢imm. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 5000 ft., 23rd—28th March.
[Nos. 2233, 2255. G. L.]
d-f. 3 2. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 10th-24th May. [Nos. 314. R. # D.;
4
g-t. 6 2. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 15th-16th June. [Nos. 1631, 1632.
3492. R. B. W.|
W. RK. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES. 451
iris dark hazel, eyelids red; bill red, pink, or mauve; feet red or pink.
All these specimens appear to be typical examples of C. afra Limn., with the wine-
spot purple in freshly moulted specimens, but this colour becomes green with wear
and exposure.
[The Purple-spotted Dove was met with from Entebbe to Fort Portal and all round
the foot of the mountains, but was never seen above 6000 ft.—R. B. W.)
Family TurRNIcID &.
‘TURNIX NANA Sundev.
Turmx nana Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 303 (1900).
a,b. §. Mokia,S.E. Ruwenzori, 3rd & 8th May. [Nos. 263. R. E. D.; 2319. G. LL |
6. Gs . ae 17th June. [No. 1643. D. C.|
Tris grey or hazel; bill brown or horn-colour; feet brown or flesh-colour.
[This little Button-Quail was met with only on the dry plains around the south end
of Ruwenzori.— Rk. B. W.]
Family PHASIANID &.
COTURNIX DELEGORGUEI Deleg.
Coturnix delegorguei Reich. Vg. Afr. i. p. 507 (1901).
a. 6. Southern Ruwenzori, 3000 ft., 23rd June. [No. 2411. G. L.|
Iris hazel; bill black ; feet flesh-colour.
| Delegorgue’s Quail was a rather uncommon bird and appeared to frequent those
localities where the grass was very short and the soil dry.— 2. B. W.]
EIXCALFACTORIA ADANSONI (Verr.).
Excalfactoria adansoni Reich, Vog. Afr. i. p. 509 (1901).
a,6. 3. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 4th & 17th May. (Nos: 1o72. D.C. ;
d.
2326. G. L.]
C2, 6 Ea ks Pe 4th & 17th June. [Nos. 1642. D.C;
d.
3451, 3402. Rk. B. W.]
Inis red, dark red, or pink ; bill black ; feet yellow. j
[A few examples of Adanson’s Painted Quail were seen on the plains round the
south end of Ruwenzori.—R&. B. W.]
452 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
FRANCOLINUS SCHUETTI Cabanis.
Francolinus schuetti Reich. Vog. Afr.i. p. 468 (1901).
a—c. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 22nd & 25th Feb. [Nos. 1257,
WAG ID OR BULB, Jim Je Za
d. 6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6500 ft., 3rd March. [No. 1282. D. C.]
Iris dark brown; bill and feet bright red.
[Schuett’s Francolin was not uncommon in the Toro district above 4000 ft., and was
occasionally seen on the east side of Ruwenzori up to 6500 ft. It was not found at the
south end of the range, its place being taken by Pternistes cranchi.—R. B. W.|
FRANCOLINUS ICTERORHYNCHUS Heugl.
Francolinus icterorhynchus Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 476 (1901).
a. 6. N. Ruwenzori, 2000 ft., 20th Aug. [No. 3552. R. B. W.]
Iris dark brown ; bill and feet yellow.
[A few examples of this Francolin were seen near the north end of Ruwenzori
between the Semliki River and Irumu. ‘They might sometimes be seen perched on the
lower branch of a tree—R. B. W.]
FRANCOLINUS MULEM& Grant.
Francolinus muleme Grant, Ibis, 1905, p. 212 [Mulema, 8. Uganda].
a. 2. 20 miles W. of Entebbe, 3500 ft., 24th Nov. [No. 8. &. £. D.]
Tris dark brown ; bill dark horn-colour ; feet olive-yellow.
This Francolin was first procured by the late Mr. Doggett at Mulema, 8. Uganda,
and in’S.W. Ankoli.
PTERNISTES CRANCHI (Leach). (Plate XIX. fig. 8, egg.)
Pternistes cranca Reich. Vég. Afr. i. p. 457 (1901).
a-c. 6. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 29th April. [Nos. 1453, 1454. D.C;
2300. G. L.]
d,e. gd et d imm. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th May. [Nos. 1561. D. C.;
3424. Rk. B. W.]
f-h. 6 et o vix ad. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 13th-19th June. [Nos.
1626, 1634, 1651. D. C.]
Iris dark brown; bare skin round the eye and on the throat red; bill and feet red.
Six eggs of this species are of a blunt oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are
uniform pale lilac-buff, rather finely pitted and mottled all over with white. They
measure from 1°52 to 1°55 inch in length and 1°8 in width.
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES. 453
[Cranch’s Bare-throated Francolin was numerous on the plains among the acacia-
country around the south end of Ruwenzori. It was seldom seen during the heat of
the day, but towards sunset its hoarse call resounded on all sides and the old cocks were
often to be seen perched on the top of an ant-heap. P. cranchi was met with in the
Toro district up to 4000 ft., its place being taken above that altitude by Hrancolinus
schuetti. A nest of this species was found at the edge of a native path; the eggs, six
in number, were placed in a slight hollow lined with a little grass and feathers, under
the shelter of a large tuft of grass.— Rk. B. W.|
NUMIDA PTILORHYNCHA Licht.
Numida ptilorhyncha Reich. Vog. Afr. 1. p. 445 (1901).
Numida ptilorhyncha toruensis Neumann, J. f. O. 1904, p. 410 |'Toro].
a. 6. 70 miles W. of Entebbe, 3700 ft., 29th Nov. [No. 18. &. H. D.]
b. ¢. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., 28th May. [No. 3423. #. B. W.]
GS 5 3 3 9th June. [No. 386. &. HE. D.]
Iris dark brown; bill horn-colour or brown, base of the upper mandible reddish ;
wattles and bare skin blue; feet dark brown or dark grey.
[The Abyssinian Helmeted Guinea-fowl was not found on Ruwenzori, but was
numerous below the mountains in the more open country, especially at the south end
of the range.—Z. B, W.|
GUTTERA CRISTATA (Pall.).
Guttera cristata Reich. Vog. Afr. i. p. 450 (1901); Grant, Bull. B.O.C. xxii. pp. 14, 31
(1908).
Guttera cristata granti Reich. t. c. p. 451.
Guttera cristata seth-smithi Neumann, Bull. B. O.C. xxiii. pp. 13, 31 (1908) [Unyoro].
Guttera cristata suahelica Neumann, ]. c. pp. 14, 31 [Lindi, German E. Africa].
a. 9. 20 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley, 3000 ft, 11th Aug.
[No. 2447. G. L.]
Tris dark brown; bill horn-colour; bare skin on the head blue, and on the throat
and fore-neck red; feet black.
[A large flock of these Crested Guinea-fowl was met with in the Eturi Forest near
Fort Beni.—R. B. W.|
454 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
APPENDIX.
On some Points in the Anatomy of Bradypterus cinnamomeus.
By W. P. Pyerart, F.Z.S., MB.O.U., &c.
I. InrRopwucrory.
Tue following short notes on the pterylosis and certain muscles of the wing and leg
in Bradypterus cinnamomeus were made on a single specimen, preserved in spirits,
taken on Western Ruwenzori at an altitude of 7000 feet. This specimen is now in
the British Museum (Natural History) (vide anted, p. 35d).
II. PreryLoGRariy.
Since the pterylosis of this bird presents no very striking peculiarities, it will not be
necessary to describe each tract minutely ; only those features, in short, which seem to
be peculiar to this genus, and possibly some allied forms, will be described in detail.
Preryla capitis (text-fig. 14 a, pt.cap.)—This tract is very thickly feathered, the
continuation of the apterion colli lateralis, which in Phylloscopus, for example, extends
forwards to embrace the whole side of the head as far as the eye—save for a circle of
feathers surrounding the aperture of the ear,—is here only traceable with difficulty,
and is interspersed with tiny semiplumes, as also is the apferion colli laterale through-
out its length.
Pt. spinalis (text-fig. 14 a, pt.sp.).—The most striking feature of this tract is the
broad fan-shaped saddle which is formed over the middle of the back, terminating
immediately over the pre-acetabular ilium.
Pt. caudalis (text-fig. 14 a, pt.c.).—There are 10 rectrices, which have rather stiff
shafts and loose, almost discontinuous vanes.
Pt. colli ventralis (text-fig. 14 6, pt.col.v.).—This tract, from the middle of the neck
forwards to its Junction with the pt. capitis at the throat, is reduced to a double row
of small weak feathers. Rather below the middle of the neck it bifurcates, forming
two broad well-defined bands, which, passing backwards, merge with the pt. ventralis.
Pt. ventralis (text-fig. 14 b, pt.vent.).—This tract is rather broad; at the level of
the knee, however, it suddenly narrows and is continued backwards on either side
of the abdomen, finally converging to meet in front of the cloacal aperture.
Pt. femoralis (text-fig. 14 a, pt.fem.)—Though narrow, this tract is sharply defined
and extends in a transverse direction from the middle of the thigh backwards to the
base of the rectrices.
W. P. PYCRAPI- AVES: APPENDIX. 455
Pt. cruralis (text-fig. 14 6, pt.cr.).—This is not a very sharply defined tract, and the
feathers become semi-plumous towards the knee.
Pi. humeralis (text-fig. 14 a, pt.h.).—Sharply defined and narrow, this tract offers no
peculiarities worthy of special comment.
Pt. alaris:—
Metacarpo-digital renuges or primaries (text-fig. 15, p. 456).—The tenth, counting
from the wrist outwards, relatively long, extending as far as the distal 4 of the 9th
remex ; the covert of this remex is very short. The 5th to 7th remiges subequal, and
Text-fig. 14.
Pterylosis of Bradypterus cinnamomeus.
a, dorsal aspect; 6, ventral aspect.
longest in the wing. The extreme shortness of the outer primaries is a noticeable
point. Secondaries 9, but the 9th much reduced.
The coverts offer no points calling for comment.
The Podotheca.—The acropodium is covered by 3 large and 3 small distal scutes ;
the planta by a single plate.
The Claws are moderately large and strong.
456 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The Rhamphotheca.—Vhere is the faintest perceptible trace of a notch at the tip
of the beak, and the nostrils are somewhat pear-shaped in outline, tapering forwards.
They are protected by a membranous operculum having a thickened free edge, and
the aperture posteriorly exposes a portion of a turbinal scroll.
Rictal bristles are barely traceable ; the aperture of the ear is large and opens
upwards and forwards.
Pterylosis of Bradypterus compared with allied Forms.
Unfortunately it has been found impossible to institute a series of comparisons
between the pterylosis of Bradypterus and any considerable number of allied forms.
An attempt has been made, however, towards this much desired end by contrasting
Bradypterus with one or two genera which are at any rate distantly allied.
TVext-fig. 15.
The extended wing of Bradypterus, showing its rounded character.
Bradypterus differs from Sylvia and Phylloscopus in the shape of the dorsal expansion
of the pt. spinalis, which is fan-shaped and of considerable width, and this constitutes
a striking difference, since in the genera just referred to this region of the tract takes
the form of a long oval. Bradypterus differs even more from Acrocephalus, for in the
latter this expansion is of a A-shape, the stem and arms being very broad; they join
two similar but very slender arms, which rapidly converge and form a narrow stem,
continued backwards to the uropygium. Thus a small more or less diamond-shaped
apterium is formed immediately over the pre-acetabular region of the ilum.
Acrocephalus, Sylvia, and Phylloscopus all agree, however, in having rictal bristles,
and these are barely traceable in Bradypterus. Bradypterus, again, is peculiar among
these genera on account of the great length of the 10th primary.
Acrocephalus, on the other hand, is peculiar in the specialized character of its feet,
since the toes and claws are conspicuously long, while the plantar surface of the toes
W. P. PYCRAFT—AVES: APPENDIX. 457
shows a decided adaptation to the bird’s mode of life—clinging to reeds; and this
because the proximal portion of the toes, and especially of the hallux, is markedly
expanded and closely granulated, so as to afford a hold of smooth-stemmed rushes.
There is no approach to this in the font of bradypterus.
III. Myonoey.
The condition of the deltoideus major and gastrocnemius muscles only need be
described for the purposes of this paper.
Wing-Muscles.
The deltoideus major in Bradypterus is in a condition rather more primitive than
that of the Whitethroat and Chiffchaff, but is slightly more specialized than in
Acrocephalus ; while in all these genera this muscle has preserved more of its primitive
character than is usual among the Passeres.
Text-fig. 16.
OFS.
/ hi
A
ah Hy!
kag () _—-a pl. or
A v2 ee i
ee TN car > ANN
7 HN
Wing-muscles of Bradypterus, slightly diagrammatic.
The longus division (text-fig. 16, d.m./.) is divisible into two layers. The outer rises
from the inner aspect of the expanded free end of the furcula; while the inner and
immediately underlying moiety, which is nearly as large as the outer, arises from the
acrocoracoid. ‘These two divisions, obviously derived from a two-headed condition of
a single muscle, fuse midway down the arm to be inserted in the form of a thick
fleshy stump on to the ectepicondylar process of the humerus, but distinct from the
delt. maj. brevis.
vOL. XIx.—PartT Iv. No. 60.—WMarch, 1910.
(3)
ine)
458 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The érevis portion is of large size, extending the whole length of the humeral
shaft. With regard to its origin it may be noticed that, in addition to the usual
attachment to the os hwmero-scapulare (text-fig. 16, 0.h.s.), it has also a ligamentous
slip from the neck of the scapula.
In Acrocephalus the longus division has similarly two points of origin, and fusion
between the two moieties does not take place till midway down thearm. The muscular
belly thus formed is continued downwards to be inserted in common with the tendon
of the brevis division. This tendon looks, indeed, as if it really belonged to the d. m.
brevis, and as if the /ongus division had grafted itself on to the brevis portion just before
this passes into tendon.
Leg-Muscles.
Of the leg-muscles of Bradypterus only the gastrocnemius is of sufficient interest
to demand notice here.
The external head is very thick, fleshy, and spindle-shaped; the belly terminates in
a point rather below the middle of the tibial shaft, where it gives place toa long
tendon joined almost at once by the tendons of the middle and tibial heads. The
belly, at about its middle, and just below the biceps loop, sends off a thin sheet of
muscular fibres to the middle head.
The tibial, like the external head, is very strongly developed, and ends in a point
running parallel with, and anchored to, the tendon proper to this head by a thin sheet
of tendinous tissue. The tendon, it will thus be seen, is rather peculiar, for, instead of
forming a continuation of the extremity of the fleshy portion of the muscle, it is given
off from the post-axial border of the belly—that is to say, the tendinous portion of
the muscle becomes concentrated rather high up, and not at the end of the muscle
as is usual.
The middle head is short and thick, and sharply truncated distally, giving place
very suddenly to a tendinous sheet which runs parallel to, and is fused with, the tendon
of the tibial head just described. Lower down the leg, however, this tendinous sheet
develops a fairly well-marked and typical tendon along its middle, and this eventually
joins the tendons of the external and middle heads. But this head shows a decided
tendency to fuse with the tibial head, and this condition is actually reached in the
Whitethroat, where it passes into the tibial head near the middle of that division.
In Acrocephalus the middle head is extremely feeble, taking the form of a thin sheet of
muscle terminating abruptly as in bradypterus, and attached, as it were, to a delicate
tendinous sheet stretched between the terminal halves of the fleshy bellies of the
external and internal heads. Not until this sheet has nearly approached the ankle-
joint is the characteristic tendon developed.
Not the least interesting fact about the gastrocnemius of Bradypterus is the fact
that the fused tendons of the external and tibial heads are ossified. This ossification
W. P. PYCRAFT—AVES: APPENDIX. 459
extends downwards to about the level of the distal § of the tibial shaft, and upwards
along each tendon as far as the fleshy portion of its respective muscle.
My attention was drawn to this fact by Mr. Woosnam, who, in skinning specimens
of this bird, found these tendons difficult to sever.
IV. SuMMARY.
Owing to the fact that I had but a single specimen of Bradypterus for dissection,
which it was desirable to keep as complete as possible, and but little material for the
purposes of comparison, it is not possible to say anything definite as to the probable
systematic position of this genus. It is certainly distinctly separable from the genera
with which it has been compared. My colleague Mr. Ogilvie-Grant is inclined to
think it may stand somewhere near Cetti’s Warbler, and I hope shortly to have
specimens of that bird for dissection in order that this point may be tested.
The relatively shallow keel on the breast-bone and the great development of the
gastrocnemius muscle show that it is not much addicted to flight, and the peculiar,
‘almost discontinuous character of the tail-feathers may be taken as further evidence on
this head.
i
bo
18
ia AL
)
3
4
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE X.
. Malimbus fagani Grant, 3, p. 270.
. Spermospiza poliogenys Grant, 2, p. 283.
. Pyromelana crassirostris Grant, 3 , p. 287.
. Neisna nyanse Neumann, ¢, p. 302.
Trans Lol Soe Vel MI’.
d.Green,Chromo hth.
1. MALIMBUS FAGANTI, Grant .o 2.SPERMOSPIZA POLICGENYS, Grant.?
8. PYROMELANA CRASSIROSTRIS. Grant. A, NEISNA NYANSA’, Neumann. o
ih
fi
tea
464 W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XI.
Figs. 1 & 2. Nesocharis ansorgei Hartert, ¢ 2, p. 295.
Fig. 3. Cryptospiza salvadorti Reichenow, 3, p. 296.
4. Pytelia belli Grant, 3, p. 291.
TransLlocl, Sec Fit MASE NL
J.Green,Chromo lth.
1,2. NESOCHARIS ANSORGEI,(Hartert)¢\?. 3.CRYPTOSPIZA SALVAD ORI, Reichenow. o
4 PYTELIA BELLI, Grant.c.
int
ips
OR
As,
“Watiest
yet
Geant
;
ui
ee
;
a
W. BR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XII.
Figs. 1 & 2. Nectarinia dartmouthi Grant, 3 ¢, p. 318.
Fig. 3. Cryptolopha alpina Grant, 3, p. 407.
J.Green ,Chromo hth
42
I. NECTARINIA DARTMOUTHI,Grant.¢,
nw
.CRYPTOLOPHA ALPINA, Grant.
5h)
ites {1
ie
Rae Mstovoy thee
satis
ye
Rope wake
ae
468 W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT— AVES.
PLATE XIII.
Fig. 1. Pholidornis denti Grant, 3, p. 332.
2. Anthoscopus roccatu Salvadori, 3, p. 335.
3. Sylviella denti Grant, 3, p. 364.
4. Anthus leggei Grant, 3, p. 314.
rans Lol Soe VLAN FOAM.
J.Green,Chromo litn
1 PHOLIDORNIS DENTI,Grant.¢ 2. ANTHOSCOPUS ROCCATII,Salvad.o%
i
3.SYLVIELLA DENTI, Grant.¢: 4. ANTHUS LEGGEI, Geant .&
NE ay
4
shan
eRe
ath 2S iN
ciEN, a
Lenin
nt a
eset i yes
eisai a)
GAT SCI
Fig.
it
)
—e
By
2)
4
W. KR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XIV.
. Erythrocercus congicus Grant, 3
Apalis affinis Grant, 3, p. 358.
1 gin Crenny, 2. 0 GI.
3,
, ruwenzorid Jackson, p.
> ps 403:
360,
Frans Loot Soc YAMA ICM,
J.Green,Chromo hth.
LERYTHROCERCUS CONGICUS, Grants 2. APALIS: AFFINIS, Grant.
3.APALIS DENTI,Grant.¢. 4 APALIS RUWENZORI,Grant. 3d.
bo
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES,
PLATE XV.
Fig. 1. Alethe woosnami Grant, 3
5 Ak
2. 4, carruthersi Grant, 3 lp ee
TransLvcl Soc VlAMAIVAV.
J.Green,Chromo lith.
_ALETHE CARRUTHERSI, Grant, ¢.
inv)
1. ALETHE WOOSNAMI, Grant. o.
2
ts
ae aey
metal
PA Nev,
Ay4 W. KR. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
Pe AW Tie Ne Vale
Fig. 1. Bradypterus alfredi Hartlaub, 2
3
p. 306.
2. Cossypha archert Sharpe, 3, p. 370
yf} I >|
3. Bradypterus barake Sharpe, 3 , p. 356.
CANT.
r
2)
IM
Le
0.06
ol.
G2
FOHUD =O
d.Green, Chromo hth.
,Sharpe.c.
ry
2. COSSYPHA ARCHERI, Sharpe..c.
-BRADYPTERUS BARAKA
Q
(3)
1 BRADYPTERUS ALFREDI, Hartl. 2:
a
my
y
aie ay
pate
Bu
ya
AS
cs Ds
iz ar
PANINI exe
Z Wire
W. RK. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XVIL.
Fig. 1. Phyllanthus czarnikowi Grant, 3, p. 378.
2, Bleda woosnami Grant, 3, p. 384.
Frans Loot Yoo VAM ICM
d.Green,Chromo lith.
1,.PHYLLANTHUS CZARNIKOWI,Grant.& 2.BLEDA WOOSNAMI, Grant. c\
EN)
yeas
theron
Duh
!
wy,
hes
He
;
Tae)
aay
Bf
ne
. J (
PLA
fe)
W. Rk. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XVIII.
. Trochocercus bedfordi Grant, ¢ , p. 403.
. Batis diops Jackson, ¢, p. 398.
. Chloropeta gracilirostris Grant, 6, p. 397.
. Tarsiger ruwenzori Grant, 3, p. 394.
J.Green,Chromo lith.
1.TROCHOCERCUS BEDFORDI, Grant. 2. BATIS DIOPS,dJackson.¢.
8. CHLOROPETA GRACILIROSTRIS,Grant.¢ 4.TARSIGER RUWENZOBRI, Grant.¢
PLATE XIX.
480 W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT—AVES.
PLATE XIX. (Eeas.)
Fig. 1. Emberiza flaviventris, p. 309. Fig. 13. Terpsiphone suahelica, p. 404.
2. Hyphantornis jacksoni, p. 276. 14. Cisticola chubbi, p. 351.
3. Geocichla piagge, p. 368. 15. Amblyospiza melanonota | 5
sake ; r p. 282.
4. Hyphantornis jacksoni, p. 276. 16. a Bs
5. Emberiza flaviventris, p. 309. 17. dicenemus vermiculatus, p. 444.
6. Sylviella barake, p. 362. ; 18. Sitagra aliena, p. 279.
7. Cinnyris cupreus, p. 325. 19. Tarsiger ruwenzori, p. 394.
&, Pternistes cranchi, p. 462. 20. Xenocichla kikuyuensis, p. 382.
9. Nectarinia kilimensis, p. 317. 21. Telephonus erythropterus, p. 337.
10. Camaroptera griseoviridis, p. 364. 22. Laniarius erythrogaster, p. 340.
11. Cisticola erythrops, p. 348. 23. Telephonus erythropterus, p. 337.
12. Cryptolopha alpina, p. 407. 24. Caprimulqus fossei, p. 428.
Grant Loot Soe VAMASCATA,
24
ye)
<0)
20 al
rn
H.Gronvold pinxt J.Green ,Chromo hth
FIGURES OF EGGS OF BIRDS MET WITH ON RUWENZORI.
. hae
ane
nites alee
ACR .
: by Q
oe
Sia
a we
on
TRANSACTIONS
OF
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF LONDON.
Vou. XIX.—Parr 5.
(PLarus XX .—X XIV.)
LONDON:
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cae 9
RUWENZORI EXPEDITION REPORTS.
17. MAMMALIA.
By OupFiELD Tuomas, F.R.S., F.Z.S., and R. C. Wroventon, 2.2.8.
Received October 21, read November 17, 1908.
[Puates XX.-XXIV.*}
Tue collection of Mammalia formed by the members of the Ruwenzori Expedition
is, perhaps, both for number and quality, the finest ever made in any one locality in
Africa, the British Museum set alone consisting of 363 ‘f perfectly prepared modern
skins and 62 spirit-specimens, representing 85 species and subspecies, of which no less
than 34 have proved to be new. In addition, a considerable number of duplicates
have been distributed.
This excellent result is due partly to the extreme richness of the Fauna, which
combines elements of Congo, Cameroons, Uganda, and Great Lakes origin, and partly
to the fact that no less than three members of the Expedition had had previous and
successful experience in mammal-collectine—Messrs. Woosnam and Dent in Bechuana-
land, and Mr. Carruthers in Palestine. All were trained and enthusiastic trappers,
and, as a result, in spite of the climatic conditions under which they worked, the
preparation of the skins is absolutely perfect.
So rich and varied, however, is the Fauna of Ruwenzori that no doubt much still
remains to be done, especially among such forms as are not to be obtained by trapping,
the list of Monkeys, Bats, and Ungulates being particularly likely to be increased in
the future, while the series of Rodents is probably more complete in proportion than
that of any other group.
As was to be expected, a considerable number of new species were discovered by
the Expedition, many of them of a very striking and distinct character. Particularly
noticeable are Cercopithecus denti, Rousettus lanosus (the Mountain Fruit-Bat),
Lophuromys woosnami, Otomys dartmouthi, anc Funisciurus carrutherst,
* For explanation of the Plates, see pp. 520-528.
7 Of these, 42 specimens were obtained by Mr. Douglas Carruthers on Lake Kivu and the Upper Congo
after the main work of the Expedition was over, including the new forms Cercopithecus leucampyx aurora,
Funiscurus antome, and Lophuromys laticeps.
VOL. X1X.—PaRT V. No. 63.._March, 1910. 28
482 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
The following is a complete list of the new forms discovered, with references to the
original notices. A. is the first set of descriptions published by Thomas (Ann. Mag.
N. H. (7) xviii. pp. 136 e¢ seqq., 1906) and B. the second (op. cit. xix. pp. 118 et seqq.,
1907).
Cercopithecus denti. . . . + . +. +. P. Z. S. 1907, p. 2, pl. 1.
33 leucampyx carruthersi Pocock. P. Z. 8. 1907, p. 691.
ah leucampyx aurora. . . . . Infra, p. 485.
Galago thomasi Bllict. . . . . . . . Ann, Mag. N. H. (7) xx. p. 189.
iRousetius lanosus ies ie. Ney cemetcaiie (ican petal iA
Myosorex blarina . 1. . . . +... . A.p. 199.
CHD WONG 6 6 doo 60, & 6 oo) AX [eb Mets.
ay FROST POO «sg dk og No [0b Mele
Sylvisoren lunaris . . . . . . - - . A.p. 189.
zi GRU 5 6b 3), 6B Sis TENS
Poiana richardsoni ochracea Thos. & Wr. . Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 372 (1907).
Mungos sanguineus proteus . . . . . . B.p. 119.
Crossarchus fasciatus macrurus . . . . - B.p. 120.
Sciurus rufobrachiatus semliki . . . . . B.p. 120.
Funisciurus antonie Thos.& Wr. . . . . T.c. p. 377 (1907).
a Carruthers) Sale eee pegl tO:
Graphiurus soleatus . . . ...-.- ; Infra, p. 499.
Tatera ruwenzorit . . . . . . + + ~- Infra, p. 500.
Otomys dartmouth. ae 4. Aa pelale
HAC NcaHaHEDS Wigs oles...) ua.) eae alive Ne Siac. d ease
Mus jacksont montis . . . . - + . Infra, p. 503.
ey CUNUBD 6 ob a oo oe gh aie la | UNG jh IAM,
» univittatus lunaris . .. . . . - A.p. 145.
Hegel GOO 5 3 5 goo 98) 1G eeko Js Met
ay Nh CEO BON con wy, oe! be Misa eaman ee aceh Os BOLE
i) PGB. og 5 le 6 0 0 0 8 ae Linen jo. BON
Thamnomys venustus . . . . . . . - B.p. 122.
5 Gryds) ee) ee ue eS yD eno3.
(Enomys bacchante editus . . . . . . Infra, p. 509.
Lophuromys laticeps Thos. & Wr. . . . Tc. p. 383 (1907).
Bs WOM so 0-48 0 6 MNo 9s NAG,
Dasymysnontantis|- i ier en nt PACs paglas.
Se MEALUS IG) MA Rete) sa eocas Pena
Arvicanthis macculus . . . . . . . . Infra, p. 515.
Mr. Woosnam’s observations on the habits and local ranges of the species are added
to our notes on the specimens, with his initials appended to them.
OLDEIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 485
Family CERCOPITHECID &.
1. CoLoBus occIDENTALIS Rochebr.
3. 145. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori.
2. 169,170. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
‘the second species of Colobus mentioned by Mr. Woosnam was most probably
C. ruwenzori.
[Colobus Monkeys were very rarely seen on Ruwenzori, but they occasionally
ascended as high as 8500 ft., the limit of the forest-zone. Another species of Colobus
vas numerous in the Mpanga Forest east of Ruwenzori. ‘The Red Colobus was not
met with, and must be very rare in the district.—R. B. W.]
| CoLoBuUs RUWENZORI Thos.
Type obtained by Sir H. H. Johnston. No additional specimens were brought
home by the Expedition. ]
[| CoLOBUS RUFOMITRATUS TEPHROSCELES Elliot.
Discovered by Sir H. H. Johnston in 1900. From the Ruahara River, 4000 ft.]
2. CERCOCEBUS ALBIGENA JOHNSTON! Lyd.
Go WA, O. UGS, Whoever, owes, loa; leronienl
In the existing doubt as to the proper allocation of C. aterrimus Oudemans, we follow
Mr. Pocock, and use the name C. gohnstoni for these specimens.
[A few of these Monkeys were seen in the Mpanga Forest, but they were not at all
common. ‘They were not found on Ruwenzori.—R. B. W.]
3, CERCOPITHECUS ASCANIAS SCHMIDTI Matsch.
é. 171. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
[Not found on Ruwenzori, but plentiful in the Congo and Mpanga Forests. In the
Congo Forest it is a common sight to see the small native bows adorned with the red
tails of this Monkey, slipped on to the unstrung bow while the skin is green.—R. B. W.|
4. CERCcOPITHECUS Denti Thos.
184, Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
A member of the C. campbelli-mona group, but not darkened on the posterior back
and hind limbs, and with a very sharply contrasted white belly. .
Upper surface of head and neck olive-grey, the usual light frontal band present but
not conspicuous. Back dark grizzled chestnut-brown (nearest to ‘umber-brown” of
382
484 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Ridgway) ; colour of rump not darker, but, on the contrary, passing gradually into the
paler tone of the hips and hind legs. Under surface from chin to anus, and inner
sides of limbs to wrists and ankles, clear creamy white, very sharply defined from
the darker colour, not only on the limbs, as in C. campbelli and others, but also along
the flanks, where the white rises nearly halfway up the lateral aspect of the animal.
Ears with short yellowish tufts rising from their inner surfaces. Outer sides of fore
limbs deep black from elbows. Hind limbs grizzled yellowish-olive, lighter than the
back, down to and including the ankles; the metatarsals and toes black. ‘Tail indis-
tinctly blackish above at the base, then dull greyish white for two-thirds of its length,
darkening again to black on its terminal third.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 501 mm.; tail 850; hind foot 155; ear 40.
Skull: greatest length 105 mm.; basal length 75; breadth of brain-case 55; length
of upper cheek-tooth series 23.
Hab. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, E. Congo Forest ; alt. 3000 ft.
Type. Adult male. B.M.no.7.1.2.1. Original number 184. Collected 23rd October,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
This handsome Monkey is most nearly allied to the W. African C. campbelli, but
differs by its grizzled olive-yellowish instead of black hind limbs, the absence of black
on its posterior back, its more or less greyish-white tail, and by the high and sharply
defined line separating the colours of the flanks and belly.
Cercopithecus denti is one of the most striking discoveries made by the members of
the Expedition. A figure of it has already been published.
{This was the only example seen of this beautiful Monkey. The white belly rendered
it almost invisible from below.—R. B. W.]
5. CERCOPITHECUS LEUCAMPYX CARRUTHERSI Pocock.
?. 225. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
6. CERCOPITHECUS LEUCAMPYX STUHLMANNI Matsch.
$. 176. 9.177. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
[These Monkeys were numerous on Ruwenzori up to 9500 ft., also in the Congo
and Mpanga Forests. ‘They were most numerous on Ruwenzori, just where the forest
and bamboo zones intermingie, at 8500 ft., for, like the Chimpanzees, they frequent
the bamboo zone in search of the young shoots on which they feed. While thus
occupied they are occasionally surprised and killed by leopards, and probably on this
account they are most frequently seen where the bamboo and forest are mixed, where
they have a safe retreat—R. B. W.]
on
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 48
7. CERCOPITHECUS LEUCAMPYX AURORA, subsp. n.
A Cercopithecus intermediate between the C. lewcampyx and C. albogularis groups,
with the dark limbs and belly of the former and the bright coloured back of the latter.
Size about as in C. /. stwhlmanni. Fur very long (50 mm.) on back, still longer on
shoulders (70-80 mm.). General colour above near ‘ buff-yellow ” (rather paler and
brighter) ; individual hairs white at the base, passing into pale buffy-yellow with three
black rings (rings and intervals about 3 mm. each). The head, unfortunately, is
missing, but the dorsal coloration is carried on to the nape. On the points of the
shoulders it becomes much darker, the individual hairs being black almost to the base
with three yellow rings (each 3mm.) towards the point. The outer sides of the
thighs greyish-black, the hairs pale slate-grey with a subterminal black ring (3 mm.)
and a white tip (2-3 mm.). Tail losing almost immediately (within 100 mm. from
base) all trace of the dorsal yellow colouring, and taking the same greyish coloration
as the outer side of thighs, at first with the white colour in excess, then gradually
through an increase of black shading into pure black at the extreme tip (100 mm.).
Arms to the shoulders, belly, and inner side of thighs pure black, the hairs black to
their bases.
Tail short, barely 700 mm. in length, as compared with 900 mm. in an example of
C. Ll. stuhlmanni.
Hab. South end of Lake Kivu.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 7.7.4.1. Collected and presented to the Museum by
Mr, Douglas Carruthers.
This handsome Monkey, while resembling the members of the C. albogularis group
in its yellow dorsal colouring, is easily distinguishable from all of them by its dark
hind limbs and black belly, in which it resembles the members of the C. leucampya
group.
Family LEMURID 4.
8. GaLaGo THoMas! Elliot.
Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xx. p. 189 (1907).
$. 684, and ? in spirits. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
$. 688, 689. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
Described on these specimens by Prof. Hiliot.
[This little Lemur was not seen on Ruwenzori, but it is difficult te believe that it
is not to be found in some of the wooded valleys below 6000 ft., for 1t was found in
the Congo Forest at Fort Beni, and in the Mpanga Forest it was extraordinarily
numerous. It is entirely nocturnal, and appears to spend the day, not in the tree-
tops, but low down in the undergrowth or in the dense masses of tangled creepers on
the lower branches and tree-trunks. Late in the evening, when it is almost too dark
to see, it suddenly appears, and its shrill chirrup may be heard in all directions, It
A86 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
mounts swiftly from the undergrowth to the tops of the trees, passing from tree to tree
with great agility, often making considerable jumps. If disturbed in the daytime it
moves quite slowly, almost like a chameleon.—R. B. W.]
Family PTEROPODID &.
9, ErDoLon HELVUM Kerr.
g (imm.) in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, EH. Congo Forest.
Dr. K. Andersen, F.Z.S., has recently * shown that the above is the correct name
of the widely distributed Bat usually known as Cynonycteris, Rousettus, or Pterocyon
stramineus, Geoff.
10. Rovsrerrus Lanosus Thos. (Plate XX.)
g. 116. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 13,000 ft.
g, 2, & young in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 13,000 ft.
A member of the £. deachi group, the limbs being thickly covered with hair.
Size and general characters about as in &. leachi. Fur loose and shaggy, very
abundant, its limits not sharply defined as in &. leachi; that on the head about 8 mm.
in length, mixed with a large number of much longer hairs, attaining over 20mm. On
the back the fur is thick and woolly, passing out on to the proximal half of the upperside
of the forearms, and continued thickly down the hind-limbs and the wing-membrane,
external to them, to the ankles, the feet being also thinly clothed above. Interfemoral
thickly furry above, except just along its posterior margin. Below, the wings are
thinly hairy to a point level with the middle of the forearm, the hind-limbs and
interfemoral membrane being also less thickly haired than on the upper surface.
Kars narrow, rather longer than the muzzle. Palatal ridges as in #. leachi.
General colour above bistre-brown, becoming warmer posteriorly; head darker.
Under surface near broccoli-brown, but with a yellowish suffusion ; some of the longer
hairs quite yellow.
Skull rather more delicately built than in F#. leachi, the bones thinner and lighter,
muzzle rather longer and narrower; postorbital processes very thin; anterior palatine
opening unusually broad.
Teeth conspicuously smaller throughout, each molar and premolar slightly shorter
and very much narrower than in the allied species.
Dimensions of the type (measured on the spirit-specimen) :—
Forearm 88 mm.
Head and body 134; tail 16, tail free from membrane 9; head 46; ear 23; third
finger, metacarpus 60, first phalanx 41, second phalanx 57; lower leg and foot
(c. u.) 62.
* Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 504 (1907), and (8) i. p. 433 (1908).
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—-MAMMALIA. AST
Skull: length to tip of nasals 42; basal length 37:5; zygomatic breadth 25;
breadth of brain-case 17-4; palate length from anterior palatine foramina 19; breadth
of palatine foramina 3:4; length of upper tooth-row from front of canine 145; the
same below, 16°2; first upper molar 2°3 x 1:2.
Hab. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 13,000 ft.
Type. Adult male (in spirits). B.M. no. 6.7.1.2. Collected by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
Three specimens obtained.
This species is allied to R. leachi, but is at once distinguishable from that and every
other species by the thick woolly covering of its hind limbs and its remarkably narrow
molars.
The occurrence of a Fruit-Bat at such an altitude as 13,000 ft. is very remarkable.
It is interesting to note that this and the following species differ from all other
members of the genus in having the wing extending to the second toe, while the
present form is further differentiated by the obsolescence of the antetragal lobe.
[This Bat frequented the cliffs and caves on Ruwenzori at 12,000-13,000 ft., but did
not appear to spend the night at this altitude, as numbers always flew down the valley
in the evening, apparently to feed. There was certainly nothing above 10,000 ft. for
such a Bat to feed upon, and nothing above 7000 ft. but Podocarpus berries ; but it is
remarkable that only one example of this species was caught in the nets set at
6000 ft., while 2. angolensis was caught by dozens. Possibly it is very uncommon;
the greatest number seen in an evening at 12,500 ft. was six. The native name for
this and all other large Bats in the district is “Bihukusi.”—R. B. W.|
11. RovsErrus ANGOLENSIS Bocage.
@ IO, Wh, wily s 1A, NTs, UNS), IL) Po Oe ern, Svse Vi, WOO, LOK
103, 219. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft.
4 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft.
[Very plentiful in the lower valleys of Ruwenzori, but not seen above 6500 ft.
Native name “ Bihukusi.”—R. B. W. |]
12. Epomops FRANQUETI Tomes.
g. 167. 30 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
[A few seen in the Congo Forest, but not at all common.—R. B. W.]
_ 13. EpomopHorus anurus Heuygl.
Epomophorus sp. inc. Woosnam, antea, pt. i. p. 17 (1909).
@. 109, and 2 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, HE. Ruwenzori. 95000 ft.
$. 150,151. 9@. 152. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
48 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Pending the revision of the group by Dr. K. Andersen we give the above pro-
yisional names for the two Epaulet Bats obtained.
[Only a few of these Bats were met with on Ruwenzori; they were not seen above
6500 ft., and were more plentiful on the plains below.—R. B. W.]
Family MEGADERMATID &.
14. Lavia rrons E. Geoff.
g. 144, 289; 134, 142, 143. 9. 135, 672; 288, 295, 300, 301, 669, 670, and
5 in spirits. Mokia, $.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
{These Bats were never seen on the mountains, but were very plentiful among the
acacia-trees on the plains around the south end of Ruwenzori at an altitude of 5400 ft.
They spent the day hanging up in the trees fully exposed to the sun, and were not
easy to approach, as they took flight at the least alarm. The natives distinguished
this Bat from all others, and called it ‘“‘ Bihuguhugu.”—R. B. W.]
15. PErALIA HISPIDA Schreb.
2. 149, 673. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
1 3,2 9% in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft.
[Occasionally seen up to 5500 ft. on Ruwenzori. They were most numerous
among the acacia-trees on the plains around the south end of the range. Native
name “ Kasalamatwi.”—R. B. W.]
16. PETALIA ARGE Thos.
¢. 165,166. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
2 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
[These little Bats are not uncommon in the Congo Forest, but, like all small Bats
in such a place, they were extremely difficult to obtain. They were never caught in
a long net set between the trees, and shooting them as they dived in and out among
the trees was almost impossible, and still more impossible is it to find them when
shot. They were occasionally seen flying low over the water on the Aruwimi River.
—R. B. W.]
Family VESPERTILIONIDA.
1%. PIPISTRELLUS NANUS Peters.
3. 48, 243, 250, 633, 635; 50, 245, 249, 634, 638. 9. 49, 244, 251, 632,
636, 637. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. ©8000 ft.
6 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. A489
[These little Bats inhabited chiefly the banana-plantations, and were found on
Ruwenzori up to 6000 ft—R. B. W.]
18, PIPISTRELLUS PULCHER Dobs.
$. 602. W. of Entebbe.
[A single specimen obtained near Entebbe, the only example met with by the
Expedition.—R. B. W. |
19. ScoroPHILUS NIGRITA Schreb.
2 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
Family EMBALLONURID &.
20, TapHozous Pei Temm.
2 2 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
$..158. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
[Vast numbers of these Bats were to be seen in the Congo Forest, but they were not
seen anywhere else. They hang up only in the trees and never in the houses.—
ik, 1b WAY
21. Tapnozous MauritTianus E. Geoff.
g. 201. W. of Entebbe.
3. 320. Manyuna, Upper Congo (Douglas Carruthers).
[A single specimen of this Bat was obtained in one of the rest-houses near Entebbe,
the only example I saw.—R. B. W. |
| NYCTINOMUS ALOYSII-SABAUDI® Festa.
Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, xxii. no. 546, p. 1 (1907).
Discovered by the Duke of the Abruzzi. Forearm 51 mm. |
Family SoRICID &.
22. MyYosoREX BLARINA Thos. (Plate XX.)
¢. 252. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
1 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
A dark short-tailed species with the mole-like appearance of MW. sclateri talpinus.
Size rather less than in M. sclateri. Fur thick and mole-like; hairs of back
about 8 mm. in length; a number of interspersed longer hairs on the rump
attaining 12-13 mm. General colour blackish-brown, slightly iridescent, very much
as in WM. s. talpinus; under surface scarcely lighter, more smoky brown than in
VoL. XIx.—Part v. No. 64.—March, 1910. 37
490 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
M. s. talpinus. Hands, feet, and tail blackish, the anterior claws very large. ars
very short, quite hidden in the fur.
Skull stout and heavily built—compared with that of J/. sclateri it is smaller,
shorter in the muzzle, but proportionally broader, the interorbital region and brain-
case as broad as in the larger species.
Teeth rather small throughout, the anterior incisors particularly delicate ; relative
proportions of the unicuspids as in MY. sclateri, the minute posterior one about one-
tenth the size of the second, which is half the size of the third, the latter being about
three-fourths the size of the first.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 74 mm.; tail 42; hind foot 14; ear 7.
Skull: condylo-basal length 22:1; basal length 19:6; anterior breadth 7; inter-
orbital breadth 5:6; greatest breadth across brain-case 12; length of upper tooth-
series 10°8; height of 7! 2.
Type. Male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.35. Original number 252. Collected 27th January,
1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
The interest of this animal lies in the immense extension its discovery gives to the
range of the genus Myosorex, which (since the species without the extra tooth in the
lower jaw were separated as Sylvisorer) has been known only from South Africa, the
Zoutpansberg district of the Transvaal being the most northern recorded locality. That
the genus should turn up again at 10,000 ft. on Ruwenzori is a most interesting fact.
The velvety mole-like fur of I. blarina distinguishes it from all other forms except
the decidedly larger M. sclateri talpinus of Zululand.
[Two specimens of this Shrew were caught near a stream in very swampy ground
at 10,000 ft. They took a bait of worms.—R. B. W. |
23. CRocIDURA NYANs& Neum.
3. 69, 619,623. 92. 65, 651, and 1 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
[These Shrews were not trapped above 8500 ft., the limit of the forest-zone.
They have a large oval-shaped gland, of a light pink colour, behind the shoulder on
either side, which gives out an oil or grease with a powerful odour of musk and clove.
The glands are long, narrow, and smaller in the female and have no odour. Native
name “‘ Mususu.”—R. B. W.]
24. CROCIDURA sp.
@. 125. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 8500 ft.
?. 162. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
?. 164. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
1 in spirits. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
Allied to C. nyanse Neum.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMATIA. AQ]
29. CrociDuRA NIOBE Thos.
3. 205. 9. 236,618. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-7000 ft.
General proportions of C. mauwrisca Thos., with which it shares the unusual
character of the almost entire absence of long bristles on the tail. Fur about 5 mm.
long on the back. General colour dark blackish-grey (‘‘ blackish-slate”’), with
indistinct silvery mottling. Under surface scarcely lighter, the tips of the hairs brown.
Hands and feet pale brown; fore claws rather smaller than hind. Tail long, slender,
not incrassated, practically without longer bristles—a few present on the base only ;
uniformly blackish above and below.
Skull normal in build, without the peculiar delicacy of that of C. maurisca; the
brain-case low, the muzzle stout and conical. Teeth as usual, the unicuspids broader
than long, very unlike the narrow slender teeth of C. maurisca.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 68 mm.; tail 65; hind foot 153; ear 10.
Skull: greatest length (including incisors) 20; greatest breadth 9:1; length of
upper tooth-row 8-2.
Type. Female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.32. Original number 618. Collected 10th January,
1906, by Mr. R. B. Woosnam. ‘Three specimens.
This Shrew may be readily distinguished from C. maurisca, the only species with its
proportions and tail-characters, by its more plumbeous colour and its broader skull and
teeth.
[This Shrew was not met with on Ruwenzori above 7000 ft. It appeared
to frequent the elephant-grass below the forest.—R. B. W.|
26. CROcIDURA sp.
2 2 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, EK. Congo Forest.
Closely allied to C. niode.
27. CROCIDURA FUMOSA MONTIS Thos.
g. 698. 2. 78,659. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 12,500 ft.
g. 160. 2.161. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
Size and other essential characters as in C. fumosa from Mount Kenya, but the fur
longer (hairs of back 70-75 mm.) and the general colour a dark plumbeous grey,
without the distinct brownish tone so marked in true C. fumosa. The ends of the hairs
blackish, with a silvery subterminal ring.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 77 mm.; tail 61; hind foot 15; ear 11.
Skull: greatest length (including incisors) 22; greatest breadth 10.
Type. Female. B.M.no.6.7.1.28. Original number 78. Collected 16th February,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
492 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
[Examples of this Shrew were caught between 7000 ft. and 12,500 ft. They
inhabited both the swampy bottoms of the valleys and also the drier forested slopes.
atte 1B}s \NG)]
28. CROCIDURA sp.
2. 2. 100 miles W. of Entebbe. 3700 ft.
2. 601. 50 miles W. of Entebbe. 4100 ft.
Allied to C. cuninghamei Thos.
29. SYLVISOREX LUNARIS Thos.
3. 237, 257, 643. @. 283, 647, 657. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-
12,500 ft.
A large slaty-grey species, with a long slender muzzle.
Size much larger than in S. morio, about equal to middle-sized species of Crocidura.
Fur rich and velvety; hairs of back about 6 mm. in length. General colour dark
slaty-grey, without variegation, but with a slight iridescence on the tips of the hairs.
Under surface little lighter, the tips of the hairs pale brown. Upper surface of hands
and feet brown, but the flesh along their inner halves is paler than the outer; fore and
hind claws about equal in size. Tail much shorter than head and body, very finely
haired, without longer bristles; brown above, rather paler below.
Skull markedly different from that of S. morio by its much larger size, slender
build, and long muzzle.
Teeth delicate. Unicuspids narrow, the anterior about twice the area in cross;
section of the other three, which are subequal. Lower incisors uniform in thickness,
not tapering, their upper edges strongly serrated, with three well-marked notches.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 86 mm.; tail 54; hind foot 14:5; ear 10.
Skull: condylo-basal length 22; basal length 19:8; anterior breadth 6:4; greatest
breadth across brain-case 10 ; length of upper tooth-series 10.
Type. Male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.38. Original number 643. Collected 30th January,
1906, by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
This distinct species may be readily distinguished from its W. African allies 8. morio
and S. preussi by its larger size.
[This Shrew was caught at 6000 ft. on Ruwenzori and also as high as 12,500 ft.
It appeared to inhabit chiefly swampy ground.—R. B. W.]
30. SYLVISOREX GRANTI Thos.
é in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
A medium-sized species, with tail about equal to the head and body.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 495
Size much less than in the other Ruwenzori species, S. Junaris; about the same as
in the Nyasan S. sorelia. Fur very long; hairs of back over 7 mm. in length.
General colour dark slaty-grey above, little paler below, but as the only specimen is in
spirits, the tones cannot be described with accuracy. Hands and feet pale brown, the
digits rather lighter. ‘Tail almost as long as the head and body, finely haired, brown
above, rather paler below.
Skull short, broad, and rounded, not unlike that of S. soredla, but with a broader
flatter brain-case and an even shorter muzzle. Teeth practically as in S. sorella, the
second and third upper unicuspids rather more nearly subequal.
Dimensions of the type :—
Head and body 5d mm.; tail 54; hind foot 15:1.
Skull: condylo-basal length 17; breadth across palate 6°3; breadth across brain-
case 8°9; front of 2? to back of m! 6-4; length of lower tooth-row 7.
Type. Adult male in spirits. B.M. no. 6.12.4.85. Collected 9th April, 1906, by
Mr. R. E. Dent.
This species is of the intermediate size found in S. sored/a, being markedly smaller
than S. dunaris and S. morio, and equally larger than the pigmy S. johnstoni. From
S. sorella it is at once distinguished by its far shorter tail.
Named in honour of Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, by whom the Ruwenzori Expedition
was organised.
[This little Shrew was caught in some swampy ground at the foot of a steep cliff
at 10,000 ft. It was the only example obtained.—R. B. W.]
Family CHRYSOCHLORID &.
31. CHRYSOCHLORIS STUHLMANNI Matsch.
3. 285, 644, 663. @. 275. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7000-10,000 ft.
2. 162. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
[Golden Moles were not at all common on Ruwenzori. They were found as high
as 10,000 ft., at which altitude one was trapped in some very swampy ground. ‘The
natives distinguished it from a Mouse and called it ‘‘ Mbumahume.’—R. B. We]
Family FreLip &.
[FELIS PARDUS RUWENzZORIU Camerano.
Boll. Mus. Zool. Torino, xxi. No. 348, p. 1 (1906).
Obtained by the Duke of the Abruzzi. |
32. FELIS CHRYSOTHRIX corroni Lyd.
o . Avakubi, E. Congo Forest. 3000 ft.
[A flat skin obtained from a native-—R. B. W.]
A094 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Family VIVERRID &.
33. GENETTA STUHLMANNI Matsch.
2. 136. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
g. 124,276. ¢. 10 (juv.), 287. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6000-7000 ft.
Prof. Matschie has described (Verhandl. V. Internat. Zool. Congresses zu Berlin,
1901, p. 1142) three species of Genet from E. Africa under the names G. stuhkimanni,
G. suahelica, and G. erlangeri. We have not been able to inspect the types of these
species, but in the Natural History Museum are 9 or 10 specimens from N. Nyasa,
Kilimanjaro, Kikuyu, and Entebbe, which have been identified by Prof. Matschie as
being either G. stuhlmanni or G. suahelica. Adding the present specimens to these,
we have a series of over a dozen, the extreme individuals of which are easily
separable; but these extremes are linked up by the intervening individuals in such a
way that after most careful examination both of skins and skulls we have been obliged
to acknowledge that we cannot find any constant character by which these forms may
be separated. In the present series the low-level specimen shows scarcely any trace of
black in its coloration, while among the high-level individuals the palest shows a
rustiness in the centres of the spots, while the darkest has black spots on a grey
ground. Nevertheless the skulls, apart from the difference of sex, are indistinguishable
from one another. ‘The first name employed by Prof. Matschie in this group of Genets
is G. stuhlmanni, which we have accordingly adopted for these Ruwenzori specimens.
Special attention should be drawn in this, and no doubt in other Genets, to the marked
sexual difference in the size of the carnassial teeth. Here, for example, the outer
length of the upper carnassial is 8-6 and 8°3 mm. in the two males and 7-1 and 7-3 mm,
in the two females. Naturalists are accustomed to expect a sexual difference in the
size of the canines, but little if any notice has been taken of such a sexual difference
in the carnassial teeth.
34. GENETTA VICTORIE Thos.
o. Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
This is the first specimen of this very handsome and well-marked species which the
Museum has received since it was described from a flat skin by Thomas. It is most
unfortunate, therefore, that this specimen, like the type, has no skull.
[A flat skin obtained from a native in the Congo Forest. The natives say the species
is not uncommon.—R. B. W.|
35. GENETLA BETTONI Thos.
¢. 106. ¢. 652, 661, 667. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7000-10,000 ft.
'’he type locality of this species was in the Mau District of Uganda. The present
series agree with the type in all essential characters. The body-measurements recorded
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 495
by ‘Thomas in his original description were based on dry skins. ‘The following (in mm.),
taken from fresh specimens and recorded by the collector, are therefore of interest :—
G. bettoni. G. servalina.
a -—~ = Gaboon, Ansorge.
G52, 9, Wal, @, 667, 2. 2.
Head and body. . 410 425 4.45 542
eRe pera colhl toot = cae 375 365 395 500
IBuunGl woo Gk 78 74 79 101
TE EUD Ns ele oe cra Ai 38 40 40
We have added for comparison the dimensions of a specimen of G. servalina from
Gaboon collected by Dr. Ansorge.
Thomas has noted the difference between the two species in the size and colour of the
feet, and we would further call attention to the comparatively short tail, with 9-10
pale rings, of G. bettont, which contrasts strongly with the long 12-15-ringed tail
of G. servalina.
With reference to the dental differences between the sexes noted above in G. stuhl-
manni, we may record that in three females the length of the upper carnassial on its
outer side is 6-9, 7, and 7°3 mm., while in the male it is 8:1 mm.
[This Genet was not uncommon on Ruwenzori up to 8500 ft., the limit of the forest-
zone. It was met with also in the acacia country on the plains around the south
cnd. Native name ‘“‘ Mwaga.”—R. B. W.]
36. POIANA RICHARDSONI OCHRACEA ‘Thos. & Wr.
Near Yambuya, Aruwimi R., Congo Forest.
[A flat skin obtained from a native who was wearing it on a belt and was going to
make a pouch of it for holding pipe and tobacco. We noticed that it was a new skin
to us, and exchanged it for a few pinches of salt —R. B. W.]
37. NANDINIA BINOTATA Gray.
g. 150. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 5000 ft.
[A single specimen caught by a native at the foot of the mountains. In the Congo
Forest near Avakubi a very young kitten of this species was obtained not more than a
few days old. No milk was to be had, but it thrived well on a diet of ripe banana
mashed up with plasmon powder. It is now a fine healthy specimen, and has survived
an English winter in the ordinary temperature of a house. Native name “ Lusaemba.”
—R. B. W.]
38. MUNGOS PALUDINOSUS G. Cuy.
In spirits. 156. Basoko, Upper Congo R. 1500 ft.
[This young Mongoose was given to us by a French missionary, who said it was
496 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
seven days old. As no milk was obtainable he had been feeding it upon “ palm-oil”’ !
which had so upset its digestive system that we failed to keep it alive. Natives say
this animal is not uncommon and frequents the reed-beds on the river-banks,—
R. B. W.]
It is much to be regretted that no adult specimen was obtained from this interesting
locality.
39. MUNGOS SANGUINEUS PROTEUS Thos. (Plate X XI.)
26, 0. 99, 108, 132. 9. 114, 115, 128. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
5000-7000 ft.
A very variable form, usually strongly affected by melanism.
In the single wholly non-melanistic specimen the colour throughout, of body, limbs,
and tail (apart from the black terminal pencil), is grizzled tawny ochraceous, darkened
on the posterior back; the upper surface of the hands and feet terminally rich rufous.
From this there is a complete series of intergradations to one in which the body is
blackish-bistre, the tail even darker, practically black throughout, and the feet deep
glossy black. ‘The type is an intermediate specimen, its general colour mummy-brown,
but its feet and tail wholly blackish.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 306 mm.; tail 260; hind foot 59; ear 25.
Skull: condylo-basal length 61.
Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.12.4.35. Original number 115. Collected 15th
March, 1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
This remarkably variable Mongoose forms a parallel to the Alpine Squirrels, which
are commonly affected by melanism in a similar way. Possibly something of the same
sort occurs in Abyssinia, where the dark ‘“‘ mutgigella” has been considered to be the
same species as the true WM. gracilis. Elsewhere in Africa forms of the J. gracilis
group are very constant in colour. We have given figures (Pl. XXI.) of the most
extreme forms.
No members of this group, light or dark, have been described from the Lake
region of Central Africa.
[Not uncommon on Ruwenzori, but was not seen above 7500 ft. It has the
reputation among the natives of being a great chicken-thief. The native name is
Kissere.”—R. B. W.]
40. CROSSARCHUS FASCIATUS MACRURUS Thos.
$. 133, 671. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
Size larger than in true C. fasciatus and tail markedly longer.
Colour quite as in Zululand specimens of C. fasciatus, the general tone similarly
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. AQT
deep and rich, and the shoulders equally covered with shaggy hair and suffused with
fulvous (not clear grey). Hands and feet nearly wholly deep glossy black.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 378 mm.; tail 250; hind foot 70; ear 26.
Skull: condylo-basal length 71; basal length 67; zygomatic breadth 58°5 ; median
length of nasals 12°5; palatal length 38; greatest diameter of p* 6.
Type. Male, adult but not old. B.M. no. 6.12.4.29. Original number 133.
Collected 30th April, 1906, by Mr. R. KE. Dent. A second specimen (No. 671) was
collected on the same day by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
Two examples of true C. fasciatus, collected in Zululand by My. C. H. B. Grant,
- measure—head and body 333 and 335 mm., tails 207 and 209 mm. respectively.
No. 671 of macrurus measures—head and body 380, tail 270 mm. There is evidently,
therefore, so material a difference both in size and in length of tail between the
Ruwenzori form and the South-African that subspecific distinction is necessary, in
spite of the close resemblance in other characters.
[Only met with on the plains among the acacia trees around the south end of
Ruwenzori. They live in small colonies or family-parties in burrows in the sandy soil.
They are partially diurnal. ‘They were rare near Ruwenzori, but a little further east
in the district of Ankole they are said to be quite numerous. Native name “ Mugere.”
—_R. B. W.]
Family SciuripDa.
41. ScrurUs STANGERI CENTRICOLA Thos.
é. 687. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal. 65000 ft.
[A few of these Squirrels were seen in the Mpanga Forest, but they were not at all
common.—R. B. W. |
42. ScIURUS RUWENZORII Schwann. (Plate XXII.) 7
6. 231, 247, 248, 272, 626; 42, 53, 246. 9. 34, 226, 614, 621, 627; 273, 616,
617. Mubuku Valley, EK. Ruwenzori. 6500-8500 ft.
As Thomas has pointed out *, this Squirrel is not related to S. rufobrachiatus, but
is an entirely different species, with two upper premolars, S. rufobrachiatus having
only one.
_[Plentiful on Ruwenzori from 6500 ft. up to 8500 ft., the boundaries of the forest-
zone. ‘They have a loud chattering call.—R. B. W. |
43. ScIURUS RUFOBRACHIATUS NyANSH Neum.
2. 686. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal. 5000 ft.
* Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 121 (1907).
VOL. XIX.—PART V. No. 65.-—MMarch, 1910.
(Shs)
(oy
498 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
44, ScIURUS RUFOBRACHIATUS SEMLIKII Thos.
¢. 153. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
Most closely allied to S. r. nyanse Neum., with which it agrees in the extent of the
rufous on the limbs, but distinguished by the speckling of the back being very much
finer and by having the general colour greyer. In S. 7. nyanse there is a strong suffusion
of buffy or fulvous in the dorsal colour, the rings of the longer hairs and the ends of the
wool-hairs being markedly tinged with buffy ; in S. r. semlikii, on the other hand, the
former are almost white and the latter are dull greyish-buff. Asa result the general
tone of S. r. semlikit is a nearly pure dark grey, between grey no. 6 and “ smoke-grey ”
of Ridgway, the middle line of the back only with slight yellowish suffasion.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 225 mm.; tail 251; hind foot 49; ear 16.
Hab. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6.12.4.64. Original number 153. Collected 22nd
July, 1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
This handsome Squirrel is no doubt nearly allied to S. r. nyanse, but in the very
fine speckling of the body and greyer colour shows a relationship to the form found
in Gaboon, to which the name of S. r. aubryi M.-Edw. is applicable. The latter, °
however, has not the richly coloured rufous feet characteristic of both the Central
African subspecies.
[A few seen in the Congo Forest.—R. B. W.]
45, FUNISCIURUS BOEHMI EMINI Stuhlm.
3d. 264, 266, 660. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
3. 309. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
3. 685. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal. 5000 ft.
[Met with throughout the journey, but nowhere in any numbers. ‘They were not
seen on Ruwenzori above 7500 ft.—R. B. W.]
46. Funisciurus aytonia Thos. & Wr. (Plate XXIII.)
Ann. Mag. N. H. (7) xix. p. 377 (1907).
9. 851. Ponthierville, above Stanley Falls, Upper Congo (Douglas Carruthers).
A beautiful little Squirrel discovered by Mr. Carruthers after leaving Lake Tan-
ganyika on his return journey.
47, FUNISCIURUS CARRUTHERS! Thos. (Plate XXII.)
3. 263, 265. ¢@. 262. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6500 ft.
A handsome yellowish-green species, with a bluish-grey belly; something like a
gigantic example of F. poensis.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 499
Size about as in Ff. pyrrhopus. Fur soft and rich; hairs of back about 13-15 mm.
in length. General colour above bright yellowish-olivaceous-green, the hairs blackish
with rich yellow subterminal bands. Along the sides of the back a suggestion of
yellow lateral lines, in the position of those of the F. pyrrhopus group, can be made out,
but these are very faint and scarcely to be distinguished from the yellow of the flanks.
Under surface and inner sides of limbs bluish-grey, the hairs dark slaty with whitish
tips. Head like back; eyes rimmed above and below with dull whitish or orange-
whitish ; ears short, rounded, their inner surface greenish-yellow like the flanks, their
outer surface and a smali post-auricular patch dull yellowish-white. Upper surface of
hands and feet grizzled yellowish. ‘Tail coloured like the body, the hairs black at base
and on a broad subterminal ring, the middle ring and the ends greenish-yellow; a
pencil of long hairs at the tip of the tail wholly black.
Skull of about the size and general shape of that of PF. erythrogenys and other
members of the #. pyrrhopus group. Nasals square, parallel-sided. Postorbital
processes further forward on the skull than in I. erythrogenys. Teeth apparently
of the same general type as in FP. erythrogenys, but m? considerably larger.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 198 mm.; tail 192; hind foot 47-5; ear 20.
Skull: greatest length 49; basilar length 38; greatest breadth 28; nasals 137-5;
interorbital breadth 12:2; palatilar length 20-2; length of upper tooth-series exclusive
of p? 8°8.
Another specimen (a male) has head and body 204 mm.; tail 205.
Type. Female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.53. Original number 262. Collected 7th February,
1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
The affinities of this handsome and distinct species are by no means clear. Its size
and the indistinct lateral dorsal lines suggest a relationship to the non-rufous members
of the /. pyrrhopus group, although it has not their characteristically marked tail, and
the bluish-grey belly is unlike anything found among them.
[This was a rare Squirrel, and the few specimens obtained were all killed in a
particular part of the forest close to a large native clearing.—R. B. W. |
Family GLIRID &.
4§. GRAPHIURUS SOLEATUS, sp. n.
d. 284. 9.6. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 8000-6000 ft.
A Graphiurus of the murinus-microtis group, with small bulle and dark-coloured
white-toed feet.
Size as in G. microtis. Fur (6 mm. long on back) thick and close. General colour
above probably a brownish-grey normally, but these specimens are in their faded brown
3) 0 2
500 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
winter coat; below smoke-grey; the line of demarcation much less sharply marked
than in G. microtis. Hands and feet dark to the base of the toes, which are white.
Skull flatter, brain-case broader, and bulle markedly smaller than in G. microtis.
Dimensions of the type :—
Head and body 79 mm.; tail circ. 90 (broken in the type); hind foot 17-5; ear 16.
Skull: greatest length 27; basilar length 21; greatest breadth 15; brain-case
breadth 12:3; interorbital breadth 4:5; length of nasals 11; diastema 6:4; antero-
posterior length of bull in the plane of the palate 7-6 ; upper molar series 3°4.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6.12.4.37. Original number 284. Collected by
Mr. Douglas Carruthers, 23rd March, 1906.
This little Dormouse is easily separable from G. nicrotis, its nearest neighbour, by
its bulle and the colour of its feet. True’s G. parvus, from the Tana River, belongs
apparently to the group of small forms with white bellies and feet represented by
G. smithii Thos.
[Rare on Ruwenzori. A few specimens were obtained in the dry wooded ravines
at the east end of the range. ‘The natives say that this mouse frequents their grain-
stores more than any other species, and also the thatched roofs of their huts, but we
did not find this to be the case.—R. B. W. |
49. GRAPHIURUS MIcROTIS Noack.
2. 681 and 2 in spirits. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 5400 ft.
We have not seen the type of Noack’s G. microtis from the south end of Lake
Tanganyika, but the British Museum possesses specimens from the Nyika plateau
which satisfy, so far as we are in a position to judge, all the requirements of Noack’s
description. The present specimens do not differ in any material degree from these
Nyika specimens of G. microtis.
The large size of the bulle as compared with those of G. soleatus is most marked,
their antero-posterior length, corresponding to that given above for G. soleatus, is no
less than 9mm. Although the highest part of the brain-case in G. microtis is well
in front of a line passing vertically through the auditory meatus, yet the total depth
of the skull on this line is almost a millimetre greater than in G. soleatus (7. ¢. 10°6 to
(amma)
Family MurRID&.
50. TATERA RUWENZORIIL, sp. 0.
2. 802, 308, 678. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
A Yatera about the size of and outwardly resembling 7. liodon, but with a
proportionally longer tail and with shorter anterior and longer posterior palatal
foramina.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 501
Fur fairly long (18-22 mm. on back) and soft. General ground-colour above the
usual fawn, pure on the flanks, much mixed with black on the back; individual hairs
dark slate-colour, with a subterminal buff ring (2 mm.) and a black tip (2 mm.) on the
back and a buff tip (4 mm.) on the flanks ; below pure white, the hairs white to their
bases. Hands white; feet buffy, with white toes. Tail very dark brown (almost
black) above, fawn below.
Skull about the size of that of 7. léodon, interorbital region and brain-case markedly
broader, anterior palatal foramina shorter, posterior longer than in that species.
Dimensions of type taken in the flesh :—-
Head and body 160 mm. ; tail 166; hind foot 34; ear 22.
Skull: greatest length 42:5; basilar length 34; zygomatic breadth 22:3; inter-
orbital breadth 7:5; brain-case breadth 17:2; anterior palatal foramina 7:5 (8°3 in
liodon) ; posterior palatal foramina 3 (a mere point in TZ. liodon); diastema 11:9 ;
upper molar series 7.
Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.12.4.41. Original number 678. Collected 20th
May, 1906, by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
The long posterior palatal foramina in this species separate it sharply from 7. liodon
and 7. valida, the two species hitherto recognised as occupying the equatorial belt
across Africa.
[These Rats were very numerous on the plains around the south end of Ruwenzori,
but were almost impossible to catch. We failed to locate them in any holes, and they
appeared to feed only upon young grass-stems, of which they cut up great quantities
into short lengths of from 2 to 4 inches long, but they refused all baits. They are
nocturnal. —R. B. W.|]
51. OTomys DaRTMOUTHI Thos.
o. 81, 82, 254, 653. 2. 642,655,656. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 12,500 ft.
(«seen up to 13,000 ft.”).
Lower incisors double-grooved. J/° with only six lamine.
Size rather larger than in 0. jacksoni. Fur very fine, long and woolly; ordinary
hairs of back about 17 mm. in length. General colour above finely grizzled “‘ mummy-
brown,” not so coarsely marbled as in O. jacksoni. Under surface drab-brown, tine
ends of the hairs pale clay-colour. Head and ears of the prevailing body-colour.
Upper surface of hands and feet pale buffy. ‘Tail black along its upper surface, dull
buffy on the sides and below.
Skull larger than in O. jachsoni, its profile convex above the orbits.
Upper incisors with a deep median and a fine internal groove. Lower incisors with
two well-marked subequal grooves, as in O. jacksoni and typus. Laminar formula of
lars 2222
molars j—5—5.
502 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh):—
Head and body 150 mm. ; tail 93; hind foot 26°5; ear 25.
Skull: greatest length 37°65; basilar length 30‘3; zygomatic breadth 19:5; nasals
16°5 X67; interorbital breadth 4-2; palatilar length 17; palatal foramina 7; length
of upper molar series (grinding-surface) 7:3.
Type. Male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.54. Original number 653. Collected 18th February,
1906, by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
This animal is related to the corresponding mountain-form from Mt. Elgon, Otomys
jackson, from 18,200 ft., but differs by its larger size, more uniform coloration, and
the possession of only six lamine on the last upper molar.
[It is impossible to say which of the two Swamp-Rats, O. dartmouthi or Dasymys
montanus, is the most numerous, as they frequent the same ground and have exactly
similar habits (see under the latter species, p. 514).—R. B. W.]
52. OromMys DENTI Thos.
@. 14, 66, 645. ¢ in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000—10,000 ft.
Incisive grooves as in O. irroratus, but m? with five lamin only. Colour very
dark.
Size rather smaller than in O. irroratus. Fur long and fine; ordinary hairs of
back about 20 mm. in length. General colour dark blackish-brown (darker than
“bistre”) with a coppery tinge, the rump almost black, the hght rings on the hairs
dark tawny. Under surface and inner aspect of limbs slaty black, a few only of the
belly-hairs tipped with dull buffy. Upper surface of hands and feet uniformly
brownish-black. Tail black throughout, above and below.
Skull smaller than that of O. irroratus, more flattened above, its profile not so convex
above the orbits, the height from tooth-row to supraorbital ridge markedly less.
Incisive grooves as in O. irroratus. Molar lamine ==.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 157 mm.; tail 89; hind foot 27; ear 2].
Skull: greatest length 36:6; basilar iength 30°3; zygomatic breadth 18-6; nasals
14°7X6°8; interorbital breadth 4°5; height from alveolus of m? to supraorbital
ridge 10°8; palatilar length 17; palatal foramina 7:2; upper molar series (grinding-
surface) 7.
Type. Female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.69. Original number 56. Collected 27th January,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
This striking Swamp-Rat is readily distinguishable by its dark coppery colour, flat
skull, and the presence of only five lamine on the last upper molar.
[Rather an uncommon species, obtained at 6000 and 10,000 ft. They inhabit the
swampy ground and banks of streams.—R. B. W.]
(5%)
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND RK. C. WROUGHTON— MAMMALIA. 50
53. DEOMYS FERRUGINEUS Thos.
1 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, EK. Congo Forest.
The genus Deomys has hitherto been known only from the West Coast, whence
Mr. G. L. Bates has sent a number of specimens to the British Museum.
54. DeNDROoMUS INSIGNIS Thos.
@ skinned from spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
55. Mus ratrus L.
é. 146, 307. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
6. 155,156. ¢. 157. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
[Not obtained on Ruwenzori. A few were found on the plains around the south
end of the range and again at Fort Beni on the edge of the Congo Forest.—R. B. W.|
56. Mus veanpa& De Winton.
3. 45, 46, 274, 401, 625; 137, 147, 242, 677, 680. 2. 40, 41, 51, 54, 87, 88,
605; 148, 154, 293, 294, 296, 297, 674. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
$. 140, 290, 676. ¢@. 291. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
2 in spirits. East Ruwenzori.
[Extremely common everywhere, especially near native huts and cultivations.
They were not caught on Ruwenzori above 7000 ft.—R. B. W.]
57. Mus sp. (multimammate).
2 2 in spirits. Between Mawambi and Avakubi, EK. Congo Forest.
98. MUS JACKSONI MontIS, subsp. n.
Ce sa 2 Ses ile 2A GOOG 2050 Ory 3s 13, 23, 25, 39> LOS Mubulkeum Valleys
E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
? in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
A long-tailed Rat representing VW. jacksoni De Wint., but rather larger and with
larger stouter teeth.
Fur short (10-12 mm. long on back) and soft. General colour above “ bistre,”
more or less tinged with ‘ broccoli-brown,” below greyish-white; individual hairs
blackish-slate, with brown tips on the hock and pure white on the lower surface.
Hands and feet pinkish-drab. Tail uniform in colour, almost naked; rings about 15
in 10 mm.
Skull of the usual type. ‘Teeth broader and longer than in WM. jacksoni, palatal
foramina long.
Dimensions of type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 111 mm. ; tail 156; hind foot 25°5; ear 19.
504 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Skull: greatest length 33; basilar length 26:5; zygomatic breadth 16; brain-case
breadth 13°5; diastema 9; palatal foramina 7°6; upper molar series, length 65:3,
breadth 1:7.
Type. Old male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.97. Original number 18. Collected 2nd January,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
A series of 13 specimens, including males and females, examined. The type of
MM. jacksoni is unfortunately a quite young animal, but, so far as we can judge,
it is a somewhat smaller animal even when full-grown, otherwise externally it
closely resembles the present species. On comparing the skulls, however, the size of
the teeth serves to separate them at once, the measurements in IM. jacksoni being—
length of upper molar series 4°6, breadth 1:4.
[Extremely common on Ruwenzori everywhere up to 8000 ft. They were most
numerous around the native huts.—R. B. W.|
59. Mus DENNIa Thos.
dys 30), 1 05) 2295) 9228, 28050230, 203, 6405) Oe 2A dS, (6359523 alos
Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-12,000 ft.
? in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
A small long-tailed species allied to M. allent. Mamme 2—2=8.
Size about as in M. allent and M. carillus. Fur soft and rather woolly ; hairs of
back about 9-10 mm. in length. General colour not unlike that of IZ. carillus, soft
buffy-fawn, varying a good deal in the richness of the tone. Sides clearer and more
buffy. Under surface well defined whitish, sometimes tinged with buffy. Head
greyer than back; lower part of sides of muzzle white ; area around eyes black. Lars
large, naked, dark brown throughout. Upper surface of hands and feet thinly haired,
dull whitish. Tail much longer than head and body, fairly well haired terminally,
greyish-brown throughout.
Skull of the same delicate shape as in MW. alleni and M. carillus, and the
zygomatic plate similarly little projected forward. Supraorbital edges sharply
square, but not beaded. Palatal foramina much longer than in the two western
species.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the skin) :—
flead and body 96 mm.; tail 154; hind foot 21; ear 21.
Skull: greatest length 27; basilar length 22:5; greatest breadth 13:5; nasals 9:5;
interorbital breadth 4:1; breadth of brain-case 12°23; palatilar length 12; diastema 8;
palatal foramina 6°4 x 2°3; length of upper molar series 4.
Type. Male. B.M. no, 6.7.1.112. Original number 235. (7000 ft.) Collected
15th January, 1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
This pretty Mouse is no doubt allied to Mus alleni, with which it shares the general
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 005
proportions, shape of skull, and number of mamme; but it differs by its softer, more
buffy fur and longer palatine foramina. In Mus carillus, otherwise allied, there are
only 1—2=6 mamme.
[This was an extremely common Mouse on Ruwenzori and was obtained as high as
12,500 ft. At this altitude it was found only in the dry caves and rock-shelters.—
R. B. W.]
60. Mus univirrarus Peters.
g. 182. 2.183. North Ruwenzori.
g. 178. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal. 5000 ft.
2.185. Kturi Forest. 2500 ft.
23,22 im spirits. Between Mawambi and Ayakubi, E. Congo Forest.
[These Mice were met with only in forest-country and did not appear to be
uncommon.—R. B. W.]
61. Mts univitratus LuNanis Thos.
9. 217, 240, Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-8000 ft.
General characters of the typical western W/. univittatus, but size smaller and colour
more olivaceons, not turning rufous on the rump, which is blackish-olivaceous. Belly-
hairs greyish tipped with buffy ; a line down outer edge of thighs also buffy. Dorsal
streak not sharply defined and not extending on to neck and head. Upper surface of
hands blackish-brown, of feet rufous-brown. ‘Tail practically naked, black above,
rather lighter below.
Skull similar to that of true MZ. wnivittatus, but smaller and lighter throughout.
Molars decidedly narrower.
Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh) :—
Head and body 108 mm.; tail 115; hind foot 25; ear 17.
Skull: greatest length 32; basilar length 24; greatest breadth 15°3; nasals 13;
interorbital breadth 5-2; breadth of brain-case 14; palatilar length 13-2; palatal
foramina 6; length of upper molar series 5:1.
Type. Old female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.137. Original number 217. Collected 2nd
January, 1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
[This was a rare species on Ruwenzori aud only two examples were obtained
during many months’ continuous trapping; these were caught in the forest-zone.—
R. B. W.]
62. Mus aLtent Waterh.
? im spirits (skinned out). Between Mawambi and Avakubi, EK. Congo Forest.
Q in spirits. Between Mawambi and Ayakubi, E. Congo Forest.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT Vv. No. 66.—March, 1910. 3X
506 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
63. Lea@apa BuFo Thos. (Plate XXIII.)
g. 218, 227. 2. 17, 93, 206, 214, 215. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-
6500 ft.
1 in spirits. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
A large dark species with a rich buffy belly.
Size rather less than in Mus musculus. Fur close and crisp, about 5°5 mm. in
length on the back, profusely mixed with fine spines. General colour above dark
coppery brown (nearest to ‘‘bistre”), more blackish on the rump; the light rings on
the hairs dark buffy. Under surface strongly contrasted rich buffy-ochraceous, the
hidden bases of the hairs slaty-grey. Head rather darker than back. Ears naked,
uniformly blackish. Outer side of limbs brown like sides, inner sides buffy like belly ;
upper surface of hands and feet brown, with a tinge of buffy. ‘Tail finely scaled
(20 rings to the centimetre), practically naked, blackish throughout, or rather lighter
below proximally.
Skull stoutly built, with broad, squarely edged but not ridged, interorbital region.
Palatal foramina long, extending nearly to the level of the middle of m1. First upper
molar with its anterior lobe less developed than in the smaller forms.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 70 mm.; tail 68; hind foot 16; ear 15.
Skull: greatest length 22; basilar length 17; greatest breadth 11; interorbital
breadth 4; palatilar length 9°6; palatal forarnina 5:1; length of upper molar
series 3°4,
Type. Old female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.116. Original number 215. Collected 2nd
January, 1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
This species is related to L. musculoides Temm., but may te readily recognized by its
rich buffy under surface.
[A fairly common Mouse on Ruwenzori, but not obtained much above the lower
limit:of the forest-zone at 6500 ft.—R. B. W.]
64. LuGGaDa FORS, sp. Nl.
g. 159. Butagu Valley, W. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
g. 181. North Ruwenzori. 7500 ft.
A Leggada about the size of L. setulosa Peters, with slaty bases to the hairs of the
underside.
Size about as in JL. setulosa. Fur longer than in that species (9-10 mm. on the
back against 7°8 in ZL. se¢wlosa). Colour above exactly asin J. setulosa, ¢. e. hairs
dark slate with buff tips mixed with a certain proportion of all black ones.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. d07
Below bases of hairs pale slate, tips white, giving a general grey appearance
contrasting strongly with the pure white belly of Z. setulosa. Hands and feet
dark (white in L. setulosa).
Skull and teeth resembling those of L. setulosa, but larger.
Dimensions of type :—
Head and body 66 mm.; tail 55; hind foot 15; ear 12.
Skull: greatest length 21; basilar length 18-2; zygomatic breadth 10°5; brain-
case breadth 9°9; diastema 5-4; palatal foramina 5; upper molar series (alveolar
length) 4.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 7.4.6.23. Original number 189. Collected Ist
August, 1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
In the British Museum there is no example from Guinea of the genus Leggada which
efficiently represents Temminck’s L. musculoides. A series collected by Mr. Bates
in Cameroon are topotypes of Peters’ Mus setulosus, and, judging from the description,
they do not differ materially from L. musculoides. From this western form the present
species may be separated at once by its greyish belly and rather larger size. From
L. bufo, which resembles it in having slaty bases to the hairs of the underside, it
is at once distinguishable by its smaller size and the absence of buffy colouring on
the belly.
65. LEGGADA GRATA, sp. n.
g. 63, 75, 216, 222. @. 5,35. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
@. 3849. Upper Congo. 2000 ft.
@. 313 (1 in spirits). Mufumbiro volcanoes. 5000 ft. (Douglas Carruthers.)
A small Leggada intermediate between ZL. tenelia and L. musculoides.
Fur fine and short (7-8 mm. on the back). General colour above “ bistre,” below
white; individual hairs of the back at their bases dark brownish slate, continued to
the tip in some, while others are tipped with buffy; the basal colour paling gradually
towards the flanks and buffy-tipped hairs becoming more numerous until at the junction
with the white belly a bright buffy line is formed ; hairs of belly with dull white bases
which seem almost pale slate in some lights. A bright buffy spot on the cheek of the
same colour as the flank-stripe. Hands and feet buffy white.
Skull small, but broad and deep. The characteristic ridge on the anterior molar
clearly marked.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 58 mm.; tail 55; hind foot 14; ear 9:5.
Skull: greatest length 1$; basilar length 14; zygomatic breadth 9:6; brain-case
breadth 8-7; nasals 7-5; diastema 4°8 ; upper molar series 3:3.
508 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION,
Type. Old female. B.M.no, 6.7.1.55. Original number 35. Collected 14th January,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
Sir A. Smith based his “‘ minutoides” on specimens from “ near Cape Town.” The
skull of one of his typical specimens, as well as those of more recently received
examples from the same region, shows that Z. minutoides is a larger form, so that
LL. minimus Peters being preoccupied, there is no name available for the small,
or, more properly (as L. tenella is still smaller), for the medium form represented by
the present species.
66. THamMNomys veNustus Thos.
9. 615. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 8000 ft.
Allied to 7. rutilans, Peters, but larger and with much longer fur.
Fur of back about 15 mm. in length. General colour above dark rufous (in spirits),
a brighter line along the sides; belly white, with a faint buffy suffusion, the basal
halves of the hairs slaty. ars dull greyish. Upper surface of feet buff, becoming
whiter on the toes. Tail long, pencilled terminally, uniformly dark brown, as in
T. rutilans. Mamme 0—-2=4,
Skull decidedly larger than in 7. rutilans; muzzle long, parallel-sided ; interorbital
region narrow, the edges not so widely expanded as in 7. rutilans; palatine foramina
long, not expanded mesially, reaching back to the level of the front of m; bulle rather
larger than in YZ. rutilans. Molars large, heavy, the series markedly larger than
in T. rutilans.
Dimensions of the type (measured on the spirit-specimen) :—
Head and body 125 mm.; tail 181; hind foot 25; ear 18.
Skull: greatest length 34:5; basilar length 28; greatest breadth 17:2; nasals 12°5 ;
interorbital breadth 4:9; breadth of brain-case 14°3 ; palatilar length 15; diastema 9-4 ;
palatal foramina 8:2; length of upper molar series 6:1.
Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.12.4.106. Original number 615. Collected
by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
Unfortunately only one specimen of this fine species was obtained by the Expedition,
and that was preserved in spirits. However, its longer skull, larger teeth, longer fur,
and the slaty tint of its belly will readily distinguish it from 7. rutilans, to which alone
it is nearly allied.
[A single specimen of this species was obtained in the upper part of the forest-
zone. It was shot as it left its hole among the roots of a tree and had one of its young
hanging to a teat. This was the only example met with, although many traps were
put down in the vicinity —R. B. W.]
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 309
67. TwamMNomys DryAS Thos.
6. 234: 104, 668. @. 19) 20, 37, 72, 207. Mubuku Valley, KH. Ruwenzori.
6000 ft.
2 in spirits.
A member of the 7. dolichurus group, but with the mamme only 0—2=—4.
Quite similar to the more rufous forms of 7. dolichurus, e. g. those from Nyasa and
Fest Africa. General colour tawny, greyer on the head, richer on the rump, sides
paler, a well-marked buffy or ochraceous line edging the belly, which is white,
sometimes tinged with buffy, the hairs not slaty at the base. Kars with proectote tawny
brown or blackish; metentote rich buffy; a pale buffy spot behind their posterior
base. Upper surface of hands and feet pale buffy. ‘Tail long, pencilled, uniformly
dark brown. Mamme 0—2=4.
Skull lightly built. Palatal foramina reaching just to the level of the front of mt.
Bulle small. Molars light and delicate.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 118 mm.; tail 185; hind foot 24:5; ear 19.
Skull: greatest length 31:3; basilar length 24:5; zygomatic breadth 15°3; nasals
11:5; interorbital breadth 4:7; breadth of brain-case 13°6; palatal foramina 7-2 ;
length of upper molar series 4:3.
Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.156. Original number 207. Coliected
30th December, 1905, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
The presence of only four mamme in this mouse is a very curious fact, as there
are six in all the other members of the 7. dolichurus group, even in those from
comparatively adjacent localities. Specimens from Shoa (Zaphiro), Mt. Elgon (Jackson),
Nyasa (Johnston), Angola (Ansorge), and South Africa all possess the larger
number.
[A few of these Mice were trapped in the grass-country below the forest. A nest
built in the grass some way off the ground was thought to belong to this species, but
we failed to obtain the actual owner.—R. B. W.]
68. CENOMYS BACCHANTE EDITUS, subsp. n.
So 10, AZ, 222, QO, Oe WG, We, Pe Biles WIL, Aas Wiinlomrant \eellley, Id, Init
wenzorl. 6000 ft.
2 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 4000 ft.
An Gnomys of the size and general colouring of @. bacchante unyort.
Fur soft and fairly long (17 mm. on the back). General colour above near
‘clay-colour,” individual hairs dark slate-colour, tipped on the flanks with cream-buff,
and on the back with bright “ochraceous,” the coloured tips longer on the rump ;
510 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
a considerable proportion of longer hairs (25-30 mm.) black with buff tips. Hands
and feet ochraceous buff; tail sparsely clothed with short adpressed hairs; dark
above, pale below.
Skull as in @. 6. unyori, but interorbital area widening evenly backwards, not
parallel-sided ; anterior margin of anteorbital plate concave as in @. bacchante.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 150 mm.; tail 180; hind foot 30; ear 20.
Skull: greatest length 38; basilar length 31; zygomatic breadth 17:5; diastema
10:5; upper molar series 6°9.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.139. Original number 70. Collected 2nd
February, 1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
[Numerous on Ruwenzori up to the lower limit of the forest-zone at 6500 ft.
They were also plentiful among the native clearings in the Congo Forest, feeding on
the rice- and millet-crops, where the natives catch and eat them.—R. B. W.]
Hitherto all forms in the genus @nomys (except the two small species @. dembeensis
and @. harringtoni) from N.E. Africa have been classed as subspecies of @. hypoxanthus.
After examining the considerable material now available we are of opinion that,
at least, the West Coast forms (&. hypoxanthus and @. anchiete) with their larger
(especially broader) teeth should be separated from the smaller-toothed Eastern ones
(@. bacchante, G@. unyori, and @. editus).
The following is a comparative table of the principal measurements (in mm.) of
the five forms mentioned :—
G. hypoxanthus. C2. h. anchiete. Ci. bacchante. CH. b. unyori. G. b. editus.
Eleadlandibody ye 1 180 171 159 155 150
ARE you ten Aihara ran lacey 180 194. 170 185 180
IEG OO 6. 6 6 Gio 6 32 32 30 31 30
Denier pte Gr Made cata aut 22 19 21 20 20
Skull: greatest length . . 41:5 40 38 37 38
» basilarlength . . 34 32°5 31°5 30 31
ee greatest breadth . 19 18 18:7 ? N78)
5 diastemais- mee nreiae 11:5 10:8 105 10:3 10°5
i incisive foramina . 86 Wao 78 71 7:2
» upper molar series . 3 7 67 6:9 6:9
The known forms of the @nomys hypoxanthus group may be arranged in a key, as
follows :—
A. Rather larger. Head and body 170-180 mm.; hind foot about 32;
greatest length of skull 40. Upper molars larger, markedly broader.
(W. Africa.)
a;. General colour darker, suffusion chestnut. Tail equal in length to
head and body. (Gaboon &c.). . . . .... =.=. =. =. . Aypoxanthus Puch.
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. oll
b,. General colour lighter, suffusion ochraceous. Tail longer than head
anal Inoclys (Amgale))5' 6 16 6) 6 6 oe 6 6 6 0 6 oo 6 hh Coie Boe,
B. Rather smaller. Head and body 150-160 mm.; hind foot 30-31 ;
greatest length of skull about 38. Upper molars smaller, narrower.
(Congo and East Africa.)
a,. Darker. Belly pure white, sharply defined. Skull stouter; bull
larger; anterior margin of anteorbital plate concave, sloping
forward from base. (British Hast Africa.) . Vp kee eee
6, Paler. Belly edged laterally with buffy. Skull slighter; bull
smaller; anterior margin of anteorbital plate straight, vertical.
(Win on o5) pee rab armen mnie sous) (a ou Steere steers
¢;- Paler. Belly edged laterally with buffy. Skull stouter; bulle
smaller; anterior margin of anteorbital plate concave, sloping
bacchante Thos.
6. unyort Thos.
HOATAG woin Se, (CoO), 6 ob Bae ag 6 ao 0 0 o Us CUS iuloso, Ta
69. CGENOMYS BACCHANTE UNYORI Thos.
$. 168. 80 miles N.W. of Fort Beni, Semliki Valley. 3000 ft.
9. 337. Upper Congo.
70. CriceToMYS GAMBIANUS Waterh.
é. 74, 612, 666. ¢&. 76, 603, 604, 6138. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000-
6500 ft.
[These large Rats were not uncommon on Ruwenzori up to 7000 ft.; they appeared to
inhabit chiefly the more open and cultivated lands below the forest-line and, according
to the natives, did a good deal of damage among the bean-crops. ‘They live in
burrows in the ground and seem to be entirely nocturnal. The natives eat their
flesh and make the skins into small bags or pouches for carrying pipes and tobacco, &c.
Native name “ Kassumba.”—R. B. W.]
71. Matacomys cenTRALis De Wint.
é. 174. 2.175. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
3 in spirits. Mpanga Forest.
These specimens are immature, but allowing for that they seem properly referable to
M. centralis, described by Mr. De Winton from Mombuttu.
[This species appears to inhabit only the damp and dark forests; it was obtained in
the Mpanga Forest, and was not uncommon.—R. B. W. |
ol2 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS Ol THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
72. LoPHUROMYS AQUILUS ‘True.
g. 43, 55, 57, 61, 218, 629. @. 219, 229 (and 1 in spirits). _Mubuku Valley,
E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
3g. 259, 641. ¢@. 646. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000—12,000 ft.
1 in spirits. Between Masambi and Avakubi, Eturi Forest.
2 in spirits. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
The genus Lophuromys is found throughout the Ethiopian Region north of the
Zambesi River. The unicolorous Western species (L. sikapusi Temm.) and the
coarsely speckled Abyssinian animal (L. flavopunctatus Thos.) are distinguishable at
sight from the finely speckled Eastern and Central African forms, the oldest name for
which is Mus aquilus 'True.
Possibly owing to the tenderness of the skin, mentioned below by Mr. Woosnam,
the material in this group available for comparison is insufficient to justify us
in separating this Ruwenzori series from true L. aquilus, which was found on
Kilimanjaro.
[Plentiful on Ruwenzori from the plains up to 12,500 ft., and obtained also in the
Toro district and Congo Forest. They were numerous in some very swampy ground
at 10,000 ft. and also at 12,000 ft., but they frequented the drier forest as well. The
skin of this species is extraordinarily tender, just like wet tissue-paper.—R. B. W.]
1
3. LopHuromys Laticers Thos. & Wr.
9. 318. Lake Kivu. 4900 ft. (Douglas Carruthers.)
74. Lopuuromys woosnami Thos. (Plate XXIV.)
g. 232, 253, 608. @. 20, 47, 62, 224, 238, 241. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzort.
6000 ft.
¢ 2 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 7000 ft.
6.179. 9.180. North Ruwenzori.
An olive-grey species with large ears and long tail.
About the same size as LZ. aquilus. Fur straight; hairs of back about 10-11 mm.
in length. General colour above between “olive” and “ bistre,” without the warmer
rufous tone generally present in the East-African forms; the bases of the hairs are,
however, of a rufous-brown colour. Mixed with the ordinary hairs of the back there
are a variable number of buffy-white hairs, which produce a speckling somewhat
similar to that of the grysbuck (Nototragus melanotis), but are almost absent in some
specimens. Sides rather paler than back. Colour of under surface not sharply
defined laterally, very variable, ranging from near wood-brown to tawny clay-colour ;
the throat rather whiter. Head like back; area round eyes nearly black. Ears very
large, finely haired, black, with whitish edges. Upper surface of hands and feet pale
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. 0. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 513
brownish-white. ‘Tail long, slender, almost naked, markedly less hairy than in the
other species; blackish above, whitish flesh-colour below.
Skull with a long slender muzzle; interorbital region broad, edged with well-
defined ridges, but without postorbital projections; outer wall of anteorbital foramen
reduced to a narrow bar less than half the breadth of the corresponding part
in L. aquilus and L. flavopunctatus ; it is, however, similarly narrow in the West-
African LZ. sikapusi.
Incisors more as in Mus than in other Lophuromys, their anterior surface not
curved round in the way generally characteristic of the present genus. Molars very
broad, with well-defined cusps; their pattern as usual.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 118 mm.; tail 111; hind foot 22°5; ear 23.
Skull: greatest length 30°5; basilar length 24; greatest breadth 14:3; nasals
143-2; interorbital breadth 6°7; diastema 8; palatilar length 12:4; palatine
foramina 6°5; length of upper molar series 4°53.
Type. Adult male. B.M. no. 6.7.1.170. Original number 608. Collected 31st
December, 1905, by Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
This striking species is widely different from any of the Central- and EKast-African
forms of Lophuromys, and might almost be considered generically distinct were it not
that the West-African L. sikapusi also possesses some of its characters. Its large ears,
long tail, and peculiar olive-coloured white-speckled fur readily distinguish the species
from all its allies.
[Not uncommon on Ruwenzori, but only obtained up to an altitude of 8000 ft.
They inhabited both the forest and grass-country. Both this species and LL. aquilus
have a curious odour, quite unlike that of other mice.—R. B. W. |
75. DasyMys MonTANuS Thos.
2. 79,654. 2. 80,255. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 12,500 ft.
2 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, KE. Ruwenzori. 12,500 ft.
A very long-haired species, with short tail.
Size medium. Fur very long and fine; the ordinary hairs of the back about 16 mm.
in length. General colour above uniformly finely speckled mummy-brown, the light
rings on the hairs near clay-colour. A number of the longer hairs with a greenish
iridescence. Sides but little paler than back. Under surface bluish-grey, the slaty
bases of the hairs little hidden by the dull pale drab tips. Ears large, black, con-
trasting with the general brown colour. Upper surface of hands and feet pale brown,
the digits lighter. Tail practically naked, the scales quite unhidden, blackish
throughout.
Skull shorter and broader and the zygomata more squarely expanded anteriorly than
in other species.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT v. No. 67.—March, 1910. 3) XC
514 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 137 mm.; tail 105; hind foot 27; ear 19.
Skull: length of upper molar series 7:3.
Another skull measures :—Greatest length 35; basilar length 506; greatest
breadth 21°2; nasals 12°3x4°3; palatilar length 17°8; length of upper molar
series 7:1.
Type. Female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.79. Original number 255. Collected 30th January,
1906, by Mr. Douglas Carruthers.
D. montanus is readily distinguishable from all other species by its long fur and
short tail.
[Vast numbers of Swamp-Rats, apparently of two species only, D. montanus and
Otomys dartmouthi, inhabited the boggy moss-covered ground between 12,000 and
14,000 ft., and their runs were to be seen in all directions in the deep moss. They
were feeding upon the blossoms of the everlasting flowers and young rushes, and
apparently on moss as well. In spite of their numbers they were extremely difficult
to catch, and refused all such baits as beans, potatoes, banana, bread, &c.; one or two
came to a bait of oatmeal, but they were more often caught by having run over the
bait and so sprung the trap. ‘They are probably diurnal, for several were caught in
the traps during the daytime.—R. B. W.|
76. DasymMys mEeDIuS Thos.
Ge NG, On, ill, Bes GEE Tel, | Sateen, AOS) 3 OA, OS, Oge) Minomsn Walley,
FE. Ruwenzori. 6000-9000 ft.
3,2 2 in spirits. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 6000-9000 ft.
A grey species allied to D. bentleye.
Size medium, rather larger than in D. bentleyw. Fur comparatively coarse and
shaggy; hairs of back about 12-13 mm. in length. General colour above greyish-
‘‘ hair-brown,” greyer on the head and fore-back, warmer and browner on the rump;
darkened throughout by the black ends to the longer hairs. Sides greyer, passing
gradually into the grey of the under surface, where the tips of the hairs are dull
greyish-white, their slaty bases showing through. Ears well haired, greyish-brown,
not markedly darker than the general tone. Upper surface of hands and feet pale
brown. ‘Tail rather long, thinly clothed with fine hairs, not hiding the scales, brown
above and below.
Skull larger than that of D. bentley and markedly higher in the brain-case. Inter-
orbital region parallel-sided, evenly narrow throughout, not broadening posteriorly as
in D. bentley. Bulle decidedly larger than in that species.
Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—
Head and body 143 mm.; tail 128; hind foot 28-5; ear 19.
Skull: greatest length 34:3; basilar length 80; greatest breadth 18°5; length of
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA. 515
nasals 12; diastema 10-3; palatilar length 17-5 ; palatal foramina 7-6 ; length of upper
molar series 7.
Type. Female. B.M. no. 6.7.1.75. Original number 38. Collected 16th January,
1906, by Mr. R. E. Dent.
No species of Dasymys have been hitherto described from this part of Africa,
the nearest being the Lower Congo D. bentleyw, from which the present animal differs
by the characters above mentioned. From the D. montanus of the higher altitudes of
Ruwenzori it is, of course, at once distinguishable by its shorter coarser fur and much
longer tail.
{Numerous on Ruwenzori from 6000 ft. up to 9000 ft. They inhabited chiefly the
bottoms of the valleys near streams, but were also caught occasionally on the drier
ridges.—R. B. W. |
77. ARVICANTHIS MASSAICUS Pagenst.
¢. 26, 60, 64, 85, 208, 210, 631. @. 8,58, 281. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori.
6000-6500 ft.
3. 298. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
3g. 683. Fort Beni, Semliki Valley.
3 in spirits. Mpanga Forest, Fort Portal.
2. 317. Lake Kivu. 4900 ft. (Douglas Carrathers.)
[Very numerous both on Ruwenzori up to 7000 ft. and on the plains below the
mountains. This species is apparently both diurnal and nocturnal. Native name,
‘“* Naruberi.”—R. B. W.]|
78. ARVICANTHIS MACCULUS, sp.n. (Plate XXIV.)
3. 304. @. 303, 679. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
An Arvicanthis of the A. pulchellus group, but smaller than that species.
Colouring very much as in A. pulchellus or A. massaicus, but the pale spots
smaller; the yellow marking on the face, so noticeable in A. massaicus, almost
entirely wanting.
Dimensions of the type :—
Head and body 105 mm. ; tail 111; hind foot 22; ear 17.
Skull: greatest length 28; basilar length 22:3; greatest breadth 13:4; brain-case
breadth 11°6; interorbital breadth 4:9; diastema 7; length of upper molar series 4:8.
Type. Adult female. B.M. no. 6.12.4.57. Original number 679. Collected by
Mr. R. B. Woosnam.
The male is rather younger than the type, and the other female is still younger, but
allowing for this they correspond in all essential characters with the type. ‘his is
the smallest form of spotted (as distinguished from the striped, A. barbarus group)
Arvicanthis yet described.
3d¥ 2
516 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
79. ARVICANTHIS ABYSSINICUS Rupp.
3. 83, 84. 9°. 59, 662. Mubuku Vailey, E. Ruwenzori. 6900 ft.
3g. 139,299. 2. 138, 675. Mokia, S.E. Ruwenzori. 3400 ft.
[Plentiful on Ruwenzori up to the lower edge of the forest-zone at 6500 ft., and
occasionally seen among the dry acacia-country on the plains around the south end of
the range. This species is quite diurnal, and may be seen in the bright sunlight
feeding upon the millet put out to dry in front of the native huts.—R. B. W.]
Family OcTODONTID 4,
80. THRYONOMYS HARRISONI Thos. & Wr.
é. 310. Fort Beni, Semiliki Valley. 3000 ft.
This species was based on a specimen obtained by Col. Harrison from the Lado
District ; another was obtained by the Alexander-Gosling Expedition on the Welle
River.
T. swinderianus occupies, practically unchanged, the whole of the Ethiopian area ;
while, so far as we yet know, the group made up of T. gregorianus, T. sclateri, and the
present species is limited to a comparatively small area north and south of the
Equator (between 25° and 38° E. long.).
[This animal was not obtained on Ruwenzori, and the natives said it did not exist
there, although it was found on the plains below. A single specimen was found
at Fort Beni, in the Semliki Valley, and it is probable that it also occurs on the
north-west slopes of Ruwenzori which join with the Congo Forest.—R. B. W.]
Family PRocaVIID&,
81. Procavia RUWENZORII Neum.
3. 71, 256, 624, 628; 73, 267, 268, 269. 9. 68, 260, 261, 648, 649; 270, 271,
650. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, 10,000 ft.
The Ruwenzori Dassie was first obtained by Sir H. H. Johnston, from whose
specimens Prof. Neumann described the species.
[Only one species of Hyrax was obtained on Ruwenzori; it was found from 10,000
up to 14,200 ft., but is scarce above 12,500 ft. It was most numerous from 10,000
to 12,000 ft., frequenting the cliffs and caves among the tree-heath zone.
The noises these animals make at night are most remarkable: there are two
distinct sounds—one a shrill hissing squeal very like the note of a Barn-Owl, but
louder ; the other a much lower-toned chattering or rattling sound, not unlike that
made by a large frog, but with a hissing sound in it. Thenative hunters say that the
male makes one sound and the female the other. They do not commence these noises
immediately it is dark, as might be expected, but some hours later. The cliffs around
OLDEFIELD THOMAS AND R. GC. WROUGHTON—-MAMMALIA. O17
the camp called “ Kitchuchu,” at 10,000 ft., swarmed with Hyrax, and at about 8 p.m,
or later they would begin their calls. First one or two would break the silence, to be
answered by more from another cliff; then others would join in, tll the whole valley
resounded with their unearthly noises. Gradually the chorus would dwindle, till after
an hour or two scarcely one would be heard. Some nights there seemed to be many
more animals calling, and some nights hardly any. ‘They were certainly weird and
extraordinary noises in a weird and extraordinary place, and had ventriloquistic effects
possibly caused by the great overhanging cliff under which the camp was placed, which
magnified and distorted the sounds. ‘These noises are undoubtedly responsible for the
Ruwenzori “ ghost-story.”
In the Mubuku Valley the natives trap the Hyrax with an ingenions spring noose,
following them as high as 12,500 ft. This is the origin of the path to the snows
which exists in the Mubuku Valley but not in the Luimi, as the natives do not hunt
the Hyrax in the latter valley. ‘They use the fur for clothing, and also sell a great deal
of it to the natives of the plains in exchange for iron tools and spear-heads. They eat
the flesh, not because they prefer it, but because flesh of any sort is a highly-prized
article of food. We once tried a Hyrax-stew, but it was very tough and not so
good as rabbit—just what one would expect a cat to taste like. ‘These animals are
apparently nocturnal, although they were occasionally seen in the daytime when it
was dark and misty.—R. B. W. |
Family Suip #.
82. PoTAMOCH@RUS CH@ROPOTAMUS Desmoul.
¢ skull; @ skull (imm.). Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 6000 ft.
These Pigs belong most probably to the subspecies from Kilimanjaro named by
Dr. Forsyth Major P. ¢. demonis from a female. The female skull in this series
is unfortunately too young for definite identification.
[Pigs were numerous on Ruwenzori and were found as high as 8000 ft. ‘They were
one of the most difficult animals to obtain. They come out of the dense thickets and
jungle at night to feed on the native cultivations, and do enormous damage. The
skulls obtained were those of Pigs killed by Lions near the camp. ‘The Lions in this
district feed almost exclusively on Pigs, and for this reason the natives dislike them
being killed.—R. B. W. |
Family Bovip &.
$3. CEPHALOPHUS RUBIDUS Thos.
¢. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori. 10,000 ft.
[Not uncommon on Ruwenzori up to 10,000 ft., but very difficult to obtain. ‘They
518 ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS OF THE RUWENZORI EXPEDITION.
utter a curious shrill cry when disturbed. The natives occasionally catch them in large
snares of thin strong creepers; they say they can also catch Pigs in this way, but failed
to do so during our visit.—R. B. W.]
84, CePHALOPHUS ZQUATORIALIS Matsch.
9 690. Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
[Very numerous in the Congo Forest. The pigmies catch them alive in nets.—
RK. B. W.]
Family Manip &.
85. MANIS Loneicaupatus Briss.
o+ Avakubi, E. Congo Forest.
[A flat skin obtained from natives in the Congo Forest.—R. B. W.]
AIR XOX:
A)
0)
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA,
Je Wyss DSO
LRousettus lanosus Thos., p. 486.
Myosorex biarina 'Thos., p. 489.
CMP-FES Miles &C° Imp.
ROUSETTUS LANOSUS.
MYOSOREX BLARINA.
Ht ‘ na
ay
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA.
PLATE .XXT.
Mungos sanguineus proteus Thos., p. £96.
Moorepark lith. Miles « C° imp.
MUNGOS SANGUINEUS PROTEUS.
CAR fr
Ma
AE Xoo:
NI
OLDFIELD THOMAS _
Sciurus ruwenzorit Schwann,
Funisciurus carruthersi Th
af
Sy GNP BOY?
@ Lames Dok SOC.
DOAMLY AN
SCIURUS RUWENZORII.
FUNISCIURUS CARRUTHERSI.
Miles «C°imp
PLATE XXIII,
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA.
PLATE XXIII.
Funisciurus antonie Thos. & Wr., p. 498.
Leggada bufo Thos., p. 506.
Trand3 0A Fie DAMMLL AA
CMPHES
Miles « C°imp
FUNISCIURUS ANTON I/4i
LEGGADA BUFO
Cate f
ol)
;
ij
Rou
iia tik
aa
iene
Pe ntin eee
OLDFIELD THOMAS AND R. C. WROUGHTON—MAMMALIA.
PLATE XXIV.
Arvicanthis macculus 'Thos. & Wr., p. 515.
Lophuromys woosnamt Thos., p. 512.
Sransio Keo Vi MK, PEAK
Moorepark lith Miles « C° imp
ARVICANTHIS MACCULUS. LOPHUROMYS WOOSNAMI.
LIST OF THE PAPERS CONTAINED IN VOL. XIX.
Zoological Results of the Ruwenzori Expedition, 1905-1906.
Page
Arrow, Giupert J., F.E.S.
Coleone, eae 5 cogosccescce0dns 186
Austen, Ernest E., F.Z.S.
DLE Ae satis chy 5 oye: voc dao oN renee ee 85
Brepparp, Franx E., M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S.
BVIE TLCS gree sire 2 ook tel aye sack cen, acai eee ae eee 25
Binewam, The late Col. C. T., F.Z.S.
JELVUNEMO]OWIE) gcc caccacoceececcasce 179
Boutencer, George Avsert, F.R.S., V.P.Z.S8.
Pisces, Batrachia, and Reptilia ........ 237
Catan, Witttam T., D.Sc., F.Z.8.
(CHETISERVG Hee tas AO ee lo pe ela obo eos 0 6 51
Distant, Witrram L.
IRIMVANANNE —poascoscscaccaavdcesecas OO
Gauan, C. J., M.A.
Colegpiom, Iam IW, sococcccvescas AU
Grant, W. R. Oernviu-. See Oattvre-Grant,
W. R.
Hampson, Sir Gurorce F., Bart., F.Z.8.
Lepidoptera Heterocera 103
Herron, F. A.
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera.............. 141
Hirst, Arruur 8., F.Z.8.
ATAOMUGM goo cnccdcueo ob oor on ocod.oe 57
VoL. X1x.—PaRt v. No. 69.—-March, 1910.
Krresy, Wittram F., F.L.S., F.E.S.
NIGUROOI, acocbosotosovocdsacovonec a9
ONO NC ssaccscasasaossoon 200000 63
Marswattz, Guy A. K., F.Z.S. :
Coleooerm, IWards IWo cocscocosss coca Sad
Ocitvrn-Grant, W. R., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., &e.
Preface cnn: Gatien cerns cleevarale ecu ae 1
NOS Soy Me ics ale ey gatas eta ae tet tier2O.
Pyorarr, Wituram P., F.Z.8., M.B.O.U., &c.
On some Points in the Anatomy of Brady-
pterus cinnamomeus .......-....--.- 454.
Saaru, Enear A., L8.0., F.Z.S.
MOLLUS CAM seanceet cs eae en eeraommetenctces 43
Tuomas, Oxprienp, F.RS., F.Z8., and
Wroventon, Roserr C., F.Z.5.
Mammalay | Gt hcts cong 2 aro Scnstusenaens tons 481
Warernousn, Cuartes O., PES.
Collen, Iam IM, sosocosocnvaccnr 201
Woosnam, Ricuarp B.
TES atorelc i)
Itinerary
Wroveuron, Ropert C., F.Z.8., and Tomas,
Oxprrep, F.R.S., F.Z.S8.
Mammalia ..... Ba nor ra erie Rin cutee aie: so
4A
Abisara geryon, 156.
INDEX
Aboricorms chrysopepla, 106, 140.
Acantholipes ochrota, 118, 140.
Acanthomia insignis, 77, 84.
Accaphila, gen. nov., 59.
eudoxia, 60.
Accipiter melanoleucus, 260, 445.
Achatina buchneri, 45,
schweinfurthi, 43, 44, 50.
tincta, 45.
—— weynsi, 45.
Acleros mackenti, 175.
Acrea, 141.
—— aleippina, 147.
—— alicia, 146.
—— amicitie, 148, 149, 178.
—— arerata, 147.
vinidia, 147.
—— asboloplintha, 148.
— baxteri, 149.
—— disjuncta, 148.
encedon, 147.
iturina, 147.
lycta, 147.
lycoa, 147.
—— manjaca, 147.
—— pelasgius, 148.
—— rougeti, 147.
—— sotikensis, 146.
terpsichore, 147.
toruna, 148.
—— ww, 147.
vinidia, 147.
viviana, 147.
Acrocephalus, 456, 457, 458.
Acrydium depressum, 66.
Actophilus africanus, 445.
OF SPECIES, ETC., IN VOL. XIX.
Adoretus flavovittatus, 190, 236.
fuscovittatus, 191.
hirtellus, 190.
Aigocera menete, 105.
Aerops albicollis, 435.
Aischna ellioti, 61.
thonea murrayi, 221.
variabilis, 221.
Athus rudis, 69.
Agabotus sp., 69.
Agama atricollis, 241, 242.
Agapornis pullarius, 258, 439.
Agelastica africana, 221.
Agonoscelis versicolor, 72.
Agrilus continuatus, 201, 236.
| ——— cupriventris, 201.
Agrion senegalense, 61.
Agrotis eleopis, 106, 140.
Alaus merens, 206.
trifasciatus, 205, 234.
Alcides sp., 231.
dentipes, 231.
olivaceous, 231.
Alcippe jacksoni, 380.
Alesia aurora, 197.
Alestes grandisquamis, 237, 238.
| imbert, 237.
| macrophthalmus, 237, 238.
Alethe carruthersi, 256, 262, 374, 472.
castanonota, 375.
moort, 373.
poliophrys, 17,19, 254, 373.
poliothorax, 17, 257, 373.
woosnami, 257, 262, 374, 4722.
Alindria grandis, 196.
Allagogus, gen. noy., 225.
| —— brunneus, 225, 236.
4a2
Alma, 25.
Alsconax comitatus, 258, 392,
—— epulatus, 258, 392, 393.
antisiensis, 392,
—— fantisiensis, 258, 392.
infulatus, 256, 391.
—— murinus, 391.
pumilus, 391.
pumilus, 19, 256, 391.
stuhlmannii, 3892.
toruensis, 393.
Alydus tenuicornis, 78.
Aimauris albimaculata, 142.
echeria jacksoni, 142.
ellioti, 142.
grogani, 142.
jacksoni, 142.
Amblyomma hebreum splendidum, 58.
marmoreum, 58.
splendidum, 58.
Amblyospiza melanonota, 255, 282, 480.
y 7} +} ) ?
Amblyscelis natalensis, 197.
nigrupennis, 196.
Amphitmetus, 229.
foveipennis, 228, 236.
legge, 227, 228, 236.
—— planicolle, 228.
—— planicollis, 228, 236.
transversus, 228.
Amydrus blythi, 265,
Amyna octo, 109.
Anadiasa leucocyma, 131, 140.
reducta, 131.
Anaphe moloneyi, 118.
Anaplectes melanotis, 258, 271.
Anas querquedula, 443.
sparsa, 18, 260, 443.
Ancylolonia chrysographella, 134.
Andropadus curvirostris, 257, 385, 386.
eugenius, 386.
gracilis, 257, 385.
indicator, 257, 384.
—— letissima, 383.
latirostris, 17, 19, 257, 386.
eugenius, 386.
virens, 257, 385.
zombensis, 385.
INDEX,
Angrometopa spilogaster, 99.
Anomata sp., 189.
adustula, 189.
repensa, 189.
wellmani, 189.
Anoplocnemis curvipes, 76.
signata, 76, 84.
tristator, 76.
Antanartia abyssinica, 150.
hippomene, 150.
scheneia, 150.
lnthocharis antevippe, 167.
ocale, 167.
Anthoscopus capensis, 336.
punctifrons, 336.
roceati, 255, 335, 336, 468.
Anthothreptes axillaris, 255, 320.
hypodila, 320.
tephrolema, 257, 321.
zambesiana, 259, 320.
Authreptes axillaris, 320.
—— hypodila, 320,
tephrolema, 321.
Anthropopithecus troglodytes, 17, 18.
Anthus brachyurus, 314.
gouldi, 313.
leggei, 255, 261, 314, 468.
leucophrys sordidus, 313.
—— pyrrhonotus, 259, 313.
trivialis, 261, 313.
ulntonaria hirsuta, 217.
—— murina, 217.
Apalis affinis, 254, 262, 358, 360, 470.
binotata, 257, 359.
caniceps, 257, 358.
denti, 255, 262, 357, 358, 470.
hildegardc, 360.
jacksoni, 255, 359.
personata, 17, 19, 254, 359, 360.
—— porphyrolema, 358.
—— pulchella, 256, 360.
ruwenzorit, 17, 19, 254, 360, 470.
— thoracica, 358.
Apaloderma narina, 426,
Aphodius armatus, 188.
rhinoceros, 188.
unicornutus, 188.
Apis mellifica fasciata, 183.
Apisa metarctioides, 104, 140.
Apluda ineincta, 132, 140.
similis, 132.
Apogonia kolber, 189.
Apotmetus, gen. nov., 229.
montanus, 229, 236.
Arachnida, 57.
Aranea citricola, 57.
Argynnis eacelsior, 150.
hegemone, 152.
Ariathisa semiluna, 107, 140.
Arrow, G. J., Coleoptera, Part I., 186-200.
Artitropa comus, 175.
Artomyias fuliginosa, 258.
Arvicanthis abyssinicus, 516.
barbarus, 515.
macculus, 482, 515, 528.
massaicus, 17, 515.
pulchellus, 515.
Asarcina amena, 88, 89, 90, 102.
eremophala, 90.
punctifrons, 89, 102.
rostrata, 90.
Aspavia armigera, 70.
Aspidomorpha mutata, 224.
palleago, 224.
silacea, 224.
Aspongopus alternatus, 74, 84.
lividus, 74.
nigroviolaceus, 73, 7+.
— wxanthopterus, 73.
Asthenotricha ansorgei, 127.
flavicoma, 127.
inutilis, 127.
semidivisa, 127.
Aterica galene extensa, 153.
Atheris chloroechis, 246.
squamiger, 246.
woosnami, 242, 246, 252.
Aulacophora fissicollis, 220.
pygidialis, 218.
Aulacopus, 222.
Aulamorphus hollisi, 222.
variabilis, 222, 236.
Austen, KE. E., Diptera, 85-100.
Aves, 253-480.
INDEX.
Or
Se)
>
Awemba fusca, 71.
typica, 72, 84.
Awiocerses harpax, 157.
Azanus, 1638.
—— natalensis, 141, 164.
Azygophleps albovittata, 134.
Baoris lugens, 176.
Baracus lepeletieri, 175.
Barbatula centralis, 256, 418.
chrysocoma, 418, 419.
guineensis, 419.
zedletzi, 418.
jackson, 417.
leucolema, 417, 418.
nyanse, 417,
togoensis, 418.
mfumbiri, 262, 417.
Burbus holotenia, 237, 239.
portalt, 237, 239.
Barilius ubangensts, 237, 239.
Bastothea schenci, 118.
Bathmedonia jacksoni, 256, 381, 382.
rufa, 381, 382.
Bathmocercus jackson, 381.
Batis diops, 17, 254, 398, 478.
orientalis, 256, 398.
—— puella, 256, 398.
Batrachia, 240.
Beddard, F. E., Vermes, 25-41.
Belenois infida, 168.
raffrayi, 168.
severina, 168.
infida, 168.
solilucis, 168.
thysa, 168.
—— westwoodi, 168.
zochalia ochracea, 168.
Belonogaster sp., 182.
colonialis, 181.
juncea, 181.
Benhamia, 25.
Beralade continua, 132,
strigifascia, 132, 140.
Bingham, C. T., Hymenoptera, 179-133.
Birds, 253-480.
Blatta montana, 63.
truncata, 63.
504 INDEX.
Bleda albigularis, 383.
batesi, 384.
indicator, 384.
kikuyuensis, 382.
syndactyla, 284.
tricolor, 387.
—— woosnami, 256, 262, 384, 476.
Bleptina nephelopera, 115, 140.
Blosyrus haroldi, 227,
seminitidus, 227, 236.
Bolbotritus bainesi, 209.
Bombylius sp., 86.
Bonesia clarki, 221.
montana, 220.
murrayt, 221.
—— quinguepunctata, 221.
Borolia melanostrota, 106.
—— melianoides, 106.
pheopasta, 106, 140.
pyrostrota, 106, 140.
tacuna, 106.
Bostrychoplites cornuta, 205.
Boulenger, G. A., Pisces, 237-240 ; Batrachia, 240 ;
Reptilia, 241-247.
Brachytrupes membranaceus, 64.
Bradornis pallidus murinus, 390.
Bradylema, 216.
Bradyornis murinus, 259, 890.
Bradypterus abyssinicus, 354.
alfredi, 255, 354, 856, 474.
barake, Mi, 19, 254, 354, 5355, 356,
474,
— barbeculus, 354.
—— brachypterus, 354.
—— camerunensis, 354.
—— castaneus, 354.
cinnamomeus, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 256,354, 355,
356, 454.
, On some Points in the Anatomy of, 454—
459,
lopesi, 354.
nyasse, 354,
rufescens, 355.
rufoflavidus, 355.
—— sylvaticus, a54,
victorini, 354.
Brenthide, 225,
Bryconethiops microstoma, 237, 238.
Bubo lacteus, 260, 441.
Buchanga afra, 267,
Budytes flava, 312.
Buliminus retirugis, 44.
(Petraeus) aloysii sabaudie, 44.
Bulimus niloticus, 45.
Burnesia bairdi, 257, 367.
melanops, 256, 366.
reichenowt, 256, 367.
Burtoa nilotica, 45.
Butalis comitatus, 392.
Buteo augur, 257, 442.
auguralis, 20, 260, 442.
—— desertorum, 260, 442.
Bycanistes aloysti, 432.
subcylindricus, 401, 431.
subquadratus, 258, 431, 482.
Cacergates leucostictus, 61.
Cacyreus, 159.
lingeus, 163.
palemon, 163.
Calamistis obliquifascia, 108, 140.
Calamocichla ansorget nilotica, 356, 3:
nilotica, 356.
rufescens, 357.
Calidomantis fenestrata, 64.
Callene cequatorialis, 256, 369.
cyormthopsis, 370.
Callidea bohemani, 68.
Callidryas buquetit, 169.
Callioratis bellatrix, 118.
pactolicus, 118.
Callosume pseudetrida, 167.
Calman, W. T., Crustacea, 51-56.
Calopteryx iridipennis, 61.
Calosoma senegalense, 194.
Calpe emarginata, 115.
Calymnia ethiopica, 107, 140.
Camaroptera chrysocnemis, 364.
griscoviridis, 259, 364, 480,
superciharis, 257, 364.
Camenta obesa, 189.
Campophaga harilaubi, 389.
mgra, 259, 388, 389.
petiti, 257, 358.
Campothera hausburgi, 410.
Caprimulgus chadensis, 430.
fosset, 260, 428, 429, 480.
clarus, 428, 429
frenatus, 429.
gabonensis, 430.
-—— natalensis, 260, 430.
pectoralis, 429.
—— ruwenzori, 256, 262, 429.
Carbula bicolor, 70, 84.
fuscata, 71, 84.
Castalius isis, 163.
—— margarritaceus, 141, 163.
Catacroptera cloanthe, 151.
Catada pheopasia, 115, 140.
Catagonia, 189.
Catharsius vitulus, 188.
Catochrysops celeus, 165.
—— malathana, 164.
—— osiris, 165.
Catopsilia florella, 167.
pyrene, 167.
Catuna angustatum, 153.
Caura legge, 70, 84.
—~ pulcherrima, 70.
Celenorrhinus galenus, 171.
proximus, 171.
Cenceus semiflavus, 79, 84.
Centropus occidentalis, 258, 421.
monachus, 421.
occidentalis, 421.
superciliosus, 259, 422.
Ceocephalus picipes, 226.
Cephalophus equatorials, 518.
rubidus, 17, 20, 21, 517.
Cephisodotus rufocastaneus, 191.
Ceratogonia, 189.
Ceratogymna atrata, 258, 431.
Ceratophyllus stygius, 100.
Ceratorrhina sp., 192.
gralli, 192.
loricata, 192.
smithi hacquardi, 192.
stanleyi, 192.
Ceratrichia, 141.
flava, 174.
wollastont, 174, 178.
Cercocebus albigena johnstoni, 483.
INDEX. 53!
Cercocebus aterrinus, 483.
johnstomi, 483.
Cercococcyx mechowr, 258, 423.
—— solitarius, 424.
Cercopis grossa, 81.
Cercopithecus alboqularis, 485.
ascanias schmidti, 483.
—— cumpbelli, 484.
—— campbelli-mona, 485.
—— denti, 481-484.
—— leucampyx, 485.
aurora, 482, 485.
carrutherst, 482, 484.
stuhlmanni, 17, 484, 480.
Ceroplesis wrregularis, 212.
marmorata, 212.
reticulata, 211, 234.
signata, 212.
Ceryle rudis, 261, 439.
Ceryx hilda, 103.
Cetiva cetti, 356.
Ceuthmnochares aéreus, 258, 423.
intermedius, 425.
intermedius, 423.
Cheetolyga dasyops, 95.
Chaleiope hyppasia, 110.
Chaleomitra equatorialis, 324.
MED, BB
—— obscura, 321.
ragazzi, 321.
—— verticalis viridisplendens, 32
Chalcopelia afra, 260, 450, 451.
Chameeleon biteeniatus, 245.
elliot2, 241, 244, 245, 250,
hochnelit, 245,
johnstoni, 241, 245.
—— levigatus, 241, 244.
— rudis, 241, 244, 245, 250.
—— senegalensis, 241, 244.
—— xenorhinus, 241, 245.
Chapra mathias, 176.
Charaves, 141.
anticlea, 156.
candiope viridicostatus, 155.
eprjasius, 155.
155.
ethalion, 156.
Charaxes etheocles kirkti, 155.
cupale dilutus, 155.
—— fulvescens, 155.
monitor, 155.
—— harrisoni, 155.
kirkii, 155.
opinatus, 156, 178.
saturnus, 155.
viridiscostatus, 155.
Cheleethiops elongatus, 237, 239.
Chionema rejecta, 105.
Chioneigia, gen. nov., 141, 172.
leggei, 173, 178.
Chlorestrilda ansorget, 295.
capistrata, 295,
Chloridea obsoleta, 105.
Chlorochroma invenusta, 127.
Chloropeta gracilirostris, 256, 262, 397, 478.
—— icterina, 395.
— kenya, 19, 256, 395, 396, 397.
—— massaica, 256, 396.
—— natalensis kenya, 395.
massaica, 396,
umbriniceps, 396.
similis, 395, 396, 397,
Chlorophis emini, 241, 246.
Chlorophoneus chrysogaster, 339.
sulfureopectus chrysogaster, 339.
Chrysobothris dorsata, 201.
Chrysochloris stuhlmanni, 17, 18, 20, 493.
Chrysococcyx cupreus, 259.
flanigularis, 258, 425.
—— klaasi, 259, 425.
—— smaragdineus, 426.
Chrysomatris citrinelloides, 309.
— frontalis, 255, 308, 309.
Chrysopsyche leucostigma, 131, 140.
Cicada graneicollis, 81.
Cidaria thermochroa, 129, 140.
Cimea annulus, 68.
9 ld
armager, 70.
curvipes, 76.
multipunctatus, 67.
no
—— pungens, 77.
— viridula, 72.
Cinnamopterus tenuirostris, 20, 256, 264, 265.
Cinnamopteryx mpange, 255, 261, 274.
tricolor, 274.
INDEX.
Cinnyricinclus verreauai, 263.
Cinnyris acik, 324,
aquatorialis, 256, 324.
—— aline, 254, 323.
—— bouvieri, 257, 328.
— chloropygius, 257, 328, 329.
lithdert, 328, 329.
orphogaster, 328, 329,
—— cupreus, 259, 325, 326, 480.
—— erythrocerius, 315.
—— falkensteini, 255, 325.
—— igneiventris, 255, 325.
—— kempi, 262, 329.
—— mariquensis, 258, 326, 327, 328.
macrorhynchus, 327.
suahelicus, 326.
—— osiris, 326.
—— preussi, 328, 331.
—— purpureiwventris, 319.
—— regius, 19, 255, 331.
—— reichenow?, 255, 330, 331.
—— stuhlmannii, 20, 254, 330.
--—~ suahelicus, 327.
—— superbus, 257, 326.
—— tanganyice, 328.
—— venustus falkensteim, 325.
ignewventris, 325.
—— verticalis, 323.
vuridisplendens, 255, 322, 325.
Circus macrurus, 261, 448.
Cisticola belli, 255, 261, 350.
—— carruthersi, 255, 261, 347.
——— chubbi, 255, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 480.
—— emini, 255, 349, 350.
—— erythrops, 259, 348, 480.
—— lateralis, 257, 348, 349, 350.
lugubris, 259, 347, 352.
nuchalis, 255, 352.
—— pileata, 349.
—-— robusta nuchalis, 352.
-— rufa, 259, 347.
rufopileata, 257, 352.
—— —— emini, 349.
——— strangei, 259, 303.
terrestris, 259, 347.
woosnama, 349.
Cladomelea longupes, 58.
ornata, 57, 58.
INDEX. 937
Clarias carson, 237, 240. Cossypha cyanocamper, 371.
Cletus sp., 77. | —— barttelote, 371.
Clytra wahlbergr, 217. | guiseistriata, 372,
Olytus (Perissus) wollastoni, 209, 234. | heuglint, 256, 370.
Coccystes cafer, 259, 422. | melanonota, 257, 371.
jacobinus, 259, 423. periculosa, 371.
Coelocorynus runsoricus, 191. verticalis, 372.
Ceenobasis amena, 132. Th =e melanonota, 371.
Colasposoma consimile, 217. | Cotile cincta, 259, 408.
fairmairei, 217. | mufigula, 259, 408.
kraatzi, 217. | Coturnix delegorgquei, 260, 451.
Coleoptera, Part I., 186-200; Part II., 201; Craspedia agrapta, 127.
Part II., 202-226; Part 1V., 227-232, internataria, 127.
Colias pyrene, 167. Crateropus jardin, 377.
Oolius affinis, 256, 426, 427. —— hypostictus, 377.
leuotis, 426. — kirki, 377.
nes affinis, 426. | —— kirki, 256, 377.
macrurus, 260, 427. | —— melanops sharpet, 377.
Coliuspasser ardens, 259, 288, 289. | —— sharpei, 256, 377.
—— concolor, 289. | Crea crex, 261, 446.
dubiosus, 284, 285. | egregia, 260, 446.
eques, 256, 290. | Oricetomys gambianus, 17, 511.
soror, 255, 289. Oriniger calurus, 257, 382.
Colobus occidentalis, 483. | icterinad, 387.
rufomitratus tephrosceles, 483. | Orioceris sp., 216.
ruwenzoru, 17, 483. Orithagra kilimensis, 306.
Colpoderus forcipatus, 208. | Orocidura sp., 490, 491, 492.
—— stuhlmanni, 208. cunninghamet, 492.
Columba arquatrix, 19, 260, 448, 449. | fumosa, 491.
sjéstedti, 448. —— montis, 20, 21, 22, 482, 491.
unicincta, 258, 449. (Pina maurisca, 491.
Comibena biviaria, 126, 140. | —— ntobe, 17, 482, 491.
Comythovalgus sp., 194. | nyanse, 17, 490.
Coniopholis sp., 189. Orossarchus fasciatus, 496, 497.
Copris harrisi, 188. macrurus, 482, 496, 497.
Coptops fusca, 210. Crossotarsus sp., 226.
Coracina azurea, 390. Crustacea, 51-56.
- cesius, 389. Cryptacrus comes, 68.
purus, 389. . Cryptolopha alpina, 20, 22, 23, 254, 262, 407, 408,
Corvultur albicollis, 20, 23, 258, 263. 466, 480.
Corythwola cristata, 258, 419. dorcadichroa, 407.
Corythornis cyanostigma, 260, 439. —— leita, 17, 19, 254, 407.
Cosmetornis vexillarius, 258, 260, 430. umbrivirens, 407.
Cosmophila erosa, 114. Oryptorrhynchus sp., 231.
luperca, 115. Cryptospiza unsorgei, 295.
Cossypha archeri, 19, 20, 254, 570, 474. australis, 297.
bartteloti, 257, 371.
| —— Jacksons, 297.
VOL. XIx.—Part v. No. 70.—WMarch, 1910. 4%
538
Cryptospiza ocularis, 255, 296, 297.
reichenow?, 296.
—— salvadorit, 256, 296, 297, 464.
—— shelleyi, 253, 298.
Ctenocephalus wollastoni, 100.
Ctenopsyllus cethiopicus, 100.
—— hirsutus, 100.
Otenus (Leptoctenus) pulchriventris, 57.
Cuculus solitarius, 259, 423, 424.
Cupido, 159.
Cupidopsis jobates, 164.
Curtillu africana, 64.
Cyanomitra aline, 323.
cyanolema, 257, 322.
—— obscura, 321.
95
ragazzu, 259, 321.
verticalis, 322.
Oyclopelta tristis, 73.
Cyclophorus (Aferulus) elatior, 47.
Cyclopides metis, 172.
midas, 172.
willemi, 172.
Cyclyrius equatorialis, 141, 164.
Cydinus brunneus, 69,
rudis, 69.
Cyligramma goudotr, 110.
limacina, 110.
Cynonycteris stramineus, 486.
Oyphagogus, 225.
Oyphonistes rufocastaneus, 191.
Cypselus africanus, 428.
maximus, 22, 23, 254, 262, 428.
Oyrtophora citricola, 57.
Danais dorippus, 142.
limniace petiverana, 142.
—— (Llimnas) chrysippus, 142.
—(—)
—(—)
—(—)
—— (Lirumala) petwerana, 142.
alcuppus, 142.
chrysippus, 142.
dorippus, 142,
Dasymys benileye, 514, 515.
— — medius, 17, 18, 482, 514.
515.
Debrona, 65.
Deilemera fallax, 117.
leuconoé, 117.
montanus, 20, 21, 22, 482, 502, 518,
S
oO
INDEX.
14,
Dejeania capensis, 95.
wollastonii, 93, 95, 102.
—— (Stomoxys) bombylans, 95.
Dendromus caroli, 258, 410.
insignis, 17, 503.
nubicus, 256, 411.
—— teniolema, 256, 410.
hausburgi, 410.
Dendropicos hartlaubi, 412.
lafresnayei, 413.
peclolamus, 413.
Dendropicus hartlaubi, 413.
lafresnayi, 258, 413.
nandensis, 413.
pecilolemus, 256, 413.
zanzibari, 256, 412.
Deomys ferrugineus, 503.
Dexia nappendiculata, 97, 98, 102.
lugens, 98.
rustica, 97.
Diacantha, 220.
—— anena, 219.
—— bidentata, 218.
—— distincta, 219.
—— dreye, 218.
—— nigronotata, 219, 236.
passeti, 218.
var., 219.
—— pygidialis, 219.
— suturalis, 219.
—— vicina, 219.
Diacrisia melanodisca, 105, 140.
sulphurea, 105.
Diadema anthedon, 150.
Diaphorophyia castanea, 258, 398.
jamesoni, 258, 399,
leucopygialis, 398.
Dicrurus afer, 258, 267.
atripennis, 267.
Didymus, 187.
crassus, 186.
—— levisternus, 186.
parastictus, 186.
ruwenzoricus, 186.
Diota reticulata, 117, 140.
Diplognatha silicea, 194.
Dipsas antalus, 157.
Diptera, 85-100.
Dirphya delecta, 214, 234.
MNsodontogenus, gen. noy., 231.
—— wollastont, 232, 236.
Distant, W. L., Rhynchota, 67-54.
Dityloderus balteatus, 210.
Dolichomerus nigritus, 91.
Dorylus nigricans, 180.
Dryoscopus affinis, 256, 343.
angolensis nandensis, 342.
cincrascens, 342,
coronatus, 341.
-—— holomelas, 17, 19, 254, 343, 344.
leucorhynchus, 257, 348, 344.
—— malzacw, 256, 342.
nandensis, 255, 342.
senegalensis, 343.
Duonritus cilimanjarensis, 134.
Dyscologamia cesticulata, 63.
—— wollastoni, 63.
Dysdercus nigrofasciatus, 79.
pretiosus, 79, 84.
Dythemis, 59.
Hecoptocnemis superba, 192.
Eidolon heluum, 486.
Llanus ceruleus, 261, 441.
Elapechis quentheri, 241.
Elminia longicauda, 258, 406.
Enberiza citrinella, 353.
flaviventris, 259, 309, 480.
polioplewra, 310.
Emina lepida, 255, 361.
Himinoscolex, 33.
barnimi, 40.
neumanni, 40.
ruwenzori, 37, 38, 40, 41.
sylvestris, 40.
toreutus, 40, 41.
——- viridescens, 40.
Emmatheudes lentistrigalis, 134, 140.
Ena lagariensis, 44.
—— (Cerastus) retirugis, 44.
Gntebbia bipunctata, 211, 234.
Epeira flavipalpis, 57.
pilipes, 57.
Ephyra anadaria, 127.
Epilachna, 200,
INDEX.
Epilachna sp., 198, 200.
albomaculata, 198.
anorpha, 198.
—— annulata, 197.
—— gemmifera, 199, 236.
—— hirta, 197.
kasebergi, 198.
—— kwaiensis, 200.
—— lueifera, 199, 200, 236.
—— nympha, 199, 200, 236.
pauli, 197.
quadrioculata, 197.
scutellaris, 197.
serva, 198, 236.
tetracycla, 197.
Episilia rhodopea, 103, 106, 140.
Lipitoxis albicincta, 104, 140.
EHpomophorus sp., 17, 487, 488.
Hvactheus boris, 69.
castaneus, 69.
lutulentus, 69.
Eremomela flaviventris, 358.
Hretis perpaupera, 170.
Ergoltis wurantiaca, 154.
enotrea, 154.
pagensteckert, 154, 178.
—- aurantiaca, 154, 178.
ELriceia tnangulata, 113.
Erionomus, 187.
Bristalis bullatus, 93.
-—— latevittatus, 90.
trichopus, 93.
Lronia dilatata, 169.
leda, 169.
Lrythrina tomentosa, 318, 324.
Krythrocercus congicus, 257, 262, 403, 470.
maceulli, 403.
Lrythropygia hartlaubi, 256, 372.
ruficauda, 257, 372.
Estigmene carschi, 105.
pura, 105.
Estrilda astrild minor, 299.
minor, 255, 299.
- nonnula, 257, 300.
—— paludicola, 258, 299, 300.
- rosetcrissa, 255, 299, 300.
--—- subflava, 310.
539
540 INDEX.
Hudema erichsoni, 195. | Gallires johnstoni, 18, 19, 254, 420.
Hunelosonus affinis, 187. | Gametis, 194.
sansibaricus, 187. Gardullaria, 33.
Lumenes fenestralis, 181. Gegenes letterstedti, 176.
mawillosus, 181. occulta, 176.
Luomma angustatum, 153. Genetta bettoni, 17, 494, 495.
erlangeri, 494.
Huphoresia sp., 189.
servalina, 495.
stuhlmanni, 17, 494, 495.
suahelica, 494.
Huprinoides nigrescens, 253. victorie, 494.
LEuproctis crocersticta, 116, 140. Geocichla piaggice, 17, 19, 256, 368, 480.
melalepra, 117, 140. Glareola emint, 445.
fusca, 445,
pratincola, 261, 445.
Hurillas camerunensis, 386. Glaucidium perlatum, 260, 440,
efulenensis, 386. Glenea sp., 214.
montivaga, 213, 234.
quinquelineata, 214.
semnionis, 189.
ELuplectes canthomelas, 287.
Hupleaia amaranta, 106.
orestes, 117.
Hurema scheeneia, 150.
eugenius, 386.
gracilis, 385,
—— virens, 385. Glessula runssorina, 47.
Hurystomus afer, 260, 436. Glossina fusca, 100.
—— rufobuccalis, 256, 436, Glutophrissa contracta, 169.
Hurytela dryope angulata, 154. Glycyphana scalaris, 194.
velleda, 153. —— (Gametis) balteata zanzitarica, 193.
Hutropius grenfelli, 237, 240. (——) tigrina, 193, 236.
Lxealfactoria adansoni, 260, 451. Glyphodes aniferalis, 136, 140.
stolalis, 136.
unionalis, 136.
Felis chrysothria cottoni, 493.
pardus ruwenzorii, 17, 20, 21, 493.
serval, 20, 22. | Gnathocera afzelii, 193.
Fiscus humeralis, 345. —— trivittata, 193.
Fishes, 237-240. | Gnophodes, 141.
Francolinus sp., 17, 19. | chelys, 143, 144, 178.
icterorhynchus, 256, 452. —— diversa, 143, 178.
muleme, 256, 452. | —— grogani, 143, 178.
schuetti, 258, 452, 453.
Fringilla grisea, 308. | a
Funisciurus antonice, 481, 482, 498, 526.
minchini, 148, 144, 178.
magniplaga, 144, 178.
parmens, 143, 178.
-—— boehmi emini, 17, 498. Goliathus giganteus, 192.
carruthersi, 17,481, 482, 498, 524. Gonanticlea meridionata, 127.
erythrogenys, 499. obtusa, 128.
poenis, 498, | Goodia hollandi, 129.
pyrrhopus, 499. ortens, 129, 140.
Gahan, C. J., Coleoptera, Part IIT., 202-296, Grant, W. R. Ogilvie-. See Ogilvie-Grant, W. R.
Galactochryscea emini, 256, 445, Graphiurus microtis, 499, 500.
Galago thomasi, 482, 485. | parvus, 500.
Galleruca, 221. soleatus, 17, 482, 499, 500.
Galhnago nigripennis, 260, 446. —— smithii, 500.
INDEX. O41
Graucalus azureus, 258, 390.
ceesius, 17, 259, 389.
—— purus, 389.
Gryllacris nana, 65.
Gryllotalpa africana, 64.
Gryllus membranaceus, 6-4.
Guttera cristata, 260, 453.
granti, 453.
scth-snuthi, 453.
suahelica, 455.
Gymmnobucco cinereiceps, 256, 416, 417.
peli, 416.
sladent, 257, 262, 416.
Gymnopleurus imsidiosus, 188.
Gymnoschizorhis leopoldi, 256, 429.
Hematopota pulchrithorax, 85.
Haleyon badius, 258, 438.
centralis, 437.
chelicutensis, 260, 437.
—— chelicuti, 486.
—— cyanoleucus, 260, 438.
pallidiventris, 258, 437.
—— semiceruleus, 260, 437.
centralis, 437.
hyacinthinus, 437.
—— senegalensis, 260, 457, 438.
—— swainsoni, 437.
swainsonmi, 437.
Haltica oleracea, 218.
—— pyritosa, 218.
Hampson, G. F., Lepidoptera Heterocera, 103-
140.
Hapalochrus sp., 204.
amplipennis, 20+.
Hapaloderma narina, 260, 426.
vittatum, 256, 260, 426.
Haplopelia jacksoni, 17, 19, 253, 254, 447, 448.
plumbescens, 448.
seemundi, 448.
Harma theobene, 153.
Harpactor ornatellus, 80, 84.
Harpalus sp., 195.
Harpendyreus, gen. noy., 141, 158,
reginaldr, 159, 178.
Lieliocopris colossus, 183.
hamadryas, 188.
Helix bukobe, 44.
Telophilus esacus, 90.
Helotarsus ccaudatus, 260, 441.
Hemiphiracta jacobyi, 222.
lurida, 223.
Henotesia sp., 145.
perspicua, 145.
Heron, F. A., Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, 141-178.
Hesperia galenus, 171.
lepeletiert, 175.
—— letterstedti, 176.
mathias, 176.
ploetzi, 171.
spio, 171.
Heterhyphantes emini, 273.
melanogaster, 273.
—— nigricollis, 257, 274.
—— reichenowi, 2738.
—— stephanophorus, 255, 273.
stuhlmanni, 256, 272, 273.
zaphiroi, 273.
Heteropterus willemi, 172.
Hippotion celerio, 118.
Hirst, A. 8., Arachnida, 57.
Hirundo emini, 256, 409.
gordoni, 258, 408, 509.
neumanni, 408, 409.
Hister monitor, 195.
Hololepia africane, 195.
Holopterna affinis, 75, 84.
alata, 75.
—— ¢llioti, 75.
valga, 75.
—— wollastoni, 74, 84.
Homalolachnus sp., 195.
Homoptera scandatula, 111.
Homorus bicolor, 46, 50.
fuscostrigatus, 46, 50.
runssorinus, 47.
Hoploxys ceruleus, 73.
Floria africana, 208.
debyt, 208.
nitida, 208, 234.
Hotea subfasciata, 68.
Hylia prasina, 257, 365.
Hymenoptera, 179-183.
Hypanartia hippomene, 150.
Hypena masurialis, 116.
Hypena recurvata, 116, 140.
Hyperacantha, 218.
mimula, 220.
Hyperythra olivata, 120.
Hyphantornis abyssinicus, 277.
YL ry: >
aurantiigula, 278.
cabanist, 276, 277.
camburni, 278.
—— castanops, 255, 278.
cucullatus, 277.
dimidiatus, 255, 275, 276.
feminina, 255, 261, 277
intermedius, 256, 276, a.
jacksoni, 275, 276, 480.
jameson, 278.
superciliosus, 275, 279.
xanthops, 258, 278.
Hyphanturqus alienus, 279.
ocularius, 280.
Hypocala deflorata, 115.
—— — plumicornis, 115.
Hypocrosis glaucaria, 123, 140.
maculifera, 124, 140.
Iypoeschrus strigosus, 209.
HTypoglaucitis polyeyma, 111, 140.
Hypolimnas anthedon, 150.
nusippus, 150.
—— salmacis platydema, 150.
Hypolyceena jacksoni, 157.
pachalica, 157.
philippus, 157.
—— (VLatura) pachalica, 157.
Hyreus, 109.
—— falkenstcinit, 161.
Ivaria cincta, 182.
Teteropsis pelzelm, 281.
Llena gracillipenmis, 105.
vicaria, 104.
Indicator ewilis, 258, 415.
minor, 259, 414.
teitensis, 414.
—— pygmaeus, 414.
variegatus, 259, 412.
Iphiaulax rufithorax, 179.
Irvisor erythrorynchos, 432.
viridis, 432.
jacksont, 256, 433.
INDEX.
Irrisor viridis, 258, 432.
Ismene libeon, 176.
unicolor, 176.
Ispidina picta, 260, 488.
Ithyphorus sp., 231.
Teonotus guttatus, 257, 387.
Junonia cebrene, 151.
gregoru, 152.
infracta, 152.
152.
Kedestes, 173.
Kirby, W. F., Neuroptera, 59-62;
63-66.
Labeo parvus, 237, 239.
Laccoptera atrata, 224.
Laccotrephes ater, 80.
Lacerta jacksoni, 241, 242.
vauereselli, 242,
Lachnocnema Wurbani, 157.
Lactolus sp., 179.
Lelia diascia, 117.
Lagonosiicta brunneiceps, 301.
—— -—— ruberrima, 301).
congica, 302.
—— rhodoparia, 256, 302.
—— ruberrima, 255, 301.
—— rubricata hematocephala, 302.
lildebrandti, 302.
—— ugande, 302.
Lagria sp., 207.
rugipennis, 206, 234.
—— villosa, 206.
Lamprocolius glaucovirens, 264.
splendidus, 257, 264.
Lamprotornis aneocephalus, 266.
—— porphyropterus, 256, 266.
purpuropterus, 266,
Laniarius castaneiceps, 341, 342.
erythrogaster, 257, 340, 430.
lagdent, 254, 257, 340.
—— liihderi, 257, 341.
major, 207, 341.
—— similis, 259, 339.
sulphureipectus, 33%
Lanius congicus, 345, 346.
excubttorius intercedens, 344.
-—— humerals, 259, 345, 346.
Lantus humeralis congicus, 345.
intercedens, 256, 344.
mackinnont, 257, 345.
Laphria preceps, 86.
rufibarbis, 86.
rufipes, 86.
—— ufens, 86.
Larentia chlorostola, 128, 140.
heteromorpha, 128, 140.
Lavia frons, 488.
Lebia sp., 195.
Leggada bufo, 17, 482, 507, 526.
fors, 482, 506.
grata, 482, 507.
minimus, 508.
minutordes, 508.
—— musculoides, 507.
setulosa, 506.
tenella, 507, 508.
Lema subcastanea, 216.
Lepidoptera Heterocera, 103-140.
—— Rhopalocera, 141-178.
Leptocoris hematicus, 78.
Leptodira hotambaia, 241.
Leptosia medusa, 165.
alcesta, 165.
ammaculata, 165.
nupta, 165.
Lepyronia ethiops, 82, 34.
Leuceronia buquetri, 169.
Leucoma atricosta, 116, 140.
Leucoscelis plebeja, 194.
Libellago sp., 61.
Libellula chrysostigma, 60.
leucostictus, 61.
lucia, 59.
Limicolaria colorata, 46.
fuscescens, 46.
infrafusca, 46.
mediomaculata, 46.
saturata, 43, 45, 46, 50.
smithi, 43, 45, 50.
ventricosa, 45.
Limnea natalensis, 47.
Liptena mailea, 150.
Lissotis lovati, 444.
notophila, 444.
INDEX.
Lissotis melanogaster, 257, 444.
Livus sp., 231.
bidentatus, 230.
—— bifoveatus, 230.
coarctatus, 231.
discolor, 230.
runzoriensis, 230.
Lobivanellus lateralis, 260, 445.
Lophoaétus occipitalis, 260, 442.
Lophoceros fasciatus, 258, 432.
melanoleucus, 260, 432.
suahelicus, 432.
Lophuromys aquilus, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 512, 513.
fleopunctatus, 512, 513.
laticeps, 481, 482, 512.
—— sikapusi, 512, 513.
woosnamt, 17, 481, 482, 512, 528.
Lybius equatorialis, 256, £15.
Lycend equatorialis, 164,
-— cyara, 158.
gaika, 164.
jobates, 164.
—— knysna, 164.
malathana, 164.
natalensis, 164.
nubifer, 161.
osiris, 165.
Lyccenesthes amarah, 157.
crawshayi, 158.
hobleyz, 158.
larydas, 158.
lemnos, 158.
otactlia, 158.
scintillula, 158.
Lycophotia leucoplaga, 106, 140.
Lycus ampliatus, 203.
aspidatus, 203.
constrictus, 202.
inampleaus, 203.
latissimus, 202.
—— murray?, 203.
sinuatus, 203.
vittatus, 202, 254.
—— (Acantholycus) modestus, 202, 234.
—— (Haplolycus) sinuatus, 208.
(Lycostomus) runsoriensis, 203, 234.
Lygeus tristator, 76.
544
Lygosoma aloysii-sabandic, 243.
blochmanni, 244.
—— kilimensis, 248.
thomasi, 243.
Mabuia maculilabris, 241, 242.
striata, 241, 243.
Mocaria atriclathrata, 121, 140,
maculosa, 120.
—— trizonaria, 120, 140.
Macrodipteryx vevillarius, 480.
Macroglossum trochilus, 118.
Macrolopha murrayi, 216, 217.
—— quadrimaculata, 216, 236.
Macronyx ascensi, 315.
croceus, 259, 314.
fulleborni, 315.
Macroscytus brunneus, 69.
Macrosphenus flavicans, 257, 378.
zenkeri, 378.
Macrothemis, 59.
Malacomys centralis, 511.
Malaconotus lagdeni, 340.
Matimbus centralis, 255, 269.
erythrogaster, 270).
fagani, 255, 261, 270, 462.
—— malimbicus, 257, 270,
—— nagerrimus, 257, 270.
rubricollis, 269,
centralis, 269.
Mallodon downesi, 208.
Mammalia, 481-528,
Manis longicaudatus, 518.
Marshall, G. A. K., Coleopteva, Part HOV fe 2 i7ess
Marshalliana areifera, 133, 140.
bwittata, 133.
Mastacembelus congicus, 237, 240,
Megabias equatorialis, 256, 400.
atrialatus equatorialis, 400,
Megachile larvata, 183.
—— mystacea, 183.
robertiana, 183.
rufiventris, 188.
Megalodacne rufovittata, 196.
Megalopalpus simplex, 157.
Meganaclia sippia, 104.
Megaspis bullata, 98.
meleagris, 241, 243, 244, 250,
INDEX.
Megaspis bulligera, 91, 93, 102.
Melenornis pammelena, 259, 390.
Melanitis leda, 144.
Melanopteryx mgerrima, 270.
Melieraw gabar, 260, 443.
Melittophagus meridionalis, 260, 434.
oreobates, 256, 434.
Melocichla mentalis, 346,
atricauda, 346,
Meloe monticola, 207.
Melyris monticola, 204, 234.
nobilis, 205.
Merodon wmbrifer, 91.
Merops albicollis, 260, 435.
- apraster, 261, 435, 436.
persicus, 261, 435.
superciliosus, 257, 435.
Merula baraka, 368.
centralis, 369.
Mesopicus ellioti, 258, 412.
griseocephalus, 411.
—— peocephalus, 259, 412.
ruwenzori, 17, 19, 256, 411, 412.
spodocephalus, 411.
Metallococeyx smaragdineus, 259.
Metapioplasta insocia, 109.
Metarctia burra, 104.
—— flaviciliata, 104, 140.
flavivena, 104.
—— hematica, 104.
lateritia, 104.
pulverea, 104, 140.
Metriorrhynchus sp., 204.
semiflabellatus, 204.
Micralestes acutidens, 237, 238.
Micronisus gabar, 443.
Micronympha senegalensis, 61.
Milvus egyptius, 261, 441,
Mimastroides, 224.
Mirafra africana, 311.
tropicalis, 311.
—— fischeri, 310.
occidentalis, 311.
—— tropicals, 255, 311.
zombee, 255, 310.
Mollusea, 48-47.
Monohammus stuhlmanm, 21.0.
Monolepta apicalis, 223.
—— (Candezea) pallida, 223.
—— (—— ) vicina, 2238.
Morphospheroides, 221.
Motacilla campestris, 312.
—— fla, 261, 312.
longicauda, 259, 312.
vidua, 259, 312.
Mangos gracilis, 496.
mutgigella, 496.
paludinosus, 495.
—— sanguineus proteus, 17, 482, 496, 522.
Mus, 513.
—— sp., 503.
—— allent, 504, 505.
aquilus, 512.
—— carillus, 504, 505.
——— dennie; 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 482
—— jacksoni, 503, 504.
montis, 17, 482, 503.
—— musculus, 506.
—— rattus, 503.
—— setulosus, 507.
ugande, 17, 503.
univittatus, 505.
lunaris, 17, 482, 505.
Muscicapa toruensis, 256, 393.
Muscipeta duchaillui, 404.
Musophaga rosse, 258, 419.
Mycalesia angulosa, 144.
auriwillai, 145.
—— campina, 145.
— dentata, 144.
—— matuta, 141, 145.
—— perspicua, 145.,
—— safitza, 144.
—— saga, 145.
—— saussuret, 145.
—— technatis, 145.
—— vulgaris, 145.
—— (Monotrichtis) angulosa, 144.
Mygdona antinori, 76.
—— montana, 76, 84.
Myioceya ruficeps, 258, 438.
Mylabris amplectens, 207.
atrochalybea, 208.
dorsalis, 207.
=O»
, O04.
VoL. X1x.—Part y. No. 71.—March, 1910.
Mylabris (Coryna) apicicornis, 207.
—— (Decatoma) mubukuensis, 207.
Mulothris agathina, 165,
—— clarissa, 165.
croceus, 165.
—— jacksoni, 166.
rubricosta, 166.
Myosorex blarina, 18, 20, 482, 489, 490, 520.
sclatert, 489, 490.
talpinus, 489, 490.
Muyrmecocichla arnotti, 376.
—— nigra, 257, 376.
Myrmoplasta potteri, 79.
Naia nigricollis, 242, 246.
Nectarinia barake, 319.
cupreonitens, 259, 316.
—— durtmouthi, 22, 23, 254, 261, 313, 466.
erythrocerca, 255, 315.
erythroceria, 315.
famosa, 316.
johnston, 318.
kilimensis, 317, 318, 480.
melanogaster, 253, 310.
obscura, 321.
Neisna dufresneyi nyanse, 302.
—— kilimensis, 303.
—— minima, 302, 303.
nyanse, 255, 302, 303, 462.
quartinia, 303.
Nemoria brunnetfrons, 126, 140.
Neocenyra gregarii, 146.
Neocossyphus granti, 372.
prepectoralis, 256.
Nepa atra, 80.
Nephele bipartita, 118.
Nepheronia argia, 169.
typrca, 169.
Nephila pilipes, 57.
Neptidopsis ophione velleda, 153.
Neptis agatha, 153.
marpessa, 153.
saclava marpessa, 153.
Nesocharis ansorget, 255, 295, 296, 464.
capistrata, 295.
sharpui, 295.
shelleyt, 296.
a
purpureiventris, 253, 255, 319.
545
kK
046
Neumanniella ruwenzorti, 33, 34, 36, 37.
—— siphonocheta, 34, 35,
tenuis, 34, 35.
Neuroptera, 59-62.
oO
Nezara viridula, 72.
Nicator chloris, 257.
Marita alexanderi, 293, 294.
canicapilla, 257, 294.
—— diabolica, 294.
fusconota, 257, 293,
— luteifrons, 257, 293, 294.
schistacea, 255, 294.
sparsimguttata, 294, 295,
Nilaus afer, 337.
33
camerunensis, 336.
—— camerunensis, 257, 336.
—— minor, 336, 337.
mgritemporalis, 336, 337.
Mttocris, 214.
Nothophysis johnstoni, 208, 234.
Nototragus melanotis, 512.
Nudaurelia dione, 129.
Numida ptilorhyncha, 257, 453.
53.
toruensis, 4
Nupserha sp., 214.
Nychitona medusa, 141.
ammaculata, 165.
nupta, 165.
Nyctinomus aloysti-sabaudie, 489.
Nyctipao macrops, 110.
Nymphualis candtope, 155.
Odontocheilopteryx myxa, 132.
Qdicnemus aedicnemus, 444.
vernaculatus, 260, 444, 480.
Enomys anchiete, 510.
bacchante, 510, 511.
editus, 17, 482, 509, 510, 511.
unyort, 509, 510, 511.
dembeensis, 510.
editus, 510.
harringtoni, 510.
—— hypowanthus, 510.
anchieta, 510.
unyorr, 510.
Ogilvie-Grant, W. R., Preface, 1-3; Aves, 253-480.
Cides flavipennis, 218.
pallidipennis, 218, 236.
INDEX.
Olapa melanocera, 116, 140.
Opatrum sp., 206.
Ophideres fullonica, 114.
Ophiusa catella, 110.
Oriolus brachyrhynchus, 269,
letior, 257, 268.
larvatus, 269.
letior, 268.
rolleti, 258, 268.
perewali, 255, 269,
rolleti, 258, 268, 269.
Ornithodoros savignyt cecus, 58.
Orphnus sp., 187.
Ortalia sp., 197.
Orthetrum sp., 60,
caffrum, 60.
chrysostigma, 60.
truncatum, 60,
Orthoptera, 63-66.
Osprynchotus flavipes, 179.
Osteodes pervittata, 120, 140.
Othyphantes stuhlmanni, 272.
Otiaphysa, 65.
Otes melanogaster, 444,
Otomys dartmouthi, 20, 21, 22, 481, 482, 501, 502,
514.
—— denti, 17, 18, 482, 502.
aroratus, 502.
jacksoni, 501, 502.
typus, 501.
Oxypalpus, 141,
fulvus, 171.
ruso, 171.
—— wollastont, 171, 178.
— (Pardaleodes) rutilans, 171.
Pauchnoda sinuata, 193.
flaviventris, 193.
viridana, 198.
Pachyphantes superciliosus, 279.
Pachyzancla bipunctalis, 137.
Padraona zeno, 175.
Pederus sp., 195.
duplex, 195,
Palpares libelluloides, 62.
paucimaculata, 62.
submaculatus, 62.
Palpopleura luca, 59.
Palystes elliott, 57.
Pamphila detecta, 176.
incerta, 172.
lugens, 176.
—— mackenti, 175.
—— occulta, 176.
zeno, 175.
Pandesma jubra, 115.
Papilio aethiops, 152.
agatha, 153.
—— agathina, 165.
—— alcesta, 165.
—— alcippus, 142.
argia, 169.
—— heeticus, 164.
—— brigitia, 166.
celceus, 165,
—— chrysippus, 142.
—— clelia, 151.
—— cloanthe, 151.
—— cypreofila gallienus, 17).
—— dardanus, 170.
hippocoon, 170.
demodocus, 169.
— dryope, 154.
—— encedon, 147.
—— enotrea, 154.
etheocles, 155,
—— eupale, 155.
—— florella, 167.
forestan, 176.
——— galene, 153.
gallienus, 170.
harpav, 157.
—— hierta, 151.
—— hippocoon, 170.
tsis, 163.
jacksont, 170.
— lurydas, 158.
leda, 144.
lingeus, 163.
—— lormieri, 169.
mackinnoni, 169.
mechow2, 170.
medusa, 165.
menestheus lormiert, 169.
metis, 172.
INDEX.
Papilio misippus, 150.
octavia, 152.
—— enone, 151.
ophione, 153.
palemon, 163.
—— pelarga, 151.
—— philippus, 157.
—— phorcas, 169.
—— plagiatus, 170.
plinius, 164.
- salmacis, 150.
—— serena, 147.
severina, 168.
—— Soli, Missile
-—— telicanus, 164.
terea, 151.
terpsichore, 147.
zenobia, 170.
Paraglossa atrisquamalis, 134,
Paramecocoris lutulentus, 69.
Paraplesius, 229,
Parascolex, 36.
Parathermes nubilata, 113, 140.
Pardaleodes incerta, 172.
Parisoma plumbeum, 259, 395.
Parnara sp., 176.
detecta, 176.
Parus fasciiventris, 17, 19, 20, 254, 335.
funereus, 257, 334.
insignis, 258, 334,
niger insignis, 334.
nigricinercus, 33+.
Passer diffusus, 259, 304.
occidentalis, 304.
ugande, 30+.
griseus, 304, 305.
abyssinicus, 3804.
swainsont, 304.
Pedilorhynchus camerunensis, 392.
comitatus, 392.
stuhImannt, 392.
camerunensis, 392.
Pellonula obtustrostris, 237.
Pentatoma nigro-violacea, 73.
Pentheres fasciwenter, 333.
leucomelas, 334.
Penthetria ardens, 288.
4¢2
547
548
Penthetria eques, 290.
—— hartlaubt, 284, 285.
Pentila clarensis, 157.
Petalia arge, 488.
—— hispida, 488.
Petersius woosnami, 237, 238.
Pheochrous sp., 188.
Phaon iridipennis, 61,
Pheretima, 34.
Philanthus limatus, 180.
Phieais rufescens, 355,
Phleeocopus undulatus, 205,
Phlyaria cyara, 158.
Pholia hirundinea, 263.
sharpei, 263.
Pholidauges sharpei, 256, 263.
verreauct, 258, 263.
Pholidornis bedfordi, 332.
denti, 257, 261, 332, 468.
rushice, 332.
Phonotenia, 194.
Phryneta obscura, 212.
Phrynetoides regia, 212.
Phrynetopsis fortificata, 213.
—— fuscicornis, 213.
kolbei, 213, 234.
Phrystola bulbifera, 212.
elliott, 212, 234.
heephora, 212.
Phyllanthus bohndorffi, 378.
ezarnikowt, 257, 262, 878, 476.
Phyllastrephus albigularis, 333.
cabanisi, 387.
—— —— sucosus, 386.
teterinus, 257, 387.
indicator, 384.
kikuyuensis, 382.
—— placidus, 387.
sucosus, 256, 386.
tricolor, 387.
Phyllolais hildegarde, 360, 361.
pulchella, 360.
Phyllopezus africanus, 260, 445,
Phylloscopus, 454, 456,
eversmanni, 261, 857.
— trochilus, 261, 357.
eversmanni, 357.
Physopelta melanoptera, 78.
Phyteecia vaga, 215,
Picus cardinalis, 413.
guineensis, 413.
Pieris raffrayi, 168.
rubricosta, 166,
thysa, 168.
Pilocrocis laralis, 135, 140.
—— patagialis, 135, 140.
Pinacopterya westwoodi, 168.
Pipistrellus nanus, 17, 488.
—— pulcher, 489.
Pisces, 237-240.
Plesiorrhina recurva, 193.
Plagiocera hemorrhoa, 91.
maculipennis, 90,
Plagiodera impolita, 218.
thoracica, 217.
Planema latifasciata, 146.
Planorbis bribouwianus, 47.
Platydacne rufovittata, 196.
vittulata, 196.
Platynus (Anchomenus) sp., 195.
striatitarsis, 195.
Platyomicus sp., 227.
Platypleura divisa, 80.
wahlbergi, 80.
Platystira albifrons, 399, 400.
cyanea, 259, 399, 400.
albifrons, 399,
nyanse, 399,
Platyxantha sp., 224.
lukunguensis, 224.
usambarica, 224,
Plectrocnemia, 75.
bicolor, 75.
Plectropoda bicolor, 75, 84.
Plesioneura proxima, 171.
Pleurona lepticyma, 114, 140.
Plinachtus pungens, 77.
spinosus, 77.
Ploceus aliena, 279.
castunops, 278.
— dimidiatus, 275.
—— intermedius, 276.
—— luteola, 281.
—— mgerrinus, 270.
Plocens nigricollis, 274.
ocularius, 280.
crocatus, 280.
pelzelni, 281.
stephanophorus, 273.
stuhimannt, 272.
-—— superciliosus, 279.
—— wanthops, 278.
camburni, 278.
jamesoni, 278.
Ploetzia, 173.
Plusia avranea, 112, 140,
chaleedona, 111.
—— chalcites, 111.
cupreonicans, 112, 140.
Podalirius advena, 182.
Pecilomorpha hirsuta, 217.
Peocephalus aubryanus, 258, 439.
damarensis, 440.
—— meyeri, 440.
matschiei, 440.
virescens, 440.
—— reichenowt, 258, 439, 440.
— saturatus, 439.
transvaalensis, 440,
Peoptera stuhlmanni, 256, 266.
Poiana richardsoni ochracea, 452, 495.
Poicephalus gulielmi aubryanus, 439.
meyert reichenow?, 439.
Poliospiza albifrons, 306.
striolata, 305.
Polistes smithii, 182.
Polydesma collutriv, 113.
Polygrammodes phyllophila, 137.
Polyommatus amarah, 157.
beticus, 164.
Polythlipta guitiferalis, 136, 140.
Polytoreutus bettonianus, 26.
grant, 30, 31, 32, 33.
gregorianus, 30.
kwrimaensis, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32
magilensis, 32.
cy
silvestris, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33.
usindjaensis, 25, 28, 29.
Pomatorhynchus minutus, 338.
senegalus, 337.
ruwenzoru, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 3
TBONS 3,
INDEX.
Pompostola vicaria, 134.
| Popa spurca, 64,
Popillia fulleborni, 190.
graminea, 190.
kraatz, 190.
—— runsorica, 190.
Potamocherus cheropotamus, 17, 517,
i
demonis, 517.
Potamon ambiguus, 55.
| —— bipartitum, 53.
| =vedules, 5d:
—— hilgendorji, 55.
johnstont, 51, 53, 55.
—— (Potamonautes) aloysti sabaudiov, 55.
(——) johnston, 51, 52.
Pratincola axillaris, 375, 376.
— pallidiqula, 376.
—— rubetra, 261, 375.
salax, 259, 375, 376.
pallidigula, 375, 376.
Precis antelope, 151.
chorimene, 152.
hierta cebrene, 151.
—— milonia, 151.
octavia sesamus, 152.
enone, 151.
pelargo, 151.
sesamus, 152.
stmia, 152.
sophia infracta, 151.
stygia, 152.
gregort, 152.
terea, 151.
tugela, 152.
pyriformis, 152.
| Prinia bairdi, 367.
melanops, 366.
nuystacea, 259, 366.
reichenow?, 367. -
Proagonstes predo, 87, $8, 102.
validus, 86.
Procavia ruwenzori, 20, 22, 516.
Prodenia litura, 107.
| Promecolanguria cuprea, 196.
lyctoides, 196.
| Prosmidia, 218.
suturalis, 219.
549
550 INDEX.
s
Prosopocera (Timoreticus) sp., 210,
Psalidoprocne albiceps, 256, 409,
holomelena, 410.
—— —— massaica, 409.
—— massaica, 256, 409, 410.
—— nitens, 258, 410.
centralis, 410,
Pseudaphelia ansorget, 129,
Pseudargyninis hegemone nyasace, 152.
Pseuderesia despecta, 157.
Pseudhammus myrmidonum, 210.
Pseudometa castanea, 130,140.
Psilocerea craspigonia, 124, 140.
curvimargo, 125, 140.
stictigramma, 124, 140.
Psiloptera aurocincta, 201.
gestrot, 201.
Psittacus erithacus, 439.
Prernistes cranchi, 258, 452, 453.
Pterocyon stramineus, 486,
Prtyelus flavescens, 81.
grossus, 81.
miveus, 81, 84.
Pycnonotus tricolor, 258, 388.
minor, 388.
Pycnoschema palpalis, 191.
Pycraft, W. P., On some Points in the Anatomy of
Bradypterus cinnamomeus, 454-459.
Pygiopsylla torvus, 100,
Pyrameis abyssinica, 150.
Pyrenestes ostrinus, 257, 283.
Pyrgus dromus, 171.
Pyrochroa proboscidea, 203.
Pyromelana ansorgei, 255, 284.
crassirostris, 255, 261, 287, 462.
flamuniceps, 258, 285.
—— franciscana, 257.
pusilla, 237.
mgrifrons, 255, 286, 287.
—— oryx, 287.
phenicomera, 287, 288.
—— sundevalli, 286.
—— wertheri, 286, 287.
wanthochlamys, 284.
xanthomelas, 259, 287.
Pytelia affinis, 292.
ansorger, 295.
Pytelia belli, 255, 261, 291, 292, 464.
citerior, 292,
jesset, 292.
melba, 291, 292.
—— soudanensis, 292.
Quelea cardinalis, 255, 284.
intermedia, 283.
—— quelea, 258, 283.
sunguinirostris, 283.
Querquedulu circia, 261, 443.
Raghuva multiradiata, 105.
Ramesa citaria, 119.
macrodonta, 119, 140.
Rana angolensis, 241.
—— bravana, 240.
—— galumensis, 240.
nutti, 240, 241, 250.
oxyrhynchus, 240.
Ranatra fuscoannulata, 80, 84.
Reduvius maculatus, 79.
Remigia pectinata, 110, 140.
undata, 111.
Reptilia, 241-247.
Tthabdotis sobrina, 193.
Lhinopomastus cyanomelas, 433.
schalowi, 433.
schalowit, 257, 433.
Rhodogastria bubo, 105.
Rhopalocampta forestan, 176.
libeon, 176.
Rhynchota, 67-84.
Rhysotrachelus sp., 195.
Riptortus tenuicornis, 78.
Rousettus angolensis, 17, 487.
lanosus, 20, 21, 22, 481, 482, 486, 520.
leachi, 486, 487.
stramineus, 486.
Ruwenzorornis johnston, 420, 421.
kivuensis, 420.
Sagra murrayt, 216.
Salamis anacardii nebulosa, 141, 152.
antilope, 151.
— nebulosa, 152.
parhassus aethiops, 152.
Santosia maculata, 79.
Sarangesa kaplopa, 170.
subalbicans, 179.
Sarcidiornis melanonota, 261, 444.
Sarcophaga inequalis, 99, 102.
notatipennis, 98, 99, 102.
octomaculata, 99.
spilogaster, 99.
Savicola montana, 376.
Schizonychu sp., 189.
Schenicola apicals, 258, 353, 356.
Sciocoris boris, 69.
Sciurus rufobrachiatus, 497.
aubryt, 498.
nyanse, 497, 498.
semhikii, 482, 498.
—— ruwenzorw, 17, 497, 524.
—— stangert centricola, 497.
Scolitantides, 159.
Scotophilus nigrita, 489.
Scotosia rubritincta, 127.
Selenops vigilans, 57.
Senaspis esacus, 90, 91, 102.
elliotiz, 90, 102.
flaviceps, 91.
Serica sp., 189.
Sericophoromyia, gen. noy., 99.
claripilosa, 96, 97, 102.
dasyops, 97.
Serinetha hematica, 78.
Serinus albifrons, 506, 307.
butyraceus, 305.
—— graueri, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 255, 305.
—— wcterus, 255, 305.
barbatus, 305.
—— imberbis, 307.
— kilimensis, 256, 306, 307.
—— sharpet, 256, 307, 308.
—— shelleyi, 307, 308.
—— striolatus, 306.
graueri, 306,
sulphuratus, 308.
Sesamia albivena, 109.
Simotdes trichopus, 93.
Sinoaylon ruficorne, 205,
Sitagra aliena, 19, 254, 279, 480.
crocata, 231.
jacksoni, 254,
luteola, 258, 281, 282.
ocularia, 258, 280, 281,
INDEX,
Sttagru pelzelni, 255, 281.
shellvyi, 254.
Smith, E. A., Mollusca, 43-47.
Smuithornis camerunensis, 258, 400, 401, 402.
—— capensis, 400.
—— rufolateralis, 258, 401, 402.
—— sharpei, 258, 402.
—— zenkeri, 402.
| Solanophila, 200,
| WSolenostethium sehesteda, 7.
| Sophronica grisea, 213.
Spermestes cucullatus, 257, 290, 296,
poensis, 257, 290, 291, 296,
stigmatophora, 290, 291.
stigmatophorus, 290.
Spermospiza poliogenys, 257, 261, 283, 462.
Spherocoris annulus, 68,
pecilus, 68.
Sphenophorus, 232.
Sphingomorpha chlorea, 113..
Spinus citrinelloides frontalis, 308,
Spirama capensis, 110.
Sporeginthus subflavus, 259, 301.
Steganocerus nultipunctatus, 67.
| Stenostaura, gen. nov., 119,
unpedita, 120, 140,
Stephanihyx inornatus, 260, 445.
Sternotomis bohemani, 211.
consularis, 211.
runsoriensis, 210, 234.
variabilis, 210.
Stigmatopelia senegalensis, 449.
Stilbopsar stuhlmanuni, 266.
| Stiphrorms wanthogaster, 257.
| Stizorhina fraseri, 393.
vulpina, 257, 393.
Stomoxys fuscus, 100.
Streptopelia semitorquata, 450.
Strophidia erycinaria, 180.
Subulina martensi, 46.
Sycobrotus mentalis, 255, 271, 272.
nandensis, 271, 272.
Sylepta ovialis, 135.
sabinusalis, 135.
Sylvia, 456.
atricapilla, 261, 357.
hortensis, 261, 357.
592
Sylvia simplex, 357.
Syluviella barake, 255, 362, 480.
—— batesi, 364.
—— brachyura, 363.
— carnapt, 257, 863.
~ denti, 257, 262, 364, 468.
- flaviventris, 364.
—— leucophrys, 255, 362.
—— olivie, 364.
—— toroensis, 255, 362.
Sylvietta carnapt, 363.
—— leucophrys, 362.
—— — toroensis, 362,
virens, 362,
Sylvisorex, 490.
—— granti, 18, 482, 492.
johnston, 493.
morio, 492.
preussi, 492,
sorella, 493.
Symplectes stuhlmanni, 272.
Synodontis greshoffi, 237, 240.
Syntarueus telicanus plinius, 164.
Syntomis cerbera, 10-4.
Syntomoides seminigra, 103.
Syrniwum suahelicum, 257, 440.
—— woodfordi suahelicum, 440.
Syrphus adligatus, 88, 102.
Systates sp., 230.
Tabanus fasciatus, 86.
ruwenzorei, 86, 102.
PTachina dasyops, 95.
Tachytes sp., 180.
Taphozous mauritianas, 489.
—— peli, 489.
Tarache croceta, 109.
niphogona, 109, $40.
Taragama bwiiti, 130, 140.
—— diplocyma, 130, 140.
Tursiger eurydesmus, 394.
johnstona, 394.
478, 480.
Tatera tiodon, 500, 501.
ruwenzorit, 482, 500.
valida, 501.
lunaris, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 482, 492, 498.
ruwenzor, 17, 19, 20, 255, 262, 332,
INDEX.
Tehitrea emint, 405.
—— ignea, 406.
perspreillata suahelica, 404,
viridis, 404.
Tefflus gracilentus, 195.
Telephonus australis emint, 337.
—— emini, 255, 337.
—— erythropterus, 259, 337, 480.
—— minutus, 259, 338.
minutus, 338.
—— senegalus, 338.
camerwunensis, 338.
erythropterus, 338.
Telvphorus sp., 204.
Teleudrilus, 33.
Tephrina cinerascens, 121.
—— deerraria, 122.
—— observata, 122.
— oleochroa, 122, 140.
presbitaria, 121.
Teracolus antevippe, 167.
—— aurigineus, 167.
—— ocale, 167.
pallene pseudetrida, 167.
puniceus, 167.
subvenosus, 167.
vanthus, 168.
Terias boisduvaliana, 167.
reducta, 167.
—— brenda, 166.
—— brigitta, 166.
—— desjurdinsii, 166.
—— marshalli, 166.
marshalli, 166.
punctinotata, 166.
—— punectinotata, 166.
—— regularis, 166.
—— zoé, 166.
Terina chrysoptera, 126, 140.
Terpsiphone duchaillui, 258, 404.
—— emim, 256, 404, 405.
—— ignea, 258, 406,
—— niyriceps, 405, 406.
—— rufiventris, 405.
—— suahelica, 256, 404, 405, 480.
Tessaratoma hornimani, 73.
Tetralobus mystacuus, 206.
INDEX.
Tetralobus rotundifrons, 206.
subsulcatus, 206.
Tetruphleps ruficeps, 133, 140.
Tetrix depressa, 66.
Tettigonia flavescens, 81.
Tetyra comes, 68.
sehestedii, 67.
Thalassodes congrua, 126.
Thamnomys dolichurus, 509.
dryas, 482, 509.
—— rutilans, 508.
venustus, 17, 482, 508.
Thaumatowenia, gen. nov., 65.
legger, 65.
Thelphusa depressa johnston, 51, 54.
Thomas, O., Mammalia, 481-528.
Thryonomys gregorianus, 516.
harrison, 516.
sclateri, 516.
swinderianus, 516.
Tilapia nilotica, 237, 240.
Timora flavistrigata, 106.
lanceolata, 106.
nigrifasciata, 106,
Tingra clarensis, 157.
Titoceres jaspideus, 212.
Tmesorrhina pectoralis, 192, 193.
runsorica, 192.
Totanus ochropus, 18, 261, 446.
Trachycystis ruwenzoriensis, 44, 50.
Trachyphonus elgonensis, 256, 419.
purpuratus, 419,
elgonensis, 419.
Tricholema ansorger, 256, 415.
hirsutum, 415, 416.
lacrymosum, 416.
radcliffer, 415, 416.
Trochalus sp., 189.
Trochocercus albonotatus, 17, 19, 256, 403.
bedfordi, 257, 262, 403, 404, 478.
kibahensis, 404.
Trochozonites leptaleus, 43, 50.
mamboiensis, 44.
Turacus emini, 17, 256, 421.
schutti, 421.
Turdinus albipectus, 379.
atriceps, 17, 19, 255, 381.
VOL. XIX.—PaRT V. No. 72.—Warch, 1910.
Turdinus barake, 379.
bocagei, 379.
cerviniventris, 257, 379, 380.
—— fulvescens, 257, 379, 380, 381.
jacksoni, 380.
pyrrhopterus, 17, 19, 256, 380, 381.
—— —— kivuensis, 340.
reichenowt, 380.
Turdirostris fulvescens, 379.
Turdus abyssinicus, 17, 19, 20, 22, 28, 256, 368,
369.
baraka, 368, 369.
centralis, 256, 369.
pelios centralis, 369.
Turnix nana, 258, 451.
Turtur capicola damarensis, 449.
damarensis, 260, 449.
semitorquatus, 260, 450.
senegalensis, 261, 449.
Tympanistria tympanistria, 260, 450.
Tyndis proteanalis, 134.
Ugada grandicollis, 81.
Upupa africana, 260, 432.
Uranochauma, 141, 160.
antinori, 159, 163.
artemenes, 168.
cordatus, 161, 163.
crawshayi, 163.
delatorum, 141, 161, 163, 178.
falkensteinii, 161-163, 178.
nubifer, 161-163.
—— pelotus, 163.
poggei, 163.
Urobrachya phenicea, 255.
Vanessa chorimene, 152.
Vanessula buchneri, 150.
milea buchneri, 150.
Vermes, 25-41.
Vidua serena, 259, 303.
Vinago calva, 258, 447.
Vipera berus, 246.
Virachola antalus, 157.
Vitrina cagni, 43.
oleosa, 43.
Volumnia westermanni, 214.
Waterhouse, C. O., Coleoptera, Part II., 201.
Winthemia, 99.
i}
4D
Cr
co
554
Woosnam, R. B., Itinerary, 5-23.
Wroughton, R. C., Mammalia, 481-528,
Xanthophilus castanops, 278.
awanthops, 278.
Xanthospilopterya superba, 105.
Xenocichla albigularis, 383.
—— letissima, 257, 383.
-— leucolema, 383.
Xylobanus sp., 204.
sulcicollis, 204.
Xylocopa calens, 182.
-—— carinata, 182.
flavorufa, 182.
70, 182.
nigrita, 182.
kikuyuensis, 17, 19, 256, 382, 480.
INDEX.
Xylocopa producta, 182.
Xylopteryx prasinaria, 125, 140.
| Xylostola olivata, 108, 140.
Xystrocera dispar, 209.
Yphthima albida, 146.
ttoma, 146,
simplicia, 146.
| Zamarada chrysothyra, 122, 140,
—— pheozona, 123, 140.
Zana trifasciata, 118, 140.
Zebronia phenice, 135.
Zizera gaika, 164.
Knysna, 164.
| Zosterops jacksoni, 19, 255, 333.
scott, 333.
END OF VOLUME XIX.
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CONTENTS.
Zoological Results of the Ruwenzori Expedition, 1905-1906.
17. Mammalia. By Oupriztp Tuomas, F.R.S., F.Z.S.,and R. C. Wroucuton,
BAS: “(Plates XOX a OCT os 2s oer 3 ale Tecra ee in ar eae ean ee Ame ae
List of Papers contained in. Vol; XIXG ic). se cee ene
Index of Species ec) Im Vol. MUN os ia es anda) See iar) anameee
Titlepage and Contents to Vol. XIX.
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P. CHALMERS MITCHELL,
March, 1910. Secretary
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THIS Mouss ACCORDING TO MEASUREMENTS AND TO SKULL SEEMS TO BE EXACTLY
wane HOLLISTER IN HIS LIST OF EAST AFRICAN MAMMABS IS CALLING MUS
GRATUS. 2 HAVE ONE SPECIMEN OF L. MUSCULOIDES FROM THE KANCSRUN
_ DENTIFED ‘BY THOMAS IN 1904,BU? THIS MOUSE IS QUITE DI FFERENT FROM
a ‘THE CONGO ANIMAL. ITS SKULL IS MUCH LARGER AND/ 13 VERT MUCH DARKER
“om eenees ABOUT LIKE THAT OF HOLLISTSR'S MUS GRATUS. HOSTER, becense
OP pas OF MATERIAL it Is UPOSSIBLE TO TEEL JUST WHAT SPECIES TIS”
oxo MOUSE ESS). 12 Is MUCH LIGHTS R IN COLOR THAN THE EAST APRICAN
aus eRATUS, BUT SHOWS NO OTHER DIFFERENCE.
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THIS MOUSE ACCORDING TO MEASUREMENTS AND TO SKULL GERMS T0 BE EXACTLY
WHAT HOLLISTER IN HIS LIST OF EAST AFRICAN MAMMALS IS CALLING MUS
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IDENTIPED BY THOMAS IN 1904,SUT THIS MOUSE IS (UITE DI FFERENT FROM
THE COMO ANIMAL, ITS SEULL IS MUCH LARGER AND/ pig ele MUCH DAREER
IN COLOR, ABOUT LIZKE THAT OF HOLLISTSR'S MUS GRATUS, HOWEVER, because
OF LACK OF MATERIAL IT IS TuPOSSIBLS TO THLL JUST WHAT SPECIES THIS
COSGO MOUSE IS, If IS MUCH LIGHDSR IN COLOR TiAN THE BAST AFRICAN
MUS GRATUS, BU? SHOWS NO CTHER DIVFERENCE.
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